Brick Masonry
Contents
1. Terminology/ Definitions
2. Types of Bonds in Brick Masonry
Definitions
Stretcher
A brick laid with its Length parallel to face of wall
Header-
A brick laid with its Length perpendicular to face of wall
Frog- depression on top face of brick
Course- A horizontal layer of masonry
Header Course- layer only headers are exposed.
Stretcher Course
layer only stretchers are exposed.
Lap
Bed joint-
horizontal layer of mortar where bricks are laid
Lap-
Horizontal distance between vertical joints of successive courses
Definitions
Brick Bat-
Cut piece of brick across length -half bat, three fourth bat etc..
Closer
It is a piece of brick used to close up the bond in brick course
Types of closer
Queen(cut across length)
King and Bevelled King-
closer- a piece is cut to form a
Bevelled closer
triangle portion.
Half length and half width .Full Length and half width
Types of Brick Masonry bond
Header Bond
Stretcher Bond
English Bond
10 cm
Flemish Bond
Double Flemish Bond
Single Flemish Bond
Racking bond
20 cm
1. Header Bond
All Courses will have headers which are
exposed outside.
Bricks are laid with Length L perpendicular
to face of wall
Lap distance = width of brick/2
One 3/4th Brick Bat is placed on alternate
coursed
Uses:-
Walls of 1 brick thick wall and in footings
2. Stretcher Bond
• All Courses will have
stretchers which are
exposed outside.
• Bricks are laid with Length L
parallel to face of wall
• Lap distance = width of
brick/2
• One 1/2 Brick Bat is placed
on alternate coursed
Queen Closer
3. English Bond
1. It consists of alternate courses of
header and Stretcher.
S
2. Corner brick is called as Quion.
S
3. A header queen closer is placed
H S
next to quoin header. S
H S
H
This is done to prevent the vertical Header Course S Stretcher
joints in successive courses occurring Course
at the same places.
3. Queen Closer is not required in
stretcher courses
4. One thick brick wall and one half
brick thick wall are most commonly S
used.
English bond
Heading course should never start with a queen
closer
Stretchers should have a minimum lap of ¼ their
length over the header
Even number of half brick walls present same
appearance
For odd number we see stretcher on one face and
header on other
In thick walls, the middle portion is entirely filled
with header
4. Flemish Bond
In same course itself , headers and stretchers are laid
alternatively.
Queen closer is laid next to quoin header.
This type of bond will have better appearance.
H H H
But it needs a skilled supervision.- Skilled labours are S S S
required.
Types:
S H S H S H S H S
Double Flemish Bond:-
Both faces looks Flemish bond it is called double
Flemish bond.
Single Flemish Bond:-
FLEMISH BOND
Every course consists of header and stretcher
Header are centered over stretcher
Every alternate course start with header
Closers are inserted next to the quoin
S.N. English bond S.N. Flemish bond
1 Headers and stretchers are laid in 1 Headers and stretchers are laid
alternate courses. alternately in same course itself.
2 Strength is more for 1 brick thick 2 Strength is more for 1 ½ brick thick
wall wall.
3 Provides rough appearance. 3 Provide good appearance.
4 More costly since lot of brick bats are 4 Less costly as less bricks are used.
used. So more number of bricks are
needed.
5 Skilled labour is not necessary 5 More skilled and experience labour
are necessary.
6 It easy and requires less time 6. It requires lot of time to finish.
Racking bond
Racking- bricks are laid at an inclination to face of wall
Two types-
Zig Zag Bond – bricks placed in zig zag manner
Diagonal Bond- Bricks are placed diagonally to one direction only
