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Lab#4 Maxwell Bridge

This document describes an experiment to measure unknown inductance using Maxwell's bridge method. The objectives are to implement and analyze the operation of Maxwell's bridge. The introduction provides background on Maxwell bridges and their use in accurate inductance measurement. The theory section derives the equations for balance conditions in an AC bridge circuit. Key conclusions are that the real and imaginary parts of the equations must be satisfied, and the equations are independent of frequency. The experimental procedure involves constructing the Maxwell bridge circuit in Multisim software and measuring unknown inductances for different known inductance values. The lab report is to analyze the industrial and educational applications, suggest improvements, draw conclusions, and prove the balance equations for Maxwell, Schering, and Wein bridges through simulations and

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Rehman Butt
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1K views6 pages

Lab#4 Maxwell Bridge

This document describes an experiment to measure unknown inductance using Maxwell's bridge method. The objectives are to implement and analyze the operation of Maxwell's bridge. The introduction provides background on Maxwell bridges and their use in accurate inductance measurement. The theory section derives the equations for balance conditions in an AC bridge circuit. Key conclusions are that the real and imaginary parts of the equations must be satisfied, and the equations are independent of frequency. The experimental procedure involves constructing the Maxwell bridge circuit in Multisim software and measuring unknown inductances for different known inductance values. The lab report is to analyze the industrial and educational applications, suggest improvements, draw conclusions, and prove the balance equations for Maxwell, Schering, and Wein bridges through simulations and

Uploaded by

Rehman Butt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT No.

4
IMPLEMENT AND ANALYZE THE OPERATION OF MAXWELL
BRIDGE
PRE LAB TASK
Objectives

Measurement of the unknown inductance by using Maxwell bridge method

Introduction

This bridge is used to find out the self inductor and the quality factor of the circuit. As it is based
on the bridge method (i.e. works on the principle of null deflection method), it gives very
accurate results. Maxwell bridge is an AC bridge so before going in further detail let us know
more about the AC bridge.

Theory

AC Bridges consist of a source, balance detector and four arms. In AC bridges, all the four arms
consists of impedance. The AC bridges are formed by replacing the DC battery with an AC
source and galvanometer by detector of Wheatstone bridge.

They are highly useful to find out inductance, capacitance, storage factor, dissipation factor etc.
Now let us derive general expression for an AC bridge balance.
Figure given below shows AC bridge network:

Here Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 are the arms of the bridge.


Now at the balance condition, the potential difference between b and d must be zero. From this,
when the voltage drop from a to d equals to drop from a to b both in magnitude and phase.
Thus, we have from figure e1 = e2 From equation 1, 2 and
3 we have Z1.Z4 = Z2.Z3 and when impedance are replaced by admittance, we have Y1.Y4 =
Y2.Y3.
Now consider the basic form of an AC bridge. Suppose we have bridge circuit as shown below,

In this circuit R3 and R4 are pure electrical resistances. Putting the value of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 in
the equation that we have derived above for AC bridge.

Now equating the real and imaginary parts we get

Following are the important conclusions that can be drawn from the above equations:
1. We get two balanced equations that are obtained by equating real and imaginary parts this
means that for an ac bridge both the relation (i.e.magnitude and phase) must be satisfied at the
same time. Both the equations are said to be independent if and only if both equation contain
single variable element. This variable can be inductor or resistor.
2. The above equations are independent of frequency that means we do not require exact
frequency of the source voltage and also the applied source voltage waveform need not to be
perfectly sinusoidal.
LAB SESSION
Equipment:
 Power Adapter
 NI ELVIS II
 MULTISIM

Precautions:
 While dealing with electric circuits handle the apparatus carefully.
 Make sure the connections are tight.
 Observe the readings carefully.
 Follow the lab safety rules.

Experimental Procedure

1. Construct this circuit on software Multisim.

2. Find the values of unknown inductance.

3. Find the Value of unknown inductance L1 for different values of L2.


Observations and calculations:
Lab Report Should Cover:

Questions

Q.1 How do you analyze this Lab session in the context of industrial application?

Q.2 What suggestions/improvement you want to include in the current session for the future?
Q.3. You are suggested to apply this practical task in Pakistan Industry, how do you justify?
Q.4 What conclusion you drawn from this lab session?
Q.5. What is the balanced condition for Maxwell’s inductance bridge. Show your equations?
Q.5. All the circuits covered in the Lab Session and calculations for the balanced conditions?
Q.6. Implement one circuit each Maxwell Inductance Bridge,Schering Bridge,Maxwell
Wein Bridge(for frequency measurement), on the Multisim , show soft results, print your
results and include in lab manual. Mathematically prove the balance equations for the
bridges as Lab tasks.Derivations. Simualations and Theory of These Bridges is Your Lab
Viva. Include all these Bridges in Lab Report.(Google these bridges and find out balanced
conditions and formulae)
LAB REPORT
Discussion of results

Conclusion /Summary

References

[1] (2016,July) www.yourhandymanzone.com.

[2] ](2016,July) www.encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com.

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