ENGM2032

Summary Pages and Tables

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By Gordon A. Fenton, Sep 14, 2020

ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 2
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 3

De Morgan: (A ∪ B)c = Ac ∩ B c , (A ∩ B)c = Ac ∪ B c

Probability: P [A ∪ B] = P [A] + P [B] − P [A ∩ B]


P [A ∩ B] = P A|B · P [B] = P B|A · P [A]
       
 P E|Aj · P Aj
 P E|Aj · P Aj
Bayes’ Theorem: P Aj | E = = Pn  
i=1 P E|Ai · P [Ai ]
P [E]

x
d
Z
PDF’s and CDF’s: F (x) = f (ξ) dξ ⇐⇒ f (x) = F (x)
−∞ dx
Z ∞ Z ∞
E X2 = x2 fX (x) dx
 
Expectations: E [X] = xfX (x) dx
−∞ −∞
Z ∞
E [g(X)] = g(x)fX (x) dx E [a + bX] = a + bE [X]
−∞ Z
Z ∞ ∞
E [XY ] = xyfXY (x, y) dx dy
−∞ −∞

Var [X] = E (X − µ)2 = E X 2 − E2[X] = σ 2

   
Variance:
Var [a + bX] = b2 Var [X] Var [a1 X1 ± a2 X2 ] = a21 σ12 + a22 σ22 ± 2a1 a2 Cov [X1 , X2 ]

Cov [X, Y ]
Covariance: Cov [X, Y ] = E [(X − µX )(Y − µY )] = E [XY ] − E [X] E [Y ] , ρXY =
σX σY
n
X n
X n
X
Linear Functions: if Y = ai Xi and Z = bi Xi then E [Y ] = ai E [Xi ]
i=1 i=1 i=1
n X
X n n X
X n
   
Var [Y ] = ai aj Cov Xi , Xj Cov [Y, Z] = ai bj Cov Xi , Xj
i=1 j=1 i=1 j=1

n n
( n )
1X 2 1 X 1 X
Misc: X̄ = Xi S = (Xi − X̄)2 = Xi2 − nX̄ 2
n n−1 n−1
  i=1 i=1 i=1
n n! n n!
= Pk =
k k!(n − k)! (n − k)!

Regression: ŷ = β̂0 + β̂1 x Y = β0 + β 1 x + ǫ

1 1
x̄ = Σxi ȳ = Σyi
n n
SSxx = Σ(xi − x̄)2 = Σx2i − nx̄2 SSyy = Σ(yi − ȳ)2 = Σyi2 − nȳ 2
SSxy = Σ(xi − x̄)(yi − ȳ) = Σxi yi − nx̄ȳ
SSxx SSyy
s2X = s2Y =
n−1 n−1
2
SSxy SSE
SSE = SSyy − s2 =
SSxx n−2
SSxy
β̂1 = β̂0 = ȳ − β̂1 x̄
SSxx  
2 SSyy − SSE SSxy sX
r = ρ̂ = r = = β̂1
SSyy  1)sX2sY 
(n − sY
2
s 1 x̄
s2β̂1 = s2β̂o = s2 +
SSxx n SSxx
1 (x − x̄)2

sµ̂Y |x = s2
2
+ s2PI = s2 + s2µ̂Y |x
n SSxx
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 4
 
n k n−k
Binomial: P [Nn = k] = p q for 0 ≤ k ≤ n
k
E [Nn ] = np Var [Nn ] = npq

Geometric: P [T1 = k] = pq k−1 for k ≥ 1

1 q
E [T1 ] = Var [T1 ] = 2
p p
 
m − 1 k m−k
Negative Binomial: P [Tk = m] = p q for m ≥ k
k−1
k kq
E [Tk ] = Var [Tk ] =
p p2

(λt)k −λt
Poisson: P [Nt = k] = e for k ≥ 0
k!
E [Nt ] = λt Var [Nt ] = λt

Exponential: f (t) = λe−λt F (t) = 1 − e−λt for t ≥ 0

1 1
E [T ] = Var [T ] = 2
λ λ
k−1
λ X (λx)j
Gamma: f (x) = (λx)k−1 e−λx F (x) = 1 − e−λx (k integer)
Γ(k) j!
j=0
k k
E [X] = Var [X] =
λ λ2
β β β
Weibull: f (x) = (λx)β e−(λx) F (x) = 1 − e−(λx) for x ≥ 0
x       
1 1 1 2 1
E [X] = Γ 1 + Var [X] = 2 Γ 1 + − Γ2 1 +
λ β λ β β

1 x−α
Uniform: f (x) = F (x) = for α ≤ x ≤ β
β−α β−α
E [X] = 21 (α + β) 1
Var [X] = 12 (β − α)2
 
x−µ

2
1 − 1 x−µ
Normal: f (x) = √ e 2 σ F (x) = Φ for −∞ < x < ∞
σ 2π σ
2
E [X] = µ   Var
 [X] =
 σ
x−µ x−µ
P [X ≤ x] = P Z ≤ = Φ
σ σ
 
ln x − µln x

2
1 − 12
ln x−µln x
Lognormal: f (x) = √ e σln x
F (x) = Φ for x ≥ 0
xσln x 2π σln x 
1 2 2
E [X] = µX = eµln x + 2 σln x 2
Var [X] = σX = µ2X eσln x − 1
2
 
2 σX 2
σln x = ln 1 + µln x = ln(µX ) − 12 σln x
µ2X
∞ ∞
X 1 X 1
Identities: qk = kq k−1 = for 0 < q < 1
1−q (1 − q)2
k=0 k=1
xj xj
∞ ∞
X X  x n
= ex j = xex lim 1− = e−x
j! j! n→∞ n
k=0 k=0
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 5

(1 − α) Confidence Intervals

µ; σ σ
x̄ − zα/2 √ < µ < x̄ + zα/2 √
σ known n n
µ;
s s
σ unknown and x̄ − tα/2,n−1 √ < µ < x̄ + tα/2,n−1 √
n n
population normal
s s
µ1 − µ2 ; σ12 σ22 σ12 σ22
x̄1 − x̄2 − zα/2 + < µ1 − µ2 < x̄1 − x̄2 + zα/2 +
σ1 and σ2 known n1 n2 n1 n2

µ1 − µ2 ; r r
1 1 1 1
σ1 = σ2 but unknown x̄1 − x̄2 − tα/2,ν sp + < µ1 − µ2 < x̄1 − x̄2 + tα/2,ν sp +
n1 n2 n1 n2
ν = n1 + n2 − 2
µD = µ1 − µ2 ;
sd sd
paired d¯ − tα/2,n−1 √ < µD < d¯ + tα/2,n−1 √
n n
observations
p;
r r
p̂q̂ p̂q̂
large sample p̂ − zα/2 < p < p̂ + zα/2
n n
p1 − p2 ;
r r
p̂1 q̂1 p̂2 q̂2 p̂1 q̂1 p̂2 q̂2
p̂1 − p̂2 − zα/2 + < p1 − p2 < p̂1 − p̂2 + zα/2 +
large samples n1 n2 n1 n2

σ2 ; (n − 1)s2 (n − 1)s2
2
< σ2 < 2
normal population χα/2,n−1 χ1−α/2,n−1

σ12 /σ22 ; s21 1 σ2 s2

2 < 12 < 12 fα/2,ν2 ,ν1
normal populations s2 fα/2,ν1 ,ν2 σ2 s2

Sample Size

2
zα/2 σ zα/2 2 p̂q̂

Estimating µ n= Estimating p n=
eα e2α
 ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 6

Hypothesis Testing

Ho Test Statistic Ha Reject Ho if

µ < µo z < −zα
µ = µo x̄ − µo
z= √ µ > µo z > zα
σ known σ/ n
µ 6= µo z < −zα/2 or z > zα/2

µ = µo µ < µo t < −tα,ν

x̄ − µo
σ unknown t= √ µ > µo t > tα,ν
s/ n
ν =n−1 µ 6= µo t < −tα/2,ν or t > tα/2,ν

µ1 −µ2 < ∆o z < −zα

µ1 − µ2 = ∆o x̄1 − x̄2 − ∆o
z=p 2 µ1 −µ2 > ∆o z > zα
σ1 and σ2 known σ1 /n1 + σ22 /n2
µ1 − µ2 6= ∆o z < −zα/2 or z > zα/2

x̄1 − x̄2 − ∆o
µ1 − µ2 = ∆o t= p µ1 −µ2 < ∆o t < −tα,ν
sp 1/n1 + 1/n2
σ1 = σ2 but unknown µ1 −µ2 > ∆o t > tα,ν
ν = n1 + n2 − 2 (n1 − 1)s21 + (n2 − 1)s22 µ1 − µ2 6= ∆o t < −tα/2,ν or t > tα/2,ν
s2p =
ν
µD = ∆o µD < ∆o t < −tα,ν
d¯ − ∆o
paired observations t= √ µD > ∆o t > tα,ν
sd / n
ν =n−1 µD 6= ∆o t < −tα/2,ν or t > tα/2,ν

p < po z < −zα

p̂ − po
p = po z = p po qo p > po z > zα
n p 6= po z < −zα/2 or z > zα/2

p̂1 − p̂2
z=p p1 < p2 z < −zα
p̂(1 − p̂)[1/n1 + 1/n2 ]
p1 = p2 p1 > p2 z > zα
Nn1 + Nn2 p1 6= p2 z < −zα/2 or z > zα/2
p̂ =
n1 + n2

σ 2 < σo2 χ2 < χ21−α,n−1

2
(n − 1)s
σ 2 = σo2 χ2 = σ 2 > σo2 χ2 > χ2α,n−1
σo2
σ 2 6= σo2 χ2 < χ21−α/2,n−1 or χ2 > χ2α/2,n−1

σ12 = σ22 σ12 < σ22 f < f1−α,ν1 ,ν2

s2
ν1 = n1 − 1 f = 21 σ12 > σ22 f > fα,ν2 ,ν2
s2
ν2 = n2 − 1 σ12 6= σ22 f < f1−α/2,ν1 ,ν2 or f > fα/2,ν1 ,ν2

Sample Size

1 sample, 1-sided test 1 sample, 2-sided test 2 sample, 1-sided test 2 sample, 2-sided test
2
(zα/2 + zβ )σ 2 (zα + zβ ) 2
(σ12 σ22 ) (zα/2 + zβ )2 (σ12 + σ22 )
  
(zα + zβ )σ +
n= n≃ n= n≃
(µo − µβ ) (µo − µβ ) (∆o − ∆β )2 (∆o − ∆β )2
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 7
Z z
1 1 2
Normal Distribution Φ(z) = √ e− 2 x dx
−∞ 2π

z .00 .01 .02 .03 .04 z

0.0 .50000 .50398 .50797 .51196 .51595 0.0
0.1 .53982 .54379 .54775 .55171 .55567 0.1
0.2 .57925 .58316 .58706 .59095 .59483 0.2
0.3 .61791 .62171 .62551 .62930 .63307 0.3
0.4 .65542 .65909 .66275 .66640 .67003 0.4
0.5 .69146 .69497 .69846 .70194 .70540 0.5
0.6 .72574 .72906 .73237 .73565 .73891 0.6
0.7 .75803 .76114 .76423 .76730 .77035 0.7
0.8 .78814 .79102 .79389 .79673 .79954 0.8
0.9 .81593 .81858 .82121 .82381 .82639 0.9
1.0 .84134 .84375 .84613 .84849 .85083 1.0
1.1 .86433 .86650 .86864 .87076 .87285 1.1
1.2 .88493 .88686 .88876 .89065 .89251 1.2
1.3 .90319 .90490 .90658 .90824 .90987 1.3
1.4 .91924 .92073 .92219 .92364 .92506 1.4
1.5 .93319 .93447 .93574 .93699 .93821 1.5
1.6 .94520 .94630 .94738 .94844 .94949 1.6
1.7 .95543 .95636 .95728 .95818 .95907 1.7
1.8 .96406 .96485 .96562 .96637 .96711 1.8
1.9 .97128 .97193 .97257 .97319 .97381 1.9
2.0 .97724 .97778 .97830 .97882 .97932 2.0
2.1 .98213 .98257 .98299 .98341 .98382 2.1
2.2 .98609 .98644 .98679 .98712 .98745 2.2
2.3 .98927 .98955 .98982 .92 0096 .92 0358 2.3
2.4 .92 1802 .92 2023 .92 2239 .92 2450 .92 2656 2.4
2.5 .92 3790 .92 3963 .92 4132 .92 4296 .92 4457 2.5
2.6 .92 5338 .92 5472 .92 5603 .92 5730 .92 5854 2.6
2.7 .92 6533 .92 6635 .92 6735 .92 6833 .92 6928 2.7
2.8 .92 7444 .92 7522 .92 7598 .92 7672 .92 7744 2.8
2.9 .92 8134 .92 8192 .92 8249 .92 8305 .92 8358 2.9
3.0 .92 8650 .92 8693 .92 8736 .92 8777 .92 8817 3.0
3.1 .93 0323 .93 0645 .93 0957 .93 1259 .93 1552 3.1
3.2 .93 3128 .93 3363 .93 3590 .93 3810 .93 4023 3.2
3.3 .93 5165 .93 5335 .93 5499 .93 5657 .93 5811 3.3
3.4 .93 6630 .93 6751 .93 6868 .93 6982 .93 7091 3.4
3.5 .93 7673 .93 7759 .93 7842 .93 7922 .93 7999 3.5
3.6 .93 8408 .93 8469 .93 8526 .93 8582 .93 8636 3.6
3.7 .93 8922 .93 8963 .94 0038 .94 0426 .94 0799 3.7
3.8 .94 2765 .94 3051 .94 3327 .94 3592 .94 3848 3.8
3.9 .94 5190 .94 5385 .94 5572 .94 5752 .94 5925 3.9
4.0 .94 6832 .94 6964 .94 7090 .94 7211 .94 7327 4.0
Notes:
1) for z = i.jk, where i, j, and k are digits, enter table at line i.j under column .0k (next page for k ≥ 5).
2) 0.94 7327 is short for 0.99997327, etc.
3) Φ(−z) = 1 − Φ(z)
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 8
Z z
1 1 2
Normal Distribution (cont’d) Φ(z) = √ e− 2 x dx
−∞ 2π

z .05 .06 .07 .08 .09 z

0.0 .51993 .52392 .52790 .53188 .53585 0.0
0.1 .55961 .56355 .56749 .57142 .57534 0.1
0.2 .59870 .60256 .60641 .61026 .61409 0.2
0.3 .63683 .64057 .64430 .64802 .65173 0.3
0.4 .67364 .67724 .68082 .68438 .68793 0.4
0.5 .70884 .71226 .71566 .71904 .72240 0.5
0.6 .74215 .74537 .74857 .75174 .75490 0.6
0.7 .77337 .77637 .77935 .78230 .78523 0.7
0.8 .80233 .80510 .80784 .81057 .81326 0.8
0.9 .82894 .83147 .83397 .83645 .83891 0.9
1.0 .85314 .85542 .85769 .85992 .86214 1.0
1.1 .87492 .87697 .87899 .88099 .88297 1.1
1.2 .89435 .89616 .89795 .89972 .90147 1.2
1.3 .91149 .91308 .91465 .91620 .91773 1.3
1.4 .92647 .92785 .92921 .93056 .93188 1.4
1.5 .93942 .94062 .94179 .94294 .94408 1.5
1.6 .95052 .95154 .95254 .95352 .95448 1.6
1.7 .95994 .96079 .96163 .96246 .96327 1.7
1.8 .96784 .96855 .96925 .96994 .97062 1.8
1.9 .97441 .97500 .97558 .97614 .97670 1.9
2.0 .97981 .98030 .98077 .98123 .98169 2.0
2.1 .98422 .98461 .98499 .98537 .98573 2.1
2.2 .98777 .98808 .98839 .98869 .98898 2.2
2.3 .92 0613 .92 0862 .92 1105 .92 1343 .92 1575 2.3
2.4 .92 2857 .92 3053 .92 3244 .92 3430 .92 3612 2.4
2.5 .92 4613 .92 4766 .92 4915 .92 5059 .92 5201 2.5
2.6 .92 5975 .92 6092 .92 6207 .92 6318 .92 6427 2.6
2.7 .92 7020 .92 7109 .92 7197 .92 7282 .92 7364 2.7
2.8 .92 7814 .92 7881 .92 7947 .92 8011 .92 8073 2.8
2.9 .92 8411 .92 8461 .92 8511 .92 8558 .92 8605 2.9
3.0 .92 8855 .92 8893 .92 8929 .92 8964 .92 8999 3.0
3.1 .93 1836 .93 2111 .93 2378 .93 2636 .93 2886 3.1
3.2 .93 4229 .93 4429 .93 4622 .93 4809 .93 4990 3.2
3.3 .93 5959 .93 6102 .93 6241 .93 6375 .93 6505 3.3
3.4 .93 7197 .93 7299 .93 7397 .93 7492 .93 7584 3.4
3.5 .93 8073 .93 8145 .93 8215 .93 8282 .93 8346 3.5
3.6 .93 8688 .93 8738 .93 8787 .93 8833 .93 8878 3.6
3.7 .94 1158 .94 1504 .94 1837 .94 2158 .94 2467 3.7
3.8 .94 4094 .94 4330 .94 4558 .94 4777 .94 4987 3.8
3.9 .94 6092 .94 6252 .94 6406 .94 6554 .94 6696 3.9
4.0 .94 7439 .94 7546 .94 7649 .94 7748 .94 7843 4.0
Notes:
1) for z = i.jk, where i, j, and k are digits, enter table at line i.j under column .0k (prev. page for k < 5).
2) 0.94 7439 is short for 0.99997439, etc.
3) Φ(−z) = 1 − Φ(z)
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 9
 
Inverse Student-t Distribution α = P T > tα,ν

α
ν .40 .25 .10 .05 .025 .01 .005 .0025 .001 .0005
1 0.325 1.000 3.078 6.314 12.706 31.821 63.657 127.321 318.309 636.619
2 0.289 0.816 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 14.089 22.327 31.599
3 0.277 0.765 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 7.453 10.215 12.924
4 0.271 0.741 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 5.598 7.173 8.610
5 0.267 0.727 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 4.773 5.893 6.869
6 0.265 0.718 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 4.317 5.208 5.959
7 0.263 0.711 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 4.029 4.785 5.408
8 0.262 0.706 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 3.833 4.501 5.041
9 0.261 0.703 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 3.690 4.297 4.781
10 0.260 0.700 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 3.581 4.144 4.587
11 0.260 0.697 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 3.497 4.025 4.437
12 0.259 0.695 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 3.428 3.930 4.318
13 0.259 0.694 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 3.372 3.852 4.221
14 0.258 0.692 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 3.326 3.787 4.140
15 0.258 0.691 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 3.286 3.733 4.073
16 0.258 0.690 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 3.252 3.686 4.015
17 0.257 0.689 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.222 3.646 3.965
18 0.257 0.688 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.197 3.610 3.922
19 0.257 0.688 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.174 3.579 3.883
20 0.257 0.687 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.153 3.552 3.850
21 0.257 0.686 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.135 3.527 3.819
22 0.256 0.686 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.119 3.505 3.792
23 0.256 0.685 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.104 3.485 3.768
24 0.256 0.685 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.091 3.467 3.745
25 0.256 0.684 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.078 3.450 3.725
26 0.256 0.684 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.067 3.435 3.707
27 0.256 0.684 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.057 3.421 3.690
28 0.256 0.683 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.047 3.408 3.674
29 0.256 0.683 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.038 3.396 3.659
30 0.256 0.683 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.030 3.385 3.646
40 0.255 0.681 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 2.971 3.307 3.551
50 0.255 0.679 1.299 1.676 2.009 2.403 2.678 2.937 3.261 3.496
60 0.254 0.679 1.296 1.671 2.000 2.390 2.660 2.915 3.232 3.460
70 0.254 0.678 1.294 1.667 1.994 2.381 2.648 2.899 3.211 3.435
80 0.254 0.678 1.292 1.664 1.990 2.374 2.639 2.887 3.195 3.416
90 0.254 0.677 1.291 1.662 1.987 2.368 2.632 2.878 3.183 3.402
100 0.254 0.677 1.290 1.660 1.984 2.364 2.626 2.871 3.174 3.390
110 0.254 0.677 1.289 1.659 1.982 2.361 2.621 2.865 3.166 3.381
120 0.254 0.677 1.289 1.658 1.980 2.358 2.617 2.860 3.160 3.373
∞ 0.253 0.674 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 2.807 3.090 3.291
ENGM2032 Summary Pages pg 10

α = P χ2 > χ2α, ν
 
Inverse χ2 Distribution

α
ν .995 .990 .975 .950 .900 .500 .100 .050 .025 .010 .005
1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.45 2.71 3.84 5.02 6.63 7.88
2 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.10 0.21 1.39 4.61 5.99 7.38 9.21 10.60
3 0.07 0.11 0.22 0.35 0.58 2.37 6.25 7.81 9.35 11.34 12.84
4 0.21 0.30 0.48 0.71 1.06 3.36 7.78 9.49 11.14 13.28 14.86
5 0.41 0.55 0.83 1.15 1.61 4.35 9.24 11.07 12.83 15.09 16.75
6 0.68 0.87 1.24 1.64 2.20 5.35 10.64 12.59 14.45 16.81 18.55
7 0.99 1.24 1.69 2.17 2.83 6.35 12.02 14.07 16.01 18.48 20.28
8 1.34 1.65 2.18 2.73 3.49 7.34 13.36 15.51 17.53 20.09 21.95
9 1.73 2.09 2.70 3.33 4.17 8.34 14.68 16.92 19.02 21.67 23.59
10 2.16 2.56 3.25 3.94 4.87 9.34 15.99 18.31 20.48 23.21 25.19
11 2.60 3.05 3.82 4.57 5.58 10.34 17.28 19.68 21.92 24.72 26.76
12 3.07 3.57 4.40 5.23 6.30 11.34 18.55 21.03 23.34 26.22 28.30
13 3.57 4.11 5.01 5.89 7.04 12.34 19.81 22.36 24.74 27.69 29.82
14 4.07 4.66 5.63 6.57 7.79 13.34 21.06 23.68 26.12 29.14 31.32
15 4.60 5.23 6.26 7.26 8.55 14.34 22.31 25.00 27.49 30.58 32.80
16 5.14 5.81 6.91 7.96 9.31 15.34 23.54 26.30 28.85 32.00 34.27
17 5.70 6.41 7.56 8.67 10.09 16.34 24.77 27.59 30.19 33.41 35.72
18 6.26 7.01 8.23 9.39 10.86 17.34 25.99 28.87 31.53 34.81 37.16
19 6.84 7.63 8.91 10.12 11.65 18.34 27.20 30.14 32.85 36.19 38.58
20 7.43 8.26 9.59 10.85 12.44 19.34 28.41 31.41 34.17 37.57 40.00
21 8.03 8.90 10.28 11.59 13.24 20.34 29.62 32.67 35.48 38.93 41.40
22 8.64 9.54 10.98 12.34 14.04 21.34 30.81 33.92 36.78 40.29 42.80
23 9.26 10.20 11.69 13.09 14.85 22.34 32.01 35.17 38.08 41.64 44.18
24 9.89 10.86 12.40 13.85 15.66 23.34 33.20 36.42 39.36 42.98 45.56
25 10.52 11.52 13.12 14.61 16.47 24.34 34.38 37.65 40.65 44.31 46.93
26 11.16 12.20 13.84 15.38 17.29 25.34 35.56 38.89 41.92 45.64 48.29
27 11.81 12.88 14.57 16.15 18.11 26.34 36.74 40.11 43.19 46.96 49.64
28 12.46 13.56 15.31 16.93 18.94 27.34 37.92 41.34 44.46 48.28 50.99
29 13.12 14.26 16.05 17.71 19.77 28.34 39.09 42.56 45.72 49.59 52.34
30 13.79 14.95 16.79 18.49 20.60 29.34 40.26 43.77 46.98 50.89 53.67
40 20.71 22.16 24.43 26.51 29.05 39.34 51.81 55.76 59.34 63.69 66.77
50 27.99 29.71 32.36 34.76 37.69 49.33 63.17 67.50 71.42 76.15 79.49
60 35.53 37.48 40.48 43.19 46.46 59.33 74.40 79.08 83.30 88.38 91.95
70 43.28 45.44 48.76 51.74 55.33 69.33 85.53 90.53 95.02 100.43 104.21
80 51.17 53.54 57.15 60.39 64.28 79.33 96.58 101.88 106.63 112.33 116.32
90 59.20 61.75 65.65 69.13 73.29 89.33 107.57 113.15 118.14 124.12 128.30
100 67.33 70.06 74.22 77.93 82.36 99.33 118.50 124.34 129.56 135.81 140.17