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Retinoids

This document discusses vitamin A, including its natural and synthetic forms called retinoids. The three main vitamers of vitamin A are retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid. Provitamin A includes beta-carotene found in plant foods. Retinol is converted to retinal and then retinoic acid. Vitamin A sources include liver, fish, milk, eggs and plants like carrots. It plays roles in vision, epithelial tissue health, reproduction, immunity and preventing infections. Deficiency can cause night blindness and dry eye disease. Therapeutic uses include treating deficiency with high dose supplements or acne with lower doses. Interactions with vitamins E and K and some drugs can affect its absorption and storage

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16 views17 pages

Retinoids

This document discusses vitamin A, including its natural and synthetic forms called retinoids. The three main vitamers of vitamin A are retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid. Provitamin A includes beta-carotene found in plant foods. Retinol is converted to retinal and then retinoic acid. Vitamin A sources include liver, fish, milk, eggs and plants like carrots. It plays roles in vision, epithelial tissue health, reproduction, immunity and preventing infections. Deficiency can cause night blindness and dry eye disease. Therapeutic uses include treating deficiency with high dose supplements or acne with lower doses. Interactions with vitamins E and K and some drugs can affect its absorption and storage

Uploaded by

rroshan251003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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VITAMIN A

ABINAYA S
RETINOIDS

Natural Synthetic
Vitamers of A
Retinol
Retinal
Retinoic acid

Provitamin A
B-carotene(plant foods)
B-carotene

2 Retinal
Retinol (Vit A Alcohol) Alcohol
Oxidation Oxidation

Retinal (Vit A Aldehyde) Aldehyde


Oxidation
Oxidation

Retinoic (Vit A acid) acid


Source
Liver oils
Marine Fish
Milk
Butter
Egg Yolk
carrot,Turnip,Spinach
Physiological role of Vit A
A) Wald’s Visual cycle
B) To Maintain helathy epithelial tissue

Prevents keratin Synthesis (Horny Surface)


To treat acne
prevent wrinkles
signs of aging
C) Reproduction
spermatogenesis

D) Immunity

Increased Susceptibility to Infection

vitamin A deficiency
Deficiency Symptoms
1. Night Blindness (Nyctalopia)
2. xeropthalmia-Bitot’s Spots

Dryness of conjuctiva cornea


+
keratinization of epithelial cells
Xeropthalmia
Persists

Corneal ulceration and


degeneration
Progress
Keratomalacia —> Total blindness
Therapeutic Uses

Vitamin A deficiency

Rx Prophylaxis

50,000 - 100,000 IU 3000 - 5000 IU/day


i.m or orally for 1 -3 days

Skin diseases like acne and psoriasis.


Drug Interactions
1.Vitamin E
Increased storage Decreased toxicity
Increased utilization of retinol

2.Regular use of liquid paraffin


Vitamin A deficiency

3.Long term oral Neomycin


steatorrhoea
Interferes with vitamin A
absorption
HyperVitaminosis A
Regular ingestion of gross excess of retinol
(100,000 IU) daily for months

Manifestations
Dermatitis, increased intracranial tension,
enlargement of liver,loss of weight and nails,etc
Retinoic Acid
Activity Epithelial Tissues ✔️ Rapidly metabolised
Eye & Reproducive organs ❌ Excretion
Bile and urine
Retinoic Acid

All trans Retinoic acid 13 Cis Retinoic acid

Acne
Retinoid Receptors
—-> Nuclear Receptors
(similar to steroid hormones recpetors)

RAR RxR
RECEPTORS RECEPTORS
Thank you

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