CLASS-XII
REPORT FILE-2023-24
SUBJECT-INFORMATICES PRACTICES (065)
SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO
.................................. Mrs.SHILPI SINHA
This is to certify that Master __________ of class XII, Section ____ has
successfully completed the Report File, In Partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the SSCE Practical Examination of the subject code Informatics Practices
(065).
The Report File work reported here is as per the guidelines of CBSE for SSCE
Practical Examination and it is done under the supervision of SHILPI SINHA.
The Report File work carried out by him/her is not a form of any other Report
File.
Teacher’s Sign. Principal’s Sign.
................................... .................................
External’s Sign.
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I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher SHILPI
SINHA as well as our principal SHINY JOSE who gave me golden opportunity
to do this Report File of INFORMATICS PRACTICES, which also helped me in
doing a lot of research and I came to know new things about it. Without their
help, guidance and support it would be impossible to complete this Report
File.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a
lot in finishing this Report File within limited time. I am making this Report File
not only for marks but also to increase my knowledge.
Student’s Name: .....................................
Class: ......................................
Stream: ......................................
S.NO CONTENTS NAME
1. INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON PANDAS
2. PYTHON PANDAS PROGRAMS 15
3. INTODUCTION TO MATPLOTLIB LIBRARY
4. MATPLOTLIB GRAPHS 5
5. INTRODUCTION TO SQL
6. SQL QUERIES 24
7. Bibliography
INTORDUCTION TO PYTHON PANDAS
Pandas is an open-source library in Python that is made mainly for
working with relational or labeled data both easily and intuitively. It provides
various data structures and operations for manipulating numerical data and
time series. This library is built on top of the NumPy library of Python.
Pandas is fast and it has high performance & productivity for users.
History of Pandas Library
Pandas were initially developed by Wes McKinney in 2008 while he was
working at AQR Capital Management. He convinced the AQR to allow him to
open source the Pandas. Another AQR employee, Chang She, joined as the
second major contributor to the library in 2012. Over time many versions of
pandas have been released. The latest version of the pandas is 1.5.3,
released on Jan 18, 2023.
Why Use Pandas?
Fast and efficient for manipulating and analyzing data.
Data from different file objects can be easily loaded.
Flexible reshaping and pivoting of data sets
Provides time-series functionality.
What can you do using Pandas?
Web development (server-side),
• Software development,
• Mathematics,
• System scripting. What can python do?
• Python can be used on a server to create web application.
• Python can be used alongside software to create workflows.
• Python can connect to database system. It can also read and modify
files.
• Python can be used to handle big data and perform complex
mathematics.
CSV Files
A comma-separated values (CSV) file is a
delimited text file that uses a comma to separate values. Each line of the
file is a data record. Each record consists of one or more fields, separated
by commas. The use of the comma as a field separator is the source of
the name for this file format. A CSV file typically stores tabular data
(numbers and text) in plain text, in which case each line will have the
same number of fields.
The CSV file format is not fully standardized. The basic idea of separating
fields with a comma is clear, but the situation gets complicated when field
data also contain commas or embedded line breaks. CSV implementations
may not handle such field data, or they may use quotation marks to
surround the field. Quotation does not solve everything: some fields may
need embedded quotation marks, so a CSV implementation may include
escape characters or escape sequences.
PANDAS PROGRAM
Data Visualization
Data visualization is the technique to present the data in a pictorial or
graphical format. It enables stakeholders and decision makers to analyze
data visually. The data in a graphical format allows them to identify new
trends and patterns easily.
When they numerical data is plotted on a graph for converted to charts
it's easy to identify the patterns and predicted the result accurately.
The main benefits of data visualization are as follows:
It simplifies the complex quantitative information
It helps analyze and explore big data easily
It identifies the areas that need attention or improvement
It identifies the relationship between data points and variables
It explores new patterns and reveals hidden patterns in the data
Three major considerations for Data Visualization:
Clarity
Accuracy
Efficiency
Visual effect
Coordination System
Data Types and Scale
Informative Interpretation
MATPLOTLIB PROGRAMS
MYSQL
MySQL is a relational database management system based on the Structured
Query Language, which is the popular language for accessing and managing the
records in the database. MySQL is open-source and free software under the
GNU license. It is supported by Oracle Company.
What is Database?
It is very important to understand the database before learning MySQL. A
database is an application that stores the organized collection of records. It can
be accessed and manage by the user very easily. It allows us to organize data
into tables, rows, columns, and indexes to find the relevant information very
quickly. Each database contains distinct API for performing database
operations such as creating, managing, accessing, and searching the data it
stores. Today, many databases available like MySQL, Sybase, Oracle,
MongoDB, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, etc. In this section, we are going to focus
on MySQL mainly.
MySQL is a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) software that
provides many things, which are as follows:
It allows us to implement database operations on tables, rows, columns,
and indexes.
It defines the database relationship in the form of tables (collection of
rows and columns), also known as relations.
It provides the Referential Integrity between rows or columns of various
tables.
It allows us to updates the table indexes automatically.
History of MySQL :-
The project of MySQL was started in 1979 when MySQL's inventor
Michael Widenius developed an in-house database tool called UNIREG
for managing databases. After that, UNIREG has been rewritten in
several different languages and extended to handle big databases. After
some time, Michael Widenius contacted David Hughes, the author of
mSQL, to see if Hughes would be interested in connecting mSQL to
UNIREG's B+ ISAM handler to provide indexing to MySQL. That's the way
MySQL came into existence.
Features of MySQL:-
Easy to use :- MySQL is easy to use. We have to get only the basic
knowledge of SQL. We can build and interact with MySQL by using only a
few simple SQL statements.
It is secure :- MySQL consists of a solid data security layer that protects
sensitive data from intruders. Also, passwords are encrypted in MySQL.
Client/ Server Architecture :- MySQL follows the working of a
client/server architecture. There is a database server (MySQL) and
arbitrarily many clients (application programs), which communicate with
the server; that is, they can query data, save changes, etc.
Free to download :- MySQL is free to use so that we can download it
from MySQL official website without any cost.
It is scalable :- MySQL supports multi-threading that makes it easily
scalable. It can handle almost any amount of data.
Speed :-MySQL is considered one of the very fast database languages,
backed by a large number of the benchmark test.
High Flexibility :-MySQL supports a large number of embedded
applications, which makes MySQL very flexible.
Memory efficiency :- Its efficiency is high because it has a very low
memory leakage problem.
High Performance :- MySQL is faster, more reliable, and cheaper
because of its unique storage engine architecture.
Platform Independent :-It can download, install, and execute on most of
the available operating systems.
Disadvantages of MySQL:
Following are the few disadvantages of MySQL:
MySQL version less than 5.0 doesn't support ROLE, COMMIT,
and stored procedure.
MySQL does not support a very large database size as efficiently.
MySQL doesn't handle transactions very efficiently, and it is prone to
data corruption.
MySQL is accused that it doesn't have a good developing and debugging
tool compared to paid databases.
MySQL doesn't support SQL check constraints.
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Mysql queries
BIBLIOGRAPHY
We took the information for our report File from the
following sources:
Reference books:
1. Informatics Practices by Preeti Arora.
2. Complete reference with Python
3. Data Analysis-Python
