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Spatial Diffusion Types Explained

The document describes 4 types of spatial diffusion: 1. Expansion diffusion spreads out from the origin point in all directions, intensifying in the originating area. 2. Contagious diffusion spreads through direct contact, influenced by distance with nearby areas having higher probability of contact. 3. Hierarchical diffusion spreads through ordered systems from largest to smallest centers, channeled along transport networks. 4. Relocation diffusion spreads a disease into a new area, leaving behind the original source. A disease can spread through a combination of these diffusion types.

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76 views8 pages

Spatial Diffusion Types Explained

The document describes 4 types of spatial diffusion: 1. Expansion diffusion spreads out from the origin point in all directions, intensifying in the originating area. 2. Contagious diffusion spreads through direct contact, influenced by distance with nearby areas having higher probability of contact. 3. Hierarchical diffusion spreads through ordered systems from largest to smallest centers, channeled along transport networks. 4. Relocation diffusion spreads a disease into a new area, leaving behind the original source. A disease can spread through a combination of these diffusion types.

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alicekadzokatana
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4 Types of Spatial Diffusion

1. Expansion
2. Contagious
3. Hierarchical
4. Relocation

Note: a disease can spread with a


combination of above types
1. Expansion Diffusion
• Infection spreads out from source in all directions from
point of origin.
• Expanding disease diffuses outwards into new areas.
• The disease often intensifies in the originating area.
2. Contagious Diffusion

• Infection is spread through direct contact with the carrier.


• Individual hosts carrying the disease pass it on to new contacts.
• Strongly influenced by distance - nearby individuals/regions have
much higher probability of contact than remote ones.
• Contagious spread tends to occur in a centrifugal manner from
the source region outward.
Early medical geography map by Jon Snow
identifying the cluster + source of a cholera
outbreak at Broad Street, London in 1852
3. Hierarchical Diffusion
• The infection spreads down through
a particular system.
• Spreads through an ordered
sequence of classes or places,
usually form the largest centres with
the highest connectivity to smaller,
more isolated centres.
• E.g. from cities to large urban areas
to small urban areas.
• Diffusion is also channelled along
road, rail and air transport networks
which facilitate contact between
carriers and a susceptible
population.
4. Relocation Diffusion
Infection spreads into a new area, leaving behind
its origin or source of the disease

t1, t2, t3> denote time 1, 2 & 3 respectively


Mixed Diffusion
Which type of diffusion?
Spread of HIV in southern Africa along
In 2009, H1N1 [Swine Flu] Virus - this
lorry routes
disease first started in Mexico City, but
first saw prevalence in other large cities
(LA, NYC, Chicago) before seeing a
Annual number of TB patients per presence in smaller cities or rural towns.
square kilometre in urban Tokyo. It became a pandemic via international
flight routes and airports.
In the USA, it resulted in 61 million cases
and 12,500 deaths.

Cholera in Haiti 2010 killed 7000


was brought in by emergency aid
workers flown in from Nepal.

HIV/AIDS in USA appeared first in San


Source: Francisco + then major cities such as LA/
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371 New York - it then spread to smaller cities
/journal.pone.0138831
and then towns

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