NUTAN MAHARASHTRA VIDYA PRASARAK MANDAL’S,

NUTAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH

DTE CODE- 6419

(UNDER ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OF PIMPRI CHINCHWAD EDUCATION TRUST)

Seminar Report
on
“Modern Drone Technology”
(Academic year 2023-24)

Submitted By
Rajvardhan Bandgar

Subject Co-Ordinator Head of Dept

Mrs. Lata More (Prof.R K Bhegde)

Principal
(N.C.E.R.)
 NUTAN MAHARASHTRA VIDYA PRASARAK MANDAL'S

NUTAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH (NCER)

Under administrative support of Pimpri Chinchwad Education Trust (PCET)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Rajvardhan Bandgar (Roll No.-52 ) has submitted his

Seminar-I report on “Drone Technology” under the guidance and supervision of

Mrs. Lata More. The work has been done to my satisfaction and is as per the partial

fulfillment of term work of Second Year, Computer Science Engineering –

Artificial

Intelligence through the University of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological

University, Lonere during the Academic year 2022-2023.

Date: 0 8 /12/2023 Place: Pune

Faculty H.O.D
(Mrs. Lata More) (Prof.R K Bhegde)

Principal
(Dr. Aparna Pande)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is a great pleasure & immense satisfaction to express my deepest

sense of gratitude & thanks to everyone who has directly or indirectly helped me

in completing my seminar work successfully.

I express my gratitude towards seminar guide Mrs. Lata More and Dr. R

K Bhegde (HoD) of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NCER,

Talegaon, Pune who guided & encouraged me in completing the seminar work

in scheduled time. I would like to thanks our Principal Dr. Aparna Pande, for

allowing us to pursue my seminar in this institute.

No words are sufficient to express my gratitude to my parents for their

unwavering encouragement. I also thank all friends for being a constant source

of my support.

Rajvardhan Bandgar

PRN:-2264191370052

(Roll No. – 52)

INDEX
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO.
NO.

ABSTRACT
6
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 7
1.1 Problem statement 7
1.2 Objectives 7
1.3 Scope 7
Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 9
Chapter 3 METHADOLOGY 11
3.1 All about drone planning technology 11
3.2 Design 11

Chapter 4 RESULTS 13
Chapter 5 CONCLUSION 18
Chapter 6 FUTURE SCORE 19
REFERENCES 20
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Title of Figure Page No.

4.1 Report on flight controller 15
4.2 Report on components 15
4.3 Report on various types of drones 16
4.4 Report on civil applications 17
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ABSTRACT

Unmanned vehicles/systems (UVs/USs) technology has exploded in recent years. Unmanned vehicles are
operated in the air, on the ground, or on/in the water. Unmanned vehicles play a more significant role in
many civil application domains, such as remote sensing, surveillance, precision agriculture and rescue
operations rather than manned systems. Unmanned vehicles outperform manned systems in terms of mission
safety and operational costs. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are widely utilized in the civil infrastructure
because of their low maintenance costs, ease of deployment, hovering capability, and excellent mobility.
The UAVs can gather photographs faster and more accurately than satellite imagery, allowing for more
prompt assessment. This study provides a comprehensive overview of UAV civil applications, including
classification and requirements. Also encompassed with research trends, critical civil challenges, and future
insights on how UAVs with artificial intelligence (smart AI). Furthermore, this paper discusses the
specifications of several drone models and simulators. According to the literature review, precision
agriculture is one of the civil applications of smart UAVs. Unmanned aerial vehicles aid in the detection of
weeds, cropmanagement, and the identification of plant diseases, among other issues, paving the path for
researchers to create drone applications in the future.

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Problem statement

“Advantages and Challenges in Drone Technology ”

1.2 Objectives

In the realm of drone technology, our primary objective is to push the

boundaries of innovation, addressing current limitations and leveraging emerging
opportunities.
By pursuing these objectives, we aim to position ourselves at the forefront of
drone technology innovation, contributing to sustainable and responsible advancements
that positively impact industries, society, and the environment..

1.3 Scope

The scope of drone technology is vast and holds immense potential across various industries. In agriculture,
drones are revolutionizing precision farming by employing sensors and cameras for crop monitoring, pest
control, and optimizing resource utilization, ultimately enhancing yields. Infrastructure inspection benefits
from drones conducting aerial surveys, efficiently inspecting bridges, pipelines, and power lines, providing
cost-effective solutions for maintenance and monitoring. Drones play a crucial role in emergency response,
aiding search and rescue operations by swiftly reaching inaccessible areas and providing real-time
situational awareness during disasters.

Environmental monitoring sees applications in wildlife conservation, where drones track wildlife, monitor
ecosystems, and combat illegal poaching, contributing to biodiversity conservation efforts. Healthcare
leverages drones for the rapid and efficient delivery of medical supplies, especially in remote or
disasterstricken areas, thereby improving healthcare accessibility. In logistics and e-commerce, drones are
transforming last-mile delivery, offering a direct and efficient means of delivering packages, reducing transit
times, and operational costs.

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The entertainment and media industry benefits from drones in aerial cinematography, capturing breathtaking
shots and providing unique perspectives for film and media production. In the construction sector, drones
are employed for surveying construction sites, monitoring progress, and ensuring adherence to plans,
thereby enhancing efficiency. Telecommunications benefit from drones assisting in the installation and
maintenance of infrastructure, particularly in remote or challenging terrains, expanding network coverage.
Drones serve educational and research purposes as well, acting as tools for students and researchers in fields
such as robotics and engineering.

Security and defense applications include the use of drones in surveillance and reconnaissance missions,
enhancing border security and providing real-time intelligence. Additionally, in mining and exploration,
drones conduct aerial surveys, aiding in resource identification and environmental impact assessment. As
technology continues to evolve, the scope in drone technology offers extensive opportunities for businesses,
researchers, and professionals to contribute to diverse sectors, shaping the future of this dynamicfield.

CHAPTER 2

LITRATURE REVIEW

Literature review carried out in the area of Automated Exploratory Data

Analysis in context to the present work is presented in classified manner as follows:

Kumar,V: Kumar's work involves a thorough investigation into the civil applications of
unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The survey approach adopted in the paper allows for an
in-depth exploration of how UAVs are utilized in various civil contexts. Additionally,
Kumar identifies and discusses key research challenges in the field, providing valuable
insights for further development.

Wang,L.et.: Wang and collaborators focus on a critical aspect of UAV technology—sense

and avoid systems. Through a survey-based approach, the paper examines the diverse
systems and technologies that enable UAVs to sense and avoid obstacles in their operational
environments. This is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of UAV operations,
especially in shared airspace.

Shakhatreh,H: Shakhatreh's survey delves into the communication technologies employed

by autonomous unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). By exploring these technologies, the
paper provides a comprehensive understanding of how UAVs communicate and the

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applications that benefit from effective communication. This knowledge is essential for
optimizing UAV operations in various scenarios.

Colomina,L: Colomina and colleagues conduct a detailed review of unmanned aerial

systems (UAS) with a specific focus on their applications in photogrammetry and remote
sensing. The paper explores how drones contribute to the collection of geospatial data,
offering valuable insights into their role in mapping, surveying, and environmental
monitoring.

Pascucui,A: Pascucci's survey takes a broad perspective, covering technologies contributing

to the autonomy of flying agents, including drones. By examining a wide range of
technologies, the paper provides a holistic view of advancements in autonomous capabilities
for aerial vehicles. This comprehensive overview is essential for understanding the evolving
landscape of autonomous flying agents.

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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

4.1.1 DRONE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT:

4.1.2 Everything needed for drone technology :

1. *Research and Planning:*

- *Exploration Phase:* Delve into the purpose of the drone, considering applications like
surveillance, agriculture, or aerial photography.
- *Feasibility Analysis:* Assess technical, financial, and logistical aspects to define project
scope and requirements.

2. *Design and Prototyping:*

- *Conceptualization:* Create detailed design blueprints, envisioning the drone's physical
structure, aerodynamics, and payload capacity.
- *Prototype Construction:* Fabricate initial prototypes, allowing for hands-on testing and
iterative design improvements.

3. *Components Integration:*
- *Mechanical Integration:* Assemble the drone's frame, incorporating lightweight
materials for optimal strength and aerodynamics.
- *Electronics Integration:* Combine propulsion systems, sensors, cameras, and
communication modules, ensuring seamless connectivity.

4. *Software Development:*
- *Flight Control Algorithm:* Develop sophisticated algorithms for precise flight control,
stability, and responsiveness.
- *Autonomous Features:* Implement autonomous functionalities like obstacle avoidance,
GPS navigation, and automated mission planning.

5. *Testing and Optimization:*

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- *Simulation Testing:* Conduct virtual simulations to identify potential issues and refine
the drone's design before physical testing.
- *Field Testing:* Perform extensive real-world tests, addressing challenges related to
flight dynamics, weather conditions, and hardware reliability.

6. *Regulatory Compliance:*
- *Legal Assessment:* Navigate regulatory landscapes to ensure compliance with aviation
and privacy laws.
- *Certification Process:* Obtain necessary certifications and approvals from aviation
authorities for safe and legal operation.

7. *Manufacturing:*
- *Production Scaling:* Transition from prototyping to mass production, maintaining
consistency in manufacturing processes.
- *Quality Assurance:* Implement rigorous quality control measures to ensure each unit
meets defined standards.

8. *Deployment:*
- *Operational Integration:* Deploy drones for specific applications, integrating them into
existing systems or workflows.
- *User Training:* Train operators on flight procedures, maintenance, and emergency
protocols.

9. *Maintenance and Upgrades:*

- *Scheduled Maintenance:* Establish regular maintenance schedules to prevent wear and
tear, ensuring longevity.
- *Upgrade Pathways:* Plan for future upgrades, incorporating advancements in
technology to enhance performance.

10. *User Training:*

- *Comprehensive Training Programs:* Develop training modules covering drone
operation, troubleshooting, and safety protocols.
- *Continuous Education:* Provide ongoing education to users, keeping them informed
about software updates and industry best practices.

This detailed methodology ensures a thorough and thoughtful approach to drone technology
development, from conceptualization to ongoing operational success.

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CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM

DEVELPENT

Components used in drones:

The common properties of these systems are the freely distributed and
modifiable software and hardware and the self- established community
around them. The developing process can be really fast in this way [22-26],
because in some cases (e.g. bad weather conditions for flying) the testing of
a new feature is not possible by the programmer but other people can
insall and test it.

Flight Controller:

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TYPES OF DRONES:

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DRONE APPLICATIONS

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DRONE SIMULATORS:
A UAV simulator is what it seems like: it is a software program developed to reproduce the
action of operating a drone by using
an actual UAV controller compared to the cooperative device (Oubbati et al. 2020). Most UAV
simulators can work on either a
computer or a Mac. Some drone flight simulators allow to customize them for specific flying
scenarios. Due to the complicated
environment, including various variables, a simulation model of the UAV system serves to design
more reliable and achieve a
drone fleet (Fernando et al. 2013). The network function virtualization (NFV) and
softwaredefined network (SDN) are two prominent technologies for managing and improving
UAV assistance in future mobile networks. Unmanned aerial vehicle system
simulation enhances resolution-making in these sector

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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

In conclusion, drone technology continues to evolve rapidly, unlocking new possibilities and applications
across various industries. From aerial photography to agriculture, surveillance, and even delivery services,
drones have demonstrated their versatility. Advances in software algorithms, including flight control,
navigation, and autonomous capabilities, play a pivotal role in enhancing the efficiency and safety of drone
operations. However, challenges such as regulatory frameworks, privacy concerns, and technological
limitations persist. As drone technology matures, addressing these challenges becomes crucial for realizing
the full potential of drones in a wide range of fields. The ongoing development and integration of innovative
algorithms, coupled with a commitment to safety and ethical considerations, will shape the future trajectory
of drone technology, paving the way for more responsible and widespread adoption.

CHAPTER 6
FUTURE SCOPE

The future scope of drone technology is expansive, spanning domains like delivery services, infrastructure
inspection, precision agriculture, search and rescue, environmental monitoring, public safety,
entertainment, urban air mobility, and more. Anticipated developments include the integration of 5G
connectivity, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning for autonomous capabilities, the
emergence of drone swarms for collaborative tasks, and ongoing efforts to establish robust regulatory

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frameworks. As technology evolves, drones are poised to play a transformative role in addressing diverse
challenges and creating innovative solutions across industries, offering increased efficiency, sustainability,
and new possibilities for applications yet to be explored.

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REFERENCES
Akturk E, Altunel AO (2019) Accuracy assessment of a low-cost UAV derived digital
elevation model (DEM) in a highly broken and vegetated terrain. Measurement
136:382-386.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2018.12.101

Alzahrani B, Oubbati OS, Barnawi A, Atiquzzaman M, Alghazzawi D (2020) UAV

assistance paradigm: State-of-the-art in applications and challenges. J Netw
Comput Appl 166:102706.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102706

Balaji B, Chennupati SK, Chilakalapudi SRK, Katuri R, Mareedu K (2018) Design of UAV
(drone) for crop, weather monitoring and for spraying fertilizers and
pesticides. Int J Res Trends Innov 3(3):42-47.

lloumi M, Dhaou R, Escrig B, Idoudi H, Saidane LA (2018) Monitoring road traffic with a
UAV-based system. Paper presented 2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and
Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE; Barcelona, Spain.

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