BPMN 2.

0 Business Process Model and Notation

Complete Element Set
Pools and Lanes Activities Events

Boundary Non
Process Non
Interrupting

Interrupting

Interrupting

Interrupting

End Event
Tasks Sub Processes

Event Sub

Event Sub
Within the flow of a process, one or An Event is an indicator that

Boundary
Top Level

Throwing
Catching
Process
more lanes will perform a number of Expanded Sub
something has happened
Pool

activities. User Task Service Task Send Task

Collapsed Sub
Process
Event Sub Process
within a process.
Process

A Task is something that None

a lane (role) does during A process begins
A Pool is used to define either a group of Participants such
Task

the process. A task is a Parallel Multiple Sequential Multiple with a Start Event
as an area within an organization or an external entity that
Receive Task Manual Task Business Rule Loop
indicating something
Instances Instances

collaborates within a process. granular (atomic) activity Message

that cannot or does not need to be has happened, such as

A process model is normally created from the perspective broken down any further. Call Activity (Global
a message received or
Script Loop
a date that has been
Task) Compensation Ad Hoc Transaction
of a single participant – the White Box Pool, and contains Timer

the detail of that process. Black Box Pools are considered A Sub Process reached.
external to the scope of the process (although not
Sub Process summarizes a group of
necessarily outside of the organization), and do not show activities, and can be Parallel Multiple
Instances
Sequential Multiple
Instances
Compensation
Escalation

flow and activities. Black box pools may be collapsed and expanded out into further Intermediate Events
rotated, but do not have to be. detail. Sub processes can be shown happen within the
as collapsed (with the [+] symbol), or Ad Hoc flow of the process Conditional
expanded. (between the start and
end events).
Lane

Link

A Lane is used to define a specific participant or role within A process finishes Error
a process. Core BPMN Objects Message
with an End Event.
Because a process
Flow
A lane may be contained within a pool or may itself be Pool may have several
(Black Box) Cancel
broken down into other lanes: Sequence
Flow
Customer
outcomes, there may
Order Order receipt and change Prepared Order
be multiple end events.
Association Compensation
Pool
Lane

Cashier

Enter Customer
Calculate Total Process Payment Deliver Order
Order
Beverage
Order Order Order
Received
Data delivered
Signal
Object
Lane

Start Event Task

Intermediate
Barista
Cafe
Lane

Prepare Beverage
End Event Multiple
Event Beverage
Lane

Order Type
Sub Process
Pool
(White Box) Parallel Multiple

Prepare Tasty
Lane
Chef

Snack
Tasty Snack

Gateway
Terminate

Flows
Message Flow is the flow of
information as Messages between
Participants.
Sequence Flow is the flow of Artifacts Gateways A Parallel Gateway is used to synchronize
parallel flows and to create parallel flows.
Normal
the process between events that Artifacts allow additional information to be provided on a A Message is used to depict the contents of A diverging Exclusive Gateway is used to
occur, activities performed by the a communication between 2 participants. The Complex Gateway can be used to
Default process model create alternative paths within a Process flow.
lanes and decisions that are made model complex synchronization behavior,
A converging Exclusive Gateway is used to
Conditional (gateways). Data Objects are inputs to and outputs A Group is a visual way of informally grouping not captured by other gateways
<group>
merge alternative paths.
from activities. Data objects could be used to items on a diagram, for example to highlight
Associations are used to attach an area that requires further analysis. The Event-Based Gateway represents a
Data Association (Directional) represent documents, data or other objects A diverging Inclusive Gateway can be
artifacts (such as data objects) to branching point in the Process where the
Data Association (Directional) that are passed between the activities in a used to create alternative but also parallel
Data Association (Directional) activities. Annotations allow additional information alternative paths that follow the Gateway are
Data Association (Bi-directional) process. paths within a Process flow. A converging
Data Association (Bi-directional) relevant in documenting the process to be based on Events that occur, rather than the
Data Association (Bi-directional) Inclusive Gateway is used to merge a combination of
Association A Data Store is somewhere that the process shown on the diagram. evaluation of Expressions using Process data
Association alternative and parallel paths.
Association can read or write data, that persists beyond (as with an Exclusive or Inclusive Gateway).
the scope of the process.

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