KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN, RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI

REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2022

Buku Panduan Guru English for Nusantara
untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Penulis: Ika Lestari Damayanti, dkk.
ISBN: 978-602-427-920-2 (jil.2)

Panduan Khusus
Chapter 4
No Littering
 Chapter 4
No Littering

Unit 1. Did It Rain Last Night?

Unit 2. What Happened to the Sea Animals?

Unit 3. You Can Help

Learning objectives

Upon completion of Chapter 4, the students should be able to:

1. talk about past incidents or events;

2. make questions for a short interview about past incidents or events;

3. identify the main idea and detailed information on a series of past

incidents or events;

4. write a series of past events.

248 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Pendahuluan

1. Guru mengucapkan salam dan memberikan gambaran umum

tentang materi yang akan diajarkan di Chapter 4 ini. Bila

memungkinkan, bahasa Inggris dapat digunakan secara penuh

atau sebagian besar. Bila belum memungkinkan guru dapat

menggunakan bahasa Indonesia pada bagian-bagian penting.

Bahasa guru

“Good morning, everyone. Welcome back to our English lesson. Today

we come to a new chapter, Chapter 4, with a new topic.

The topic is ‘No Littering’. This means everything you throw out is

being put somewhere else instead.”

“We will talk about waste, especially plastic waste and its harmful

effects to the environment.”

2. Guru menjelaskan tujuan Chapter 4. Bila memungkinkan, Bahasa

Inggris dapat digunakan secara penuh atau sebagian besar. Bila

belum memungkinkan guru dapat menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia.

Penggunaan Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia dapat disesuaikan

dengan tingkat kemampuan Bahasa Inggris peserta didik pada

bagian-bagian selanjutnya pada Chapter ini.

Bahasa guru

“In this chapter we will talk about some past incidents because of

plastic waste.”

“We will practice how to collect details of the incidents. These details

Chapter 4 | No Littering 249

 should be based on facts that really happened.”

“We can learn about the details from reading texts, pictures, and

asking our friends.”

“We will retell the incidents complete with the details in speaking as

well as in writing.”

250 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Unit 1. Did It Rain Last Night?

Section 1 − Say What You Know

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

1. Look at Picture 4.2. What happened in each picture? You may use

Indonesian.

2. What kind of trash is mostly found in the pictures?

3. Where do you think the trash will end up? Will it be going to the

ocean?

4. Can this trash cause a flood?

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menunjukkan Picture 4.2.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s take a look at Picture 4.2.”

2. Guru bertanya kepada peserta didik apakah mereka mengetahui

aktifitas-aktifitas yang dilakukan warga pada Picture 4.2 tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“Can you tell me what is happening in each picture?”

“What are the people doing?”

“Are the people doing the same thing in the first and the second

pictures?”

“Are these pictures based on reality?”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 251

 “Picture 4.2 shows you activities people sometimes do in the river.

These activities are related to plastic waste and its effect.”

3. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk berdiskusi dan menjawab

beberapa pertanyaan sederhana tentang Picture 4.2.

Bahasa guru

“Can you please discuss and answer the questions with your

classmates?”

4. Tujuan dari diskusi ini adalah agar peserta didik dapat memahami

dampak negatif dari sampah plastik.

252 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Diagnostic Assessment Rubric

Date: _________________ Class: _____________ Chapter/Unit: ________________

S/he can S/he can
S/he cannot
answer answer
S/he can provide
simple simple
answer simple any answer
Students questions questions
questions to the
with the with the
independently teacher’s
help of the help of
questions
teacher peers

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 253

 18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

Comment:

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

254 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Section 2 − Listening

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. What would you like doing on a Sunday afternoon? Rank the

following pictures with number 5 as your least favorite activity and

number 1 as your most favorite activity.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru memperlihatkan beberapa gambar komik yang memperlihatkan

aktifitas-aktifitas yang biasa dilakukan pada hari Minggu sore.

Bahasa guru

“Sunday is a relaxing day for most people. They do their hobbies, go out

or spend time with their family. They usually do these activities in the

afternoon when they have more free time. What do you usually do on a

Sunday afternoon? Do you have any favorite activities?”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Listen to Audio 4.1. Galang and his family are on a bridge enjoying

the view of Sungai Lestari on a Sunday afternoon. Complete the

sentences with the Past Tense form of the verbs. See the Word Box.

Word
decay: membusuk river: sungai
Box
throw into: membuang trash: sampah
litter: mengotori/membuang nearby town: kota terdekat
sampah sembarangan
one of the causes: salah satu
flood: banjir penyebab
problem: permasalahan back then: dahulu

Chapter 4 | No Littering 255

 Audio 4.1 Script

Part 1

At Sungai Lestari.

Galang : Mom, what’s the name of this river?

Posma : It’s Sungai Lestari.

Pak Rahmansyah : When I was your age, I often came down to this

river.

Galang : But it does not look very clean. Was the river this

dirty back then? Did you swim in the river?

Pak Rahmansyah : I did! The river was quite clean back then.

Galang : Were there others that went to the the river?

Pak Rahmansyah : A lot of kids swam and played in the river.

Galang : How did it become so dirty like this? Did people

throw their trash into this river?

Bu Posma : Well, that is one of the causes. People also started

to use a lot of plastic. And plastic does not decay

easily.

Pak Rahmansyah : Plastic trash began to litter a lot of places. It made

this river dirty.

Bu Posma : The plastic trash also caused many other problems,

like the flood in a nearby town a couple of days

ago.

256 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru memperdengarkan Audio 4.1. Guru meminta peserta didik

membaca dan menyimak percakapan Galang dan keluarga pada

audio tersebut, serta melengkapi cerita yang didengar.

Bahasa guru

“Listen to the dialogue between Galang and his family. They are

talking about Sungai Lestari and the plastic trash in the river. You

can see that there are several gaps in the dialogue. Try to complete the

gap with the past tense form of the verbs. I will play the audio several

times (two times or more if the students need it).”

2. Guru membahas isi percakapan bersama peserta didik dengan

menekankan pada kata-kata kunci terutama pada Word Box.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s talk about the audio. What is it about?”

“What did Galang and his family do based on the audio?”

3. Setelah peserta didik memahami isi percakapan di Audio 4.1, guru

dapat membahas jawaban bersama peserta didik.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for us to discuss the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.2

1. When I was your age, I often came down to this river.

2. I did! The river was quite clean back then.

3. A lot of kids swam and played in the river.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 257

 4. Well, that is one of the causes. People also started to use a lot of

plastic. And plastic does not decay easily.

5. Plastic trash began to litter a lot of places. It made this river dirty.

6. The plastic trash also caused many other problems, like the flood in

a nearby town a couple of days ago.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Read the dialogue. Choose the correct answer.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengerjakan Worksheet 4.3

berdasarkan Audio 4.1.

Bahasa guru

“After you listen to the Audio 4.1, I want you to work on a Worksheet

4.3.”

“Please answer the questions based on your understanding on the

Audio 4.1.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik sama-sama membahas jawaban dari

Worksheet 4.3.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for us to discuss the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.3

1. a. was a small boy

2. c. Galang’s father.

258 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
3. c. The river was clean.

4. a. It became dirty.

5. c. does not decay easily.

Section 3 − Listening

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Before listening to Audio 4.2, guess what happened during the

flood by circling one of the pictures below. You can work with your

classmate.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru memperlihatkan kelima gambar pada latihan a Section 3.

Guru membahas setiap gambar bersama peserta didik dengan

menekankan pada kata-kata kunci action verbs pada setiap gambar.

Bahasa guru

“Look at the pictures in exercise a. Each picture shows activities many

people do during a flood.”

“Which words show you the activities?”

“In Picture 1, for example, the word is ‘played’.”

2. Guru menjelaskan kepada peserta didik bahwa beberapa aktivitas

di gambar tersebut akan muncul di percakapan Galang dan

keluarganya bagian kedua. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk

memilih aktivitas dan action verbs yang mungkin muncul dalam

percakapan tersebut.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 259

 Bahasa guru

“Some of these activities will appear in the next conversation between

Galang and his family.”

“Can you guess which activity and which action verbs will appear in

the next conversation?’

Jawaban Worksheet 4.4

1. Some children played in the rain happily during the flood.

2. Firefighters and soldiers worked together to rescue the people.

3. The rescuers took all the trash out of the gutters.

4. Some houses were almost under water.

5. The rescuers put the elderly and young children on rubber boats.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Listen to Audio 4.2. Galang and his family were walking home after

enjoying the view of Sungai Lestari. Check your predictions.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru memperdengarkan Audio 2.2. Guru meminta peserta didik

menyimak percakapan tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s listen to the conversation between Galang and his family on

Audio 4.2.”

2. Guru membahas prediksi peserta didik sebelumnya.

Bahasa guru

260 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 “Now it’s time for us to check whether our prediction is right or

wrong.”

“What action verbs that appear in the conversation?”

“Who wants to answer first?”

Audio 4.2 Script

Part 2

At Sungai Lestari

Galang : According to the news, the flood hit Kota Amuntai

after heavy rain.

Ara : Did it rain for hours, kak Galang?

Galang : It rained heavily for almost two hours.

Sinta : Were many houses under water?

Galang : In some areas, some houses were almost under

water!

Sinta : Were the people there safe?

Galang : The news showed firefighters and soldiers

working together to rescue the people there. They

put elderly people and young children on rubber

boats.

Ara : Oh, poor them!

Sinta : I really didn’t know about the flooded houses. I

thought the rainwater flooded only the streets.

Did the flood last for long?

Galang : The news said at first it flooded only the streets.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 261

 But, after an hour the rainwater went up and

quickly got into houses.

Pak Rahmansyah : Rescuers found the next day that almost all gutters

were full of trash, especially plastic trash. The

gutters got clogged and made the rainwater drain

very slowly.

Bu Posma : That’s why you must always throw your trash into

the bin.

Word
drain: mengering rainwater: air hujan Box
rain heavily: hujan deras rubber boat: perahu karet
elderly people: orang tua soldiers: tentara
firefighters: petugas pemadam clogged: tersumbat
kebakaran
under water: terendam air
gutters: selokan/parit
according to: menurut

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Listen again to Audio 4.2 and complete the sentences in the next

page. See the Word Box.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru dapat mengulas kembali secara singkat mengenai Past Simple

tense dan penggunaannya dalam menggambarkan kegiatan lampau

(past activities).

Bahasa guru

“Do you still remember about sharing past activities? Which verb

262 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 form do we have to use when talking about past activities? We use

past tense forms. We use ‘went’ not ‘go’. We use ‘stayed’ not ‘stay’.

We use ‘visited’ not ‘visit’. In stories, we also use the same past tense

forms.”

2. Guru memperdengarkan kembali Audio 4.2. Guru meminta

peserta didik menyimak kembali percakapan pada audio ini, dan

menuliskan kata kerja yang benar dalam bentuk past tense.

Bahasa guru

“Now, listen again and read the dialogue part 2. Write past tense verbs

to complete the dialogue.”

3. Guru dapat membahas jawaban bersama peserta didik. Kosa kata

bantuan dapat dilihat di Word Box.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for us to discuss the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.5

1. According to the news, the flood hit Kota Amuntai after heavy rain.

2. It rained heavily for almost two hours.

3. In some areas, some houses were almost under water!

4. The news showed firefighters and soldiers working together to

rescue the people there. They put elderly people and young children

on rubber boats.

5. I really didn’t know about the flooded houses. I thought the

rainwater flooded only the streets. Did the flood last for long?

Chapter 4 | No Littering 263

 6. The news said at first it flooded only the streets. But, after an hour

the rainwater went up and quickly got into houses.

7. Rescuers found the next day that almost all gutters were full of

trash, especially plastic trash. The gutters got clogged and made the

rainwater drain very slowly.

Did You Know?

50% of all plastic is used only for just minutes and then thrown away.
Annually, approximately 500 billion plastic bags are used worldwide.
More than one million bags are used every minute. Less than 9% of all
plastic gets recycled.

Source:
https://plasticoceans.org/the-facts/

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru dapat menjelaskan dengan Bahasa Indonesia mengenai dampak-

dampak yang terjadi terkait pencemaran lingkungan oleh sampah

plastik. Guru juga dapat menyampaikan aksi-aksi yang dapat peserta

didik lakukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan plastik.

Aa Section 4 − Language Focus

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Asking for Details of Past Incident with Interrogative Questions

Before we can talk about a past incident or event, we must know

details of the incident. We can collect the details by asking questions

to the people. We can ask Interrogative (Yes/No) or Wh-Questions. In

264 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 this unit, we will focus on the Interrogative (Yes/No) questions.

One way to ask the ‘Yes/No’ questions for past incident details is to

use the auxiliary verb ‘Did’. The auxiliary is followed by a subject

and the base form of the main verb. The other way to ask the ‘Yes/

No’ questions is by using past tense to be: ‘was’ and ‘were’, when

there is no main verb in the questions. We use ‘was’ for ‘He, She, It,

and I’, while ‘were’ for ‘They, We and You’.

Look at the examples in the following table. They are taken from the

dialogue in Audio 2.1.

Table 4.1 Yes or no questions for past incidents

‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘was/

No.
‘Did’ were’
Was the river this dirty back
1. Did you swim in the river?
then?
Did people throw their Were there many children in
2.
trash into this river? the river?
In these examples, the past
In these examples, the auxiliary tense ‘to be’ ‘was’ and ‘were’
verb ‘did’ is used because there function as the main verb.
are the main verbs ‘swim’ and ‘The river’ represents ‘It’, and
‘throw’. ‘many children’ represents
‘They’

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menjelaskan language focus pada Unit 1. Bahasa Indonesia dapat

digunakan untuk membantu peserta didik memahami konsep ini.

Bahasa guru

Chapter 4 | No Littering 265

 “Today we will talk again about collecting details of a past incident by

asking questions. There are several types of questions in English, but in

this section we will focus on the Interrogative questions. These questions

use the past tense form of the auxiliary verb ‘Did’ with Verb 1.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Find the other ‘Yes/No’ questions from the second part of the

dialogue. Group the questions in the following table.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membaca kembali bagian kedua

dari dialog Galang dan keluarganya. Lalu, guru meminta peserta

didik untuk mengerjakan Worksheet 4.6.

Bahasa guru

“Please read again the second part of Galang and his family dialogue

on Audio 4.2. After that, please categorize the questions there into yes/

no questions with did or was/were and write the answer on Worksheet

4.6.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik mendiskusikan jawaban.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for us to discuss the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.6

No. ‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘Did’ ‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘was/were’

1. Did it rain for hours? Were many houses under water?

2. Did the flood last for long? Were the people there safe?

266 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. What happened last weekend? Make ‘Yes/No’ questions with the

Simple Past tense. Use ‘Did’ for numbers 1 to 5, and use ‘Was’ or

‘Were’ for numbers 6 to 10.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membuat pertanyaan dalam

bentuk ‘Did’ dan ‘Was/Were’ pada Worksheet 4.7.

Bahasa guru

“What happened last weekend? What did you do last weekend? Let’s

practice making Yes/No questions based on these words on Worksheet

4.7. Please make Yes/No questions using Did for numbers 1 to 5. Then,

use Was or Were for numbers 6 to 10.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik mendiskusikan jawabannya.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for us to discuss the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.7

1. Did you stay home?

2. Did you help your parents at home?

3. Did you play (any) games?

4. Did you clean your bedroom?

5. Did you go out with friends?

6. Was your best friend with you?

7. Were there many people in your house?

Chapter 4 | No Littering 267

 8. Were your brothers or sisters at home?

9. Were they nice to you?

10. Were you happy?

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. After you have finished, ask a classmate the questions and take

notes.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk bertanya kepada temannya

menggunakan pertanyaan pada Worksheet 4.7.

Bahasa guru

“Ask your friend with the questions you made on Worksheet 4.7. Please

write your answer in your own book.”

Section 5 − Fun Time: Cross the River

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Who crossed the river first? Ask a classmate or your teacher a

question related to the flashcard picture.

b. Follow the instructions.

1. Three students compete in this game.

2. Place three sets of flashcards (around 9) on the floor in a winding

manner.

3. Each card represents a stepping stone in a river.

268 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 4. Each card represents a picture.

5. To step on each stone, you must ask a ‘Yes/No’ question with ‘Did’

or past tense ‘to be’ correctly.

Example:

c) Did it rain last night? (Flashcard picture shows rainfall)

d) Were there many children in the river? (Flashcard picture

shows children playing and swimming in the river)

6. The first one who asks the question correctly steps on the stone.

7. Three cards are in red, meaning you answer the question that

your teacher asks based on the picture.

8. The first person crossing the river is the winner!

9. Here are the flashcards:

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menjelaskan instruksi permainan ‘Cross the River’.

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk melatih pertanyaan ‘Yes/No’

dengan ‘Did’ atau ‘Was/Were’ kembali.

Bahasa guru

“Now, we are going to play a game. The name is ‘Cross the River!’ In

this game you have to make or answer a ‘Yes/No’ question based on

the card you choose. Those who can make or answer the question

correctly can step on a card.”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 269

 Section 6 − Your Turn: Speaking

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Interview a classmate.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk melakukan wawancara.

Bahasa guru

“It’s time for you to do the interview with your friends.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Create up to 10 ‘Yes/No’ questions to ask questions about details of

a classmate’s past incident in a rainy season. You may use ‘Yes/No’

Questions with ‘Did’ and ‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘was/were’.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membuat 10 pertanyaan

menggunakan ‘Did’ atau ‘Yes/No’.

Bahasa guru

“Before you do your interview, I want you to answer 10 questions first.”

“The questions are about your past incident in a rainy season.”

“You may use ‘Yes/No’ Questions with ‘Did’ and ‘Yes/No’ Questions with

‘was/ were’.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Use the flowchart to ask your classmate.

270 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi untuk guru

1. Pada bagian ini, guru dapat mencontohkan terlebih dahulu beberapa

pertanyaan ‘Yes/No’ questions tersebut, kemudian peserta didik

melatihnya dengan membaca nyaring dan menjawab pertanyaan

tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“Alright, here in the book there is a flowchart consisting of ‘Yes/No’

questions about past incidents in a rainy season.”

For example, if the question is ‘Did it rain last night?’ then the answer

is either yes or no.”

You have to ask the following questions of what your friend’s answer

is.”

For example, if your friend answers yes, you can ask “were you at

home?”

“And if your friend answers no, you can ask ‘Did it rain in the

morning?’.”

2. Selanjutnya guru meminta peserta didiknya untuk berlatih secara

berpasangan menggunakan flowchart yang tersedia.

Bahasa guru

“Now, you are going to arrange your ‘Yes/No’ questions into a

flowchart like this.”

“Ask your friends the questions about their past incident, record their

answers by following the chart. After that you can retell the past

incident using the note in Part d.”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 271

 Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Retell your classmate’s past incident to your class. Use the following

note to speak about the incident and its details. The note is only to

guide you. You may use it or make changes.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk menyusun dan menceritakan

kembali hasil wawancara.

Bahasa guru

“After doing the interview, please write your friend’s answer on the table.

And then tell the class about it.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. Take turns. Now your classmate interviews you and will recount an

incident that happened to you. Follow the same procedure.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk bergantian melakukan

interview dan retelling sesuai dengan prosedur yang sama.

Bahasa guru

“Alright, now, please take turns.”

Section 7 − Enrichment

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Find a picture (or some related pictures) of a rather unfortunate

272 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 incident. The incident can be about a blackout that happened in a

whole city or about water that stopped running.

b. You can find the pictures of the incident in an online newspaper.

c. Use the pictures to recount the incident to your class.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan pengayaan bagi peserta didik

yang sudah mahir.

2. Peserta didik dapat menggunakan teknologi search engine pada

telepon pintar bila memungkinkan untuk mencari gambar-gambar

berita mati listrik atau mati air, sebagai contoh.

3. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk menggunakan gambar yang

mereka dapat dan pilih serta melaporkannya di depan kelas.

Bahasa guru

“In this section, I want you to retell an unfortunate incident that you

experienced in the past.”

“The incidents could be a power blackout or water that stopped

running in a city.”

“You can use the picture of your unfortunate incidents from Google

and retell it to the class.”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.8

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 273

 Unit 2. What Happened to the Sea Animals?

Section 1 − Say What You Know

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

1. Look at Picture 4.7. Draw a line to match the sea animals in the

pictures with their names.

2. What happened to the sea animals in the pictures?

3. How do you think it happened? You may use Indonesian.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru mengarahkan peserta didik untuk melihat Picture 4.7.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s have a look at the Picture 4.7.”

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengidentifikasi hal-hal yang

berkaitan dengan gambar tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“How many animals can you see in each picture? “Where are they?”

3. Kemudian, guru dapat mengajak peserta didik untuk menjodohkan

nama hewan laut dengan gambarnya di Picture 4.7.

Bahasa guru

“Now, it’s time for you to match the name of sea animals with its

picture on Picture 4.7.”

274 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
4. Guru berdiskusi dengan peserta didik membahas apa yang terjadi

dengan hewan-hewan laut tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“How do you think it happened? You may use Indonesian, but try to

use English.”

Section 2 − Reading

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Read the following dialogue between Andre, Monita, and Galang.

Galang : Hi Monita, what’s going on?

Monita : Oh, hi Galang. Hi Andre. I’m well, thanks. Where

have you two been?

Galang : Around. We saw you sitting by yourself, looking at

your phone so seriously.

Andre : What did you look at? Was it something interesting?

Monita : Oh, I just watched a YuTub video about plastic in

the oceans.

Andre : How much plastic was there in the oceans?

Monita : The video showed a lot of plastic trash in the

oceans.

Andre : How did it happen?

Monita : It said people used a lot of plastic and didn’t really

reuse or recycle it.

Galang : Also, a lot of people litter

Chapter 4 | No Littering 275

 Monita : True, in the end the plastic trash found its way to

the oceans. It’s bad for the oceans and the animals

there.

Andre : What did the plastic trash do to the sea animals?

Monita : Many sea animals like dolphins or sea lions ate the

plastic or became entangled in plastic.

Andre : It just made me remember about a team of

scientists rescuing a sea turtle.

Monita : What happened to the sea turtle?

Andre : I’ll just give you the link to the YuTub video. It’s so

tragic!

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik membaca dan menyimak percakapan

antara Galang, Andre, dan Monita.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s read and understand the dialogue between Galang and his

friends, Andre, and Monita. They are talking about a YuTub video that

shows plastic in the oceans and its dangers.”

2. Guru membahas isi percakapan bersama peserta didik dengan

menekankan pada kata-kata kunci terutama action verbs in past

tense.

276 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Complete the following table based on the previous dialogue

between Andre, Monita, and Galang.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik menjawab pertanyaan pada Worksheet

4.9 berdasarkan percakapan tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“You can see that there is a table after the dialogue. Answer the

questions about who said the statement based on the dialogue.”

2. Guru dapat membahas jawaban bersama peserta didik.

Bahasa guru

“Alright, now who said or ask that there was a lot of plastic trash in

the oceans according to a video on YuTub?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.9

1. Monita said that.

2. Andre asked that.

3. Galang said that.

4. Monita said that.

5. Monita asked that.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Can you tell the types of plastic items that troubled the sea turtles in

the following pictures? You may use Indonesian.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 277

 Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru mengarahkan peserta didik untuk melihat gambar 4.9.

Bahasa guru

“Now Let’s have a look at Picture 4.9.”

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengidentifikasi hal-hal yang

berkaitan dengan gambar tersebut seperti bertanya

Bahasa guru

“How many types of animals can you see in each picture?”

“Are they the same animals?”

3. Guru berdiskusi dengan peserta didik membahas apa yang terjadi

dengan kura-kura laut tersebut di setiap gambar.

Bahasa guru

“What happens to the turtles?”

“Yes, a plastic bag is stuck on its head, a fishing net wrapped around

its body and a plastic straw is stuck in its nose.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. Circle one of the pictures that shows what happened to the turtle

in the YuTub video.

Section 3 − Reading

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Look at Picture 4.10 and answer the questions. You may use

278 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Indonesian.

1. Why did both turtles look sad?

2. Why did one turtle bring a sign ‘No More Plastic’?

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru mengarahkan peserta didik untuk melihat Gambar 4.10.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s have a look at Picture 4.10.”

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mendiskusikan hal-hal yang

berkaitan dengan Gambar 4.10.

Bahasa guru

“Why did both turtles look sad?”

“Why did one turtle bring a sign ‘No More Plastic’?”

“What are the things that stuck in the turtle?”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Read a story of scientists rescuing the sea turtle. See the Word Box.

Word
bleed (base form)/bleeding (present participle form): berdarah Box
extract (base form)/extracted (past form): menarik, mencabut
notice (base form)/noticed (past form): melihat
record (base form)/recorded (past form): merekam
nostril: lubang hidung brownish: kecoklatan
parasite: parasit viral: tersebar
plastic straw: sedotan plastik wrinkled: berkerut
pliers: tang initially: awalnya/mulanya
attached: melekat

Chapter 4 | No Littering 279

 A team of scientists from Texas University helped an injured sea turtle
when they sailed in the ocean near Costa Rica.
The scientists were collecting data on sea turtles when they saw the
injured turtle. They noticed something in the nose of the turtle when
it was swimming near their boat. But, they initially thought it was
only a worm.
The scientists were curious. They caught the turtle to examine the
object in the turtle’s nose. They wanted to make sure it was not a
dangerous parasite. They extracted a couple of centimeters of the
object with pliers. The object came out. It was wrinkled and brownish.
It was a plastic drinking straw!
The scientists removed the object immediately because they were far
away in the ocean. They spent almost ten minutes pulling it from the
nostril of a sea turtle. With great difficulty, they succeeded in pulling
the straw out of the turtle’s nostril. The nostril was bleeding, but the
turtle was safe.
The straw incident proved how dangerous plastic was to animals in
the oceans.

Adapted from:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/150817-sea-turtles-olive-ridley-
marine-debris-ocean-animals-science

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru dan peserta didik membaca teks bersama. Guru membantu

peserta didik memahami isi cerita dan memahami cara membuat

sebuah cerita. Sebelum membaca teks bersama peserta didik, guru

memberi tinjauan tentang isi teks (cerita).

2. Guru membacakan teks per kalimat dan diikuti oleh peserta didik.

Lalu, membahas apa yang diceritakan dalam teks. Bahasa Indonesia

dapat dipakai, namun untuk kepentingan menguasai Bahasa Inggris.

280 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
3. Guru membaca teks per kalimat diikuti peserta didik. Guru dan

peserta didik membahas kata-kata kunci pada setiap kalimat dan

meminta peserta didik untuk menggarisbawahi kata-kata kunci.

Bahasa guru

“This is a story of a group of scientists who rescued a sea turtle. The

sea turtle was injured. A plastic straw was stuck in its nose.”

“I will read the text for you.”

“Now, I will read the text per sentence. Repeat after me.”

“Now, let’s look at the first sentence again.”

“The first sentence tells us that a group of scientists rescued a sea

turtle.”

“Can you find the words that tell where they rescued the sea turtle?”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Which statements are true according to the story? Number one has

been done for you.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengerjakan Worksheet 4.10

dengan cara menganalisis apakah pernyataan yang tertera benar

atau salah sesuai dengan cerita sebelumnya.

Bahasa guru

“After you read the text, now it’s time for you to answer the Worksheet

4.10. In this Worksheet, you have to decide whether the statement is

true or false.“

Chapter 4 | No Littering 281

 2. Guru dan peserta didik membahas jawabannya bersama-sama.

Bahasa guru

“Have you done it? Let’s check the answer. Who wants to go first?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.10

1. True

2. False

3. False

4. False

5. False

6. False

7. True

8. True

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. Answer the questions based on the story.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengerjakan Worksheet 4.11.

Bahasa guru

“Still about the story you have read, now please do the Worksheet

4.11. Answer all the questions based on the story.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik membahas jawaban bersama-sama.

Bahasa guru

“Have you done it? Let’s check the answer. Who wants to go first?”

282 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Jawaban Worksheet 4.11

1. The best title is rescuing an injured sea turtle.

2. The group sailed in the ocean near Costa Rica.

3. They wanted to collect data on sea turtles.

4. They knew the turtle was injured when it was swimming near their

boat.

5. They decided to remove the plastic in the ocean.

Did You Know?

1. Every minute, two trucks of plastic are dumped into our oceans.
2. Plastic straws contribute to 5.25 trillion pieces of trash pollution in
the oceans.
3. Over 1 million sea animals are killed each year due to plastic
pollution in the oceans.

Source:
https://www.earthday.org/fact-sheet-plastics-in-the-ocean/

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru dapat menjelaskan penyebab dan akibat yang terjadi terkait

pencemaran di lautan oleh sampah plastik dengan Bahasa Indonesia.

Guru mengingatkan aksi-aksi yang dapat peserta didik lakukan untuk

mengurangi penggunaan plastik dan menyelamatkan hewan-hewan

yang hidup di laut.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 283

 Aa
Section 4 − Language Focus

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Asking for Details of Past Incident with Wh-Questions

Another way to ask for details of a past incident is by using Wh-Questions.

In this section we focus on five Wh-Questions. They are:

1. What (to ask for details about something);

2. When (to ask for details about time);

3. Where (to ask for details about place);

4. Why (to ask for a reason); and

5. How (to ask for details about the way something happens or the way

something is done).

The following Wh-Questions come with the auxiliary verb ‘did’. These

questions are from the previous dialogue between Andre, Monita, and

Galang in Task a.

• What did the plastic trash do to the sea animals?

• How did it happen?

In those Wh-Questions, ‘did’ comes with a base form of the main verbs,

such as ‘do’, ‘come’ and ‘happen’ must be used. Do you know the past

tense forms of ‘do’, ‘come’ and ‘happen’?

The other way to ask for details of a past incident with Wh-Questions is

using ‘to be’ in its past forms ‘was’ and ‘were’. The following Wh-Question

is also from the previous dialogue.

284 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
• How much plastic was there in the oceans?

Do you know why ‘was’ is used?

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menjelaskan language focus pada Unit 2. Bahasa Indonesia dapat

digunakan untuk membantu peserta didik memahami konsep ini.

Bahasa guru

“Today we will talk again about collecting details of a past incident by

asking questions.”

“There are several types of questions in English. In this section we will

focus on the Wh- questions.”

“These questions also use the past tense form of the auxiliary verb ‘Did’

with Verb 1.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Complete the following Wh-Questions with: (1) a subject (in bold)

and (2) a base form of the verb (underlined) to answer the italicized

phrases in the answers column.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk mengerjakan

Worksheet 4.12 dengan cara mengisi pertanyaan rumpang sesuai

dengan jawaban yang sudah disediakan.

Bahasa guru

“Now, please complete the questions in Worksheet 4.12 with a subject

(in bold) and a base form of the verb (underlined) to answer the

Chapter 4 | No Littering 285

 italicized phrases in the answers column.”

2. Guru serta peserta didik membahas jawaban Worksheet 4.12.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers. What is the complete question of number

one?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.12

1. they see

2. they notice

3. they think

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Complete the following questions with (1) a correct Wh-Question,

(2) a subject (in bold) and (3) a base form of the verb (underlined) to

answer the italicized phrases in the answers column.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk mengerjakan

Worksheet 4.13 dengan cara mengisi pertanyaan rumpang sesuai

dengan jawaban yang sudah disediakan.

Bahasa guru

“Now, similar to the previous activity, please complete the questions

in Worksheet 4.13 with a subject (in bold) and a base form of the verb

(underlined) to answer the italicized phrases in the answers column.

The difference is you have to also add the correct Wh-Question.”

286 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
2. Guru serta peserta didik membahas jawaban Worksheet 4.13.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers. What is the complete question of number

one?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.13

1. What - the scientists catch

2. Why - they catch

3. How - they make

4. What - they use

5. How - they spend

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Complete the following questions with (1) a correct Wh-Question,

(2) a subject (in bold) and (3) a base form of the verb (underlined) to

answer the italicized phrases in the answers column.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk mengerjakan

Worksheet 4.14 dengan cara mengisi pertanyaan rumpang sesuai

dengan jawaban yang sudah disediakan.

Bahasa guru

“Now, as you have worked with completing questions in the previous

worksheets, please do the same with this one.”

2. Guru serta peserta didik membahas jawaban Worksheet 4.14.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 287

 Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers. What is the complete question of number

one?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.14

1. What did they do.

2. Why did they remove.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. Complete each of the following questions with (1) a correct

Wh-Question, (2) a subject (in bold) and (3) a base form of the verb

(underlined) in the answers.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk mengerjakan

Worksheet 4.15 dengan cara mengisi pertanyaan rumpang sesuai

dengan jawaban yang sudah disediakan.

Bahasa guru

“Now, I believe you can make a full question based on its answer.

Please do the same in Worksheet 4.15.”

2. Guru serta peserta didik membahas jawaban Worksheet 4.15.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers.”

“What is the complete question of number one?”

288 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Worksheet 4.15

1. What was the object.

2. What was.

3. The team of scientists do/collect.

Section 5 − Your Turn: Reading

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Look at Picture 4.12 and answer the questions. Discuss the answer

with your classmates.

1. Why did the swimmer in the first picture look angry?

2. What do you think is on the man’s head in the second picture?

Why is it on his head?

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk melihat Gambar 4.12 dan meminta

peserta didik untuk menjawab beberapa pertanyaan terkait gambar

tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s take a look at Picture 4.12.”

“Why did the swimmer in the first picture look angry?”

“What do you think is on the man’s head in the second picture?”

“Why is it on his head?”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 289

 Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Read a story about anti-littering campaigns in Australia. See the

Word Box.

Word
approve (base form)/approved (past form): menyetujui Box
drive (base form)/drove (past form): mendorong
invest (base form)/invested (past form): menginvestasikan
reduce (base form)/reduced (past form): mengurangi
association: keterkaitan/hubungan
behavior change: perubahan perilaku
campaigns: kampanye
community groups: kelompok-kelompok masyarakat
effectiveness: efektivitas
evolution: evolusi/perkembangan
government departments: departemen pemerintahan
local councils: pemerintahan daerah
prevention: pencegahan
strength: kekuatan
tosser: pembuang sampah sembarangan
anti-littering: anti membuang sampah sembarangan
clear: jelas
core: pokok/inti

The Tosser! anti-littering campaigns started in 2014 as part of the Litter

Prevention Strategy in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.

The NSW government invested over $17 million to promote the anti-

littering campaigns on TV, radio, outdoor billboards or online. The

Tosser! campaigns helped reduce litter in NSW from 2014 to 2020 by

43% compared to 19% nationally. Other government departments, local

290 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
councils, business partners, and community groups across NSW also

used the Tosser! creative materials. This showed the strength of the

message and the campaign’s effectiveness.

The latest evolution of the campaign was Don’t be a Tosser!. The Don’t

be a Tosser! campaign was well-liked, and there was a clear association

between ‘Tosser’ and littering. It was a success because it drove positive

behavior change. 95% of the community approved of the “Don’t be a

Tosser! If it’s not in the bin, it’s on you” message.

Don’t be a Tosser! focused on the core action to ‘put your rubbish in

the bin’.

Adapted from:
https://www.dontbeatosser.epa.nsw.gov.au/dont-be-tosser-campaign-put-your-rubbish-bin-dont-be-
tosser

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru dan peserta didik membaca teks bersama. Guru membantu peserta

didik memahami isi cerita dan memahami cara membuat sebuah cerita.

Sebelum membaca teks bersama peserta didik, guru memberi tinjauan

tentang isi teks (cerita). Alternatif membaca teks bersama:

• Guru membacakan teks per kalimat dan diikuti oleh peserta didik.

Lalu, membahas apa yang diceritakan dalam teks. Bahasa Indonesia

dapat dipakai, namun untuk kepentingan menguasai Bahasa Inggris.

• Guru membaca teks per kalimat dan diikuti peserta didik. Guru dan

peserta didik membahas kata-kata kunci pada setiap kalimat dan

meminta peserta didik untuk menggarisbawahi kata-kata kunci.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 291

 Bahasa guru

“This is a story of anti littering campaigns in New South Wales. New South

Wales is a state in Australia.”

“The campaigns use creative materials or pictures to show people that

throwing garbage must be in the garbage bin!”

“I will read the text for you.”

“Now, I will read the text per sentence. Repeat after me.”

“Now, let’s look at the first sentence again.”

“The first sentence tells us the year when the campaigns first started.”

“Can you find the year that tells when the campaigns started?”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Answer the questions in the following table based on the story and

Picture 4.12.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan

pada Worksheet 4.16.

Bahasa guru

“Now, answer the questions on Worksheet 4.16.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik membahas jawaban bersama-sama.

Bahasa guru

“Have you done it? Let’s check the answer.”

“Who wants to go first?”

292 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Jawaban Worksheet 4.16

1. The campaigns started in 2014.

2. The NSW government invested over $17 million in the campaigns.

3. The campaigns helped reduce litter in NSW by using creative

materials.

4. The NSW government changed the campaigns to Don’t be a Tosser!

because it drove positive behavior change.

5. The posters were effective because 95% of the community approved

of the message.

6. The best title for this story would be Anti-Littering Campaigns.

Section 6 − Fun Time

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Let’s Race with the Questions

a. Make Wh-Questions based on words or phrases written on answer

cards.

b. Follow the instructions.

1. Four or five groups of six students compete in this race.

2. Each player is given a question card and each group is given one

set of shuffled answer cards in an envelope.

3. One student takes an answer card from the envelope and reads

it aloud.

4. The players in the group then race to make a past simple

Chapter 4 | No Littering 293

 Wh-Question using a question word from their card to elicit the

word or phrase read out.

5. The first player to do this correctly takes the answer card and

crosses off the question word on their card.

For example, if ‘pizza’ is read out, a player could use the question

word ‘What’ from their card and make the question ‘What did

you eat for dinner?’

6. If two players ask a question at the same time, the other players

decide which question is the best in terms of grammatical

correctness or inventiveness.

7. Then, it’s the next student’s turn to take an answer card and read

it aloud.

8. When a player has crossed off a question word, they cannot use

that question word again.

9. The first player to cross off all their question words wins the

game.

Source:
https://www.teach-this.com/images/resources/past-simple-wh-question-time.pdf

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menjelaskan instruksi permainan ‘Let’s Race with the Questions’.

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk melatih membuat pertanyaan

dengan ‘Wh-Questions’ dengan ‘Did’ atau ‘Was/Were’ kembali.

Bahasa guru

294 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
“Now, we are going to play a game. The name is ‘Let’s Race with the

Questions’! In this game you have to make or answer a Wh-Question

based on the card you choose. Those who can make or answer the question

grammatically correct can cross off the question word on their card.”

Section 7 − Enrichment

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Have a look at public service posters in Picture 4.13. They contain

messages to raise public awareness and change behavior.

b. Observe the use of verbal messages and images in each poster.

Discuss with a classmate how the combination of verbal texts and

images convey the message.

c. Work with a classmate and create a poster that raises public

awareness of plastic pollution.

d. Present the poster to your class. Or, post your poster in your school’s

social media.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan pengayaan bagi peserta didik

yang sudah mahir.

2. Peserta didik berdiskusi berpasangan membahas makna dan

keefektifan pesan yang terdapat pada setiap poster contoh.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 295

 3. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk menciptakan atau menggambar

poster dengan pesan yang sama mengenai bahaya sampah plastik.

4. Poster yang telah selesai dapat dipresentasikan di depan kelas.

Bahasa guru

“In this section, please observe the Picture 4.13 first.

“Please observe the use of verbal messages and images on each

poster.”

“After that, please work with a classmate and create a poster that

raises public awareness of plastic pollution.”

“Present your own poster to your class or post it on your school’s

social media.”

296 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Unit 3. You Can Help

Section 1 − Say What You Know

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Read the Following Poem. Then, discuss it with your classmates. You

may use Indonesian.

Buy it, try it, throw the trash away!

Take it, break it, throw the trash away!

Get it, use it, finish it, lose it.

Wear it, tear it, throw the trash away!

Soda pop, box top, once you start you can’t stop.

Buy it, show it, nothing left but to throw it!

Throw the trash away! (Oh, no—where is “away”?)

Written by Betty Miles, Save the Earth Ecology Handbook for Kids, 1974.

1. What is the poem about?

2. Can you help with the problem of plastic pollution? How?

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru mengarahkan peserta didik untuk membaca puisi karya Betty

Miles.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s have a look at the poem written by Betty Miles.”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 297

 2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengidentifikasi kata-kata kunci

yang ada pada puisi tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“What are the action words you can find in the poem?”

“What is the poem about?”

3. Guru dapat mengajak peserta didik untuk mendiskusikan

pertanyaan nomor dua tentang apa yang dapat dilakukan untuk

mengatasi masalah yang berkaitan dengan sampah plastik.

Bahasa guru

“Can you help with the problem of plastic pollution?”

“How can you help it?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.17

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Section 2 − Reading

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Look at Picture 4.14 and discuss the following questions with a

friend. You may use Indonesian.

1. What did the people in the pictures decide to do?

2. Who mainly showed up to help collect the trash in the pictures?

3. What kind of trash did they mostly pick up?

298 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 4. Do you think many people realize the dangers of plastic to the

environment?

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru mengarahkan peserta didik untuk melihat Picture 4.14.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s have a look at Picture 4.14.”

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mendiskusikan hal-hal yang

berkaitan dengan Picture 4.14 tersebut.

Jawaban Worksheet 4.18

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Read a story of two teenagers who fought to clean up Bali from

plastic trash. See the Word Box.

Word
come out (base form)/came out (past form): datang
Box
clean up (base form)/cleaned up (past form): membersihkan
collect (base form)/collected (past form): mengumpulkan
decide (base form)/decided (past form): memutuskan
pick up (base form)/picked up (past form): memungut
realize (base form)/realized (past form): menyadari
show up (base form)/showed up (past form): datang
acclaim: pengakuan
annual: tiap tahun
contributor: penyumbang
flatbed truck: mobil pickup

Chapter 4 | No Littering 299

 megaphones: alat pengeras suara
movement: gerakan
reality: kenyataan
teenage years: masa remaja
urgency: urgensi
volunteers: sukarelawan
growing: yang semakin bertambah
tirelessly: tanpa lelah

Melati and Isabel Wijsen live in Bali. They spent their teenage
years cleaning up the island from plastic.

Melati and Isabel were only 12 and 10 years old when they
decided to tackle plastic pollution. They found plastic everywhere
in their everyday lives. They saw it when they walked to the rice
fields or when they went to the beaches. They were aware of this
growing problem with plastic in places it should not be. They felt
the urgency to protect the environment and the natural world.

The sisters began a movement, ‘an annual island clean up’. The
movement was for everyone in Bali. Early on a Sunday morning
they carried megaphones and stood on the back of a flatbed truck.
Thousands of children and teenagers with their parents came out
to help. Volunteers from local restaurants and hotels also showed
up. They collected trash at 115 places around the island. They
picked up plastic trash on the beaches, the rivers and the streets.

The two sisters became local heroes, and they won international
acclaim for their awareness campaign.

Adapted from:
https://www.onegreenplanet.org/environment/two-teenagers-who-convinced-bali-
to-ban-plastic-bags/
https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/bye-bye-plastic-bags-
indonesia-environmental-island-clean-up-a9605651.html

300 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi untuk guru

Guru dan peserta didik membaca teks bersama. Guru membantu peserta

didik memahami isi cerita dan memahami cara membuat sebuah cerita.

Sebelum membaca teks bersama peserta didik, guru memberi tinjauan

tentang isi teks (cerita). Alternatif membaca teks bersama:

• Guru membacakan teks per kalimat dan diikuti oleh peserta didik.

Lalu, membahas apa yang diceritakan dalam teks. Bahasa Indonesia

dapat dipakai, namun untuk kepentingan menguasai Bahasa Inggris.

• Guru membaca teks per kalimat dan diikuti peserta didik. Guru dan

peserta didik membahas kata-kata kunci pada setiap kalimat dan

meminta peserta didik untuk menggarisbawahi kata-kata kunci.

Bahasa guru

“This is a story of two sisters who have helped to clean up the place where

they live from plastic waste.”

“I will read the text for you.”

“Now, I will read the text per sentence. Repeat after me.”

“Now, let’s look at the first sentence again.”

“The first sentence tells us where the two sisters live.”

“Can you find the name of the place where they live?”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Answer the questions in the following table based on the story and

Picture 4.14.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 301

 Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk mengerjakan Worksheet 4.19.

Bahasa guru

“After you read the text about Melati and Isabel, it’s time for you

to work on Worksheet 4.19. Please answer it based on the text and

picture 4.14.”

2. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membahas jawaban pada

Worksheet 4.19.

Bahasa guru

“Have you done it? It’s time for us to discuss the answers. Who wants

to answer the first number?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.19

1. Melati and Isabel spent their teenage years helping clean up Bali

from plastic waste.

2. The two sisters decided to help clean up Bali because they wanted to

protect the environment and the natural world.

3. They carried megaphones and stood on the back of a flatbed truck

early on Sunday morning.

4. Children and teenagers mostly joined the sisters in cleaning up the

island.

5. They did the island clean up movement on the beaches, the rivers

and the streets.

302 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi untuk guru

Guru dapat menjelaskan bagian ini dengan bahasa Indonesia

bahwa peserta didik dapat berperan serta dalam mengurangi dan

menanggulangi masalah-masalah lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh

penggunaan plastik yang berlebihan. Gerakan yang dimulai dan

dilakukan oleh dua kakak beradik, Melati dan Isabel, adalah satu contoh

nyata bahwa remaja juga dapat melakukan aksi-aksi nyata untuk

membersihkan lingkungan tempat tinggal.

Did You Know?

1. Movements to save the earth from plastic trash have been happening
in all corners of the world.
2. One notable cleanup movement was organized by two teenagers who
are sisters, Melati and Isabel Wijsen in Bali, Indonesia.
3. With the ‘Bye Bye Plastic Bags’ campaign the sisters have managed to
convince Bali to ban plastic bags by 2018.
4. Click this link: http://www.byebyeplasticbags.org to support their
cause.

Source:
https://endplasticwaste.org/en/our-stories/the-clean-up-movement
https://www.onegreenplanet.org/environment/two-teenagers-who-convinced-bali-
to-ban-plastic-bags/

Aa Section 3 − Language Focus

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Sequencing a series of past incidents or events with ‘when’

Oftentimes, the past incident we would like to report on consists of

two or more events. To organize those events logically, we can use

Chapter 4 | No Littering 303

 ‘when’. We select two events that happened at or around the same

time and sequence them with ‘when’. Have a look at the following

examples taken from the previous reading texts.

1. A team of scientists from Texas University helped an injured sea turtle

when they sailed in the ocean near Costa Rica.

2. The scientists were collecting data on sea turtles when they saw the

injured turtle.

3. Melati and Isabel were only 12 and 10 years old when they decided to

tackle plastic pollution.

4. They saw it when they walked to the rice fields or when they went to

the beaches.

If you use ‘when’ in the first part of the sentence, use a comma before

the second part. Have a look at the following examples.

1. When a team of scientists from Texas University sailed in the ocean

near Costa Rica, they helped an injured sea turtle.

2. When Melati and Isabel decided to tackle plastic pollution, they were

only 12 and 10 years old.

Can you do the same with examples numbers 3 and 4?

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menjelaskan language focus pada Unit 3. Bahasa Indonesia

dapat digunakan untuk membantu peserta didik memahami konsep

ini.

304 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Bahasa guru

“Today we will talk again about sequencing several events that

happened in the past. This is very useful because we want to make the

events easy to understand. In this unit, we will focus on using ‘when’ to

sequence two past incidents or events that happened at the same time

or almost at the same time. Remember we still use the Past Simple

tense for writing the past events. Let’s have a look at the examples.”

2. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk mengubah contoh

kalimat ketiga dan keempat dengan menuliskan “when” diawal

kalimat.

Bahasa guru

“If you use ‘when’ in the first part of the sentence, use a comma before

the second part. Have a look at the first and the second sentences.”

“Now, please do the same with the third and the fourth sentences.”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.20

3. When Melati and Isabel decided to tackle plastic pollution, they

were only 12 and 10 years old.

4. When they walked to the rice fields or when they went to the

beaches, they saw it.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Sequence the following sets of series of events with ‘when’. Use

‘when’ both in the first part and the second part of the sentences.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 305

 Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru menginstruksikan peserta didik untuk merangkai dua kalimat

pada setiap point menjadi satu kalimat dengan menggunakan kata

“when”.

Bahasa guru

“Alright, now you have learned about how to sequence two sentences

by using the word when.”

“Now please sequence the sentences in worksheet 4.21.”

2. Guru serta peserta didik membahas jawaban worksheet 4.21.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers.”

“Who wants to try number one?”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.21

1. Melati and Isabel saw some plastic bottles and bags when they went

hiking to Mount Batur with their parents.

When Melati and Isabel went hiking to Mount Batur with their

parents, they saw some plastic bottles and bags along the way.

2. A team of scientists sailed in the ocean near Costa Rica when they

saw an injured sea turtle.

When a team of scientists sailed in the ocean near Costa Rica, they

saw an injured sea turtle.

306 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
3. The scientists found a wrinkled and brownish plastic straw when

the object came out.

When the object came out, the scientists found a wrinkled and

brownish plastic straw.

4. Melati and her sister called for help to pick up the trash when a

storm washed up tons of plastic trash onto Kuta Beach.

When a storm washed up tons of plastic trash onto Kuta Beach,

Melati and her sister called for help to pick up the trash

5. The Tosser! campaigns helped reduce litter in NSW from 2014 to

2020 when other government departments across NSW used the

campaign.

When other government departments across NSW used the

campaign, the Tosser! campaigns helped reduce litter in NSW from

2014 to 2020.

Section 4 − Reading

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

You have read texts about rescuing a sea turtle, anti-littering campaigns,

and a clean-up awareness campaign in Bali. They are factual stories.

There are facts about them. These stories are called factual recounts. The

stories are based on a series of fact-based events or incidents. Usually, a

Chapter 4 | No Littering 307

 factual recount ends in an evaluation or emotional response as the final

comment on the events.

a. The following table shows you how the first two stories end.

• Can you tell how the last story ends?

• Tick the best column indicating how the last story ends.

Table 4.2 How stories ends

How the Story Ends

(Comment)

Story Title Story Ending Emotional

Evaluation
Response to
of the Event/
the Event/
Incident
Incident

Scientists The straw incident proved

Rescuing a Sea how dangerous plastic was
Turtle to animals in the oceans.

Anti-Littering Don't be a Tosser! focused

Campaigns in on the core action to 'put
Australia your rubbish in the bin'.

Two teenagers’
The two sisters became
Clean-up
local heroes, and they won
Awareness
international acclaim for
Campaign in
their awareness campaign.
Bali

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menjelaskan bahwa cerita yang telah disimak dan dibaca dalam

Chapter 4 ini yang berjudul ‘Rescuing a Sea Turtle’, ‘Two teenagers

and Plastic Trash in Bali’, and ‘Anti-Littering Campaign in Australia’

adalah laporan peristiwa yang benar-benar terjadi. Laporan peristiwa

faktual ini termasuk ke dalam genre factual recount. Factual recount

mengandung rangkaian peristiwa atau kejadian yang telah terjadi, dan

308 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
berakhir dengan evaluasi atau respon emosional sebagai komentar

terakhir penulis mengenai peristiwa tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“Now you have read the stories entitled ‘Rescuing a Sea Turtle’, ‘Two

teenangers and Plastic Trash in Bali’, and ‘Anti-Littering Campaign in

Australia’. These stories are factual and we call it a factual recount. The

aim of a factual recount text is to report on factual events. It contains a

series of fact-based events or incidents, and they end in an evaluation or

emotional response as the final comment on the events.”

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Look at the elements of a factual recount in the following table. They

are taken from the story of a group of scientists rescuing an injured

sea turtle.

Table 4.3 Elements of a story

Orientation Records of Events Comment

Recounting what happened in
Introducing chronological steps Giving an
the when, evaluation
where, who, or
why and/or Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 emotional
how in the response to
story the event

Who: a team They saw They caught The scientists The straw
of scientists. an injured the sea turtle removed the incident
When and sea turtle to examine plastic straw proved how
where: when swimming it. from the dangerous
they sailed near their turtle’s nose plastic was
in the ocean boat. and saved it. to animals in
near Costa the oceans.
Rica.

Adapted from Derewianka & Jones, 2016

Chapter 4 | No Littering 309

 Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik mengamati salah satu elemen factual

recount text: the story ending. Contoh yang ditampilkan diambil dari

‘Rescuing a Sea Turtle’ dan ‘Anti-littering Campaigns in Australia’.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s see Table 4.2.”

“This table is about how a factual recount text can end.”

“As you can see here, there are two ways the text ends either by

evaluating or by giving an emotional response to the event (incident).”

2. Guru dan peserta didik membahas elemen-elemen lainnya dalam

sebuah factual recount text.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s see the other elements of a factual recount in Table 4.2.”

“In the ‘rescuing a sea turtle’ story, the place, time, reason, and actors

were mentioned in the orientation part. Then, it is followed by records

of events or incidents.”

“This record of events is ordered based on the time each event

happened.”

“In the ‘rescuing a sea turtle’ story, there are three series of events, as

you can see in the table. All of these events are recorded based on the

time they happened.”

“The factual recount text then is concluded with a comment, which, as

we discussed before, can be an evaluation or an emotional response

to the event/incident.”

310 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. With a classmate, complete the following table with the elements of

the story of two teenagers raising people’s awareness of cleaning up

Bali from plastic.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik mengidentifikasi elemen pada factual

recount text ‘The Two Teenagers in Bali and Plastic Trash’.

Bahasa guru

“Alright, let’s identify the elements of the other factual recount text

that is about the two teenagers who helped to clean up Bali from

plastic trash.”

2. Guru dan peserta didik membahas hasil identifikasi peserta didik.

Bahasa guru

“Let’s discuss the answers.”

“Who wants to answer the orientation part?”

“Well done, you are right. The answer is ....”

“How about ‘the records of events’ part?”

“Who wants to tell the answer?”

“Alright, you have learned how to identify the elements of the factual

text. Good job!”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 311

 Jawaban Worksheet 4.22
Orientation Records of Events Comment
Recounting what happened in
chronological steps
Introducing the Giving an
when, where, evaluation
who, why and/or or emotional
how in the story Event 1 Event 2 response to the
event

Who: Decided to tackle Began a The two sisters

plastic pollution. movement. became local
Melati and
heroes and won
Isabel Wijsen
international
Found plastic Collected trash acclaim for
everywhere. with volunteers their clean-
Where:
on the beaches, up awareness
In Bali rivers and campaign.
Were aware of streets.
the plastic waste
How: problem.
Spent teenage
years working
tirelessly to clean
up the island.

Section 5 − Viewing

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. The following fact cards contain pieces of the ‘Bye Bye Plastic Bags’

campaign. Work in a group. Select which pieces of the movement go

to every element of the factual recount, including the Orientation,

and the Records of Events 1 and 2.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru menjelaskan kegiatan yang harus dilakukan oleh peserta didik

dalam section ini. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membuat

312 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
kelompok. Lalu, peserta didik diminta untuk mengerjakan Worksheet

4.23.

Bahasa guru

“Now, please work in a group. Today, please select which pieces of the

movement go to every element of the factual recount, including the

Orientation, and the Records of Events 1 and 2.”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.23

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

b. Decide how you are going to introduce the topic of the event/incident

(the Orientation). Complete the following table.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk membuat a factual recount text yang

mengikuti struktur text ‘Rescuing a Sea Turtle’, ‘Two teenagers and

Plastic Trash in Bali’, and ‘Anti-Littering Campaign in Australia’ tetapi

dengan mengganti bagian orientasi dan record of events.

Bahasa guru

“Today, you should plan a factual recount text that is similar to the other

texts. The text is based on a factual ‘Bye Bye Plastic Bags’ campaign.”

“Before you write the text, you should decide the orientation.”

“Please write it on Worksheet 4.24.”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 313

 Jawaban Worksheet 4.24

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

c. Write the series of events. Make sure they happen based on the time

they happened (chronological steps). Complete the following table.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk merancang bagian record of events

dari teks recount mereka.

Bahasa guru

“Now, think about how many events you would like to record.”

“You can use Table 4.3 to help you with records of events.”

“After that, please think about how the event or incident ends as the final

comment.”

“After you have finished, you may write the whole text in Section 7.”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.25

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

d. Think of a final comment of the event. The comment can be an

evaluation or an emotional response to the event as a whole.

Complete the sentence in the following table.

314 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik untuk merancang bagian comments dari

teks recount mereka.

Bahasa guru

“Now, as the last part, please think about how the event or incident ends

as the final comment.”

“After you have finished, you may write the whole text in Section 6.”

Jawaban Worksheet 4.26

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Section 6 − Your Turn: Writing

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Recount the ‘Bye Bye Plastic Bags Movement’ based on the information

in Section 5.

Instruksi untuk guru

Guru meminta peserta didik menceritakan kembali the ‘Bye Bye Plastics

Movement’ berdasarkan informasi yang terdapat pada Section 5.

Bahasa guru

“In the last activity we have planned to make a factual recount regarding

the Bye Bye Plastics Movement. Now, please, recount the movement based

on the information you got in Section 5.”

Chapter 4 | No Littering 315

 Jawaban Worksheet 4.27

Jawaban apapun yang diberikan peserta didik dapat diterima selama

masih sesuai dengan materi yang disampaikan.

Section 7 − Enrichment

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

a. Share a movement or an action on your social media about taking

care of the environment.

b. Invite your friends to send messages asking questions about and

discussing details of the movement.

c. Share the results of the discussion on your social media.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan pengayaan bagi peserta didik

yang sudah mahir.

2. Peserta didik dapat menggunakan teknologi search engine pada

gawai pintar bila memungkinkan untuk mencari factual events atau

incidents berkaitan dengan kegiatan melindungi lingkungan hidup.

3. Guru meminta peserta didik untuk menggunakan factual events/

incidents yang mereka dapat dan pilih serta membagikannya di

salah satu social media mereka. Kemudian peserta didik dapat

316 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 mengajak teman untuk berdiskusi dan membagikan kembali hasil

diskusi tersebut.

Bahasa guru

“In this section, I want you to share a movement or an action on your

social media about taking care of the environment.”

“Then, invite your friends to discuss the details of it with you.”

“After that, please share your results of discussion on the same social

media.”

Reflection

Instruksi pada Buku Siswa

Think about your learning, then fill out the following sheet.

Instruksi untuk guru

1. Guru meminta peserta didik melakukan refleksi atas pembelajaran

yang telah dilakukan.

Bahasa guru

“To reflect on the learning, please work on the learning reflection

sheet.”

2. Guru membahas hasil refleksi peserta didik terutama terkait dengan

pembahasan yang memerlukan perhatian.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 317

 Remedial

1. Guru melakukan analisa dari hasil pembahasan refleksi peserta

didik dan dari hasil penilaian untuk menentukan remedial teaching.

2. Guru dapat meminta dan menunjukkan peserta didik untuk

melakukan independent remedial learning.

Bahasa guru

“On the parts that you are still confused, you can relearn and redo the

activity.”

318 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII
 Teacher Reflection

Setelah melakukan pembelajaran, guru melakukan refleksi atas

pembelajaran dengan mengisi lembar refleksi guru yang tersedia.

Chapter 4 | No Littering 319

320 English for Nusantara | Buku Panduan Guru untuk SMP/MTs Kelas VIII