UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID
EVALUACIÓN PARA EL ACCESO A LAS ENSEÑANZAS
UNIVERSITARIAS OFICIALES DE GRADO
Curso 2021-2022
MATERIA: INGLÉS
INSTRUCCIONES GENERALES Y CALIFICACIÓN
Después de leer atentamente el examen, responda de la siguiente forma:
• elija un texto A o B y conteste EN INGLÉS a las preguntas 1, 2, 3 y 4 asociadas al texto elegido.
• responda EN INGLÉS una pregunta a elegir entre las preguntas A.5 o B.5.
TIEMPO Y CALIFICACIÓN: 90 minutos. Las preguntas 1, 2 y 4 asociadas al texto elegido se calificarán
sobre 2 puntos cada una, la pregunta 3 asociada al texto elegido sobre 1 punto y la pregunta elegida
entre A.5 o B.5 sobre 3 puntos.
TEXTO A
Today’s "Fake News" Used to Be Called Yellow Journalism
It is perhaps not so surprising to hear that the problem of "fake news" — media outlets adopting
sensationalism to the point of fantasy — is nothing new. As Robert Darnton said, the first example
of this in history may have been in the late 19th century. This was when "Yellow Journalism" first
began.
Why yellow? The reasons are not totally clear and some sources point to the yellow ink the
publications would sometimes use, though others say it was named after a popular cartoon called
The Yellow Kid. This cartoon first ran in Joseph Pulitzer's New York World, and later William
Randolph Hearst's New York Journal. These two newspapers were in a battle because they wanted
to win readers. Their competition led to the rise of Yellow Journalism.
Although today his name is somewhat synonymous with journalism of the highest standards,
through association with the Pulitzer Prize, Joseph Pulitzer had a very different reputation while
alive. After purchasing The New York World in 1884 and rapidly increasing circulation through the
publication of sensationalist stories, he earned the dubious honour of being the pioneer of tabloid
journalism. He soon had a competitor in the field when his rival William Randolph Hearst acquired
The New York Journal in 1885. The rivalry was fierce, each trying to outdo each other with ever
more sensational and scandalous stories.
Yellow Journalism was at its worst in the days leading up to the Spanish-American War. Hearst's
newspaper had a major influence on the conflict. It encouraged anti-Spanish feelings across the
United States. Some people started calling the war "The Journal's War". Both newspapers
published stories about the war that were full of unconfirmed claims, sensationalist propaganda,
and outright factual errors.
Adapted from “Yellow Journalism: The "Fake News" of the 19th Century,” The Public Domain
Review, December 11, 2019. <https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/yellow-journalism-the-
fake-news-of-the-19th-century>
TEXTO A
QUESTIONS
A.1.- Are the following statements TRUE or FALSE? Copy the evidence from the text. Use a
complete sentence. No marks are given for only TRUE or FALSE.
a) The term “Yellow Journalism” was coined after a comic strip about a boy in a yellow nightshirt,
FALSE, "The reasons are not totally clear and some sources point to the yellow ink the publications would sometimes use, though
entitled the “Yellow Kid”. others say it was named after a popular cartoon called The Yellow Kid."
b) Joseph Pulitzer has come to be related to one of the most prominent awards given to journalists.
(Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos) TRUE, "Although today his name is somewhat synonymous with journalism of the highest standards, through association
with the Pulitzer Prize, Joseph Pulitzer had a very different reputation while alive"
A.2.- In your own words and based on the ideas in the text, answer the following questions.
Do not copy from the text.
a) What similarities are there between William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer? Mention two.
b) Did Yellow Journalism play a role in the Spanish-American War? Why.
(Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos) a) In 1885, Pulitzer and Hearst, started a race to win costumers by posting fake news
about the South American war, without corraborating data and full of mistakes.
A.3.- Find the words in the text that mean:
a) possibly (paragraph 1) perhaps b) Hearst's and Pulitzer newspapers had a big influence on the politic position of the
Spanish-American War in the United States because they used to published news with the
b) questionable (paragraph 3) dubious goal of rejecting spanish people.
c) intense (paragraph 3) fierce
d) key (paragraph 4) influence
(Puntuación máxima: 1 punto)
A.4.- Complete the following sentences. Use the appropriate form of the word in brackets
when given.
a) I really think the journalist is biased. I mean, he _______ gave (give) a wrong perspective of the issue
blaming the goverment! That’s _______ hardly (hard) fair, is it?
b) William Randolph Hearst was one of _______ colorfullest (colorful), influential, and outspoken figures
_______
involved (involve) in activities surrounding the Spanish-American War.
c) Those _______
who consume news need to find ways of _______ determinate (determine) if what they're reading
is true.
d) Complete the following sentence to report what was said.
“Can you check it out in ten minutes?”
if he could check it out in the following ten minutes.
She wondered ______________________________________________________________.
(Puntuación máxima: 2 puntos)
A.5.- Write about 150 to 200 words on the following topic.
Can social networking sites like Twitter or Instagram be considered news sources? Justify your
answer.
(Puntuación máxima: 3 puntos)
