Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition

Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 1-1
GD&T Skill Survey
1. C 5. C 9. D 13. C 17. F 21. A 25. An axis datum 29. Legal 33. Illegal 37. Legal 41. 8.4
2. A 6. A 10. A 14. T 18. T 22. A 26. An axis datum 30. Illegal 34. Illegal 38. Illegal 42. 16
3. E 7. C 11. A 15. F 19. C 23. A centerplane datum 27. E 31. Legal 35. Legal 39. C
4. B 8. C 12. A 16. F 20. E 24. A planar datum 28. C 32. Legal 36. Illegal 40. D

EXERCISE 1-2
Self-Assessment of GD&T Fundamentals

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Rate your understanding of each topic. Place an X in the column that represents your assessment of your knowledge level. Connect your

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Xs with a line. Any topic assessment of knowledge level below 70% would be a weakness List your strengths and weaknesses below.

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Weaknesses:
1. Datum Shift

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2. Calculating part distances

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Strengths:

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1. Planar datums
2. Terminology
3. Modifiers

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EXERCISE 2-1 EXERCISE 3-1 EXERCISE 3-2 EXERCISE 4-1
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The Importance of Tolerancing The Importance of Interpretation of Feature

Design Functional Dimen- 1. 4 X Ø8 + 0.2 holes, 7. C
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sioning 12 + 1 X 6 + 0.2 elongated holes 8. C

1. T 1. T 1. T
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2. F 2. T 2. None 9. F
2. T 3. Dimension E, surface C of part 10. F
3. F 3. T 3. T 4. Revolved surface, regular feature
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4. T 4. F 4. F
5. T 5. T 5. C
5. A 6.
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6. F 6. F 6. C
7. T 7. F 7. B
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8. T 8. T 8. D
9. T
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10. F
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EXERCISE 5-1
Interpretation of Feature of Size
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1. 3. 4. T
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5. T
Ø5 6. F
Ø12.4 7. F
Ø2.9 8. F
Ø20 9. F
8 10. F
35.7-36.3
Ø24.1
2. Ø5, Ø12.4, Ø2.9, Ø20, 8, 35.7-36.3, 11-12
Ø24.1, 11-12, 36, Ø3.05, Ø54 36
Ø3.05
Ø54

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Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 6-1 EXERCISE 7-1 EXERCISE 7-2

Applicable Drawing Standards Drawing Interpretation: Titleblock, Drawing Interpretation: Datums, Fea-
Fundamental Rules, Notes ture Definition, Coordinate Tolerances
1. T 1. T 1. T 6. F
2. T 2. T 2. T 7. F
3. T 3. F 3. T 8. T
4. T 4. F 4. F 9. T
5. T

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5. F 5. T
6. F

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7. F

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EXERCISE 7-3 EXERCISE 8-1

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Drawing Interpretation: Guidelines, Vague Drawings Substandard Drawings
2. T

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3. F

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4. T
5. F

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6. F
7. F

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EXERCISE 9-1 EXERCISE 10-1

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Rigid/Non-Rigid Part Definitions Restraint Notes

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1. T 6. C 1. A 7. F
2. T 7. E 2. A 8. F
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3. T 8. D 3. C 9. T
4. T 9. A 4. Included - Amount of force, direction of force, number of places 10.
T
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5. B 10. B force applies, location of force 11. A, C, E, F, G

Not included - Area of contact, sequence of applying the force
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5. T
6. T
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EXERCISE 11-1
Restrained Part Tolerances

1. 5. The small holes are toleranced relative to the larger hole.

The restraint condition would not significantly affect the
relationship.
6. Free state - not specified; restrained state - 0.1
7. 4
2. Free state; the restraint note specifies that only geometric 8. No; it is non-rigid, so it will conform to touch all four
tolerances are to be measured in the restrained state. targets
3. X direction - 0.8; Y direction - 0.8
4. Free state - 1.5; restrained state - 0.2

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 Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 12-1 EXERCISE 12-2

Calculating Flatness Tolerance Values Cylindricity

1. 1. 0.007
2. No; it would not control the straightness of the line elements
3. a. No
b. Verify the validity of the design requirement and increase the
tolerances. Select a more capable process to make one or

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both adjacent parts. Add another operation to increase the

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capability of one or both processes. Redesign the application.

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EXERCISE 12-3

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Straightness Tolerance Values

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1.

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2. No; in this case, the size tolerance is limited by the thread size.
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EXERCISE 12-4
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Using Straightness on Thin Parts

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1. 0.1
2. 0.2
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3.
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4. B
5. C
6. A 1.92mm as specified C.
B. 0.04mm, 1.92-1.88=0.04mm

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Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 13-1
When to Use Datums

1. Yes; the sequence for holding the part on the inspection equipment needs to be specified.
2. To establish a functional relationship between part features
To relate the measurement of a dimension to a datum reference frame
3. Lower; it communicates the same requirements to manufacturing and inspection
4. No; a very simple part like a pin or a ball bearing does not need datums

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EXERCISE 13-2 EXERCISE 13-3
Datums: Advantages, Misconceptions, Errors Planar & Coplanar Datum Features

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1. I, F 1. Specifications Datum A and Datum B

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2. H, K 2. The 152.5 and 22 MIN dimension has an implied datum sequence
3. A, C, G 3. Datum feature C is not large enough to be a repeatable primary

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4. datum feature

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5. B
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EXERCISE 14-1 EXERCISE 14-2 EXERCISE 14-3

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Planar & Coplanar Datum Features Offset Planar Surfaces as a Cylinder as a Datum Feature
Datum Feature
1. C 1. C
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2. D 1.A, B, C; They are referenced as co-primary 2. A

3. For the convenience of manufacturing 2. NA; There is no secondary datum reference in 3. B, C, F
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For the convenience of inspection the feature control frame 4. C

4. Use datum targets 3. C
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5. C 4. B
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6. A
E

EXERCISE 14-4 EXERCISE 14-5

Coaxial Cylinders as Offset Surfaces, Pattern of Holes as Datum Feature
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Datum Features 1. A-B; These surfaces orient the part in the assembly
1. B 2. C; The pattern of holes locate the part in the assembly
2. A 3. No; That is not the way holes function
3. B, C, F 4. No; It is difficult (some say impossible) and very expensive
4. C to simulate a pattern of holes as RFS in a datum simulator
5. No; The outside edges are clearance and have no bearing on
the function

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 Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 14-6 EXERCISE 14-7 EXERCISE 14-8

Coplanar Surfaces, Pattern of Holes Coplanar Widths as Pattern of Slots as a Datum Feature
and Widths as Datum Features Datum Features
1. B 1. No difference in this case; co-secondary &
1. A 10.0 gage width that is perpendicular to datum
2. C tertiary produce the same results
plane A
3. B, C, F 2. B
2. A basic implied zero
4. B 3. B
3. No; Datum feature B locates the part
4. B

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4. The orientation of a secondary datum relative to
5. No; It depends on the geometric tolerances.
the primary datum should be specified

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Some geometric tolerances only require 3
5. The holes should be located from surface C; that
degrees of freedom to be constrained.
is the way the part function is described

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in the problem description

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6. C primary, D M secondary, and B M tertiary

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EXERCISE 15-1
Datum Target - Requirements/Applications

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1. A, E 4. 5. Rest on 3 gage pads for A first, touch B seocnd,
2. B, E
and touch C third. Part to gage relationship is

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3. A, B, E
repeatable.
6. Rest on 3 gage pads for A. No - part to gage rela
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tionship is not repeatable.
7. Touch 2 points for B, then rest on 3 gage pads
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for A, then touch one point for C. Part to gage

relationship is not repeatable.
8. Two ways:
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1. Use “A” as the primary datum reference.

2. Add “B” and “C” as secondary and tertiary
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datum references.
9. Basic dimensions not used to define target sizes.
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EXERCISE 15-2 EXERCISE 15-3

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Variable and Fixed Datum Targets Cylindrical Datum Target Area, Coaxial Diameters
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1.A portion of the 11.0-11.6 diameter

1. Spherical-tipped
2. Partial length; By the datum targets specification
2. Variable; The gage pins need to expand to touch the part surface
3. Variable; No basic diameter shown
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3. No; Need a tertiary datum to ensure the part fits on the gage in only
4. Full length; No datum target shown
one angular orientation
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5. Yes; To obtain part to gage repeatability

4. 6. To locate the hole relative to the 6.0-6.4 diameter axis

5. No; needs a tertiary datum to ensure the part fits on the gage in only
one angular orientation

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Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 15-4
Datum Target Points and Areas on Cylindrical Datum Features
1. Variable; No basic diameter is give.
2. The part will be held on datum features A and B simultaneously.
3. No; When inspecting the position control, there is no secondary datum referenced. Therefore, there is no way to locate the part
(axially) relative to the gage.
4. Two additional items need to be addressed: 1. Add a secondary datum reference. 2. Change targets for “B” to a cylindrical line or

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area.

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EXERCISE 15-5

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Datum Targets for V-Block

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1. 2. Fixed; Defined with basic dimensions in each direction
3. Rest on datum feature A, fit between gage elements for datum feature B

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4. Loosely - when the part is not at its maximum size, it can move around
in the gage

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5. Remove the 126 basic dimension to allow the gage to center the part

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better.

EXERCISE 15-6 fo
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Irregular Part Features as Datums
1.
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EXERCISE 16-1
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Screw Threads, Gears & Splines as Datum Features EXERCISE 16-2

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1-3. 4. C Temporary Datum Features

5. D 1.C
2. A
3. F
4. F
5.1) To analyze machine clean-up stock
2)To define minimum wall thickness
6. B

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 Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 17-1
Definitions, Top Usage and Modifiers
1. A, I, J or K 6. 7.
2. B
3. F
4. H
5. A

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EXERCISE 18-1

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Simultaneous Requirement
1. 3: by looking for identical datum references

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2. 2, 3, 4; less; There is no datum shift between the features.

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3. Add a “SEP REQT” note beneath each feature control frame.
4. The lower section of composite position callouts

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EXERCISE 19-1 EXERCISE 20-1
Composite Position Tolerancing
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Multiple Single-Segment Position Tolerancing

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2. A, C
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3. 1) When the orientation (and spacing) of a pattern of features of 2. C

size is more important than the location of the pattern 3. 1) When it is desired to control the location of a pattern of
2) Where coaxial holes need to be in-line within a tight
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features of size relative to more than one datum reference frame

tolerance value but could vary in location a larger amount 4. A. Legal
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4. A. Legal B. Legal
B. Illegal - FRTZF (lower) tol. zone can’t be larger than C. Legal
PLTZF (upper) D. Illegal - Conflicting requirements
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C. Illegal - Datum references of the lower segment must be re 5. Location to A,B, C - 1; Location to B - 0.5;
peats & in the same order as the upper segment datum references
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Spacing - 0.2; Squareness - 0.2

D. Illegal - Only two segments should be used as “PLTZF” and
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a “FRTZF”
5. Location - 1.0; Squareness - 0.2; Spacing - 0.2;
Parallelism to B - 0.2; Parallelism to C - 1.0
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EXERCISE 21-1
Conical Tolerance Zones
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1. 2.
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3. In applications where the depth of the hole would be subject to drill deflection

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Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 22-1
When to Use Profile

1. B, D, E 3.
2. T, T, T

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EXERCISE 22-2
Profile & Coordinate Tolerances

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1.

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Solution 1 Solution 2
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2. No; Assumptions were used on the drawing with coordinate tolerances.

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EXERCISE 22-3
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Profile Datum Rule

1. Two boundaries located 0.3 on each side of the true profile or a 0.6 wide bilateral tolerance zone
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2. 1 mm bilateral tolerance zone all around except datum feature references B and C which have multiple
interpretations due to being toleranced and referenced by the profile control
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3. 50+ 1 = 51 or 50 + 1/2 = 50.5 or 50 + ??? = Undefined

4. Remove the datum feature references “B” and “C” from the profile callout.
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5. Unless otherwise specified, all geometric tolerances apply in the free state.
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6. 50 + = 51

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 Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 23-1
Profile - Simultaneous Requirement

1. 1, 2, 4, 5
2. Because datum shifts is lost, and all affected surfaces must be verified simultaneously
3. LMC 26.0 - VC 25.6 = 0.4
4.

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5. LMC Ø9.2 - VC Ø8.4 = 0.8

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EXERCISE 24-1
Composite Profile Tolerancing
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2. A, D 5. 6. Upper segment
3. A
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7. Lower segment
4. B 8. C
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EXERCISE 25-1 EXERCISE 26-1

Multiple Single-Segment Profile Tolerancing Coplanar Surfaces
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1. C, D 1. 11
2. F, F, T, T, T 2.
3. A Illegal - middle segment is redundant
B. Legal
C. Illegal - is meaningless
D. Legal
E. Illegal - is meaningless
F. Illegal - is redundant (does not specify a unique
relationship) 3. 0.4, 0.8

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 Advanced Concepts of GD&T, 2nd Edition Exercise Answer Guide

EXERCISE 26-2 EXERCISE 26-3

Conical Surfaces & “All Profile and Position Combined

1. D 1. The profile control

2. B 2. Both the position & profile control
3. A 3. The position control
4. C 4. No; There is no size dimension; perfect form at LMC is

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5. C required in this case and not where Rule #1 applies

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5. 1.6
6. The specification becomes illegal

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EXERCISE 26-4
Profile With Datum Shift

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2. 71.5, 68.5

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1.
3. 41, 39
4. LMC Ø9.2 - VC Ø8.6 = 0.6

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5. No; The characteristic of size is not related to datums
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EXERCISE 26-5
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Profile Specifications
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1.
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E
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