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Lecture 5 EEK477 2023

The document discusses renewable energy and focuses on solar energy captured by photovoltaic (PV) systems. It covers the solar spectrum, estimating sunlight energy, and connecting PV systems. The solar spectrum shows how different wavelengths of light are absorbed by silicon in PV panels. Estimating sunlight energy explains how to measure solar radiation in W/m2 and estimates Malaysia's peak irradiation. Connecting PV systems discusses how panels are wired together and factors that affect output like panel orientation, tracking systems, and keeping the panels clean and free of shading.

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nabilah.abdulghani11
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45 views37 pages

Lecture 5 EEK477 2023

The document discusses renewable energy and focuses on solar energy captured by photovoltaic (PV) systems. It covers the solar spectrum, estimating sunlight energy, and connecting PV systems. The solar spectrum shows how different wavelengths of light are absorbed by silicon in PV panels. Estimating sunlight energy explains how to measure solar radiation in W/m2 and estimates Malaysia's peak irradiation. Connecting PV systems discusses how panels are wired together and factors that affect output like panel orientation, tracking systems, and keeping the panels clean and free of shading.

Uploaded by

nabilah.abdulghani11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Renewable Energy

Dr. Mohd Khairunaz Bin Mat Desa


Room 4.04
[email protected]
Ext : 5873
Capturing the Sun Energy

1. Solar Spectrum
2. Estimating the Sun Energy
3. PV System Connection
Review Questions

1) What is the standard test condition for solar cells or solar panels?
Review Questions

2) What are the standard parameters of a solar panels that are usually found on
the label at the back of solar panel?
Review Questions

3) What is the expected lifetime of a silicon based solar panel?


Review Questions

4) What are the advantages of using a high efficiency solar panel?


Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Absorb by silicon PV
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Heat

Absorb by silicon PV
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Extra Energy
waste Heat

Absorb by silicon PV
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Visible Light

conduction band

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Visible Light
conduction band

Silicon =0.6V
CdTe =0.98V
Cu2ZnGeS4 =1.1V

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Infra-red
conduction band

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Infra-red
conduction band

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Ultraviolet
conduction band

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

Ultraviolet
conduction band

Valence band
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

How to measure
the Sun Energy?
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

How to measure
the Sun Energy?
Solar
Radiation/Energy
meter, Unit W/m2

Can also use luxmeter, but have to do


conversion, unit lumens
Solar Spectrum
Light = Photons = Energy Sources

How to measure
the Sun Energy?

Estimation Power
Malaysia Peak irradiation 850-
900W/m2 x 6hours/daily
Question
Calculate the expected daily power generation from 400Wp solar panel in Malaysia?
Question
Calculate the expected daily power generation from a 400Wp solar panel in Malaysia?

Panel output is 400Wp at STC condition that is 1000W/m2 irradiation.

Daily output = 400W/1000W/m x 900W/m2 x 6hours/daily

= 2160Watt/daily
Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm
Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm
Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm

Average usable sun hours = 6 hours


Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm

Average usable sun hours = 6 hours


Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm

Tracker system follow sun increase overall output to about 30%

Average usable sun hours = 6 hours


Solar Spectrum

7am 7pm

Tracker system follow sun increase overall output to about 30%

Average usable sun hours = 6 hours


Solar Spectrum
Solar Spectrum
Solar Spectrum

Soiling is dirt accumulation on panel, installing at angle help


reducing the soiling effect.
Solar Spectrum

Soiling is dirt accumulation on panel, installing at angle help


reducing the soiling effect.
Solar Spectrum

Soiling is dirt accumulation on panel, installing at angle help


reducing the soiling effect.
Solar Spectrum
Since sources of energy from sunlight it important to keep the PV module surface clean and clear
from shading for optimal output.
Solar Spectrum
Since sources of energy from sunlight it important to keep the PV module surface clean and clear
from shading for optimal output.
Solar Spectrum
Since sources of energy from sunlight it important to keep the PV module surface clean and clear
from shading for optimal output.
Solar Spectrum
Since sources of energy from sunlight it important to keep the PV module surface clean and clear
from shading for optimal output.
Solar Spectrum
Since sources of energy from sunlight it important to keep the PV module surface clean and clear
from shading for optimal output.

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