ANNA UNIVERSITY : : CHENNAI : 600 025.

UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS
B.TECH. LEATHER TECHNOLOGY
REGULATIONS – 2015
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

VISION:

To become a premier Centre of Learning and Research in Leather and Allied

Technologies.

MISSION:

MD1 To provide quality education in the area of Leather Technology with high
professional values

MD 2: To share and disseminate expertise to provide solutions for the problems faced by
the Leather industry.

MD 3 To build an expertise based capsule of delivering technology to leather and allied

sectors.

MD 4 To provide a learning ambience for innovators, researchers and technologists

1. PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs) :

PEO1 To demonstrate core competency in basic mathematics, scientific and

engineering fundamental to design , formulate, analyse and solve the problems
of leather and allied sectors.

PEO2 To pursue lifelong multidisciplinary learning as professional engineers,

researchers and scientists and effectively communicate technical information

PEO3 To practice values and exhibit leadership qualities and team spirit to promote
entrepreneurship and indigenization

2. PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (POs):

Graduate Attribute Programme Outcome

PO1 Engineering knowledge Apply knowledge of mathematics, basic
science
and engineering science.
PO2 Problem analysis Identify, formulate and solve engineering
problems.

1
 PO3 Design/development of solutionsDesign a system or process to improve
its performance, satisfying its constraints.
PO4 Conduct investigations of Conduct experiments and collect, analyze
complex problems and interpret the data.
PO5 Modern tool usage Apply various tools and techniques to
improve the efficiency of the system.
PO6 The Engineer and society Conduct themselves to uphold the
professional and social obligations.
PO7 Environment and sustainability Design the system with environment
consciousness and sustainable
development.
PO8 Ethics Interacting industry, business and society in
a professional and ethical manner.
PO9 Individual and team work Function in a multidisciplinary team.
PO10 Communication Proficiency in oral and written
Communication.
PO11 Project management and finance Implement cost effective and improved
system.
PO12 Life-long learning Continue professional development and
learning as a life-long activity.

3. PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs):

PSO1 Understand and apply the foundational knowledge to make a successful career in
leather and leather products sector.

PSO2 Ability to identify the problems of the leather sector and provide solutions.

PSO3 Ability in manning and managing leather sector towards its sustainable development

4. MAPPING OF PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVE WITH PROGRAMME

OUTCOMES

Programme Programme Outcomes

Educational
Objectives
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

I 3 3 2 2 2 1 - 1 2 1 1 1
II 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 1 3 1 3
III - - 1 - 1 3 3 3 3 1 3 1

2
 ANNA UNIVERSITY : : CHENNAI : 600 025.
UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS
B.TECH. LEATHER TECHNOLOGY
REGULATIONS – 2015
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
CURRICULA AND SYLLABI I – VIII SEMESTERS

SEMESTER I

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. HS7151 Foundational English HS 4 4 0 0 4
2. MA7151 Mathematics – I BS 4 4 0 0 4
3. PH7151 Engineering Physics BS 3 3 0 0 3
4. CY7151 Engineering Chemistry BS 3 3 0 0 3
5. GE7151 Computing Techniques ES 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
6. BS7161 Basic Sciences Laboratory BS 4 0 0 4 2
7. GE7161 Computer Practices Laboratory ES 4 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 25 17 0 8 21

SEMESTER II

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEG CONTACT

CODE ORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. HS7251 Technical English HS 4 4 0 0 4
2. MA7251 Mathematics II BS 4 4 0 0 4
3. PH7257 Physics of Materials ES 3 3 0 0 3
4. CY7255 Chemistry for Technologists ES 3 3 0 0 3
5. GE7153 Engineering Mechanics ES 4 4 0 0 4
6. GE7152 Engineering Graphics ES 5 3 2 0 4
PRACTICALS
7. GE7162 Engineering Practices ES
4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
TOTAL 27 21 2 4 24

3
 SEMESTER III

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

L T P C
CODE GORY PERIODS
THEORY
1. EE7254 Principles of Electrical and ES 3 3 0 0 3
Electronics Engineering
2. LT7301 Chemistry for Leather BS 3 3 0 0 3
Technologists
3. LT7302 Introduction to Leather PC 3 3 0 0 3
Manufacture
4. LT7303 Principles of Unit Operations PC 3 3 0 0 3
and Processes in Leather and
Leather Chemicals
Manufacture
5. LT7304 Theory of Skin Proteins and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Pre-tanning Processes
6. MA7356 Probability and Random BS 4 4 0 0 4
Processes
PRACTICALS
7. EE7261 Electrical and Electronics ES 4 0 0 4 2
Engineering Laboratory
8. LT7311 Practice in Tanning PC 4 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 27 19 0 8 23

SEMESTER IV

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. LT7401 Bovine Leather Manufacturing PC 3 3 0 0 3
Technologies
2. LT7402 Instrumental Methods of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Analysis for Leather
Technologists
3. LT7403 Leather Biotechnology and its PC 3 3 0 0 3
Application in Leather
4. LT7404 Theory of Material Testing of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Leathers
5. LT7405 Theory of Organic and PC 4 4 0 0 4
Inorganic Tannages
6. MA7354 Numerical Methods BS 4 4 0 0 4
PRACTICALS
7. LT7411 Leather Manufacture from PC 6 0 0 6 3
Hides
8. LT7412 Material Testing Laboratory – I PC 4 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 30 20 0 10 25

4
 SEMESTER V

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. HS7551 Employability Skills HS 3 3 0 0 3
2. LT7501 Technology of Light PC 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Manufacture
from Skins
3. LT7502 Theory and Practice of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Post Tanning Process
4. Professional Elective - I PE 3 3 0 0 3
5. Professional Elective – II PE 3 3 0 0 3
6. Professional Elective – III PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
7. LT7511 Industrial Internship – I* EEC 4* 0 0 4* 2
8. LT7512 Leather Manufacture PC 6 0 0 6 3
from Skins
9. LT7513 Material Testing PC 4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory – II
TOTAL 32 18 0 14 25

* 1 month internship in leather or leather chemicals unit to be undertaken during summer

vacation after semester IV
*Course from the curriculum of other UG Programmes

SEMESTER VI

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. LT7601 Environmental Science PC 3 3 0 0 3
and Engineering for
Leather Sector
2. LT7602 Leather Goods and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Garments Technology
3. LT7603 Leather Machineries ES 5 3 2 0 4
4. LT7604 Theory and Practice of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Finishing
5. Professional Elective IV PE 3 3 0 0 3
6. Open Elective I** OE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
7. LT7611 Finishing Practice PC 4 0 0 4 2
Laboratory
8. LT7612 Leather Goods and PC 6 0 0 6 3
Garments – Design and
Fabrication Laboratory
TOTAL 30 18 2 10 24

5
 SEMESTER VII

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
THEORY
1. GE7652 Total Quality HS 3 3 0 0 3
Management
2. LT7701 Footwear Technology PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. LT7702 Science and Technology PC 3 3 0 0 3
of Leather Auxiliaries
4. Professional Elective V PE 3 3 0 0 3
5. Professional Elective VI PE 3 3 0 0 3
6. Open Elective II** OE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
7. LT7711 Leather Footwear – PC 6 0 0 6 3
Design and Fabrication
Laboratory
8. LT7712 Industrial Internship – II* EEC 4* 0 0 4* 2
9. LT7713 Mini Project EEC 4 0 0 4 2
TOTAL 32 18 0 14 25

* 1 month internship in leather or leather products unit to be undertaken during summer vacation
after semester VI
*Course from the curriculum of other UG Programmes

SEMESTER VIII

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

CODE GORY L T P C
PERIODS
PRACTICALS
1. LT7811 Project Work EEC 20 0 0 20 10
TOTAL 20 0 0 20 10

TOTAL NO. OF CREDITS: 177

6
 PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES (PE)

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATE CONTACT

L T P C
CODE GORY PERIODS
1. GE7071 Disaster Management PE 3 3 0 0 3
2. GE7074 Human Rights PE 3 3 0 0 3
3. LT7001 Advanced Physics and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Chemistry of Leather I
(APCL I)
4. LT7002 Advanced Physics and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Chemistry of Leather II
(APCL II)
5. LT7003 CAD/CAM for Leather PE 3 3 0 0 3
Products Design and
Manufacture
6. LT7004 Computer Applications for PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather and Leather
Products
7. LT7005 Consumer Behavior and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Business Orientation
8. LT7006 Eco-benign Options for PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Processing
9. LT7007 Engineering Economics PE 3 3 0 0 3
and Finance Management
10. LT7008 Enterprise Resource PE 3 3 0 0 3
Planning for Leather
Sector
11. LT7009 Entrepreneurship for PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Sector
12. LT7010 Fashion Forecasting for PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather and Leather
Products
13. LT7011 Human Resources PE 3 3 0 0 3
Development
14. LT7012 International Marketing PE 3 3 0 0 3
and Foreign Trade
15. LT7013 Leather and Leather PE 3 3 0 0 3
Products Costing
16. LT7014 Leather and Product PE 3 3 0 0 3
Merchandising
17. LT7015 Leather Products PE 3 3 0 0 3
Machinery
18. LT7016 Organisation and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Management of Leather
Manufacture
19. LT7017 Polymer Science PE 3 3 0 0 3
20. LT7018 Safety in Leather PE 3 3 0 0 3
Industries
21. LT7019 Science and Technology of PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Supplements and
Synthetics

7
 22. LT7020 Technology of Animal and PE 3 3 0 0 3
Tannery By products
Utilisation
23. LT7021 Value Engineering in PE 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Sector
Foundation Skills in
GE7072 Integrated Product PE 3 3 0 0 3
24.
Development

Humanities and Social Sciences (HS)

S. COURSE CATEG CONTACT
COURSE TITLE L T P C
NO CODE ORY PERIODS
1. HS7151 Foundational English HS 4 4 0 0 4
2. HS7251 Technical English HS 4 4 0 0 4
3. HS7551 Employability Skills HS 3 3 0 0 3
4. GE7652 Total Quality Management HS 3 3 0 0 3

Basic Sciences (BS)

S. Course CATEG CONTACT
No Code Course Title ORY L T P C
PERIODS
1. MA7151 Mathematics – I BS 4 4 0 0 4
2. PH7151 Engineering Physics BS 4 4 0 0 4
3. CY7151 Engineering Chemistry BS 4 4 0 0 4
4. BS7161 Basic Science Laboratory BS 4 0 0 4 2
5. MA7251 Mathematics II BS 4 4 0 0 4
6. MA7356 Probability and Random Processes BS 4 4 0 0 4
7. LT7301 Chemistry for Leather Technologists BS 3 3 0 0 3
8. MA7354 Numerical Methods BS 4 4 0 0 4

Engineering Sciences (ES)

S. Course CATEG CONTACT
No Code Course Title ORY L T P C
PERIODS
1. GE7152 Engineering Graphics ES 4 2 2 0 3
2. GE7162 Engineering Practices Laboratory ES 4 0 0 4 2
3. GE7151 Computing Techniques ES 4 2 2 0 3
4. GE7161 Computer Practices Laboratory ES 4 0 0 4 2
5. GE7153 Engineering Mechanics ES 3 3 0 0 3
6. EE7254 Principles of Electrical and ES 3
3 0 0 3
Electronics Engineering
7. PH7257 Physics of Materials ES 3 3 0 0 3
8. CY7255 Chemistry for Technologists ES 3 3 0 0 3
9. LT7603 Leather Machineries ES 5 3 2 0 4
10. EE 7261 Electrical and Electronics ES 4
0 0 4 2
Engineering Laboratory
11. LT7603 Leather Machineries ES 5 3 2 0 4

8
 Professional Core (PC)
S. Course CATE CONTACT
No Code Course Title GORY L T P C
PERIODS
1. LT7302 Introduction to Leather PC 3 3 0 0 3
Manufacture
2. LT7303 Principles of Unit Operations and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Processes in Leather and Leather
Chemicals Manufacture
3. LT7402 Instrumental Methods of Analysis PC 3 3 0 0 3
for Leather Technologists
4. LT7304 Theory of Skin Proteins and Pre- PC 3 3 0 0 3
tanning Processes
5. LT7311 Practice in Tanning PC 4 0 0 4 2
6. LT7401 Bovine Leather Manufacturing PC 3 3 0 0 3
Technologies
7. LT7405 Theory of Organic and Inorganic PC 4 4 0 0 4
Tannages
8. LT7404 Theory of Material Testing of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Leathers
9. LT7403 Leather Bio Technology and its PC 3 3 0 0 3
Application in Leather
10. LT7412 Material Testing Laboratory – I PC 4 0 0 4 2
11. LT7411 Leather Manufacture from Hides PC 6 0 0 6 3
12. LT7501 Technology of Leather PC 3 3 0 0 3
Manufacture from Skins
13. LT7502 Theory and Practice of Post PC 3 3 0 0 3
Tanning Processes
14. LT7513 Material Testing Laboratory – II PC 4 0 0 4 2
15. LT7512 Leather Manufacture from skins PC 6 0 0 6 3
16. LT7601 Environmental Science and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Engineering for Leather Sector
17. LT7602 Leather Goods and Garments PC 3 3 0 0 3
Technology
18. LT7604 Theory and Practice of Leather PC 3 3 0 0 3
Finishing
19. LT7612 Leather Goods and Garments – PC 6 0 0 6 3
Design and Fabrication Laboratory
20. LT7611 Finishing Practice Laboratory PC 4 0 0 4 2
21. LT7701 Footwear Technology PC 3 3 0 0 3
22. LT7702 Science and Technology of PC 3 3 0 0 3
Leather Auxiliaries
23. LT7711 Leather Footwear – Design and PC 6 0 0 6 3
Fabrication laboratory

9
 EMPLOYABILITY ENHANCEMENT COURSES (EEC)

S.No COURSE COURSE TITLE CATEG CONTACT

L T P C
CODE ORY PERIODS
1. LT 7511 Industrial Internship - I EEC 4 0 0 4 2
2. LT 7712 Industrial Internship - II EEC 4 0 0 4 2
3. LT7713 Mini Project EEC 4 0 0 4 2
4. LT7811 Project Work EEC 20 0 0 20 10

10
 SUMMARY

S.N SUBJECT CREDITS PER SEMESTER CREDITS

O AREA TOTAL
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 HS 4 4 0 0 3 0 3 0 11

2 BS 15 10 7 4 0 0 0 0 36

3 ES 5 10 5 0 0 4 0 0 24

4 PC 0 0 11 21 11 14 9 0 66

5 PE 0 0 0 0 9 3 6 0 18

6 OE 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 6

7 EEC 0 0 0 0 2 0 4 10 16

Total 21 24 23 25 25 24 25 10 177

8 Non-Credit/
Mandatory

11
HS7151 FOUNDATIONAL ENGLISH LT PC
4 0 04
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course aims at developing the language skills necessary for the first year students of
Engineering and Technology.

OBJECTIVES:
 To develop the four language skills – Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing.
 To improve the students’ communicative competence in English.
 To teach students the various aspects of English language usage.

CONTENTS

UNIT I GREETING AND INTRODUCING ONESELF 12

Listening- Types of listening – Listening to short talks, conversations; Speaking – Speaking
about one’s place, important festivals etc. – Introducing oneself, one’s family/ friend;Reading –
Skimming a passage– Scanning for specific information;Writing- Guided writing - Free writing on
any given topic ( My favourite place/ Hobbies/ School life, writing about one’s leisure time activities,
hometown, etc.); Grammar – Tenses (present and present continuous) -Question types - Regular
and irregular verbs; Vocabulary – Synonyms and Antonyms.

UNIT II GIVING INSTRUCTIONS AND DIRECTIONS 12

Listening – Listening and responding to instructions; Speaking – Telephone etiquettee - Giving
oral instructions/ Describing a process – Asking and answering questions; Reading – Reading and
finding key information in a given text - Critical reading - Writing –Process description( non-
technical)- Grammar – Tense (simple past& past continuous) - Use of imperatives – Subject –
verb agreement – Active and passive voice; - Vocabulary – Compound words – Word formation –
Word expansion ( root words).

UNIT III READING AND UNDERSTANDING VISUAL MATERIAL 12

Listening- Listening to lectures/ talks and completing a task; Speaking –Role play/ Simulation –
Group interaction; Reading – Reading and interpreting visual material;Writing- Jumbled sentences
– Discourse markers and Cohesive devices – Essay writing (cause & effect/ narrative);Grammar –
Tenses (perfect), Conditional clauses –Modal verbs; Vocabulary –Cause and effect words;
Phrasal verbs in context.

UNIT IV CRITICAL READING AND WRITING 12

Listening- Watching videos/ documentaries and responding to questions based on them;
SpeakingInformal and formal conversation;Reading –Critical reading (prediction &
inference);Writing–Essay writing ( compare & contrast/ analytical) – Interpretation of visual
materials;Grammar – Tenses (future time reference);Vocabulary – One word substitutes (with
meanings) – Use of abbreviations & acronyms – Idioms in sentences.

UNIT V LETTER WRITING AND SENDING E-MAILS 12

Listening- Listening to programmes/broadcast/ telecast/ podcast;Speaking – Giving impromptu
talks, Making presentations on given topics- Discussion on the presentation;Reading –Extensive
reading;Writing- Poster making – Letter writing (Formal and E-mail) ;Grammar – Direct and
Indirect speech – Combining sentences using connectives;Vocabulary –Collocation;

TEACHING METHODS:
Interactive sessions for the speaking module.
Use of audio – visual aids for the various listening activities.
Contextual Grammar Teaching.
12
EVALUATION PATTERN:
Internals – 50%
End Semester – 50%
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
 Students will improve their reading and writing skills
 Students will become fluent and proficient in communicative English
 Students will be able to improve their interpersonal communication

TEXTBOOK:
1. Richards, Jack.C with Jonathan Hull and Susan Proctor New Interchange : English for
International Communication. (level2, Student’s Book) Cambridge University Press,New
Delhi: 2010.

REFERENCES:
1. Bailey, Stephen. Academic Writing: A practical guide for students. New York:
Rutledge,2011.
2. Morgan, David and Nicholas Regan. Take-Off: Technical English for Engineering. London:
Garnet Publishing Limited, 2008.
3. Redston, Chris & Gillies Cunningham Face2Face (Pre-intermediate Student’s Book&
Workbook) Cambridge University Press, New Delhi: 2005
4. Comfort, Jeremy, et al. Speaking Effectively : Developing Speaking Skillsfor Business
English. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: Reprint 2011.

MA7151 MATHEMATICS – I L T P C
4 0 0 4
(Common to all branches of B.E. /B.Tech. Programmes in I Semester)
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The goal of this course is for students to gain proficiency in calculus computations.
In calculus, we use three main tools for analyzing and describing the behavior of functions:
limits, derivatives, and integrals. Students will use these tools to solve application problems
in a variety of settings ranging from physics and biology to business and economics.
 To make the student acquire sound knowledge of techniques in solving ordinary differential
equations that model engineering problems.
 To familiarize the student with functions of several variables. This is needed in many
branches of engineering.
 To acquaint the student with mathematical tools needed in evaluating multiple integrals and
their usage.

UNIT I DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 12

Representation of functions - New functions from old functions - Limit of a function - Limits at
infinity - Continuity - Derivatives - Differentiation rules - Polar coordinate system - Differentiation in
polar coordinates - Maxima and Minima of functions of one variable.

UNIT II FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES 12

Partial derivatives – Homogeneous functions and Euler’s theorem – Total derivative –
Differentiation of implicit functions – Change of variables – Jacobians – Partial differentiation of
implicit functions – Taylor’s series for functions of two variables – Errors and approximations –

13
Maxima and minima of functions of two variables – Lagrange’s method of undetermined
multipliers.

UNIT III INTEGRAL CALCULUS 12

Definite and Indefinite integrals - Substitution rule - Techniques of Integration - Integration by
parts, Trigonometric integrals, Trigonometric substitutions, Integration of rational functions by
partial fraction, Integration of irrational functions - Improper integrals.

UNIT IV MULTIPLE INTEGRALS 12

Double integrals – Change of order of integration – Double integrals in polar coordinates – Area
enclosed by plane curves – Triple integrals – Volume of solids – Change of variables in double
and triple integrals.

UNIT V DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12

Method of variation of parameters – Method of undetermined coefficients – Homogenous
equation of Euler’s and Legendre’s type – System of simultaneous linear differential equations
with constant coefficients.
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES
 Understanding of the ideas of limits and continuity and an ability to calculate with them and
apply them.
 Improved facility in algebraic manipulation.
 Fluency in differentiation.
 Fluency in integration using standard methods, including the ability to find an appropriate
method for a given integral.
 Understanding the ideas of differential equations and facility in solving simple standard
examples.

TEXT BOOKS
1. James Stewart, "Calculus with Early Transcendental Functions", Cengage Learning, New
Delhi, 2008.
2. Narayanan S. and Manicavachagom Pillai T. K., “Calculus" Volume I and II, S. Viswanathan
Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, 2007.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, "Advanced Engineering Mathematics", John Wiley and Sons, 9th Edition,
New Delhi, 2014.
4. Grewal B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 43 rd
Edition, 2014.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Ramana B.V., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Tata McGraw Hill Co. Ltd., New Delhi,
11th Reprint, 2010.
2. Jain R.K. and Iyengar S.R.K., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Narosa Publications,
New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 2007.
3. Bali N., Goyal M. and Watkins C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Firewall Media (An
imprint of Lakshmi Publications Pvt., Ltd.,), New Delhi, 7 th Edition, 2009.
4. Greenberg M.D., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2 nd
Edition, 5th Reprint, 2009.
5. Peter V.O’Neil, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Cengage Learning India Pvt., Ltd,
New Delhi, 2007.

14
PH7151 ENGINEERING PHYSICS L T P C
(Common to all branches of B.E / B.Tech programmes) 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVE:
 To introduce the concept and different ways to determine moduli of elasticity and applications.
 To instill the concept of sound, reverberation, noise cancellation, and ultrasonic generation,
detection and applications
 To inculcate an idea of thermal properties of materials, heat flow through materials and
quantum physics
 To promote the basic understanding of interferometers, principles and applications of lasers,
optical fibers and sensors
 To establish a sound grasp of knowledge on the basics, significance and growth of single
crystals

UNIT I PROPERTIES OF MATTER 9

Elasticity – Poisson’s ratio and relationship between moduli (qualitative) - stress-strain diagram for
ductile and brittle materials, uses - factors affecting elastic modulus and tensile strength - bending
of beams - cantilever - bending moment - Young’s modulus determination - theory and experiment
- uniform and non-uniform bending - I shaped girders - twisting couple - hollow cylinder - shaft -
torsion pendulum - determination of rigidity modulus- moment of inertia of a body (regular and
irregular).

UNIT II ACOUSTICS AND ULTRASONICS 9

Classification of sound - loudness and intensity - Weber-Fechner Law - standard intensity and
intensity level - decibel - reverberation - reverberation time - calculation of reverberation time for
different types of buildings – sound absorbing materials - factors affecting acoustics of buildings :
focussing, interference, echo, echelon effect, resonance - noise and their remedies. Ultrasonics:
production - magnetostriction and piezoelectric methods - detection of ultrasound - acoustic grating
– ultrasonic interferometer - industrial applications – Non-destructive testing - ultrasonic method:
scan modes and practice.

UNIT III THERMAL AND MODERN PHYSICS 9

Thermal expansion - thermal stress - expansion joints - bimetallic strips - thermal conductivity- heat
conductions in solids – flow of heat through compound media - Forbe’s and Lee’s disc method:
theory and experiment- Black body radiation – Planck’s theory (derivation) – Compton effect –
wave model of radiation and matter – Schrödinger’s wave equation – time dependent and
independent equations – Physical significance of wave function – particle in a one dimensional box.

UNIT IV APPLIED OPTICS 9

Interference - Michelson interferometer: construction, working, determination of wave length and
thickness - anti-reflection coating - air wedge and its applications - Lasers – principle and
applications – Einstein’s coefficients – CO2 and Nd:YAG laser - semiconductor lasers: homo
junction and hetro junction - construction and working – applications. Optical fibres - classification
(index & mode based) - principle and propagation of light in optical fibres - acceptance angle and
numerical aperture - fibre optic communication system - active and passive sensors.

UNIT V CRYSTAL PHYSICS 9

Single crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous materials – Single crystals: unit cell, crystal
systems, Bravais lattices, ditections and planes in a crystal, Miller indices - interplanar distance for
a cubic crystal - coordination number and packing factor for SC, BCC, FCC, HCP and diamond
structures - structure and significance of NaCl, CsCl, ZnS and graphite - crystal imperfections:
point defects, line defects – Burger vectors, dislocations and stacking faults – Growth of single
crystals: Bridgman and Czochralski methods.
15
 TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
 The students will understand different moduli of elasticity, their determination and applications.
 The students will gain knowledge on the properties of sound, noise cancellation, and
production, detection and applications of ultrasonics
 The students will acquire sound knowledge on thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of
materials. Further they will gain an idea of quantum physics.
 The students will gain knowledge on interferometers, lasers and fiber optics
 The students will secure knowledge on the basics of crystal structures and their significance.
Further they gain basic ideas of growing single crystals.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Gaur R.K. and Gupta S.L., “Engineering Physics”, Dhanpat Rai Publications (2013)
2. Palanisamy P.K., “Engineering Physics”, Scitech Publications (P) Ltd. (2006).
2. Arumugam M., “Engineering Physics”, Anuradha Publications (2000)

REFERENCES:
1. Serway R.A. and Jewett, J.W. “Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics”.
Brooks/cole Publishing Co. (2010).
2. Tipler P.A. and Mosca, G.P., “Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics”.
W.H.Freeman, (2007).
3. Markert J.T.,Ohanian, H. and Ohanian, M. “Physics for Engineers and Scientists”. W.W.Norton
& Co. (2007).

CY7151 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY L T P C

3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
 To develop an understanding about fundamentals of polymer chemistry.
 Brief elucidation on surface chemistry and catalysis.
 To develop sound knowledge photochemistry and spectroscopy.
 To impart basic knowledge on chemical thermodynamics.
 To understand the basic concepts of nano chemistry.

UNIT I POLYMER CHEMISTRY 9

Introduction: Functionality-degree of polymerization. Classification of polymers- natural and
synthetic, thermoplastic and thermosetting. Types and mechanism of polymerization: addition
(free radical, cationic, anionic and living); condensation and copolymerization. Properties of
polymers: Tg, tacticity, molecular weight-weight average, number average and polydispersity
index. Techniques of polymerization: Bulk, emulsion, solution and suspension.

UNIT II SURFACE CHEMISTRYAND CATALYSIS 9

Adsorption-Types of adsorption-adsorption of gases on solids- adsorption from solutions- Types
of isotherms–Frendlich adsorption isotherm,Langmuir adsorption isotherm.Industrial applications
of adsorption. Catalysis: Characteristics and types of catalysts-homogeneous and
heterogeneous, auto catalysis. Enzyme catalysis -factors affecting enzyme catalysis, Michaelis-
Menton equation.Industrial applications of catalysts.

UNIT III PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND SPECTROSCOPY 9

Photochemistry: Laws of photochemistry-Grotthuss-Draper law, Stark-Einstein law and Lambert-
Beer Law. Photo processes-internal conversion, inter-system crossing, fluorescence,
phosphorescence, chemiluminescence and photo-sensitization. Spectroscopy: Electromagnetic
spectrum-absorption of radiation-electronic, vibrational and rotational transitions. Width and
intensities of spectral lines.Spectrophotometric estimation of iron.UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy-

16
principles, instrumentation (Block diagram) and applications.

UNIT IV CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS 9

Second law: Entropy-entropy change for an ideal gas, reversible and irreversible processes;
entropy of phase transitions; Free energy and work function: Helmholtzand Gibbs free energy
functions; Criteria of spontaneity; Gibbs-Helmholtz equation; Clausius Clapeyron equation;
Maxwell relations-Van’t Hoff isotherm and isochore. Chemical potential; Gibbs-Duhem equation-
variation of chemical potential with temperature and pressure.

UNIT V NANOCHEMISTRY 9
Basics-distinction between molecules, nanoparticles and bulk materials; size-dependent
properties.Preparation of nanoparticles – sol-gel and solvothermal.Preparation of carbon
nanotube by chemical vapour deposition and laser ablation.Preparation of nanowires by VLS
growth, electrochemical deposition and electro spinning.Properties and uses of nanoparticles,
nanoclusters, nanorods, nanotubes and nanowires.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
 Will be familiar with polymer chemistry, surface chemistry and catalysis.
 Will know the photochemistry, spectroscopy and chemical thermodynamics.
 Will know the fundamentals of nano chemistry.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Jain P. C. & Monica Jain., “Engineering Chemistry”, DhanpatRai Publishing Company (P)
Ltd, New Delhi, 2014.
2. Kannan P., Ravikrishnan A., “Engineering Chemistry”, Sri Krishna Hitech Publishing
Company Pvt. Ltd. Chennai, 2014

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Pahari A., Chauhan B., “Engineering Chemistry”, Firewall Media, New Delhi, 2012.
2. Sivasankar B., “Engineering Chemistry”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New
Delhi, 2012.
3. AshimaSrivastava. Janhavi N N, Concepts of Engineering Chemistry”, ACME Learning
Private Limited., New Delhi., 2010.
4. Vairam S., Kalyani P., Suba Ramesh., “Engineering Chemistry”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd., New
Delhi., 2011.

GE7151 COMPUTING TECHNIQUES L T P C

(Common to all branches of Engineering and Technology) 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES:
• To learn programming using a structured programming language.
• To provide C programming exposure.
• To introduce foundational concepts of computer programming to students of different branches
of Engineering and Technology.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to Computers – Computer Software – Computer Networks and Internet - Need for
logical thinking – Problem formulation and development of simple programs - Pseudo code - Flow
Chart and Algorithms.

UNIT II C PROGRAMMING BASICS 9

17
Introduction to C programming – Fundamentals – Structure of a C program – Compilation and
linking processes - Constants, Variables – Data Types – Expressions - Operators –Decision
Making and Branching – Looping statements – Solving Simple Scientific and Statistical Problems.

UNIT III ARRAYS AND STRINGS 9

Arrays – Initialization – Declaration – One dimensional and two dimensional arrays - Strings- String
operations – String Arrays - simple programs- sorting- searching – matrix operations.

UNIT IV POINTERS 9
Macros - Storage classes –Basic concepts of Pointers– Pointer arithmetic - Example Problems -
Basic file operations

UNIT V FUNCTIONS AND USER DEFINED DATA TYPES 9

Function – definition of function – Declaration of function – Pass by value – Pass by reference –
Recursion –Enumerators – Structures - Unions
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
• Write C program for simple applications
• Formulate algorithm for simple problems
• Analyze different data types and arrays
• Perform simple search and sort.
• Use programming language to solve problems.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Pradip Dey, Manas Ghosh, “Computer Fundamentals and Programming in C”,
Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2013
2. Ashok N. Kamthane, “Computer programming”, Pearson Education, 2007.
3. Yashavant P. Kanetkar. “Let Us C”, BPB Publications, 2011.

REFERENCES:
1. Kernighan,B.W and Ritchie,D.M, “The C Programming language”, Second Edition,
Pearson Education, 2006
2. Byron S Gottfried, “Programming with C”, Schaums Outlines, Second Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 2006.
3. R.G. Dromey, “How to Solve it by Computer”, Pearson Education, Fourth Reprint, 2007

BS7161 BASIC SCIENCES LABORATORY LT P C

(Common to all branches of B.E. / B.Tech Programmes) 0 04 2

PHYSICS LABORATORY: (Any Seven Experiments)

OBJECTIVE:
 To inculcate experimental skills to test basic understanding of physics of materials including
properties of matter, thermal and optical properties.
 To induce the students to familiarize with experimental determination of velocity of
ultrasonic waves, band gap determination and viscosity of liquids.

1. Torsional pendulum - Determination of rigidity modulus of wire and moment of inertia of disc
2. Non-uniform bending - Determination of young’s modulus
3. Uniform bending – Determination of young’s modulus
4. Lee’s disc Determination of thermal conductivity of a bad conductor
18
 5. Potentiometer-Determination of thermo e.m.f of a thermocouple
6. Laser- Determination of the wave length of the laser using grating
7. Air wedge - Determination of thickness of a thin sheet/wire
8. a) Optical fibre -Determination of Numerical Aperture and acceptance angle
b) Compact disc- Determination of width of the groove using laser.
9. Acoustic grating- Determination of velocity of ultrasonic waves in liquids.
10. Ultrasonic interferometer – determination of the velocity of sound and compressibility of
liquids
11. Post office box -Determination of Band gap of a semiconductor.
12. Spectrometer- Determination of wavelength using gating.
13. Viscosity of liquids - Determination of co-efficient of viscosity of a liquid by
Poiseuille’s flow
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS

OUTCOME:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able
 To determine various moduli of elasticity and also various thermal and optical properties of
materials.
 To determine the velocity of ultrasonic waves, band gap determination and viscosity of
liquids.
CHEMISTRY LABORATORY:

(Minimum of 8 experiments to be conducted)

1. Estimation of HCl using Na2CO3 as primary standard and Determination of alkalinity in water
sample.
2. Determination of total, temporary & permanent hardness of water by EDTA method.
3. Determination of DO content of water sample by Winkler’s method.
4. Determination of chloride content of water sample by argentometric method.
5. Estimation of copper content of the given solution by Iodometry.
6. Determination of strength of given hydrochloric acid using pH meter.
7. Determination of strength of acids in a mixture of acids using conductivity meter.
8. Estimation of iron content of the given solution using potentiometer.
9. Estimation of iron content of the water sample using spectrophotometer (1, 10-
Phenanthroline/thiocyanate method).
10. Estimation of sodium and potassium present in water using flame photometer.
11. Determination of molecular weight of poly vinyl alcohol using Ostwald viscometer.
12. Pseudo first order kinetics-ester hydrolysis.
13. Corrosion experiment-weight loss method.
14. Determination of CMC.
15. Phase change in a solid.
TOTAL: 30 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS
1. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis (8TH edition, 2014)
2. Laboratory Manual- Department of Chemistry, CEGC, Anna University (2014).

GE7161 COMPUTER PRACTICES LABORATORY L T P C

0 0 4 2
OBJECTIVES
 To understand the basic programming constructs and articulate how they are used to
develop a program with a desired runtime execution flow.
 To articulate where computer programs fit in the provision of computer-based solutions
to real world problems.

19
  To learn to use user defined data structures.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Search, generate, manipulate data using MS office/ Open Office
2. Presentation and Visualization – graphs, charts, 2D, 3D
3. Problem formulation, Problem Solving and Flowcharts
4. C Programming using Simple statements and expressions
5. Scientific problem solving using decision making and looping.
6. Simple programming for one dimensional and two dimensional arrays.
7. Solving problems using String functions
8. Programs with user defined functions
9. Program using Recursive Function
10. Program using structures and unions.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
 Write and compile programs using C programs.
 Write program with the concept of Structured Programming
 Identify suitable data structure for solving a problem
 Demonstrate the use of conditional statement.

LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

30 Systems with C compiler

HS7251 TECHNICAL ENGLISH L T P C

4 0 0 4
OBJECTIVES
 To enable students acquire proficiency in technical communication.
 To enhance their reading and writing skills in a technical context.
 To teach various language learning strategies needed in aprofessional environment.

CONTENTS
UNIT I ANALYTICAL READING 12
Listening- Listening to informal and formal conversations; Speaking – Conversation
Skills(opening, turn taking, closing )-explaining how something works-describing technical functions
and applications;Reading –Analytical reading, Deductive and inductive reasoning; Writing- vision
statement–structuring paragraphs.

UNIT II SUMMARISING 12
Listening- Listening to lectures/ talks on Science & Technology;Speaking –Summarizing/ Oral
Reporting, Reading – Reading Scientific and Technical articles; Writing- Extended definition –Lab
Reports – Summary writing.

UNIT III DESCRIBING VISUAL MATERIAL 12

Listening- Listening to a panel discussion; Speaking – Speaking at formal situations; Reading –
Reading journal articles - Speed reading;Writing-data commentary-describing visual material-
writing problem-process- solution-the structure of problem-solution texts- writing critiques

UNIT IV WRITING/ E-MAILING THE JOB APPLICATION 12

Listening- Listening to/ Viewing model interviews; Speaking –Speaking at different types of
interviews – Role play practice ( mock interview); Reading – Reading job advertisements and
profile of the company concerned;Writing- job application – cover letter –Résumé preparation.
20
UNIT V REPORT WRITING 12
Listening- Viewing a model group discussion;Speaking –Participating in a discussion -
Presentation;Reading – Case study - analyse -evaluate – arrive at a solution;Writing–
Recommendations- Types of reports (feasibility report)- designing and reporting surveys- – Report
format.- writing discursive essays.

TEACHING METHODS:
Practice writing
Conduct model and mock interview and group discussion.
Use of audio – visual aids to facilitate understanding of various forms of technical communication.
Interactive sessions.

EVALUATION PATTERN:
Internals – 50%
End Semester – 50%
TOTAL:60 PERIODS
LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Students will learn the structure and organization of various forms of technical
communication.
 Students will be able to listen and respond to technical content.
 Students will be able to use different forms of communication in their respective fields.

TEXTBOOK:
1. Craig,Thaine. Cambridge Academic English: An integrated skills course for
EAP(Student’s Book)Level: Intermediate Cambridge University Press, New Delhi: 2012

REFERENCES:
1. Laws, Anne. Presentations. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan, 2011.
2. Ibbotson, Mark. Cambridge English for Engieering. Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge,New Delhi: 2008
3. Naterop, Jean B. and Rod Revell. Telephoning in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 2004.
4. Rutherford, Andrea J. Basic Communication Skills for Technology. New Delhi: Pearson
Education, 2001.
5. Bailey, Stephen. Academic Writing A practical Guide for Students. Routledge, London:
2004.
6. Hewings, Martin. Cambridge Academic English: An integrated skills course for
EAP(Student’s Book)Level: Intermediate Cambridge University Press, New Delhi: 2012.

MA7251 MATHEMATICS – II L T P C
4 0 0 4
(Common to all branches of B.E. /B.Tech. Programmes in II Semester)
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To develop the use of matrix algebra techniques this is needed by engineers for
practical applications.
 To acquaint the student with the concepts of vector calculus, needed for problems in
all engineering disciplines.
 To develop an understanding of the standard techniques of complex variable theory
so as to enable the student to apply them with confidence, in application areas such

21
 as heat conduction, elasticity, fluid dynamics and flow the of electric current.
 To make the student appreciate the purpose of using transforms to create a new
domain in which it is easier to handle the problem that is being investigated.

UNIT I MATRICES 12
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a real matrix – Characteristic equation – Properties of
eigenvalues and eigenvectors – Cayley-Hamilton theorem – Diagonalization of matrices –
Reduction of a quadratic form to canonical form by orthogonal transformation – Nature of
quadratic forms.

UNIT II VECTOR CALCULUS 12

Gradient and directional derivative – Divergence and Curl – Irrotational and Solenoidal
vector fields – Line integral over a plane curve – Surface integral - Area of a curved surface -
Volume integral - Green’s, Gauss divergence and Stoke’s theorems – Verification and
application in evaluating line, surface and volume integrals.

UNIT III ANALYTIC FUNCTION 12

Analytic functions – Necessary and sufficient conditions for analyticity - Properties –
Harmonic conjugates – Construction of analytic function - Conformal mapping – Mapping by
1 2
functions w  z  c, az, , z - Bilinear transformation.
z

UNIT IV COMPLEX INTEGRATION 12

Line integral - Cauchy’s integral theorem – Cauchy’s integral formula – Taylor’s and
Laurent’s series – Singularities – Residues – Residue theorem – Application of residue
theorem for evaluation of real integrals – Use of circular contour and semicircular contour
with no pole on real axis.

UNIT V LAPLACE TRANSFORMS 12

Existence conditions – Transforms of elementary functions – Transform of unit step function
and unit impulse function – Basic properties – Shifting theorems -Transforms of derivatives
and integrals – Initial and final value theorems – Inverse transforms – Convolution theorem –
– Transform of periodic functions – Application to solution of linear ordinary differential
equations with constant coefficients.

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
 Evaluate real and complex integrals using the Cauchy integral formula and the
residue theorem
 Appreciate how complex methods can be used to prove some important theoretical
results.
 Evaluate line, surface and volume integrals in simple coordinate systems
 Calculate grad, div and curl in Cartesian and other simple coordinate systems, and
establish identities connecting these quantities
 Use Gauss, Stokes and Greens theorems to simplify calculations of integrals and
prove simple results.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Erwin Kreyszig, "Advanced Engineering Mathematics", John Wiley and Sons, 9 th Edition,
New Delhi, 2014.
2. Grewal B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 43 rd
Edition, 2014.

22
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Ramana, B.V. “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2010.
2. Glyn James, “Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics”, Pearson Education, New
Delhi, 2007.
3. Jain R.K. and Iyengar S.R.K., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Narosa
Publications, New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 2007.
4. Bali N., Goyal M. and Watkins C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Firewall Media
(An imprint of Lakshmi Publications Pvt., Ltd.,), New Delhi, 7th Edition, 2009.
5. Peter V. O’Neil , “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Cengage Learning India Pvt.,
Ltd, New Delhi, 2007.

PH7257 PHYSICS OF MATERIALS L T P C

(Common to Chemical, Ceramic, Food, Leather, 3 0 0 3
Textile, Apparel, Industrial Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical and PET)

OBJECTIVE:
 To make the students to understand the basics of phase diagrams and various materials
preparation techniques
 To equip the students to have a knowledge on different types of electron theory, basics of
quantum mechanics and about superconductors
 To introduce the physics of semiconducting materials and applications of semiconductors in
device fabrication
 To familiarize the students with the theory and applications of magnetic and dielectric materials
 To provide the students a sound platform towards learning about advanced materials and their
applications.

UNIT I PREPARATION OF MATERIALS 9

Phases - phase rule – binary systems – tie line rule – lever rule – phase diagram – invariant
reactions - nucleation – homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation – free energy of formation of
a critical nucleus – Thin films – preparation: PVD, CVD method – Nanomaterials Preparation: wet
chemical, solvothermal, sol-gel method.

UNIT II ELECTRICAL AND SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 9

Classical free electron theory - expression for electrical conductivity – thermal conductivity, -
Wiedemann-Franz law - Quantum free electron theory – applications of Schrodinger wave
equation: particle in a finite potential well – particle in a three-dimensional box- degenerate states –
Fermi-Dirac statistics – density of energy states – electron in periodic potential – electron effective
mass – concept of hole. Superconducting phenomena, properties of superconductors – Meissner
effect and isotope effect. Type I and Type II superconductors, High T c superconductors –
Magnetic levitation and SQUIDS.

UNIT III SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS 9

Elemental Semiconductors - Compound semiconductors - Origin of band gap in solids (qualitative)
- carrier concentration in metals - carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor (derivation) –
Fermi level – variation of Fermi level with temperature – electrical conductivity – band gap
determination – carrier concentration in n-type and p-type semiconductors (derivation) – variation
of Fermi level with temperature and impurity concentration – Hall effect – determination of Hall
coefficient – LED - Solar cells.

UNIT IV DIELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS 9

Dielectric, Paraelectric and ferroelectric materials - Electronic, Ionic, Orientational and space
charge polarization – Internal field and deduction of Clausius Mosotti equation – dielectric loss –
different types of dielectric breakdown – classification of insulating materials and their applications -
Ferroelectric materials - Introduction to magnetic materials - Domain theory of ferromagnetism,
23
Hysteresis, Soft and Hard magnetic materials – Anti-ferromagnetic materials – Ferrites, Giant
Magneto Resistance materials.

UNIT V NEW MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS 9

Ceramics – types and applications – Composites: classification, role of matrix and reinforcement –
processing of fibre reinforced plastics and fibre reinforced metals – Metallic glasses – Shape
memory alloys – Copper, Nickel and Titanium based alloys – grapheme and its properties –
Relaxor ferroelectrics - Bio materials – hydroxyapatite – PMMA – Silicone - Sensors: Chemical
Sensors - Bio-sensors – Polymer semiconductors – Photoconducting polymers.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME:
On completion of the course, the students will be able to
 acquire knowledge of phase diagram, and thin film and nanomaterial preparation
techniques
 familiarize with conducting materials, basic quantum mechanics, and properties and
applications of superconductors.
 gain knowledge on semiconducting materials based on energy level diagrams, its types,
temperature effect. Also, fabrication methods for semiconductor devices will be understood.
 realize with theories and applications of dielectric and ferromagnetic materials
 familiarize with ceramics, composites, metallic glasses, shape memory alloys, biomaterials
and their important applications.
.
REFERENCES:
1. Callister W. D. and Rethwisch, D. G., “Materials Science and Engineering”, 9th Edition, Wiley
(2014).
2. Raghavan V., “Materials Science and Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India (2004).
3. Askeland D.R. and Wright, W.J., “Essentials of Materials Science and Engineering”, 3rd Edition,
Cengage Learning (2014).
4. Pillai, S.O., “Solid State Physics”, New Age International, 7 th Edition (2015).
5. Viswanathan, B., “Nanomaterials”, Narosa Book Distributors Pvt Ltd. (2011).

CY7255 CHEMISTRY FOR TECHNOLOGISTS L T P C

3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE
 The students should be conversant with
• boiler feed water requirements, water treatment techniques,
• Applications of oil and its properties, principles of different chemical analysis.
• Different kinds of preparations of important chemicals.

UNIT I WATER TECHNOLOGY 9

Water quality parameters- hardness -definition - units of hardness - determination of hardness
(EDTA method).Alkalinity - definition - determination of alkalinity.TDS, BOD, COD and iron and
their significance. Softening – zeolite and demineralization processes. Boiler troubles (scale,
sludge, boiler corrosion, caustic embrittlement and carry over) and remedies – removal of oils and
silica, internal conditioning.Desalination by electro-dialysis and reverse osmosis.

UNIT II OILS, FATS, SOAPS & LUBRICANTS 9

Chemical constitution, chemical analysis of oils and fats – free acid, saponification and iodine
values, definitions, determinations and significance.Soaps and detergents - cleaning action of
soap. Lubricants - definition, characteristics, types and properties – viscosity, viscosity index,
carbon residue, oxidation stability, flash and fire points, cloud and pour points, aniline point. Solid
lubricants – graphite and molybdenum disulphide.

24
UNIT III CHEMICAL ANALYSIS – AN ANALYTICAL INSIGHT 9
Gravimetric analysis – principles – method – applications.redox titrations – principle – method –
applications. Thin layer chromatography – principles – techniques – applications. Principles
underlying the estimations of nitrogen in nitrogeneous fertilizers, phenol and aniline.

UNIT IV DYE CHEMISTRY 9

Witt’s theory and modern theory of colors – synthesis of methyl red, methyl orange, congo red,
malachite green, p-rosaniline, phenolphthalein, fluorescence, eosin dyes.

UNIT V CHEMICALS AND AUXILIARIES 9

Preparations of bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide –
estimation of available chlorine in hypochlorite – determination of strength of hydrogen peroxide.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME
• Will be familiar with boiler feed water requirements, water treatment techniques.
• Will know the oil and its properties, principles of different chemical analysis.
• Will know the preparations of important chemicals.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Jain & Jain, "Engineering Chemistry", 16th Edition, 2014,DhanpatRai Publishing Company,
New Delhi.
2. Sharma B.K, "Industrial Chemistry", 16th Edition, 2014, GOEL Publishing House, Meerut.

REFERENCES
1. Dara SS, Umare SS, "A Textbook of Engineering Chemistry", S. Chand & Company Ltd., New
Delhi, 2010.
2. Puri BR, Sharma LR, Pathania S, "Principles of Physical Chemistry", 42nd Edition, 2008, Vishal
Publishing Co., Jalandhar.
3. Morrison RT, Boyd RN, Bhattacharjee SK, “Organic Chemistry”, 7th Edition, Pearson India,
2011.

GE7153 ENGINEERING MECHANICS L T P C

4 0 0 4
OBJECTIVE :
The objective of this course is to inculcate in the student the ability to analyze any problem in a
simple and logical manner and to predict the physical phenomena and thus lay the foundation
for engineering applications.

UNIT I STATICS OF PARTICLES 12

Fundamental Concepts and Principles, Systems of Units, Method of Problem Solutions,
Statics of Particles -Forces in a Plane, Resultant of Forces, Resolution of a Force into
Components, Rectangular Components of a Force, Unit Vectors.
Equilibrium of a Particle- Newton’s First Law of Motion, Space and Free-Body Diagrams,
Forces in Space, Equilibrium of a Particle in Space.

UNIT II EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES 12

Principle of Transmissibility, Equivalent Forces, Vector Product of Two Vectors, Moment of a
Force about a Point ,Varignon’s Theorem, Rectangular Components of the Moment of a Force,
Scalar Product of Two Vectors, Mixed Triple Product of Three Vectors, Moment of a Force
about an Axis, Couple - Moment of a Couple, Equivalent Couples, Addition of Couples,

25
Resolution of a Given Force into a Force -Couple system, Further Reduction of a System of
Forces, Equilibrium in Two and Three Dimensions - Reactions at Supports and Connections.

UNIT III DISTRIBUTED FORCES 16

Centroids of lines and areas – symmetrical and unsymmetrical shapes, Determination of
Centroids by Integration , Theorems of Pappus-Guldinus, Distributed Loads on Beams, Center
of Gravity of a Three-Dimensional Body, Centroid of a Volume, Composite Bodies ,
Determination of Centroids of Volumes by Integration.
Moments of Inertia of Areas and Mass - Determination of the Moment of Inertia of an Area by
Integration , Polar Moment of Inertia , Radius of Gyration of an Area , Parallel-Axis Theorem ,
Moments of Inertia of Composite Areas, Moments of Inertia of a Mass - Moments of Inertia of
Thin Plates , Determination of the Moment of Inertia of a Three-Dimensional Body by
Integration.

UNIT IV FRICTION 8
The Laws of Dry Friction. Coefficients of Friction, Angles of Friction, Wedges, Wheel Friction.
Rolling Resistance , Ladder friction.

UNIT V DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES 12

Kinematics - Rectilinear Motion and Curvilinear Motion of Particles.
Kinetics- Newton’s Second Law of Motion -Equations of Motions , Dynamic Equilibrium, Energy
and Momentum Methods - Work of a Force , Kinetic Energy of a Particle, Principle of Work and
Energy, Principle of Impulse and Momentum, Impact, Method of Virtual Work - Work of a
Force, Potential Energy, Potential Energy and Equilibrium.
L – 45 + T – 15 TOTAL: 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
 Upon completion of this course, students will be able to construct meaningful
mathematical models of physical problems and solve them.

TEXT BOOK
1. Beer,F.P and Johnson Jr. E.R, “Vector Mechanics for Engineers”, McGraw-Hill Education
(India) Pvt. Ltd. 10th Edition, 2013.

REFERENCES
1. Hibbeller, R.C., Engineering Mechanics: Statics, and Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics,
13th edition, Prentice Hall, 2013.
2. J.L. Meriam & L.G. Karige, Engineering Mechanics: Statics (Volume I) and Engineering
Mechanics: Dynamics, 7th edition, Wiley student edition, 2013.
3. P. Boresi & J. Schmidt, Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics, 1/e, Cengage
learning, 2008.
4. Irving H. Shames, G. Krishna Mohana Rao, Engineering Mechanics - Statics and
Dynamics, Fourth Edition – PHI / Pearson Education Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
5. Vela Murali, “Engineering Mechanics”, Oxford University Press (2010)

GE7152 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS L T P C

3 2 0 4
OBJECTIVES
• To develop in students, graphic skills for communication of concepts, ideas and design of
engineering products and expose them to existing national standards related to technical
drawings.

26
CONCEPTS AND CONVENTIONS (NOT FOR EXAMINATION) 1
Importance of graphics in engineering applications – Use of drafting instruments – BIS
conventions and specifications – Size, layout and folding of drawing sheets – Lettering and
dimensioning.
14
UNIT I PLANE CURVES AND FREE HANDSKETCHING
Basic Geometrical constructions, Curves used in engineering practices-Conics –
Construction of ellipse, parabola and hyperbola by eccentricity method – Construction of
cycloid – construction of involutes of square and circle – Drawing of tangents and normal to
the above curves. Visualization concepts and Free Hand sketching: Visualization principles –
Representation of Three Dimensional objects – Layout of views- Free hand sketching of
multiple views from pictorial views of objects

UNIT II PROJECTION OF POINTS, LINES AND PLANE SURFACES 14

Orthographic projection- principles-Principal planes-First angle projection-Projection of points.
Projection of straight lines (only First angle projections) inclined to both the principal planes-
Determination of true lengths and true inclinations by rotating line method and trapezoidal
method and traces Projection of planes (polygonal and circular surfaces) inclined to both the
principal planes by rotating object method.

UNIT III PROJECTION OF SOLIDS 14

Projection of simple solids like prisms, pyramids, cylinder, cone and truncated solids when
the axis is inclined to both the principal planes by rotating object method and auxiliary plane
method.
UNIT IV PROJECTION OF SECTIONED SOLIDS AND DEVELOPMENT OF 14
SURFACES
Sectioning of solids in simple vertical position when the cutting plane is inclined to the one of
the principal planes and perpendicular to the other – obtaining true shape of section.
Development of lateral surfaces of simple and sectioned solids – Prisms, pyramids cylinders
and cones. Development of lateral surfaces of solids with cut-outs and holes.

UNIT V ISOMETRIC AND PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS 15

Principles of isometric projection – isometric scale –Isometric projections of simple solids and
truncated solids - Prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones- combination of two solid objects in
simple vertical positions and miscellaneous problems.
Perspective projection of simple solids-Prisms, pyramids and cylinders by visual ray method
and vanishing point method.
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING (DEMONSTRATION ONLY) 3
Introduction to drafting packages and demonstration of their use.

L=45+T=30, TOTAL: 75 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
On Completion of the course the student will be able to
 Perform free hand sketching of basic geometrical shapes and multiple views of
objects.
 Draw orthographic projections of lines, Planes and Solids
 Obtain development of surfaces.
 Prepare isometric and perspective views of simple solids.

TEXT BOOK:
1. N.D.Bhatt and V.M.Panchal, “Engineering Drawing”, Charotar Publishing House, 50 th
Edition, 2010.

27
 REFERENCES:
1. K.R.Gopalakrishna., “Engineering Drawing” (Vol I&II combined) SubhasStores,
Bangalore, 2007
2. Luzzader, Warren.J., and Duff,John M.,,’’ Fundamentals of Engineering Drawingwith an
introduction to Interactive Computer Graphics for Design and Production”,Eastern
Economy Edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2005
3. M.B.Shah and B.C.Rana, “Engineering Drawing”, Pearson, 2nd Edition, 2009
4. K.Venugopal and V.Prabhu Raja, “Engineering Graphics”, New Age International
(P)Limited ,2008.
5. K. V.Natarajan, “A text book of Engineering Graphics”, 28th Edition, Dhanalakshmi
Publishers, Chennai, 2015.
6. BasantAgarwal and Agarwal C.M., “Engineering Drawing”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Limited, New Delhi, 2008.
7. N.S Parthasarathy and Vela Murali, “ Engineering Drawing”, Oxford University Press,
2015

Publication of Bureau of Indian Standards:

1. IS 10711 – 2001: Technical products Documentation – Size and lay out ofdrawing
sheets
2. IS 9609 (Parts 0 & 1) – 2001: Technical products Documentation – Lettering.
3. IS 10714 (Part 20) – 2001 & SP 46 – 2003: Lines for technical drawings.
4. IS 11669 – 1986 & SP 46 – 2003: Dimensioning of Technical Drawings.
5. IS 15021 (Parts 1 to 4) – 2001: Technical drawings – Projection Methods.

Special points applicable to University Examinations on Engineering Graphics:

1. There will be five questions, each of either or type covering all units of the syllabus.
2. All questions will carry equal marks of 20 each making a total of 100.
3. The answer paper shall consist of drawing sheets of A3 size only. The students will be
permitted to use appropriate scale to fit solution within A3 size.
4. The examination will be conducted in appropriate sessions on the same day.

GE7162 ENGINEERING PRACTICES LABORATORY

(Common to all Branches of B.E. / B.Tech. Programmes) LTPC
0042
COURSE OBJECTIVES
• To provide exposure to the students with hands-on experience on various Basic
Engineering Practices in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics Engineering.

GROUP – A (CIVIL & ELECTRICAL)

CIVIL ENGINEERING PRACTICES 15

PLUMBING
• Basic pipe connections involving the fittings like valves, taps, coupling, unions, reducers,
elbows and other components used in household fittings. Preparation of plumbing line
sketches.
• Laying pipe connection to the suction side of a pump.
• Laying pipe connection to the delivery side of a pump.
• Practice in connecting pipes of different materials: Metal, plastic and flexible pipes used in
householdappliances.

28
WOOD WORK
• Sawing, planing and making joints like T-Joint, Mortise and Tenon joint and Dovetail joint.

STUDY
• Study of joints in door panels and wooden furniture
• Study of common industrial trusses using models.
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICES 15

• Basic household wiring using Switches, Fuse, Indicator and Lamp etc.,
• Stair case light wiring
• Tube – light wiring
• Preparation of wiring diagrams for a given situation.
• Study of Iron-Box, Fan Regulator and Emergency Lamp

GROUP – B (MECHANICAL AND ELECTRONICS)

15
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICES

WELDING
• Arc welding of Butt Joints, Lap Joints, and Tee Joints
• Gas welding Practice.
• Basic Machining - Simple turning, drilling and tapping operations..
• Study and assembling of the following:
a. Centrifugal pump
b. Mixie
c. Air Conditioner.

DEMONSTRATION ON FOUNDRY OPERATIONS.

15
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING PRACTICES
• Soldering simple electronic circuits and checking continuity.
• Assembling electronic components on a small PCB and Testing.
• Study of Telephone, FM radio andLow Voltage Power supplies.
TOTAL: 60PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES
 Ability to fabricate carpentry components and to lay pipe connections including plumbing
works.
 Ability to use welding equipments to join the structures
 Ability to do wiring for electrical connections and to fabricate electronics circuits.

MA7356 PROBABILITY AND RANDOM PROCESSES LT P C

4 0 0 4
OBJECTIVES:
 To provide the necessary basic concepts in probability and random processes and apply
them in random signals, linear systems etc. in communications engineering.
 The students will have an exposure of various distributions.

UNIT I RANDOM VARIABLES 12

Discrete and continuous random variables – Moments – Moment generating functions – Binomial,
Poisson, Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, Gamma, Weibull and Normal distributions - Functions of
a random variable.
29
UNIT II TWO-DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 12
Joint distributions – Marginal and conditional distributions – Covariance – Correlation and Linear
regression – Transformation of random variables – Central limit theorem (for independent and
identically distributed random variables).

UNIT III RANDOM PROCESSES 12

Classification – Stationary process – Markov process - Poisson process – Random telegraph
process.

UNIT IV CORRELATION AND SPECTRAL DENSITIES 12

Auto-correlation functions – Cross-correlation functions – Properties – Power spectral density –
Cross-spectral density – Properties.

UNIT V LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH RANDOM INPUTS 12

Linear time invariant system – System transfer function – Linear systems with random inputs –
Auto-correlation and Cross-correlation functions of input and output - White noise.
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
 Students will be able characterize probability models using probability mass (density)
functions & cumulative distribution functions
 Students will be able to describe a random process in terms of its mean and correlation
functions.
 Students will demonstrate knowledge in special processes like Poisson, Renewal
processes.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Ibe, O.C. “Fundamentals of Applied Probability and Random Processes”, Elsevier, U.P., 1 st
Indian Reprint, 2007.
2. Peebles, P.Z., “Probability, Random Variables and Random Signal Principles”, Tata McGraw
Hill, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2002.

REFERENCES:
1. Yates, R.D. and Goodman, D.J., “Probability and Stochastic Processes”, John
Wiley and Sons, 2nd Edition, 2005.
2. Miller, S. L. and Childers, D. G., “Probability and Random Processes with Applications to
Signal Processing and Communications”, Academic Press, 2004.
3. Hwei Hsu, “Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Probability, Random
Variables and Random Processes”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 9th Reprint,
2010.

LT7302 INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER MANUFACTURE L T PC

3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
This course aims at introducing the fundamentals of chemistry and technology of leather
manufacture.

UNIT I HIDES/SKINS AND PRESERVATION 10

Functions and properties of skins and hides; Histological characteristics of hides and skins - Cow,
Ox, Buff, Cow Calf, Buff calf, Goat and Sheep; Chemical constituents of hides and skins; various
fibrous and non-fibrous proteins;

30
Standard flaying techniques; Hide/skin putrefaction and factors involved; Various preservation
techniques and their principles; Defects in hides and skins; Raw material grading – Size, weight
and surface defects as criteria.

UNIT II PRE-TANNING PROCESSES 12

Principles and objectives of pre-tanning processes viz., soaking, liming, deliming, bating, pickling,
depickling, degreasing and depickling.

UNIT III TANNING PROCESSES 10

Various types of tanning materials; Organic and mineral tanning agents; Principles involved in
vegetable and chrome tanning and their mechanism in brief; Combination tannages.

UNIT IV POST TANNING PROCESSES 7

Principles and objectives of post tanning processes viz., rechroming, neutralisation, retanning,
dyeing and fatliquoring; Various mechanical operations involved; Methods of drying.

UNIT V FINISHING TECHNIQUES 6

Principles and objectives of leather finishing; Classification of leather finishing; Types of auxiliaries
and finishes used; General machinery employed in leather finishing

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
Through this course the student gains a comprehensive view of the underpinning science and
technology involved in the manufacture of leathers.

CO-1 Understand the application and alternatives to leather in current global scenario.
CO-2 Have knowledge on pretanning, tanning and post tanning processes
CO-3 Comprehend the process rational for making specific leather
CO-4 Have understanding about the characteristic features of the skin/hides
CO-5 Aware of various preservation techniques of the skin/hides

TEXT BOOKS
1. Sarkar, K.T., Theory and Practice of Leather Manufacture, Ajoy Sorcor, Madras, 4th Rev.Ed
1995.
2. Dutta, S.S., An Introduction to the Principles of Leather Manufacture, 4th Edition, Indian Leather
Technologists Association, Calcutta, 4th Edition 1999.
3. Sharphouse, J.H., “Leather Technicians Handbook”, Leather Producers Association,
Northampton NN3 1JD, Reprinted 1995.
4. Fred O Flaherty, Roddy, T.W. and Lollar, R.M. `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather',
Vol.I & II, Type of tannages, Rober E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York, 1978.
5. Thorstensen, T.C., Practical Leather Technology, Krieger Publications, 1993

31
Course Articulation Matrix:

CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
Understand the
application and
CO-1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 3
alternatives to leather in
current global scenario.
Have knowledge on
CO-2 pretanning, tanning and 3 3 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 3
post tanning processes
Comprehend the process
CO-3 rational for making 3 3 2 - 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 - 3 3
specific leather
Have understanding
CO-4 about the characteristic 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 - 3 3
features of the skin/hides
Aware of various
CO-5 preservation techniques 3 3 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 3
of the skin/hides

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

32
EE7254 PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES:
To impart knowledge on
• Electric circuit laws , single and three phase circuits and wiring
• Working principles of Electrical Machines
• Various electronic devices and measuring instruments

UNIT I ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS 9

Basic principles involved in power generation, transmission and distribution, Ohms Law ,Kirchoff’s
Law , steady state solution of DC circuits , Thevinin’s Theorem, Norton’s Theorem, Superposition
Theorem.

UNIT II AC CIRCUITS 9
Introduction to AC circuits – waveforms and RMS value – power and power factor, single phase
and three-phase balanced circuits, housing wiring, industrial wiring, materials of wiring.

UNIT III ELECTRICAL MACHINES 9

Principles of operation and characteristics of DC machines. Transformers (single and three phase )
,Synchronous machines , three phase and single phase induction motors.

UNIT IV ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS 9

Types of Materials –Silicon & Germanium- N type and P type materials – PN Junction –Forward
and Reverse Bias –Semiconductor Diodes –Bipolar Junction Transistor – Characteristics –
transistor as an Amplifier –Introduction to operational Amplifier –Inverting Amplifier –Non Inverting
Amplifier –DAC – ADC .

UNIT V MEASUREMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION 9

Introduction to transducers: pressure, temperature, position, electrical measurements
,Classification of instruments – moving coil and moving iron Ammeter and Voltmeter – multimeters
– dynamometer type Wattmeter – three-phase power measurements – energy meter – megger –
instrument transformers (CT and PT )
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
Ability to
 Understand electric circuits and working principles of electrical machines
 Understand the concepts of various electronic devices
 Choose appropriate instruments for electrical measurement for a specific application

REFERENCES
1. Del Toro, “Electrical Engineering Fundamentals”, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2007
2. John Bird, “Electrical Circuit Theory and Technology”, Elsevier, First Indian Edition, 2006
3. Allan S Moris, “Measurement and Instrumentation Principles”, Elseveir, First Indian Edition,
2006
4. Rajendra Prasad, “Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India, 2006
5. Thereja .B.L., “Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Electronics”, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.,
2008
6. V.K Mehta and Rohit Mehta, “Principle of Electrical Engineering”, S. Chand & Company, 2008

33
LT7301 CHEMISTRY FOR LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS LT P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
This course aims at introducing fundamental chemistry required for leather manufacture.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO INORGANIC COMPOUNDS 10

A brief survey of the ‘s’ block - binary compounds, complexes, alkalides and electrides. Features of
the ‘p’ block and its elements - expansion of the octet, Lewis structures; ‘d’ and ‘f’ orbitals and
transition metals; Coordination compounds –nomenclature, Theories - Coordination theory,
Werner’s theory; Ligand field theory; Introduction to inorganic tanning materials

UNIT II MOLECULAR BONDING 9

Shapes of molecules - Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method; Valence bond approach and
atomic orbital hybridizations. LCAO-MO theory, pictorial derivation of bonding and anti-bonding
molecular orbitals. MO energy level diagrams for homo nuclear di-atomics; Redox reactions.

UNIT III ORGANIC TANNIN CHEMISTRY 10

Chemistry of condensed and hydrolysable tannins proanthocyanidins, dimers, trimers and other
oligomers. Chemistry of sulphonyl chloride, quinone, oxazolidine, phosphonium and other organic
tanning agents. Methods of preparation of vegetable tannin extracts, spray dried vegetable tannins,
synthetic and other organic tannages.

UNIT IV COLLOIDS & SURFACTANTS 10

Introduction to colloids – properties of colloids – coagulation of solutions –Origin of charge on
colloidal particles –Determination of size of colloidal particles- Donnan Membrane equilibrium –
Emulsions – Gels – Applications of colloids

Chemical and Physico-chemical types, properties; Rheology: Viscosity. Non-Newtonian flow and
Viscoelasticity, Birefringence: electrical and streaming; Various Diffusional aspects and applications.

UNIT V APPLICATION TO LEATHER TECHNOLOGY 6

Use of inorganic and organic materials in leather manufacture; Wetting theory, Cohesion & Adhesion.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course the students will have basic knowledge of organic, inorganic and physical
chemistry related to leather science and technology.

CO-1 Have the basic knowledge on inorganic compounds

Comprehend the knowledge on organic compounds and reaction
CO-2
mechanism
CO-3 Understand the concept of various molecular bonding
Interpret the characteristic of organic compounds and its relevance in
CO-4
tanning.
CO-5 Perceive the concepts of colloids and surfactants.

34
TEXT BOOKS
1. J W Huheey, E A Keiter and R L Keiter, 'Inorganic Chemistry' 4th edn, Harper Collins,
2. M J Winter, 'Chemical Bonding' Oxford Primer Series, Oxford University Press, 1994
3. N C Norman, 'Periodicity and the p-block Elements' Oxford Primer Series, Oxford University
Press, 1994
4. R.T. Morrison and R.N.Boyd “Organic Chemistry” VI Ediition Prentice Hall Inc (1996) USA
5. K.S.Tiwari, N.K.Vishnoi and S.N.Malhotra “A text book of Organic Chemistry” Second Edition,
Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. (1998) New Delhi.
6. Puri B.H. Sharma L.R and M.S.Prathama, Principles of Physical Chemistry, S. Chand and
Company, Delhi (2001).
7. Gordon M. Barrow, Physical Chemistry, Sixth edition, Tata McGraw Hill (1998).
8. Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Duncan J. Shaw, Butternorth, Hewemann, (1992)

35
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Have the basic

CO-1 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 -
knowledge on inorganic
compounds

Comprehend the
CO-2 knowledge on organic 3 3 2 1 1 - 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 - 2
compounds and
reaction mechanism

Understand the concept

CO-3 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 1
of various molecular
bonding
Interpret the
characteristic of
CO-4 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
organic compounds
and its relevance in
tanning.

Perceive the concepts

CO-5 of colloids and 3 3 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
surfactants

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

36
LT7304 THEORY OF SKIN PROTEINS AND PRE-TANNING PROCESSES L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To understand the basic structure and function of skin and its components and to understand the
various pre-tanning processes/operations

UNIT I COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONS AND COMPOSITION OF SKIN 9

Organization of skin components in different animals; Structure and function of epidermis, dermis,
cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues; hair; fat tissue; nerve; erectorpilli muscle; sweat glands;
Functions and properties of hides and skins; Chemical constituents of hides and skins; Fibrous and
non-fibrous proteins in skin; Structure and properties of complex carbohydrates and proteoglycons;
Structure and properties of fatty acids,; Structure, function and properties of amino acids.

UNIT II STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, THERMAL TRANSITION AND DEGRADATION OF

COLLAGEN 12
Structure, function and chemical features of collagen; Types of collagen; Tropocollagen molecules;
Sub-units of collagen; Kinetics of fibril formation; Electron microscopy of the collagen fibre;
Biosynthesis; Denaturation temperature; Mechanism of denaturation process; Thermal shrinkage;
Factors influencing melting transition; Degradation of collagen – collagenase and its physico -
chemical properties, and mechanism of action.

UNIT III PRESERVATION AND PRE-TANNING PROCESSES 10

Principles of preservation of hides and skins - Defects due to parasitic diseases of livestock that
affect leather quality.
Chemistry and principles of different pretanning processes - Soaking, liming, deliming, bating,
pickling, depickling and degreasing.

UNIT IV CLEANER PROCESSING IN BEAMHOUSE PRACTICES 7

Salt-free curing options, sulphide free unhairing systems, ammonia-free deliming, salt free pickling
systems, solvent and eco friendly degreasing systems. Strategies to bring down BOD, COD and
TDS standards of tannery effluents.

UNIT V PRACTICE AND QUALITY CONTROL 7

Different methods of pretanning processes as applied to light, heavy and industrial leathers.
Process control in pretanning operations.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
The students will be able to understand

CO-1 To know about various structural components and functions of skin/hide

CO-2 To understand the molecular structure of collagen and its supramolecular
assemblies and their characteristics
CO-3 To gain fundamental knowledge on preservation and pre-tanning process
CO-4 Aware of various cleaner pre-tanning processes
CO-5 To determine the quality control requirements of pre-tanning process.

37
TEXT BOOKS
1. Lehninger A.L., Nelson D.L., Cox M.M., “Principles of Biochemistry", CBS Publications,1993.
2. Gustavson, K.H., `The Chemistry & Reactivity of Collagen', Academic Press, New York,
1958.
3. Flaherty, O., William Roddy, T. Robert, M. Lollar, `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather',
Vol.1 Preparation for Tannage, E Robert Krieger Publishing Company, New York, 1978.
4. Bienkiewicz, K., "Physical Chemistry of Leather Manufacture", Krieger, Florida, 1982.

REFERENCES
1. Voet D., Voet G., “Biochemistry ", Second Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1994.
2. Stryer L., “Biochemistry ", Fourth Edition, 1994.
3. Darnell J., Lodish H., Baltimore D., “Molecular Cell Biology ", Freeman W.H., 1990.
4. “R. Puvanakrishnan, S. Sivasubramanian and T Hemalatha. Microbes and Enzymes – Basics
and Applied, MJP Publishers, Chennai, 2015, PP517.

38
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

To know about various

CO-1 structural components and 3 2 1 - 1 - 1 - - 1 - 2 - 3 1
functions of skin/hide

To understand the
molecular structure of
collagen and its
CO-2 3 2 1 - - - - - - 1 - 2 - 3 1
supramolecular
assemblies and their
characteristics

To gain fundamental
knowledge on
CO-3 3 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 2
preservation and pre-
tanning process

Aware of various cleaner

CO-4 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 2 2 1 - 2 2 3 3
pre-tanning processes

To determine the quality

CO-5 control requirements of 3 2 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 1 - 2 2 3 3
pre-tanning process.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

39
LT7303 PRINCIPLES OF UNIT OPERATIONS AND PROCESSES
IN LEATHER AND LEATHER CHEMICALS MANUFACTURE L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on basic concepts of chemical engineering unit operations and processes
and application in leather and leather chemicals manufacture

UNIT I CONCEPTS & METERING OF FLUIDS 4

Concepts of Unit operations and Processes, Fundamentals: Unit and Dimensions, Material and
Energy Balances. Fluid statics and dynamics, Compressible and incompressible fluids,
Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, Measurement of pressure drop and fluid velocity. Pumps,
Compressor, Blowers.

UNIT II HEAT TRANSFER AND MASS TRANSFER 16

Fundamentals of Heat Transfer, Heat transfer equipment, Heat exchangers, Evaporators and
Condensers and Simple Design Calculations.
Diffusion: Binary diffusion, concept of mass transfer coefficients and interface mass transfer
and stage wise contact.
Distillation: Principle of distillation, Application of distillation in leather chemicals and auxiliaries
processing.
Extraction: Extraction principles, Leaching and Extraction equipment and their application in
manufacture of leather chemicals
Drying: Drying characteristics, Theory and mechanism of drying, estimation of drying rate, design
and performance of industrial dryers for leather.
Humidification: Humidity charts, methods of humidification and dehumidification; Equipments
and their design aspects; Humidity control in leather processing.

UNIT III MECHANICAL SEPARATIONS 3

Size reduction : Theory and equipment ; application in leather chemical processing
Clarification : Principles of clarification, Liquid-Liquid, Liquid-solid and Liquid-gas separations,
Application in leather processing and effluent treatment Mixing : Basic theory and application in
leather and leather chemical processing.

UNIT IV PRINCIPLES OF UNIT PROCESSES 17

General principles of unit operations and unit processes in leather & leather chemicals
processing: General concepts of unit operations and unit processes in leather & leather chemicals
processing. Development of process flow sheets with reference to leather and leather
chemical industries design, control safety pollution abatement. Principles of halogenation,
esterification, hydrolysis, oxidation, hydrogenation. Polymerization, sulphation and sulphonation,
diazotization and coupling.

Tanning agents: Vegetable tannins and Vegetable tannin extracts, Basic Chromium Sulphate,
Aluminium, and Zirconium, salts for leather processing.

Oils, fats and detergents: Oils and fats; their nature and products derived from oils and fats,
Fatty Acids and Alcohols, waxes and fatliquors.

Synthetic binders: Binders based on acrylics, polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes,

polypropylene

Dyes and intermediates & surface coating agents: Raw materials; important unit processes;
Types of dye intermediates and dyes; pigments, lacquers

40
Recent developments in chemicals for leather manufacture: Recent developments like REACH
and its implications on leather chemicals; Alternate eco-benign leather chemicals and auxiliaries for
leather manufacture.

UNIT V WATER AND INORGANIC CHEMICALS 5

Treatment of water for domestic and industrial purposes, manufacture of sodium chloride, sodium
sulphide, sodium sulphite and bisulphite, soda ash, caustic soda, lime, sulphuric and hydrochloric
acids.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Know the basic concepts of unit operations, material and energy balances.
CO-2 Understand the fluid dynamics mass and heat transfer in various unit
operations such as distillation, extraction, drying and humidification
CO-3 The size reduction and separation and mixing techniques technology of
organic and inorganic chemicals involved in the processing of leather and
leather chemicals
CO-4 Have knowledge of various chemical processing
CO-5 Have understanding on the water and chemical treatments

REFERENCES
1. McCabe .W.L and Smith, J.C., Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering, McGraw Hill, Fourth
Ed., 1993.
2. Treybal, R.E., Mass Transfer Operations, McGraw Hill Book Company, Third Ed. 1981.
3. Coulson, J.M., and Richardson, J.F., Chemical Engineering, Vol.I and II Third Ed.
Pergamon press, 1978.
4. Welty, J.R., Wilson, R.E., and Wicks, C.E. Fundamentals of momentum, Heat and Mass
Transfer, Third Ed., John Wiley, 1984.
5. Perry, J.H., Chemical Engineers Handbook, McGraw Hill, New York, Sixth Ed., 1984.
6. Shreve, R.N., Austin, G.T., Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries, McGraw-Hill Book company,
1984.
7. Groggins, P.H., Unit Processes in Organic synthesis, McGraw-Hill Book company, 5 th Edition,
2004.
8. Dutta, S.S., An introduction to the principles of leather manufacture, ILTA.

41
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Know the basic concepts

CO-1 of unit operations, 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1
material and energy
balances.
Understand the fluid
dynamics mass and heat
transfer in various unit
CO-2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 1
operations such as
distillation, extraction,
drying and humidification

The size reduction

and separation and
mixing techniques
technology of organic
CO-3 3 - 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 2
and inorganic
chemicals involved in
the processing of
leather and leather
chemicals
Have knowledge of
CO-4 various chemical 3 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 1 1 1 2 - 3 3
processing

Have understanding on
CO-5 the water and chemical 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 - 3 3
treatments

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

42
 EE7261 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING L T PC
LABORATORY 0 0 4 2

OBJECTIVE:
 To train the students in performing various tests on electrical drives, sensors and circuits.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Load test on separately excited DC shunt generator
2. Load test on DC shunt moor
3. Load test on S Transformer
4. Load test on Induction motor
5. Regulation of 3 Alternator
6. Study of CRO
7. Logic gates
8. Operational amplifiers
9. Time constant of RC circuit
10. Characteristics of LVDT
11. Calibration of Rotometer
12. RTD and Thermistor
13. Flapper Nozzle system
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

LT7311 PRACTICE IN TANNING LT PC

00 4 2
OBJECTIVES
To provide an understanding of raw skin and hides and basic knowledge about tanning.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Assortment of hides and skins
2. Various methods of Curing
3. Manufacture of wet-blue from hides and skins
4. Manufacture of E.I and vegetable tanned leathers
5. Introduction to various post tanning and finishing processes (demonstration)
6. Introduction to various mechanical operations/processing equipments/devices (demonstration)

OUTCOMES
To train the students to gain an exposure to leather manufacture.
CO-1 Pursue knowledge on assortment of hides and skins.
CO-2 Trained to manufacture wet blues, E.I. and vegetable tanned leathers.
CO-3 Acquire knowledge on post-tanning and finishing processes

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

43
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Pursue knowledge on

1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 2
assortment of hides and
skins.
CO-2 Trained to
manufacture wet
1 3 2 1 1 - 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
blues, E.I. and
vegetable tanned
leathers.
CO-3 Acquire knowledge on
1 3 - 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 - 2 1 3 3
post-tanning and
finishing processes

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

44
MA7354 NUMERICAL METHODS L T P C
4 0 0 4

OBJECTIVES:
 To provide the mathematical foundations of numerical techniques for solving linear system,
eigenvalue problems, interpolation, numerical differentiation and integration and the errors
associated with them;
 To demonstrate the utility of numerical techniques of ordinary and partial differential
equations in solving engineering problems where analytical solutions are not readily
available.

UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 12

Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations - Fixed point iteration method – Newton-
Raphson method- Solution of linear system of equations - Gauss elimination method – Pivoting -
Gauss-Jordan methods – Iterative methods of Gauss-Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel - Matrix Inversion
by Gauss-Jordan method - Eigenvalues of a matrix by Power method and by Jacobi’s method.

UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 12

Interpolation with unequal intervals - Lagrange interpolation – Newton’s divided difference
interpolation – Cubic Splines - Interpolation with equal intervals - Newton’s forward and backward
difference formulae – Least square method - Linear curve fitting.

UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTATION AND INTEGRATION 12

Approximation of derivatives using interpolation polynomials - Numerical integration using
Trapezoidal, Simpson’s 1/3 and Simpson’s 3/8 rules – Romberg’s method - Two point and three
point Gaussian quadrature formulae – Evaluation of double integrals by Trapezoidal and Simpson’s
rules.

UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL

EQUATIONS 12
Single step-methods - Taylor’s series method - Euler’s method - Modified Euler’s method - Fourth
order Runge-Kutta method for solving first and second order equations - Multi-step methods -
Milne’s and Adams-Bashforth predictor-corrector methods for solving first order equations.

UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ORDINARY AND PARTIAL

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12
Finite difference methods for solving two-point linear boundary value problems - Finite difference
techniques for the solution of two dimensional Laplace’s and Poisson’s equations on rectangular
domain – One dimensional heat-flow equation by explicit and implicit (Crank-Nicholson) methods -
One dimensional wave equation by explicit method.
TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
 Demonstrate understanding of common numerical methods and how they are used to
obtain approximate solutions.
 Apply numerical methods to obtain approximate solutions to mathematical problems.
 Derive numerical methods for various mathematical operations and tasks, such as
interpolation, differentiation, integration, the solution of linear and nonlinear equations, and
the solution of differential equations.
 Analyse and evaluate the accuracy of common numerical methods.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Grewal, B.S. and Grewal,J.S., “Numerical methods in Engineering and
Science”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 9 th Edition, 2007.
45
 2. Sankara Rao . K, " Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers" PHI
Learning Pvt Ltd. New Delhi, 2007.

REFERENCES:
1. Brian Bradie, “A Friendly Introduction to Numerical Analysis”, Pearson Education
Asia, New Delhi, 1st Edition, 2007.
2. Gerald, C.F. and Wheatley, P.O., “Applied Numerical Analysis”, Pearson
Education Asia, New Delhi, 6th Edition, 2006.
3. Laurene V. Fausett, “Applied Numerical Analysis using MATLAB”, Pearson
Education, New Delhi, 1st print, 2nd Edition, 2009.
4. S. R. K. Iyengar, R. K. Jain, Mahinder Kumar Jain, "Numerical Methods for
Scientific and Engineering Computation", 6th Edition, New Age International
Publishers, New Delhi, 2012.

LT7402 INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

FOR LEATHER TECHNOLOGISTS L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To introduce various methods of chemical analysis through sophisticated instruments for accuracy

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SPECTROSCOPICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS 13

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION; Various ranges, Dual properties, Various energy levels,
Interaction of photons with matter, absorbance, and transmittance and their relationship, Permitted
energy levels for the electrons of an atom and simple molecules, classification of instrumental
methods based on physical properties.

UNIT II MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 9

Various transitions in organic and inorganic compounds effected by UV, visible and infrared
radiations, various energy level diagrams of saturated, unsaturated and carbonyl compounds,
excitation by UV and Visible radiations, Effects of auxochromes and effects of conjugation on the
absorption maxima, Applications of UV-Visible and IR spectroscopy.
QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY: Beer-Lambert’s Law, Limitations, Deviations (Real, Chemical,
Instrumental) Nesslerimetry. Estimation of dyes, Cr and Fe using Beer-Lambert’s Law

UNIT III ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY 6

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry; Principle, Instrumentation and Application, Various
interferences observed in AAS (Chemical, radiation and excitation); Flame photometry; Principle,
Instrumentation and applications

UNIT IV POLARIMETRY AND REFRACTOMETRY 4

Polarimetry and refractometry Principle, instrumentation and Applications

UNIT V THERMAL ANALYSIS 7

Thermogravimetry: Instrumentation, applications, thermograms of some important compounds;
Differential thermal analysis: principle, Instrumentation and applications, Principles and applications
of DSC, DTA in leather and leather chemicals

UNIT VI CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS 6

Classification of chromatographic methods, column, Thin layer, paper, Gas, GPC, High
performance liquid chromatographical methods (principles, mode of separation, instrumentation
and technique) for the analysis of leather auxiliaries
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
46
OUTCOMES
Students will gain fundamental knowledge on various physico-chemical analytical methods and
understand the underpinning science behind various instrumental techniques.

CO-1 Gain fundamental knowledge on various physico-chemical analytical methods.

CO-2 Understand the underpinning science behind various instrumental techniques.
CO-3 Understand the fundamentals of the molecular interaction with electromagnetic
radiations
CO-4 Understand the theoretical knowledge about handing of instruments
CO-5 Aware of various chromatographic techniques

TEXT BOOK
1. Willard, H.H., Merritt, L.L., Dean J.A., and Settle, F.A., Instrumental methods of analysis, Sixth
edition, CBS publishers, 1986.

REFERENCES
1. Parikh V.M. Absorption spectroscopy of organic molecules Addisen –Wesley Publishing
company, 1994.
2. Skoog D.A. and West D.MM., Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, Saunders –college
Publishing, 1982.
3. Banwell, G.C., Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy TMH, 1992.

47
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Gain fundamental
knowledge on various
CO-1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 1
physico-chemical
analytical methods.

Understand the
underpinning science
CO-2 behind various 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 3 2
instrumental
techniques.

Understand the
fundamentals of the
CO-3 molecular interaction 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 3
with electromagnetic
radiations

Understand the
theoretical knowledge
CO-4 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 3 2
about handing of
instruments

Aware of various
CO-5 chromatographic 3 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
techniques

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

48
LT7401 BOVINE LEATHER MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
This course aims at imparting knowledge in the technology of making different types of heavy
leathers from hides.

UNIT I PRODUCT BRIEF OF LEATHERS FROM HIDES 6

Product brief of various light and heavy leather manufacture from hides.

UNIT II HEAVY LEATHER MANUFACTURE FROM HIDES 10

Property requirement of sole, harness, saddle and other industrial leathers from hides; Process
design considerations; Choice of raw material; Traditional and modern methods; International
standards required for the heavy leathers.

UNIT III LIGHT LEATHER MANUFACTURE FROM HIDES 10

Property requirement of upper, garment and other light leathers from hides; Process design
considerations; Choice of raw material; International standards requirements for the light leathers
from hides.

UNIT IV PROCESS TECHNOLOGY FOR LEATHERS FROM HIDES 12

Process details to achieve the specifications for the following leathers: Full chrome/Semi
chrome/Chrome retan - uppers, suedes, nubuck, lining, nappa, shrunken grain, upholstery,
burnishable, printed leathers; Upgradation technologies; Rectification of defects in hides.

UNIT V SPORTS GOODS LEATHERS 7

Different types of raw materials used, physical and chemical properties required and process
details to achieve the specifications for the following sports goods leathers: Leathers for football,
volley ball, hockey ball and cricket ball. Glove leathers for wicket keepers and boxing.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be in a position to understand the property requirements
of different kinds of heavy leathers and process aspects for the same.

CO-1 To understand the basic product brief of light and heavy leather manufacture from
hides.
CO-2 To gain knowledge in property requirement and process design of heavy leather
CO-3 To gain knowledge in property requirement and process design of light leather
CO-4 Articulate indepth knowledge in process technology for leather from hides
CO-5 Understand the physical and chemical properties of raw materials used in sports
goods leathers

TEXT BOOKS
1. Choichi Ogiwara, `A practical guide to heavy leather processing', Fuel and Leather Research
Centre, Karachi, 1980.
2. Tuck, D.H. `The manufacture of upper leathers', Tropical Products Institute, London, 1981.
3. Jyotirmay Dey, `Practical aspects of the manufacture of upper leather, Indian Leather
Technologists Association, Calcutta, 1989.

49
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

To understand the
basic product brief of
CO-1 light and heavy leather 1 - - 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 3 2
manufacture from
hides.

To gain knowledge in
property requirement
CO-2 3 2 1 1 2 - 2 1 - 1 1 2 - 3 2
and process design of
heavy leather

To gain knowledge in
CO-3 property requirement 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 - 1 2 1 2 1
and process design of
light leather
Articulate indepth
CO-4 knowledge in process 3 - 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
technology for leather
from hides
Understand the
physical and chemical
CO-5 properties of raw 3 2 - - 2 - 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 - 2
materials used in
sports goods leathers

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

50
LT7405 THEORY OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC TANNAGES LT P C
4 0 0 4
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on the chemistry of various inorganic and organic tanning materials and
systems

UNIT I CHROMIUM CHEMISTRY 14

Definition of ligands, nucleophilicity of ligands and electronegativity of donor atoms, chelation
and masking, and introduction of factors controlling molecular stability of transition metal
complexes. Historical overview of mineral tanning.
Electronic configuration and its implications, common oxidation states of chromium, redox
stabilities of chromium (VI) and chromium (III) salts, redox potentials and their interconversion,
protolysis, kinetic inertness of chromium (III), basicity, oxolation and polymerisation, Stiasny's
series, McClandish precipitation point.

UNIT II FACTORS CONTROLLING CHROME TANNING 8

Preparation of basic chromium sulphate (BCS) salt, reaction parameters influencing composition
of BCS, kinetics of chrome tanning, diffusion and complexation, effects of float volume, pH,
basicity, masking, temperature, drum speed, ageing chrome tanned substrates.

UNIT III MECHANISM OF INORGANIC TANNAGES 14

Theories of chrome tanning; absorption, coating, electrostatic and hydrogen bond
interactions and coordinative forces involved in chrome tanning, indirect evidence for chrome
binding sites in protein, hydrothermal stability of chrome-collagen compound.
Aqueous chemistry of aluminium (III), zirconium (IV), titanium (IV) and iron(III) and its relevance to
mineral tanning, chemistry of silicates and phosphates and their tanning mechanisms, mechanism
of inorganic tannages and their relevance to combination tanning.

UNIT IV VEGETABLE TANNIN CHEMISTRY 12

Vegetable tannins - definition and classification, Occurrence; Chemistry of hydrolysable tannins
- gallotannins, ellagi tannins - their structural aspects including tannin dimers, trimers.
Tannins as well as non-tannins, polyphenolic constituents present in popular tanning
materials like avaram, konnam, wattle, cutch, babul, myrobalan, etc., and their physico-chemical
properties and their effect on the physical properties of leathers.

UNIT V MECHANISM OF VEGETABLE AND OTHER ORGANIC TANNAGES 12

Mechanism of reaction of vegetable tannins with collagen. Electrolytic equilibria, diffusion equilibria,
fixation and absorption equilibria. Principles in pit, drum and E.I. tanning.

Mechanism of tanning with aldehydes, oil, oxazolidine and other organic tanning agents; Synthetic
tannins - Classification - properties, uses in leather industry.

TOTAL: 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
Students will gain knowledge of inorganic and organic tannages and their mechanism of interaction
with emphasis on chromium and vegetable tanning.
CO-1 Understand the chemistry of chromium and factors controlling chrome tanning.
CO-2 Understand the mechanism of inorganic tannages.
CO-3 Comprehend the chemistry of vegetable tannins and mechanism vegetable
and organic tanning
CO-4 Have knowledge on mechanism of oil and aldehyde tanning
CO-5 Understand the parameters influence on tanning

51
TEXT BOOKS
1. Fred O Flaherty, Roddy, T.W. andLollar, R.M. `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather',
Vol.III, Type of tannages, RoberE.Krieger Publishing Co.,New York, 1978.
2. Gustavson, K.H. `Chemistry of Tanning Processes' Academic Press, New York, 1958.
3. Bienkiewicz, K., `Physical Chemistry of Leather Manufacture', Krieger, Florida 1982.
4. Covington A D, ‘Tanning Chemistry’ RSC Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 2009.
5. Howes, F.N. "Vegetable tanning materials", Butterworth. London, 1953.
6. Haslam, E. "The biochemistry of Plants", Vol.7. Academic Press, 1981, Chapter 18,
"Vegetable tannins". "A survey of modern vegetable tannages". Tanning extracts Producers
Federation, Switzerland, 1975.
7. Humphreyes, G.H.W. and Jones, C.R. "The manufacture of sole and other heavy leathers".
Pergamon Press, 1966. Chapter 5, "Vegetable tannin materials and syntans".
8. Vegetable and Synthetic Tanning agents, Sundara Rao, V.S., et al – The Leather Industry,
(ed. by Sadulla, S) Kothari Desk book series, H.C. Kothari Group (Publications Division),
Madras, p.71, 1995.

52
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

chemistry of chromium 3 1 - - 1 - 1 1 - 1 - 1 1 3 1
and factors controlling
chrome tanning.
CO-2 Understand the
mechanism of 3 3 1 - 1 1 3 1 2 1 - 1 1 2 2
inorganic tannages.
CO-3 Comprehend the
chemistry of vegetable
tannins and mechanism 3 2 1 - 1 2 2 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
vegetable and organic
tanning
CO-4 Have knowledge on
mechanism of oil and 3 1 - - 1 - 2 1 - 1 - 1 1 3 2
aldehyde tanning
CO-5 Understand the
parameters influence on 3 3 3 - 1 2 2 1 2 1 - 1 1 2 1
tanning

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

53
LT7404 THEORY OF MATERIAL TESTING OF LEATHERS L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on analytical methods for the analysis of leather, leather chemicals and
process liquors generated during processing of leathers

UNIT I ANALYSIS OF LEATHER CHEMICALS 12

Principles of analytical methods employed in analysis of pretanning chemicals – Lime, unhairing,
deliming and bating agents; Vegetable tanning materials and extracts; Aldehydes; Chrome extracts
and liquors; Principles of analytical and instrumental methods employed in analysis of syntans,
dyes, oils and fats, fatliquor, finishing auxiliaries. Specifications recommended by standards
organizations.

UNIT II ANALYSIS OF PROCESS LIQUORS AND EMISSIONS 8

Principles of analytical and instrumental methods employed in analysis of exhaustion liquors of
pretanning, tanning and post tanning processes. Analysis of emissions - air pollutants from leather
processing; Specifications recommended by standards organizations.

UNIT III ANALYSIS OF LEATHERS 8

Principles of analytical and instrumental methods employed in analysis of various chrome leathers,
vegetable tanned leathers; Specifications recommended by standards organizations. Principles of
analytical and instrumental methods employed in analysis of eco-sensitive substances-
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), Formaldehyde, Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], azodyes etc., present in
finished leathers.

UNIT IV MICROBIOLOGY FOR LEATHER 8

Testing of bacterial action on raw hides and skins and in the different stages of Leather
Manufacture. Effect of mould growth during processing of skins/hides, finished leathers, leather
goods and during transportation. Testing and prevention of mould growth during processing,
storage of finished goods and transportation.

UNIT V PHYSICAL TESTING OF LEATHERS 9

Orientation of fibre structure of skins/hides and leathers using various microscopes; Sampling
position for physical testing of leathers. Different physical testing methods - principles involved.
Static and Dynamic methods, Non-destructive testing of leathers.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student would understand

CO-1 The analytical chemistry behind the testing of leather chemicals and leathers
CO-2 Various techniques for analyzing leather chemicals, spent process liquors,
and pelts/ leathers.
CO-3 Quality Standards of various leather chemicals and leather end products
CO-4 Gain experience on microbiology testing techniques of leathers
CO-5 Have knowledge on various physical testing methods of leathers

54
TEXT BOOKS
1. Sarkar, P.K., `Analytical Chemistry of Leather Manufacture', Indian Leather Technologists
Association, Calcutta, 1982.
2. `Official methods of Analysis', Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, U.K., 1981.
3. Fred O Flaherty, Roddy, T.W. and Lollar, R.M. `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather',
Vol.IV, Evaluation of leather, Rober E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York, 1978.
4. Dutta, S.S. "An introduction to the principles of physical testing of leather", Indian
Leather Technologist's Association, Calcutta, 1991.
5. `Methods of chemical testing of leathers', IS: 582 - 1970, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi, 1977.
6. "Methods of Physical testing of leathers, IS: 5914-1970, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi, 1971

55
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 The analytical chemistry

behind the testing of 3 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
leather chemicals and
leathers
CO-2 Various techniques for
analyzing leather
chemicals, spent 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 2 1
process liquors, and
pelts/ leathers.
CO-3 Quality Standards of
various leather 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 2 1
chemicals and leather
end products
CO-4 Gain experience on
microbiology testing 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
techniques of leathers
CO-5 Have knowledge on
3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
various physical testing
methods of leathers

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

56
LT7403 LEATHER BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN LEATHER LTPC
300 3

OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on biotechnological applications in processing of skins into leather.

UNIT I PROTEINS AND NUCLEIC ACID & ENZYMOLOGY 10

Chemistry of DNA and RNA: Structure, Conformation and function Proteins - Chemistry, structure
and Function, Separation Principles in proteins. Classification, assay, characterization, mechanism
of action, enzyme kinetics, immobilized enzymes.

UNIT II GENETIC ENGINEERING (RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY) 10

Principles and methods: Essentials of biotechnology - products of biotechnology, Restriction
enzymes, vectors, DNA cloning strategies.

UNIT III BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR HIDES/SKINS IMPROVEMENT 13

Applications in Animal nutrition and animal production: embryo transfer, gene transfer, transgenic
animals. Cleaner Leather Processing: Use of enzyme options in beam house operations -
Soaking, unhairing, bating, degreasing, offal treatment: Types of enzymes - proteases, lipases
- properties, assay systems and production. Types of fermentation, Preparation of media,
preparation of inoculum, separation and purification of products.

UNIT IV WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR LEATHER 8

General features of the organic and inorganic pollutants of tannery. Stabilisation and disposal of
organic and chemical wastes and their biological treatment. Possible energy generation from
wastes.

UNIT V UTILISATION OF COLLAGENOUS TISSUES FOR BIOMEDICAL AND OTHER

APPLICATIONS 4
Collagen and its application in food, cosmetic and medical fields.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the student will understand basic biotechnology concepts and its
relevance for application in leather processing.

CO-1 Understand basic biotechnology concepts and its relevance for application in leather
processing.
CO-2 Principles of genetic engineering
CO-3 Have knowledge in enzyme for leather processing.
CO-4 Manage the waste generated from leather industries.
CO-5 Application of collagen in other fields

57
REFERENCES
1. Rohm, H.J. and Reed, G. "A Comprehensive treatise on Biotechnology", Verlag Chemie,
lecinheim,1983.
2. Pelczar, J.,Reid, R.D.and Chan, F.C.S.,"Microbiology", Tata McGraw Hill, 1977.
3. Old, R.W., and Primrose, S.B., "Principles of Genemanipulation" 3/e Cambridge, 1985.
Stryer, L."Biochemistry" 3/e W.H. Freeman and Co. 1989.
4. Lehninger, A.L., Nelson, D.L., Gx M.M "Principles of Biochemistry", CBS Publications,
1993
5. Puvanakrishnan, R and Dhar, S.C."Enzyme Technology in Beamhouse practices"' CLRI
Publication.
6. Wrinter, N.A., "Biological treatment of waste water", 1982.
7. Schroeder, E.D., "Waste and Waste water treatment",. McGraw - Hill Inc. 1983

58
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Understand basic
biotechnology
CO-1 conceptsand its 3 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 - 1 2 3 1
relevance for
application in leather
processing.
CO-2 Principles of genetic 3 - 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 - 1 - 3 3
engineering
Have knowledge in
CO-3 enzyme for leather
3 2 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
processing.
Manage the waste
CO-4 3 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
generated from leather
industries.
CO-5 Application of collagen in 3 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 - 1 1 3 2
other fields

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

59
LT7412 MATERIAL TESTING LABORATORY – I L T P C
0 0 4 2
OBJECTIVES

To provide practical knowledge and the skill on chemical analyses of various leather chemicals,
process liquors, effluent and pelts/leathers at various stages of processing and eco-sensitive
chemicals present in leather.

Analysis of Lime
a. Purity of lime
b. Total bases

Analysis of Sodium Sulphide

Analysis of Deliming Agents
a. Analysis of ammonium salts
b. Analysis of boric acid

Analysis of Bate
Analysis of Vegetable Tanning Materials
a. Qualitative analysis
b. Quantitative analysis
c. Acids and Salts in Vegetable Tannin Extracts by Different Methods

Analysis of Chrome tanning agents

a. Moisture
b. Cr2O3 content
c. Acid combined with chromium
d. Basicity: Proctor and Lehigh basicities
e. Degree of olation

Analysis of Syntans
Quantification of phenolic content& free formaldehyde

Analysis of Oils and fatliquors

a. Moisture
b. Acid value
c. Saponification value
d. Iodine value
e. Free fatty acids
f. Un-saponifiables
g. Total alkalinity

Analysis of pretanned pelts and tanned leathers

Analysis of process liquors
Soak, Lime, Pickle Liquor, Chrome and Vegetable tan liquors; BOD, COD, TOC, TDS, TS in
composite liquors/waste waters.

60
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will have practical experience and understanding on the
analysis of various leather chemicals, pelts/leathers and eco-sensitive substances by means of
qualitative and quantitative methods of analyses

CO-1 Have practical experience and understanding the analysis of various leather
chemicals
CO-2 Understand the challenges of eco- sensitive substances and their qualitative
and quantitative analytical methods.
CO-3 Gain experience in analyzing chrome & vegetable tanning agents

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

61
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have practical

experience and
understanding the 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 - 1 2 3 3
analysis of various
leather chemicals
CO-2 Have practical
knowledge of 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 3 1
pelt/leather analysis
CO-3 Understand the
challenges of eco-
sensitive substances 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 - 1 1 3 2
and their qualitative
and quantitative
analytical methods.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

62
LT7411 LEATHER MANUFACTURE FROM HIDES L T P C
0 0 6 3
OBJECTIVES
To carry out the practical leather processing of heavy and finished leathers from raw hides.

 Heavy leathers like sole, saddle, belting etc., from hides

 Finished leathers from different bovine hides and calf skins
1.Manufacture of vegetable tanned and chrome sole leathers;
2.Processing of belting leathers, harness and saddle leathers; (minimum one)
3.Manufacture of following leathers (minimum four) from different raw materials and tannages:
 Upholstery leathers
 Upper leathers
 Nappa leathers
 Patent leathers
 Shrunken grain leathers
 Nubuck /Suede upper leathers
 Burnishable upper leathers
 Oil-pull up leathers

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course students will gain confidence in leather manufacturing from hides.

CO-1 Develop different kinds of leathers from hides.

CO-2 Comprehend the processing aspects for making leathers from hides.
CO-3 Understand the process – property correlation for making various types of
heavy leathers.

TOTAL : 90 PERIODS

63
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Develop different

kinds of leathers 3 3 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 1
from hides.
CO-2 Comprehend the
processing aspects 3 3 1 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3
for making leathers
from hides.
CO-3 Understand the
process – property
correlation for making 3 3 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 - 3 2
various types of
heavy leathers.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

64
 LT7502 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF POST TANNING PROCESSES L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES

To impart knowledge on chemicals and processes involved in post tanning operations of leather
manufacture.

UNIT I DYES AND DYEING OF LEATHER 10

Theory of colours, chromophoric groups and their optical absorption; Classification of dyes based
on their chemical nature, application and colour index, properties; blending of dyes, theory and
practice of colour matching, theory and mechanism of dyeing, chemistry and application of
dyeing auxiliaries such as leveling agents, dispersing agents and dye fixatives.

UNIT II FATLIQUORS AND FATLIQUORING OF LEATHER 10

Fatliquors – chemical classification, natural and synthetic oils. Unit operations: Sulphation,
sulphonation, sulphitation reactions of oils, role of double bonds and iodine value in oils.
Stability of emulsions, grain and particle sizes of emulsions, factors controlling grain sizes of
emulsions. Mechanism of fatliquoring process and softening of leathers.

UNIT III SYNTANS AND RETANNING OF LEATHER 10

Classification of syntans, auxiliary, intermediate, replacement syntans and resin tanning agents
Sulphonation of naphthalene, napthols, phenol-formaldehyde condensation reactions,
characterisation and photo oxidation mechanisms of phenolic syntans. Bleaching agents and
mordants. Light fast, amino resin, melamine, formaldehyde-free, acrylic and PU syntans. Chemistry
and mechanism of retanning.

UNIT IV PRACTICE OF POST TANNING PROCESSES AND OPERATIONS 10

Practice of post tanning processes viz., re-chroming / semi-chroming, neutralization, retanning,
dyeing, fatliquoring, fixing and Post tanning process technologies for products from different types
of leathers.

UNIT V POST TANNING MECHANICAL OPERATIONS 5

Sammying, splitting and shaving, drying, staking, toggling, buffing etc operations – understanding
and judicious application of these operations to meet the end product parameters;

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
Students will be able to understand post tanning processes like neutralization and its importance to
the manufacture of various types of leathers, chemistry of post tanning auxiliaries and mechanism
of dyeing, fatliquoring and retanning.

CO-1 Have knowledge on different dyes and its principles and its color theory for leather
applications
CO-2 Have knowledge on different fatliquors used in leather manufacture
CO-3 Have knowledge on different types of syntans used in leather manufacture
CO-4 Articulation on use of dyes syntans and fatliquors for different leather end products
CO-5 Understanding the application of different post tanning machineries towards
manufacture of different leathers

65
TEXT BOOKS
1. Venkataraman, K. `Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes’, Academic Press, New York and Lond,
1971.
2. Fred O Flaherty, Roddy, T.W. and Lollar, R.M. `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather’,
Vol.III, , Rober E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York, 1978.
3. Billmeyer and Saltzman’s, `Principles of Color Technology’, Wiley–Inter Sciences Publication.
4. Dutta, S.S., Introduction to the Principles of Leather Manufacture, Indian Leather Technologists
Association, Calcutta, 1980.
5. Gustavson, K.H., `Chemistry of Tanning Processes’ Academic Press, New York, 1958.

66
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge on

different dyes and its
principles and its color 3 3 1 - 1 - 2 1 - 1 - 1 - 3 -
theory for leather
applications

CO-2 Have knowledge on

different fatliquors used 3 3 1 - 1 - 2 1 - 1 - 1 - 3 1
in leather manufacture

CO-3 Have knowledge on

different types of
3 3 1 - 1 2 2 1 2 1 - 1 2 3 3
syntans used in leather
manufacture

CO-4 Articulation on use of

dyes syntans and
3 3 3 - 3 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 3
fatliquors for different
leather end products

CO-5 Understanding the

application of different
post tanning machineries 3 3 3 - 3 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 3 3
towards manufacture of
different leathers

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

67
LT7501 TECHNOLOGY OF LIGHT LEATHER MANUFACTURE FROM SKINS LTPC
3 003
OBJECTIVES
This course aims at imparting knowledge in the technology of making different types of light
leathers from skins.

UNIT I PROPERTIES OF LEATHER 9

Classification of leathers, Definition of various leather properties, Understanding and measurement
of properties, Relevance and significance of various leather properties in manufacture and usage
for different end application.

UNIT II UPPER AND LINING LEATHERS 8

Shoe upper, lining leathers: Choice of raw materials, relationship between each leather property
and process parameter; Rational of preparation of the same.

UNIT III GARMENT AND GLOVE LEATHERS 8

Garment nappa, fine glove leathers: Choice of raw materials, relationship between each leather
property and process parameter; Rational of preparation of the same.

UNIT IV OTHER SPECIALITY LEATHERS 8

Chamois, suede garment, glazed kid leathers etc: Choice of raw materials, relationship between
each leather property and process parameter; Rational of preparation of the same.

UNIT V LIGHT LEATHER MANUFACTURE 12

Process of manufacture of leathers such as glazed kid, nappa garment, fine glove, suede garment
and lining; Quality control aspects with special reference to light leather manufacture

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students will be in a position to understand the property variations of
different leathers and suitable processing variations that are required in their manufacture from
skins.

CO-1 Understand the property variations of different leathers

CO-2 Design suitable processing variations that are required to manufacture leather
from skin
CO-3 Develop speciality leathers from skin
CO-4 Correlate and understand the leather property and process parameter.
CO-5 Comprehend the quality control aspects of light leather

TEXT BOOKS
1. Briggs, P.S. `Gloving, clothing and special leathers’, Tropical Products Institute, London, 1981.
2. Kartheiz, Fuchs, H.P. `The Chemistry and technology of Novelty Leathers' FAO, United
Nations, Rome.
3. CLRI Process Bulletins.

68
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

property variations of 3 3 1 1 - - - 2 - 1 - 1 0 3 2
different leathers

CO-2 Design suitable

processing variations
that are required to 3 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 3 3
manufacture leather
from skin

CO-3 Develop speciality

3 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 1
leathers from skin

CO-4 Correlate and

understand the leather
3 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3
property and process
parameter.

CO-5 Comprehend the quality

control aspects of light 3 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 3 1
leather

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

69
HS7551 EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS L T P C
3 0 0 3

COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course aims to help the students acquire the employability skills necessary for the workplace
situations. It also attempts to meet the expectations of the employers by giving special attention to
language skills, presentation skills, group discussion skills and soft skills. This will be achieved
through expert guidance and teaching activities focusing on employability skills.

COURSE OBJECTIVES
• To enhance the employability skills of students with a special focus on presentation skills,
group discussion skills and interview skills
• To help them improve their reading skills, writing skills, and soft skills necessary for the
workplace situations
• To make them employable graduates

CONTENTS

UNIT I READING AND WRITING SKILLS 9

Reading: skimming & scanning strategies – note making skills – interpreting visual material (charts
& tables) – critical reading – fast reading necessary for reading letters & files - preparing job
applications - writing covering letter and résumé - applying for jobs online - email etiquette – writing
official letters (placing an order, letters to consumers, etc. ) writing reports – collecting, analyzing
and interpreting data

UNIT II SOFT SKILLS 9

Hard skills & soft skills – soft skills: self-management skills & people skills - training in soft skills -
persuasive skills – sociability skills –interpersonal skills – team building skills – leadership skills –
problem solving skills – adaptability - stress management – motivation techniques – life skills -

UNIT III PRESENTATION SKILLS 9

Preparing slides with animation related to the topic – organizing the material - Introducing oneself
to the audience – introducing the topic – answering questions – individual presentation practice––
presenting the visuals effectively – 5 minute presentation

UNIT IV GROUP DISCUSSION SKILLS 9

Participating in group discussions – understanding group dynamics - brainstorming the topic -–
questioning and clarifying –GD strategies (expressing opinions, accepting or refusing others
opinions, turn taking) – activities to improve GD skills – viewing recorded GD - mock GD

UNIT V INTERVIEW SKILLS 9

Interview etiquette – dress code – body language – mock interview -–attending job interviews –
answering questions confidently – technical interview – telephone/Skype interview - practice in
different types of questions – one to one interview &panel interview – FAQs related to job interview-
Emotional and cultural intelligence.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Students will be able to make presentations and participate in group discussions with high
level of self-confidence.
 Students will be able to perform well in the interviews
 They will have adequate reading and writing skills needed for workplace situations

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
70
REFERENCES:
1. Corneilssen, Joep. How to Prepare for Group Discussion and Interview. New Delhi: Tata-
McGraw-Hill, 2009.
2. Dabreo, Desmond A. Group Discussion and Team Building. Mumbai: Better Yourself
Books, 2004.
3. Ramesh, Gopalswamy, and Mahadevan Ramesh. The ACE of Soft Skills. New Delhi:
Pearson, 2010.
4. Gulati, Sarvesh. Corporate Soft Skills. New Delhi: Rupa and Co. 2006.
5. Van Emden, Joan, and Lucinda Becker. Presentation Skills for Students. New York:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.
EXTENSIVE READING
1. Covey, Stephen R. The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. New York: Free Press, 2013.
2. Bagchi, Subroto. The Professional. New Delhi: Penguin Books India, 2009.

WEB RESOURCES
1. www.humanresources.about.com
2. www.careerride.com
3. https://bemycareercoach.com/softskills

LT7513 MATERIAL TESTING LABORATORY - II L T P C

0 0 4 2
OBJECTIVES
To provide practical knowledge on microscopical and microbiological testing of leathers physical
testing of leathers.

MICROSCOPY LAB
a. Setting up of a compound microscope
b. Preparation of microscopical slides by paraffin embedding method and by freezing method
c. Identification of hides and skins from their morphological and histological pattern of Buffalo, Cow,
Sheep, Goat, Pig and other species.
d. Microscopical assessment of fibre structure during the process - Soaking, liming, pickling and
tanning and different finished leathers.

MICROBIOLOGY LAB
a. Preparation of various culture media
b. Staining of bacteria
c. Enumeration of bacteria in hides and skins and in tan liquors
d. Isolation and identification of fungi/mold/yeast in raw hides/skins, leathers and tan liquors
e. Mildew resistance test for leathers
f. Identification of insect and parasitic damages in skins/hides/leathers (Entomology demo only)

PHYSICAL TESTING LAB

Strength Properties
a. Tensile Strength and Elongation at break
b. Tongue tear strength
c. Stitch tear and slit tear strengths
d. Grain crack and bursting strengths

Wear and Comfort Properties

a. Static/dynamic water absorption
b. Water vapour permeability
c. Abrasion resistance
71
d. Perspiration resistance

Fastness Properties
a. Rub fastness
b. Water fastness
c. Heat fastness
d. Light fastness
e. Gloss
TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of the course, the students would have practical experience and understanding in

CO-1 Microscopical analysis/identification of leathers

CO-2 Microbiological testing of raw skins/hides, pelts and leathers and various process
liquors
CO-3 Performing various physical testing methods for assessing leathers.

72
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Microscopical
analysis/identification of 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 1
leathers

CO-2 Microbiological testing of

raw skins/hides, pelts
2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 3
and leathers and various
process liquors

CO-3 Performing various

physical testing methods 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 - 3 2
for assessing leathers.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

73
LT7512 LEATHER MANUFACTURE FROM SKINS LT P C
0 0 6 3
OBJECTIVES

To carry out the practical for manufacture of light leathers from raw goat, sheep and calf skins.

Practical training (minimum 6 leathers) on the manufacture of

White Leather from wet white tanning (compulsory)

Resin and protein upper leathers
Nappa leathers
Glazed kid leathers
Nubuck leathers
Dress glove
Utility glove leathers
Crushed kid leathers
Suede upper leathers
Suede garment leathers
Mesh leathers
Hair-on/Fur-on leathers
Chamois leathers
TOTAL : 90 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course students will gain confidence in processing

CO-1 Processing different types of leathers from skin

CO-2 Practice in making specialty leathers from different skins
CO-3 Knowledge on process recipe for making different leather

74
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Processing different

types of leathers from 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 1
skin

CO-2 Practice in making

specialty leathers from 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 3
different skins

CO-3 Knowledge on process

recipe for making 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 - 3 2
different leather

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

75
LT7511 INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP - I L T P C
0 0 4 2

Each student during should undertake 1 month practical training on aspects associated with leather
manufacture in Tanneries and or Leather Chemical supplier units as a part of Industrial Internship –
I during the summer vacation after fourth semester. However evaluation for this course will be done
in fifth semester. During fifth semester the student should submit (to assigned faculty) an industrial
training report on practical internship undertaken by/assigned to him/her by the Department. The
report should be based on the practical experience gained at the industry duly certified by the
issuing authority at the training centre of leather industry. The objective of the training is to enhance
the practical knowledge of the students on various aspects associated with leather manufacture.
Faculty in his/her assessment should judge the level of proficiency, originality and capacity for
application of the practical knowledge attained by the student during the training period.

OUTCOMES
At the end of the course students will gain confidence in

CO-1 Provide opportunity to explore students’ interest

CO-2 Recognize the real working environment
CO-3 Builds balance between classroom knowledge with practical application

TOTAL DURATION: 4 WEEKS

76
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Provide opportunity

to explore students’ 2 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 2 3 3
interest

CO-2 Recognize the real

2 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 3 - 3 3
working environment

CO-3 Builds balance

between classroom 2 2 2 - 2 2 2 2 3 3 1 3 1 3 3
knowledge with
practical application

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

77
LT7604 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF LEATHER FINISHING L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on materials and processes/operations involved in leather finishing.

UNIT I SURFACE COATING 9

Theory of surface coating; Characteristics of various components of coating system; Parameters of
the process of coating and its influence on coating characteristics; Testing of coatings.

UNIT II PIGMENTS 9
Classification of pigments; Inorganic, organic, nacreous (pearlescent) and interference pigments -
their representation code in the colour index. Different forms of pigments - powders and pastes.
Evaluation and control of their brilliance, opacity, particle size, resistance to solvent, heat and light
and colour matching.

UNIT III POLYMERIC MATERIALS AND THEIR DISPERSION FORMS 9

General introduction to addition and condensation polymerization; various methods of
polymerisations, resins binders - acrylics, vinyls and urethanes, protein binders, cellulose nitrate,
cellulose acetate butyrate, - protein binders - lacquers - emulsion and emulsifiers - evaluation and
control - solvents and thinners.

UNIT IV PRINCIPLES OF FINISHING, FINISH FORMULATIONS AND THEIR

APPLICATION 9
Impregnation: Terminology, types of impregnating binders, characteristics, selection of systems
for corrected and full grain impregnation, formulations, application methods and precautions

Finishing: Definition, aims, film formation mechanisms, properties of films such as glass transition
temperature / minimum film forming temperature, transparency, gloss and resistance to heat, light
and solvent. Pigment volume concentration, plasticizer, wetting agents, role in dispersion and
stability - requirements in multiple coat technique – such as clearing coat, sealer coat, base coat,
top and feel coat. Single coat composition methods like spraying, curtain coating, roller coating etc.
Cationic finishes and their relative merits. Foam finish; Eco- friendly finishing - Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOC) reductions. Finish formulation for various types of leathers.

UNIT V VARIOUS FINISHING METHODS AND TECHNIQUES 9

Role of equipments like HVLP spray, Roller coats, Continuous embossing machines, Finiflex, etc.
Methods such as oil pull-up, waxy, burnishable, antique, grain suede, screen printing, roller
printing, tie and dye finishing. Pearl finishing, easy-care and patent finishing, cationic finishing,
foam finishing, transfer foil, lamination, etc.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students would be in a position to

CO-1 Appreciate the role of various finishing agents and auxiliaries used in
leather finishing
CO-2 Formulate strategies for finishing different types of leathers
CO-3 Upgradation technologies for enhancing value to low grade substrates
CO-4 Knowledge on different machineries used in leather finishing
CO-5 Understand the principles of finishing mechanisms

78
REFERENCES
1. Pattern. T.E., Pigment Hand Book, vol.3 ed. W.J., New York, 1973.
2. Patterson, P., Pigments - An Introduction to Theory of Physical Chemistry, Elsevier Publishing
Co. Ltd., Amsterdam, 1967.
3. Treatise on coating, Misers and Long Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York (5 Vol.)
4. Sharphouse, J.H., “Leather Technicians Handbook”, Leather Producers Association,
Northampton NN3 1JD, Reprinted 1995.

79
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Appreciate the role of

various finishing agents 3 1 - - 2 1 - 1 1 1 - 2 2 3 2
and auxiliaries used in
leather finishing
CO-2 Formulate strategies for
finishing different types 3 1 - - - - - 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 2
of leathers
CO-3 Upgradation
technologies for 3 2 1 - 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 2 - 3 2
enhancing value to low
grade substrates
CO-4 Knowledge on different
machineries used in 3 3 2 - 3 2 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 1
leather finishing
CO-5 Understand the principles 2
of finishing mechanisms 3 3 2 - 3 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 3

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

80
 LT7601 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FOR LEATHER SECTOR
L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVE
To educate students about the importance of studying environmental science and engineering in
leather practicing and to create awareness in protection of environment.

UNIT I ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS, BIODIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT 8
Definition of environment and components in the environment- definition of an ecosystem, concept
and functions of different ecosystems like (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland ecosystem (c) desert
ecosystem (d) aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)- biodiversity,
threats to biodiversity and conservation of biodiversity- sustainable development and significance
of sustainable development in environmental related issues.

UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CHEMISTRY 14

Definition of pollution- different types of environmental pollution- classification of pollutants in water
and wastewater – characterization of pollutants in water and wastewater - environmental
significance - types of sampling, significance of sampling, precautions to be taken while sampling
and preservation of samples.
Atmospheric structure and composition - definition of air pollution – sources and classification of air
pollutants and their effect on human health, vegetation, animals, property, aesthetic value and
visibility- ambient air quality and emission standards –photochemical smog, ozone layer depletion,
greenhouse gases, global warming, acid rain and their effect on environment.
Definition, types and sources of solid and hazardous wastes - need for solid and hazardous waste
management – elements of integrated waste management and role of stakeholders – definition,
types and sources of nuclear and radioactive wastes – waste management and disposal.

UNIT III TREATMENT OF TANNERY WASTEWATER 10

Unit operations and processes for the treatment of tannery wastewater - principles of physical
treatment: screening, mixing, equalization, sedimentation, filtration - principles of chemical
treatment: coagulation, flocculation, precipitation, flotation - objectives of biological wastewater
treatment and various process - tertiary treatment – reverse osmosis.

UNIT IV ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & RISK ASSESSMENT 9

Definition and over view of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), key issues in EIA, legal and
regulatory aspects in India – types and limitations of EIA –public participation in EIA- EIA process:
screening, scope, setting, analysis – risk analysis - sources of environmental risks – risk
management - risk communication and risk perception- emergency preparedness.

UNIT V ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 4

Environmental legislations in India- environment protection act – air (prevention and control of
pollution) act – water (prevention and control of pollution) act – wildlife protection act – forest
conservation act – solid and hazardous waste management rules - biomedical waste rules –
responsibilities of generators- role and responsibility of pollution control boards.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

81
OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will be able to appreciate the importance of environmental
science and technology in leather manufacture.

CO-1 Appreciate the importance of environmental science and technology.

CO-2 Understand the ecosystem, biodiversity and sustainable development.
CO-3 Exposure on various wastewater treatment methods.
CO-4 Broad spectrum knowledge on environmental pollution.
CO-5 Understanding Environmental policies and acts.

REFERENCES
1. Gilbert M.Masters, ‘Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science’, 2 nd edition,
Pearson Education (2004).
2. Sawyer,C.N., MacCarty, P.L. and Parkin, G.F., Chemistry for Environmental Engineering and
Science, Tata McGraw – Hill, Fifth edition, New Delhi 2003.
3. Metcalf and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, Tata McGraw Hill, New
Delhi, 2003.
4. Peavy HS, Rowe DR, Tchobanoglous G (1985) Environmental Engineering. (Eds: McGraw-Hill
International Editions), Civil Engineering Series, 577.
5. Petts, J., Handbook of Environmental Impact Assessment, Vol., I and II, Blackwell Science,
London, 1999.

82
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Appreciate the

importance of 2 - 1 - 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 1
environmental science
and technology.
CO-2 Understand the
ecosystem, biodiversity 2 - 1 - 2 2 3 2 1 1 - 2 1 3 3
and sustainable
development.
CO-3 Exposure on various
wastewater treatment 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 1 3 3 - 3 2
methods.
CO-4 Broad spectrum
knowledge on 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 2
environmental pollution.
CO-5 Understanding
Environmental policies 1 - - - - 2 3 1 - 1 - 1 1 3 2
and Acts.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

83
LT7602 LEATHER GOODS AND GARMENTS TECHNOLOGY LT P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on making leather goods and garments

UNIT I OVERVIEW 8
Classification of Leather Goods and Garments; Selection of Materials, grading and assorting of
leathers for leather goods & garments ; Property requirements for leather and other materials;
Accessories for Leather goods & garments - Various types of fasteners, fittings and other
accessories. Alternative materials and their adaptability for goods and garments. Operational
sequences in leather goods and garments production.

UNIT II 12
i) Production planning - Nomenclature used for component identification in various leather
garments skirts, jackets, trousers etc and various leather goods – Wallet, hand bags, Executive
bags etc. Process scheduling and line balancing.
ii) Cutting and clicking - Hand & machine cutting, Knives & tools – Preparation and handling.
Pattern interlocking/nesting for material optimization. Factors influencing cutting value. Dieless
cutting.
iii) Assembling- Pre assembly and assembly operations – skiving, splitting, folding, sewing etc.
Various types of assembly techniques for leather goods and garments.
iv) Quality - Quality control measures in leather products manufacture.

UNIT III MACHINERY 9

Machinery needs for leather goods and garments manufacture. Various types of sewing machines
– flat bed, cylinder bed, post bed and other special sewing machines – different feed mechanisms.
Clicking, splitting, skiving, folding, embossing, creasing machines – their working principles
operation and maintenance.

UNIT IV DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT 9

Pattern design and development – measurement/ sizing for various types of garments, pattern
design of leather goods and garments, pattern grading for leather garments. CAD applications for
leather goods and garments. Fashion and material trends.

UNIT V ORGANISATION & MANAGEMENT 7

Project Feasibility reports, plant lay out, costing and pricing for leather goods and garments.
Analysis of International market trends for goods and garments – EU, USA & other markets.
Social auditing of leather goods & garment units - occupational Health & Safety, ISO 9000 &
14000.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
Through this course students will be able to know

CO-1 To understand various components associated with the manufacture of

leather good and garments
CO-2 To understand various processing steps involved in the making of leather
goods and garments
CO-3 To be aware of machineries involved in the leather goods/garments
manufacture
CO-4 To design leather goods and garments
CO-5 To determine the requirements for the establishment of leather goods and
garments manufacturing unit

84
REFERENCES
1. Pattern Making Manual - Womens Garments, ESMOD, Paris, 1991.
2. Fashion Drawing Method, ESMOD, Paris, 1992.
3. Metric Pattern cutting for Menswear, Winifred Aldrich, BSP Professional Books, London, 1990.
4. Grading Manual, ESMOD, Paris, 1994.
5. Skiving Manual, First Edition, 1994 CLRI, Madras.
6. A course manual on leather garment pattern designing.
7. Leather garments making, NIMI publication, 2012.
8. Leather and sports goods – Pattern and Template marker, NIMI Publications, 2011

85
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 To understand various

components associated
with the manufacture of 1 3 1 - 2 1 2 1 0 1 0 2 2 3 2
leather good and
garments

CO-2 To understand various

processing steps involved
1 3 1 - 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 2
in the making of leather
goods and garments

CO-3 To be aware of
machineries involved in
the leather 1 3 1 - 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 2 - 3 2
goods/garments
manufacture

CO-4 To design leather goods

1 3 1 - 2 1 - 1 1 1 0 2 1 3 1
and garments

CO-5 To determine the

requirements for the
establishment of leather 1 3 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 3
goods and garments
manufacturing unit

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

86
LT7603 LEATHER MACHINERIES L T P C
3 2 0 4
AIM
To impart theory and practical knowledge on the working principles, use and maintenance of
machineries used in leather manufacture.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the course, the students would understand the
 General principles involved in various machineries used in leather manufacture.
 Salient features and purpose of the various machinery used
 Preventive maintenance and safety in the use of leather machinery
 Adjustment of machinery parts for proper functioning of different machines used in leather
processing
 Design of optimal machinery layout of tannery

UNIT I PRINCIPLES AND MECHANISM OF LEATHER MACHINERY 20

General principles and mechanism involved in various tannery machines. Mechanism of cutting
and shearing action of helical blade systems. Bush, ball, roller and ring oil bearing, cam springs
glars and their application and function in tannery machinery.

UNIT II DESIGN, SELECTION AND CONSTRUCTION OF EQUIPMENT 21

Basic design, material selection and construction of pits, drums and paddles. Pneumatic steering
mechanism and control as applied to dust control equipment, air compressor, auto spray, etc.
Hydraulic steering mechanism in case of shaving, staking, embossing machines, etc.

UNIT III MECHANICAL FEATURES OF LEATHER MACHINERY 24

Salient features and purpose of the various machinery used in beam house, tanning and finishing
yards, unhairing, fleshing, scudding, sammying, setting, shaving, staking, buffing, dedusting,
glazing, machines, finiflex, hydraulic press, curtain coating, roller coating, transfer coating,
autospray, driers measuring machine etc.
Tutorial/practical sessions on adjustment of machinery parts of above machines for proper
functioning in leather processing.

UNIT IV TANNERY LAYOUT 5

Drawing a neat lay out for a small/medium tannery showing the wet yard and finishing yard by
arranging the machines as per the sequence of operation for standard leather processing.

UNIT V PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE AND SAFETY 5

Preventive maintenance and safety in the use of leather machinery
TOTAL : 75 PERIODS

87
OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will be able to understand the working principles of
machineries used in leather manufacture and their use and maintenance.

CO-1 Have knowledge of mechanical power transmission and fluid power

systems
CO-2 Understand the working principles of leather processing machineries
CO-3 Understand the working principles of leather product machineries
CO-4 Have knowledge on transport systems and automation in leather product
manufacture
CO-5 Aware of layout and maintenance of tannery and leather product unit

REFERENCES
1. Walter Landmann, The Machines in the Tannery – A Review of Leather Producing Machinery
and Equipment in current use, World Trades Publishing, UK, 2003
2. T.C.Thorstensen, Practical Leather Technology- Robert E.krieger Publishing Company,
Huntington, New york, 1976.

88
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge of

mechanical power
2 2 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 2
transmission and fluid
power systems

CO-2 Understand the working

principles of leather 3 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 3 2
processing machineries
CO-3 Understand the working
principles of leather 2 2 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1
product machineries
CO-4 Have knowledge on
transport systems and
automation in leather 1 2 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 3 3
product

manufacture
CO-5 Aware of layout and
maintenance of tannery 2 2 1 - 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
and leather product unit

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

89
LT7612 LEATHER GOODS AND GARMENTS – DESIGN AND FABRICATION
LABORATORY L T P C
0 0 6 3
AIM
To provide practical training in fabrication of various leather goods and garments.
1. Free hand object drawing practice
2. Leather goods and garments working sketch practice
3. Fashion illustration and color application
4. Good’s & garment’s leather assortment
5. Physical observation of goods & garments accessories and reinforcement materials
6. Practice in various kinds of tools and machineries operation and its function
7. Goods and garments pattern preparation and pattern laying on leather
8. Goods and garments leather and reinforcement material cutting and lining material cutting
9. Pre-assembly and stitching operations
10. Pattern design for leather goods and garments
11. Practice in goods and garments making
12. Goods and garments quality control checking
13. Pattern grading and practice in CAD/CAM

TOTAL : 90 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will have practical experience and understanding in design
and fabrication of leather goods and garments.

CO-1 Have practical experience in designing leather goods and garments.

CO-2 Have practical knowledge in fabrication of leather goods and garments.
CO-3 Aware of computer applications involved in developing leather goods and
garments.

90
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have practical experience

in designing leather 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
goods and garments.

CO-2 Have practical knowledge

in fabrication of leather 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 3
goods and garments.

CO-3 Aware of computer

applications involved in
2 3 2 1 2 - - 1 2 1 - 2 1 3 2
developing leather goods
and garments.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

91
LT7611 FINISHING PRACTICE LABORATORY L T P C
0 0 4 2

AIM
To provide practical training in various methods of finishing of leathers.

OBJECTIVES
To train the students gain practical experience in:
 Modern methods of finishing
 Use of cross linkers, Feel modifiers
 Water repellent finish formulations.
 Finishing using Roller coaters, Transfer coating m/c
 Cationic and foam finishing technologies.
 Patent finishing using Roller Coaters
 Trouble shooting in finishing.
 Finishing of various types of leathers – chrome-free, exotic, upholstery and water-repellent
leathers

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will have practical experience and understanding in finishing
of various types of leathers.

CO-1 Have practical experience in finishing of various types of leathers

CO-2 Understand recent technology involved in leather finishing
CO-3 Aware of various machinery operation involving in leather finishing

92
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have practical

experience in finishing 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 3
of various types of
leathers
CO-2 Understand recent
technology involved in 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
leather finishing
CO-3 Aware of various
machinery operation 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 - 3 2
involving in leather
finishing

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

93
LT7701 FOOTWEAR TECHNOLOGY L T P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge of various materials and components used in footwear manufacture.

OBJECTIVES
To give focus on the manufacture, evaluation and application of materials and components used in
footwear manufacture

UNIT I FOOTWEAR MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 9

Different types of upper and lining leathers; Different types of soling materials; Different types of
adhesives used in footwear industry; Kinds of insole boards, Grinderies; Fasteners; Shoe dressing
materials etc.

UNIT II DESIGN AND PATTERN DEVELOPMENT 9

History of shoe; Purposes and styles; Fashion & designs; Preparation of standards and section for
men, ladies & children; Classic and other types of shoes and boots.

UNIT III CUTTING, PRE-CLOSING AND CLOSING 13

Principles of cutting – Hand, machine; Clicking room design and management. Checking incoming
work, stitchmaking, skiving, punching and gimping, heat embossing, flow moulding, toe puff
attachment, attaching linings and scrims, trimming linings, finishing off closed seams. Top line and
other edge treatments, local reinforcements, attaching fastners and trims.

UNIT IV PRELASTING AND LASTING 10

Principles and methods of pre-lasting and lasting for different types of construction; Sole attaching;
Lasted margin; Upper preparation; Sole preparation; Sole cementing; Upper cementing; Bottom
fillers and shanks; Adhesive drying, Heat activation, Spotting, Pressing, Last slipping, Health and
safety, Quality control and fault finding problems- solving.

UNIT V METHODS OF SHOE CONSTRUCTION 4

Various methods of shoe construction; shoe room techniques.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will be able to understand the construction of a shoe and its
components.

CO-1 Understand the construction of a shoe and its components

CO-2 Understand the design and pattern development
CO-3 Have knowledge on cutting, pre closing and closing
CO-4 Have knowledge on prelasting and lasting
CO-5 Knowledge of various shoe construction

REFERENCES
1. Cott, N.F., “American Shoe Making”, Shoe Trades Publishing Co., Cambridge.1993.
2. “Shoes and Leather News”, Published by bureau of foreign and domestic commerce, Dept of
commerce, US, 1940.
3. B.Venkatappaiah, (1997), ”Introduction to modern footwear technology” Chennai. -GOTETI
GRAPHICS
94
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

construction of a shoe 2 3 - - 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
and its components
CO-2 Understand the design 2 3 3 - 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 1
and pattern development
CO-3 Have knowledge on
cutting, pre closing and 2 3 1 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 3 2
closing
CO-4 Have knowledge on 2 3 1 - 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 3
prelasting and lasting
CO-5 Knowledge of various 2 3 - - 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 3
shoe construction

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

95
GE7652 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To provide comprehensive knowledge about the principles, practices, tools and techniques
of Total quality management.

OBJECTIVES
 To understand the need for quality, its evolution, basic concepts, contribution of quality
gurus, TQM framework, Barriers and Benefits of TQM.
 To understand the TQM Principles.
 To learn and apply the various tools and techniques of TQM.
 To understand and apply QMS and EMS in any organization.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of product
and service quality –Definition of TQM-- Basic concepts of TQM –-Gurus of TQM (Brief
introduction) -- TQM Framework- Barriers to TQM –Benefits of TQM.

UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9

Leadership--The Deming Philosophy, Quality council, Quality statements and Strategic planning--
Customer Satisfaction –Customer Perception of Quality, Feedback, Customer complaints, Service
Quality, Kano Model and Customer retention – Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment,
Team and Teamwork, Recognition & Reward and Performance Appraisal--Continuous process
improvement –Juran Trilogy, PDSA cycle, 5s and Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering,
Supplier selection, Supplier Rating and Relationship development.

UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9

The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma Process Capability–
Bench marking – Reasons to bench mark, Bench marking process, What to Bench Mark,
Understanding Current Performance, Planning, Studying Others, Learning from the data, Using the
findings, Pitfalls and Criticisms of Bench Marking – FMEA – Intent of FMEA, FMEA Documentation,
Stages, Design FMEA and Process FMEA.

UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9

Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function – TPM –
Concepts, improvement needs – Performance measures-- Cost of Quality - BPR.

UNIT V QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 9

Introduction—Benefits of ISO Registration—ISO 9000 Series of Standards—Sector-Specific
Standards—AS 9100, TS16949 and TL 9000-- ISO 9001 Requirements—Implementation—
Documentation—Internal Audits—Registration--ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:
Introduction—ISO 14000 Series Standards—Concepts of ISO 14001—Requirements of ISO
14001—Benefits of EMS.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:

CO-1 Ability to apply TQM concepts in a selected enterprise

CO-2 Ability to apply TQM principles in a selected enterprise
CO-3 Ability to understand Six Sigma and apply Traditional tools, New tools,

96
 Benchmarking and FMEA.
CO-4 Ability to understand Taguchi's Quality Loss Function, Performance
Measures and apply QFD, TPM, COQ and BPR.
CO-5 Ability to apply QMS and EMS in any organization

TEXT BOOK:
1. Dale H.Besterfiled, Carol B.Michna,Glen H. Besterfield,Mary B.Sacre,Hemant Urdhwareshe
and Rashmi Urdhwareshe, “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, Revised
Third Edition, Indian Reprint, Sixth Impression,2013.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”, (6th
Edition), South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005.
2. Oakland, J.S. “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, Third Edition,
2003.
3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
2006 .
4. Janakiraman,B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”,Prentice Hall
(India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006.

97
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Ability to apply TQM

- - - - 3 3 3 - 3 - 2 1 1 1 3
concepts in a selected
enterprise
CO-2 Ability to apply TQM
- - - - 1 3 3 - 3 - 1 3 1 1 3
principles in a selected
enterprise
CO-3 Ability to understand Six
Sigma and apply
Traditional tools, New - - - - 2 3 3 - 3 - - 2 1 2 3
tools, Benchmarking and
FMEA.

CO-4 Ability to understand

Taguchi's Quality Loss
Function, Performance
- - - - 2 3 3 - 3 - 1 2 1 3 3
Measures and apply
QFD, TPM, COQ and
BPR.

CO-5 Ability to apply QMS

- - - - 2 3 3 - 3 - 1 2 1 3 3
and EMS in any
organization

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

98
LT7702 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF LEATHER AUXILIARIES L T PC
3003
AIM
This course aims to impart knowledge on the chemistry and properties of various auxiliaries used in
leather processing

UNIT I 9
Definition and function of leather auxiliaries, role of wetting agents, syntans, fatliquors, dyes,
pigments, binder, top coats, feel modifiers and matting agents in leather processing. Surface
tension and principles of wetting, importance of HLB, Chemical classification of wetting agents.

UNIT II 9
Introduction to chemical classification of syntans, sulphonation of naphthalene, phenols,
Napthols, Phenol formaldehyde condensation reactions, chemistry of light fast syntans, chemistry
of amino resins and PU.
Unit operations in syntan manufacture.

UNIT III 13
Introduction to composition of fatliquors; Functionalisation of oils for surface active function,
chemical classification natural and synthetic oils, sulphation, sulphonation, sulphitation
reactions of oils.
Role of double bonds and iodine value in functionalisation of oils, sulphochlorination,
sulphoamidation, transesterification, phosphorylation reactions for fatliquor preparation.
Stability of emulsions, grain and particle sizes of emulsions, factors controlling grain sizes of
emulsions.
Fatliquor manufacturing technology.
Introduction to theory of colors, chromphoric groups, structural features of dyes; acid, basic and
reactive dye classification.
Chemistry and technology of dye manufacture.

UNIT IV 9
Introduction to definition of pigments, groups of polymer bases for colour. Classification,
formulations of pigments, particle size, refractive index, density, opacity criteria for the
choice of pigment bases,
Different techniques in particle size reduction and importance of particle size on functional
properties of pigment formulation.
Introduction to definition of binders, chemical classification of binders, acrylic, protein,
polyurethane.
Manufacturing of binder formulations.

UNIT V 5
Different types of top coat formulations, choice of polymers for surface protection, role of
plasticizers, internal and external plasticizers.
Principles of feel modification of polymer surfaces, types of feel modifiers and matting agents.
Manufacturing techniques.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

99
OUTCOMES:
The students will be able to understand the structure and properties of various leather auxiliaries
and its application in leather proceeding.

CO-1 To gain knowledge on different leather auxiliaries used in leather

manufacturing
CO-2 Have knowledge in the preparation of different types of tanning agents
CO-3 Understand the chemistry of oil and oil modification for the leather
lubrication
CO-4 Understand chemistry and application of different dyes and pigments used
in leather manufacturing
CO-5 Have knowledge on the chemistry of finishing chemicals

TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES

1. Fred O Flaherty, Roddy, T.W. and Lollar, R.M. `The Chemistry and Technology of Leather',
Vol.II, Type of tannages, Rober E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York, 1978.
2. Gustavson, K.H. `Chemistry of Tanning Processes' Academic Press, New York, 1958.
3. Venkataraman , K. `Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes', Academic Press, New York and Lond,
1971.
4. Myers, R.R., and Lond, J.S. `Treatise on Coatings', Marcel Dekker, New York, 1975.

100
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 To gain knowledge on

different leather auxiliaries
3 1 1 - 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 3 2
used in leather
manufacturing

CO-2 Have knowledge in the

preparation of different 3 1 1 - 3 - 2 1 1 1 2 1 - 3 2
types of tanning agents

CO-3 Understand the chemistry

of oil and oil modification 3 1 1 - 1 2 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 3 2
for the leather lubrication

CO-4 Understand chemistry and

application of different
3 1 1 - 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2
dyes and pigments used
in leather manufacturing

CO-5 Have knowledge on the

chemistry of finishing 3 1 1 - 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2
chemicals

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

101
LT7711 LEATHER FOOTWEAR – DESIGN AND FABRICATION LABORATORY

L T P C
0 0 6 3
AIM
To provide practical training in fabrication of leather footwear.

Leather Assortment
Layout preparation
Preparation and cutting
Upper preparation
Pre Assemble operation
Closing Operation
Bottom Stock Preparation
Lasting and Finishing
Practice in CAD/CAM and pattern grading using machine.
Practice in classic shoe making; moccasin construction; practice in shoe finishing

TOTAL : 90 PERIODS
OUTCOMES
At the end of this course, the students will have practical experience and understanding in design
and fabrication of leather shoes.

CO-1 Have practical experience in the design and fabrication of footwear.

CO-2 Have practical knowledge of cutting and clicking process.
CO-3 Have practical knowledge on lasting and finishing process.

102
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have practical experience

in the design and 2 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 2
fabrication of footwear.

CO-2 Have practical knowledge

of cutting and clicking 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 2
process.

CO-3 Have practical knowledge

on lasting and finishing 2 3 2 1 2 - - 1 2 1 - 2 - 3 2
process.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

103
LT7712 INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP - II L T P C
0 0 4 2
Each student during should undertake 1 month practical training in leather and or leather products
manufacturing unit as a part of Industrial Internship – II during the summer vacation after sixth
semester. However evaluation for this course will be done in seventh semester. During seventh
semester the student should submit (to assigned faculty) an industrial training report on practical
internship undertaken by/assigned to him/her by the Department. The report should be based on
the practical experience gained at the industry duly certified by the issuing authority at the training
centre of leather industry. The objective of the training is to enhance the practical knowledge of
the students on various aspects associated with leather and or leather products manufacture.
Faculty in his/her assessment should judge the level of proficiency, originality and capacity for
application of the practical knowledge attained by the student during the training period.

OUTCOMES
CO-1 Provides real work experience
CO-2 Opportunity to explore students’ interest
CO-3 Students will be able to integrate classroom knowledge and theory with
practical application
CO-4 Provides a nice learning curve for students with little experience

CO-5 Develops professional skills and competencies

TOTAL DURATION: 4 WEEKS

104
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Provides real work

3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 3 1 2 3
experience

CO-2 Opportunity to explore 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 3

students’ interest
CO-3 Students will be able to
integrate classroom 3 1 3 2 2 - 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 3
knowledge and theory
with practical application
CO-4 Provides a nice learning
curve for students with 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 2 3
little experience
CO-5 Develops professional 3 2 - 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 1 3 3 3 3
skills and competencies

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

105
LT7713 MINI PROJECT LT P C
0 0 4 2
The objective of the project is to make use of the knowledge gained by the student at various
stages of the degree programme. This helps to judge the level of proficiency, originality and
capacity for application of the knowledge attained by the student at the end of the programme.
Each student is required to submit a report on the project undertaken by and assigned to him by
the Department. The report should be based on the information available in the literature, plan of
work and/or preliminary data determined in the laboratory/industry.

VIVA VOCE
The object of the viva-voce examination is to determine whether the objectives of the Project work
have been understood by the student as well as to assess the originality and initiative of the
student as demonstrated in the Project Work.

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Apply the fundamental concept learnt during the theory courses
CO-2 Identification of industrial problems
CO-3 Review of literature
CO-4 Identify the Knowledge gap
CO-5 Ability to plan and design process for the current problem

TOTAL : 60 PERIODS

106
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Apply the fundamental

concept learnt during the 3 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 1 1 3
theory courses
CO-2 Identification of industrial 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 - 3 3 1 3
problems
CO-3 Review of literature 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 3

CO-4 Identify the Knowledge 3 3 2 3 2 - - 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 3

gap
CO-5 Ability to plan and design
process for the current 3 3 2 3 2 - - 2 2 2 - 3 2 3 3
problem

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

107
LT7811 PROJECT WORK L T P C
0 0 20 10

The objective of the project is to make use of the knowledge gained by the student at various
stages of the degree programme. This helps to judge the level of proficiency, originality and
capacity for application of the knowledge attained by the student at the end of the programme.
Each student is required to submit a report on the project undertaken by and assigned to him by
the Department. The report should be based on the information available in the literature, plan of
work, experimental details, data determined in the laboratory/industry, results, discussion of the
data presented, conclusion and future work. Proper bibliographic details are necessary in the
report.

VIVA VOCE
The object of the viva-voce examination is to determine whether the objectives of the Project work
have been met by the student as well as to assess the originality and initiative of the student as
demonstrated in the Project Work.

OUTCOMES
CO-1 Ability to identify a problem and define project objectives
CO-2 Ability to plan and execute work
CO-3 Ability to collect data and compile results
CO-4 Ability to analyse the results
CO-5 Ability to present and communicate the findings effectively

TOTAL : 280 PERIODS

108
 Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Ability to identify a

problem and define 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3
project objectives

CO-2 Ability to plan and execute

3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 3 3 3 1 1 3
work

CO-3 Ability to collect data and

3 3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3
compile results

CO-4 Ability to analyse the

3 3 3 3 2 2 - 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 3
results

CO-5 Ability to present and

communicate the findings 3 3 3 3 2 2 - 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
effectively

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

109
LT7001 ADVANCED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF LEATHER – I (APCL–I) L T P C
3 0 0 3

AIM
To impart knowledge on the advanced physical and chemical concepts of native collagen and
collagen processed into leather.

OBJECTIVES
 At the end of the course the students would have gained comprehensive knowledge on the
chemistry and physics of molecular architecture, hydration, swelling, phase transitions,
dimensional stability, relaxation, shrinkage and cross-linking phenomena of
collagen/processed collagen/leather.

UNIT I 10
Histology and fibre packing in Skins. Techniques for study of macro-ultra and microstructural
details of skins. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of collagen.

UNIT II 10
Molecular architecture of collagen. Inter and intra-change forces in the stabilisation and
aggregation of collagen molecules. Three dimensional network of collagen fibres in skins and
leather matrix.

UNIT III 7
Hydration, fibre swelling and phase transitions in collagen fibres and their role in dimensional
stability of skin and leather matrix.

UNIT IV 9
Molecular mechanisms in relaxation and folding with special reference to native collagen and
tanned collagen. Helix to coil transition and effects of thermo-mechanical stress on connective
tissue fibres.

UNIT V 9
Shrinkage and cross linking phenomena in native, chrome tanned and vegetable tanned collagen.
Influence of electromagnetic and high energy radiation on native collagen.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have comprehensive knowledge on the chemistry and physics of Skin

CO-2 Understand the molecular architecture, hydration, swelling, phase transitions,
dimensional stability, relaxation, shrinkage.
CO-3 Have knowledge on cross-linking phenomena of collagen/processed collagen/leather.
CO-4 Ability to analyze the various thermo-mechanical properties of collagen
CO-5 Comprehend the electromagnetic and high energy radiation on collagen

110
TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES
1. Flaherty, O. Roddy, T.W., Lollar, R.M., `The Chemistry & Technology of Leather', Vol.1,
E. Robert Krieger Publishing Co., New York 1978.
2. Gustavson, K.H., `The Chemistry & Reactivity of Collagen', Academic Press, New York,
1958.
3. Ramachandran, G.N., `Treatise on the Biology of Collagen, Academic Press, New York,
1967.
4. Krishnan, V, Ed. ‘Trends in Collagen’, Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
(Chemical Sciences), Vol. 111, No. 1, Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore, 1999.

111
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have comprehensive

knowledge on the
3 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
chemistry and physics
of Skin.

CO-2 Understand the

molecular architecture,
hydration, swelling, 3 3 2 1 1 - 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
phase transitions,
dimensional stability,
relaxation, shrinkage.
CO-3 Have knowledge on
cross-linking
phenomena of 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 1
collagen/processed
collagen/leather.

CO-4 Ability to analyze the

various thermo-
3 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1
mechanical properties of
collagen

CO-5 Comprehend the

electromagnetic and high
3 3 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 1
energy radiation on
collagen

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

112
LT7002 ADVANCED PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF LEATHER - II LT PC
(Prerequisite: Elective APCL-II) 30 0 3

AIM
To attempt micro-level understanding of leather making

OBJECTIVES
 To understand hydration of skin protein and its functional sites
 To understand diffusion and transport phenomena in collagenous matrices
 To understand molecular level changes and dimensional changes during various unit
processes in leather making
 To relate surface science to leather making.

UNIT I 6
Macro and microporosity of skin and influence of hydration and water structure on the pore size
pattern in skin. Functional sites in protein for interactions with vegetable and pre-tanning
materials, Electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions at protein sites.

UNIT II 9
Types of transport of fluids into solid matrices. Diffusion and transport phenomena in collagenous
matrices. Kinetics and diffusion of tannery materials, dyes; forced diffusion into collagenous
matrices.

UNIT III 15
Molecular level processes and changes in soaking, liming/dehairing, deliming/bating, pickling,
tanning, dyeing and fatliquoring.

UNIT IV 6
Dimensional changes and ultra and micro structural variations of skins during soaking, liming,
deliming/bating, pickling, tanning, retanning, fatliquoring and drying as well as finishing with resin
and casein finishes.

UNIT V 9
Surface science application to leather. Surface charge and energy of full chrome and chrome
retanned leather. Emulsions in leather processing and the surface charge and potential of
leather finish films, adhesion, mechanisms, influence of opacity, refractive index and scattering
coefficient of pigments and pigment formulations and factors controlling the stability of leather
finish films.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have an appreciation and understanding on the underpinning scientific concept on

skin and leather
CO-2 Understand the diffusion and transport phenomena
CO-3 Have knowledge on molecular behavior of collagen
CO-4 Acquire knowledge on molecular level changes and dimensional changes in leather
making
CO-5 Obtaining coherent knowledge on surface science applications with leather making

113
TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES
1. Fred O, Flaherty, Roddy, T.W Roddy and Robert M. Lollar Ed., `The Chemistry of Technology
of Leather', Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co., New York 1978.
2. Bienkiewicz, `Physical Chemistry of Leather Manufacture' Krieger, Floridaa, 1982.
3. Gustavson, K.H., `Chemistry of Tanning Processes', Academic Press, New York, 1958.
4. Krishnan, V, Ed. ‘Trends in Collagen’, Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
(Chemical Sciences), Vol. 111, No. 1, Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore, 1999.

114
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have an appreciation

and understanding
on the underpinning 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
scientific concept on
skin and leather

CO-2 Understand the

diffusion and 3 3 2 1 1 - 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 1 1
transport phenomena

CO-3 Have knowledge on

molecular behavior 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 1
of collagen

CO-4 Acquire knowledge on

molecular level
changes and 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1
dimensional changes
in leather making

CO-5 Obtaining coherent

knowledge on surface
3 3 - 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 1
science applications
with leather making

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

115
LT7005 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND BUSINESS ORIENTATION LT PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To enable the students to understand the science behind various marketing activities.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this course to give an overview on consumer purchase decision making process,
the factors that influence the consumers’ buying behaviour and the process by which this
knowledge can be used in marketing products and service.

UNIT I
Consumer, Shopper and Buyer. Consumer decision making process – problem recognition,
information search, alternative evaluation, choice, transaction and consumption, post purchase
behavior, cognitive dissonance.

UNIT II
Psychological influence - symbolic consumption, self image, personality, personal values, life style,
psychographics, groups. Memory and learning, perception and cognition, motivation, emotion,
mood, self image, belief, attitude, intention, gender, age.

UNIT III
Sociological influence – cultural, sub cultural, cross cultural, social class, ethnic, religion, club,
group, family.

UNIT IV
Consumer Research - Identifying research opportunity, developing the research questionnaire,
selecting the research design – quantitative, qualitative, sample size and type. Data collection, data
analysis, reporting.

UNIT V
Advertising Promotion – Consumer impact on marketing, marketing impact on consumer, impact of
communication on changing consumer attitude. Shopping environment – social, physical and
environ. Fashion – behavioural perspective, cycles of fashion adoption,. Segmentation, Target and
positioning (STP). Consumer behaviour and Marketing Mix – 4 P. Creating and sustaining brand
personality. Subliminal messaging and persuasion of consumers. Creating “Buzz” to influence
consumer behaviour.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 To acquire knowledge on consumer behavior

CO-2 Ability to empathize social impact on consumer
CO-3 To acquire knowledge on marketing strategy
CO-4 Comprehensive understanding psychological impact on consumer
CO-5 Ability to Interpret data analysis and research opportunity

116
REFERENCES
1. Consumer Behavior 9th Edition Leon and Schiffman and Leslie Lazar Knuk, Pearson Education
Blackwell: Consumer Behaviour, 10e, Thomson 2007
2. Consumer Behaviour- Suja Nair - Himalaya Publishers. Assael: Consumer Behaviour, 6e
Thomson 2006
3. Research for Marketing decisions- Paul, Donald, Herald- Prentice Hall (India) Zikmund:
Exploring Marketing Research, 8e, Thomson 2006
4. Naresh K.Malhotra, Marketing Research, An applied Orientation, Pearson Education Asia.
Panda, Shiba Charan, Entrepreneurship Development, New Delhi, Anmol Publications.
5. Patel, V.G., The Seven Business Crises and How to Beat Them, Tata-Mcgraw,New Delhi,
1995.
6. Verma, J.C.., and Gurpal Singh, Small Business and Industry-A Handbook for Entrepreneurs,
Sage, New Delhi, 2002

117
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Acquire knowledge

on consumer - - - - 2 - 2 3 3 3 - - 3 - 3
behavior
CO-2 Understand social
- - - - 2 - 2 3 3 3 - - 3 - 3
impact on consumer
CO-3 Acquire knowledge
on marketing - - - - 2 - 2 3 3 3 - - 3 - 3
strategy
CO-4 Understand
psychological impact
- - - - 2 - 2 3 3 3 - - 3 - 3
on consumer

CO-5 Interpret data analysis

and research
- - - - 2 - 2 3 3 3 - - 3 - 3
opportunity

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

118
LT7006 ECO-BENIGN OPTIONS FOR LEATHER PROCESSING LT P C
3 0 0 3

AIM
To impart knowledge on ecofriendly options for leather processing.

OBJECTIVE
 At the end of the course the students would have gained knowledge on the cleaner process
technology in the leather processing during tanning, post tanning and finishing systems.
The emphasis on the course content will be on the fundamentals of bio beam house
processing.

UNIT I CLEANER PROCESSING - BEAMHOUSE 12

Eco-friendly process technologies: Salt free curing options, sulphide free unhairing systems,
ammonia - free deliming, salt free pickling systems, solvent free degreasing systems. Paradigm
shift from chemical processing of hides and skins to bio based beam house processing.

UNIT II CLEANER PROCESSING: TANNING 10

Less chrome and chrome-free tanning systems. Latest concepts and trends in leather processing.

UNIT III CLEANER PROCESSING: POST TANNING 8

Formaldehyde, Phenol, AOX free post tanning systems; Latest concepts and trends in leather
processing.

UNIT IV INTEGRATED CLEANER PROCESSING 8

Cleaner processing based on Eco-labelling. Integrated strategies to achieve permissible BOD,
COD and TDS standards of tannery effluents.

UNIT V ADVANCED CLEANER FINISHING TECHNIQUES 7

Role of finishing equipments such as HVLP spray, foam finishing, etc in cleaner perspective.
Aqueous finishing concepts and formulation; Other novel finishing techniques to reduce VOC.
Cleaner finishing of splits for shoe suede, garment suede, grain finished effect and specialty
finishes - processing technologies and finishing techniques specially suited for the purpose.
Upgradation of lower ends for better utilisation.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on the cleaner process technology in the leather processing.
CO-2 Understand the cleaner tanning, post tanning and finishing systems.
CO-3 Have knowledge on the fundamentals of bio beam house processing.
CO-4 Acquire knowledge on latest trends in leather processing
CO-5 To understand the finishing techniques for better utilization

REFERENCES
1. P.S.Briggs, "Gloving, Clothing and special leathers" products Institute, London, 1981.
2. J.H.Sharphouse, "Leather Technicians Hand Book", Leather Producers Association,
Northampton NN3 1JD, Reprinted 1995.

119
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge on

the cleaner process
1 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 -
technology in the
leather processing.

CO-2
Understand the
cleaner tanning, 1 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 -
post tanning
and finishing
systems.
CO-3 Have knowledge on
the fundamentals of 1 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 0 3 2
bio beam house
processing.
CO-4 Acquire knowledge on
latest trends in leather 2 2 3 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 0 3 3
processing

CO-5 To understand the

finishing techniques 1 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 3
for better utilization

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

120
LT7007 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS AND FINANCE MANAGEMENT LT PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on financial management concepts and principles of engineering economics

UNIT I FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 13

Accounting principles – basic records depreciation – depreciation methods – preparation and
interpretation of profit and loss statement – balance sheet – fixed assets – current assets.

UNIT II PROFIT VALUE ANALYSIS 10

Cost volume profit relationship – relevant costs in decision making profit management analysis –
break even analysis – margin of safety Angle of incident & multi product break even analysis –
Effect of changes in volume selling price fixed cost and variable cost on profit.

UNIT III WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 8

Current assets and liability decisions – estimation of working capital requirements – Management
of accounts receivable – Inventory – cash – inventory valuation methods.

UNIT IV CAPITAL BUDGETING 8

Significance of capital budgeting – payback period – present value method – Accounting rate of
return method.

UNIT V ENGINEERING ECONOMICS 7

Economics – Engineering economics – Demand analysis Laws of demand – Production and cost –
Pricing methods
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand the financial management and economics.

CO-2 Understand the profit value analysis
CO-3 Have knowledge in capital management and engineering economics
CO-4 Ability to Identify the accounting rate of return method
CO-5 To analyse demand laws

TEXT BOOKS
1. R. Kesavan, C.Elanchezhian and T.Sundar Selwyn – Engineering Economics and Financial
Accounting, Laxmi Publications 2005

REFERENCES
1. C.James, Vanhorn, Fundamentals of Financial management PHI 1996
2. Charles T.Homgren, Cost Accounting, PHI 1985
3. S.N.Maheswaran, Management Accounting and Financial Control, Sultan Chand, 1992.

121
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

financial
management and - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
economics.

CO-2 Understand the

profit value
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
analysis

CO-3 Have knowledge

in capital
management and - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
engineering
economics
CO-4 Ability to identify
the accounting rate
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
of return method

CO-5 To analyse
demand laws - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

122
LT7008 ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING FOR LEATHER SECTOR LTPC
300 3
AIM
To introduce enterprise resource planning principles to leather technologists.

OBJECTIVE
 The objective of this course is to teach the principles of ERP technologists involved in
enterprise resource and various case studies in the pre and post implementation of ERP,s
that will enable the students to perform as an efficient entrepreneur.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 6
1. What is ERP?
2. Need of ERP
3. Advantages of ERP
4. Growth of ERP

UNIT II ERP AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES 13

1. Business process Reengineering (BPR)
2. Management Information System (MIS)
3. Decision Support Systems (DSS)
4. Executive Support Systems (ESS)
5. Data Warehousing, Data Mining
6. Online Analytical Processing (OLTP)
7. Supply Chain Management (SCM)
8. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

UNIT III ERP MODULES & VENDORS 10

1. Finance
2. Production planning, control & maintenance
3. Sales & Distribution
4. Human Resource Management (HRM)
5. Inventory Control System
6. Quality Management
7. ERP Market

UNIT IV ERP IMPLEMENTATION LIFE CYCLES 10

1. Evaluation and selection of ERP package
2. Project planning
3. Implementation team training & testing
4. End user training & Going Live
5. Post Evaluation & Maintenance

UNIT V ERP CASE STUDIES 6

Post implementation review of ERP Packages in Manufacturing, Services, and
other Organizations
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

123
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on ERP and related technologies

CO-2 Understand the ERP implementation life cycles
CO-3 Understand the ERP case studies
CO-4 Have thorough knowledge on Quality management and ERP market
CO-5 Understand the growth and advantages of ERP

REFERENCES
1. Leon, A. Enterprise Resource Planning, Tata Mcgraw-hill, 1999.
2. Garg, V.K. and Venkitakrishnan, N.K. ERP Ware: ERP Implementation Framework, Prentice
Hall, 1999
3. Garg, V.K. and Venkitakrishnan, N.K. Enterprise Resource Planning Concepts and Practice,
PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2004

124
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge on

ERP and related 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 - 3 3
technologies

CO-2 Understand the ERP

implementation life 1 1 1 1 - 3 1 1 2 1 1 - - 3 3
cycles

CO-3 Understand the ERP - 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 3

case studies
CO-4 Have thorough
knowledge on Quality
1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 2 - 2 3 3
management and
ERP market

CO-5 Understand the

growth and 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 3
advantages of ERP

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

125
LT7009 ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR LEATHER SECTOR LTPC
3 00 3
AIM
This course aims to provide necessary knowledge and attitude to understand and appreciate the
process of starting and developing a new venture.

OBJECTIVE
To gain knowledge of entrepreneurial tasks such as, generating an idea, planning a business
based on the idea , conducting the feasibility study , pitching for the finance, taking risk, starting the
venture and expanding while abiding by various rules and laws applicable to the business
venture in leather sector.

UNIT I 8
Entrepreneurs – Mindset, character, motivation. Competencies - creativity, innovation, risk taking,
leadership, communication. Negotiation and networking skill. Myths about entrepreneurs; benefits
and drawbacks of entrepreneurship. Reasons for a venture failure. Successful first generation
entrepreneurs in leather sectors – case study.

UNIT II 8
Business Plan - Generating idea; converting an idea into business venture. Conducting feasibility
analysis – Financial, Commercial, Technical, Environmental and Legal. Developing a business plan
for leather and leathers products. Presenting a business plan to investors to pitch for funds.

UNIT III 10
Business Finance – Forms of ownership, Financial projections and pro- forma of profit and loss
account, cash flow statements; production and marketing budgets. Capital budgeting and
investment analysis, breakeven point and sensitivity analysis to decide on a tannery proposal.
Source of funds – own funds, banks , long term development financial institutions, Angel investors,
Venture Capitalist, Public issue (IPO). Taxes - VAT, Service Taxes, Excise and Customs duties,
CST, GST (proposed), tax exemptions for exports and SEZ. Controlling business - working capital
control and cost control; inventory, procurement and receivables control. Quality control. Sales and
marketing expenses control. SCM for leather sector.

UNIT IV 9
Building Team – creating growth oriented organisational culture. Employee motivation, retention
strategies. Organisational structure with clear roles, responsibilities, authorities and
accountabilities. Attracting talent with ESOP and other incentives and benefits. Training
development to enhance the quality of operators, supervisors and managers of the tannery.

UNIT V 10
Building Business – Market plan, market research, competitive analysis, formulating competitive
marketing strategy – Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning of the brand.. Formulating marketing
mix – 4 P. Personal selling, managing a sales team. Distribution and CRM Strategy. New Product
development. E-commerce fundamentals; strategy for expansion. Franchising - benefits and
drawbacks of franchising. Global marketing – overseas marketing strategies; export
documentation. Mergers and Acquisitions – synergy and valuation. Intellectual Property - patterns,
trademarks, copy rights and trade secrets to grow the business in leather sector.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

126
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on entrepreneurial tasks such as, generating idea, planning
business
CO-2 Have knowledge on financial management
CO-3 Understand the organizational management and business development strategies
CO-4 Acquire knowledge to enhance the productivity
CO-5 Have knowledge on Intellectual property

REFERENCES
1. Entrepreneurship - D.F. Kuratko and T.V.Rao – Cengage Learning -2012 ; ISBN – 978-81-
315-1716-1
2. Entrepreneurial Development – Dr. S.S. Khanna - S. Chand -2012 ISBN – 81- 219-1801-4
3. Handbook for New Entrepreneurs – P.C. Jain – Entrepreneurship Development Institute of
India – 2010; ISBN:13 : 978-0-19-565224-6
4. Essentials of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management – Thomas W. Zimmerer,
Norman M. Scarborough – PHI Learning Ltd New Delhi. ISBN : 978 – 81- 203-3911-8
5. http://smallb.in/entrepreneurship - A SIDBI initiative
6. http://business.gov.in/ - Business Knowledge Resources for SMEs
7. http://www.dcmsme.gov.in/ - Development Commissionaire (MSME) Ministry of Small Micro
Medium Industries

127
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge on

entrepreneurial
tasks such as, 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 - - 3
generating idea,
planning business
CO-2 Have knowledge on
financial - 1 2 1 - 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 - 2 3
management

CO-3 Understand the

organizational
management and 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 3
business
development
strategies
CO-4 Acquire knowledge
to enhance the 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 3
productivity

CO-5 Have knowledge on

1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 3
Intellectual property

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

128
LT7010 FASHION FORCASTING FOR LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS LT PC
3 0 0 3

AIM
To impart knowledge on fashion forecasting for leather and leather products.

OBJECTIVES
 To give focus on the historical evaluation & international trends, fashion considerations,
product development, presentation techniques and fashion forecasting of leather and
leather products.

UNIT I HISTORICAL EVALUATION & INTERNATIONAL TRENDS 10

Historical evaluation of leather and leather products styling. Seasonal influences on fashion,
cultural and geographical instances on leather and products fashion. Market research and track
record

UNIT II FASHION CONSIDERATIONS 9

Design Criteria through effect of shape, colour, pattern, texture and decorative materials. Life cycle
of fashion

UNIT III PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 9

Market Strategy - Prototype Development - Field test and evaluation - Standard preparation -
Second prototype - Final run. Costing

UNIT IV PRESENTATION TECHNIQUES 9

Organisation of shows and preparation of art portfolios; advertising; effect of foreign languages in
the presentation and promotional activities.
UNIT V FASHION FORECAST 8
Direction of fashion trends in leather and leather products production and marketing.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on international trends and fashion considerations in leather

CO-2 Understand the leather products styling
CO-3 Have knowledge on fashion forecast
CO-4 Thorough knowledge on promotional activities
CO-5 To impart market research and track record

REFERENCES
1. Cott, N.F., “American Shoe Making”, Shoe Trades Publishing Co., Cambridge.1993.
2. “Apparel International” Published by P.F collier and sons, U.K, 1961.
3. “Shoes and Leather News”, Published by bureau of foreign and domestic commerce, Dept of
commerce, US, 1940.

129
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge

on international
trends and fashion
- - - - 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 - 3 3
considerations in
leather

CO-2 Understand the

leather products
- - - - 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 - 3 3
styling.

CO-3 Have knowledge

on fashion - - - - 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 - 3 3
forecast
CO-4 Thorough
knowledge on
promotional - - - - 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 - 3 3
activities

CO-5 To impart market

research and track
- - - - 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 - 3 3
record

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

130
LT7011 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT LT PC
30 0 3
AIM
To impart human resource management skills to the students.

OBJECTIVES
 The purpose of this course is to provide an overview of human resource management
concepts and relate them to contemporary issues.

UNIT I MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES 15

Human resource planning, Organizational design, HR budgeting, Motivation, Leadership,
Employee involvement, Ethics, International issues, Job design: Job analysis-Job description,
Performance management: Performance appraisals, Workplace behaviour problems

UNIT II STAFFING 6
Equal employment opportunity, recruitment, selection, career planning, organizational exit

UNIT III HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 7

HRD role clusters: Analysis/Assessment roles- Evaluator, Needs analyst, Researcher
Development roles - Evaluator, HRD materials developer, Program designer
Strategic roles – HRD manager, Marketer, Organization – Change agent, Individual – Career
development advisor, Instructor/Facilitator, Administrator

Competency development: Technical competence, Managerial competence, Process competence,

Helping Competence and Coping Competencies; Training and Development; Organizational
Development, Career Development;

Contemporary issues: Knowledge management and learning organizations, BPR, TQM and
Intellectual capital management.

UNIT IV COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS 5

Job evaluation, Pay structures, Benefit programs, Pay delivery administration.

UNIT V HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY AND LABOUR RELATIONS 12

Employee assistance programs, safety programs, theft, fraud, investigations, corrections; Labour
laws, unfair labour practices, collective bargaining
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on management and employment practices.

CO-2 Aware of fundamentals of human resource development
CO-3 Understand the management concepts and relate them to contemporary issues.
CO-4 Understand competency and various contemporary issues
CO-5 Vast knowledge on occupational safety and labour laws

TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES

1. Mathis, R. L. & Jackson, J. H. (2003). Human Resource Management, (10th ed.), Mason,
Ohio: Thomson-Southwestern.
2. Rao, T.V., (1996) “Human Resources Development: Experiences. Interventions. Strategies”,
Sage Publications, New Delhi.

131
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge

on management
2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 - - 3
and employment
practices

CO-2 Aware of
fundamentals of
- 1 2 1 - 2 1 2 3 1 1 3 - 2 3
human resource
development

CO-3 Understand the

management
concepts and 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 3
relate them to
contemporary
issues
CO-4 Understand
competency and
various 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 3
contemporary
issues

CO-5 Vast knowledge on

occupational safety 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 3
and labour laws

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

132
LT7012 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING AND FOREIGN TRADE LT PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on international marketing and foreign trade aspects of leather industry

OBJECTIVE
 At the end of the course the students would understand the basics of international trade,
government policies in export aspects of world trade related to leather sector, custom tariff
and international marketing.
UNIT I 9
Basics of International trade - India's trade policy, International trade and Monetary Systems-
Marketing Services in International trade Pricing and trade cycles-Precautionary measures to
prevent fraud in International trade - International trade Multimodal Transport Operations-
Consumer Behavior and Role of international Marketing- Indian market Analysis.

UNIT II 11
Introduction-Import to India-An over view, Import and the Customs in India-Importation of Goods,
Customs Duty and Exemptions-Valuation of Goods under Customs, Clearance of Imported Goods
and Goods in Transit-Warehousing of Goods, Import into India.
India's new foreign trade Policy -Legal frame work of foreign trade Policy-Special focus - General
provision on Import and Export-Promotional Measures- Duty exemption/ Duty remission scheme
EPCG Scheme -EOU/ EHTP/ STP/ BTP- SEZs.

UNIT III 11
Marketing concepts and Import-Forms of organization in Import and domestic Trade- Products,
Sales forecasting and sales Management-pricing, Promotion, Branding and Advertising.
Retail Management - Introduction to Logistics - Parameters of Supply Chain Management -
Management of logistics and Supply Chain - Consumer Supply Chain Relationship.

UNIT IV 5
The Customs Tariff Act-Exemptions in Import-by UN and its agencies and their officials-Import by
UN or international organizations for execution of projects in India-Imports by Government
Diplomats, Trade representatives etc.-Customs Tariff

UNIT V 9
Marketing Management in the Indian context Introduction-concept-process functions-Role of
Marketing in modern Organization- Marketing environment-Socio economic forces- Marketing
Planning-Understanding Buyerand Organizational behavior- -Product Management -Pricing
decisions-Promotion Decisions.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand the basics of international trade, government policies in export

CO-2 Have knowledge on aspects of world trade related to leather sector and custom
tariff
CO-3 Understand the international marketing
CO-4 Thorough knowledge on India's new foreign trade Policy
CO-5 Perceive marketing management and promotion decisions

133
TEXT BOOKS
1. Wagdre, H. International Marketing Management, Adhyayan Publisher, 2007
2. Datey, V. S. Foreign Trade Policy, Taxmann Publishers, 2008.
3. Bhat, M. K. international marketing management with special reference to India, king
publishers, 2001

134
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

basics of
international trade,
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
government policies
in export

CO-2 Have knowledge

on aspects of
world trade related - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
to leather sector
and custom tariff
CO-3 Understand the
international - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
marketing
CO-4 Thorough knowledge
on India's new
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
foreign trade Policy

CO-5 Perceive marketing

management and
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3 3 - 3
promotion decisions.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

135
LT7013 LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS COSTING LT PC
3 00 3

UNIT I 9
Cost accounting, elements of cost, classification of cost elements – examples from textile industry,
methods of costing

UNIT II 5
Cost profit volume analysis, breakeven analysis; standard costing, analysis of variance

UNIT III 17
Costing of leather and leather products – material, labour, power and overhead expenses

UNIT IV 9
Foreign exchange mechanisms, exchange rates; foreign exchange exposure management – risks,
strategies to reduce risk

UNIT V 5
Budget, types of budgets, budgeting and control in tanneries and leather products industry

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Manage the costing of leather and leather products.

CO-2 Have knowledge on budget management
CO-3 Understand the risk analysis of foreign exchange.
CO-4 Able to analyse costing
CO-5 Perceive cost accounting and variou methods of costing

REFERENCES
1. “Cost accounting for textile mills”, ATIRA, Ahmadabad, 1974
2. Kantwala, D.N., “Costing and Cost Control – A Marginal Approach for Textile Industry”,
Texcons, Bombay, 1974
3. James C., Van Home., “Financial Management and Policy”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi, 1980
4. Bhave P.V. and Srinivasan V., “Costing Accounting to Textile Mills”, ATIRA, Ahmadabad, 1976
5. Thukaram Rao M.E., “Cost and Management Accounting” New Age International, Bangalore,
2004
6. Thukaram Rao M.E., “Cost Accounting and Financial Management” New Age International,
Bangalore, 2004.

136
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Manage the costing

of leather and 2 1 - - 1 2 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 -
leather products.

CO-2 Have knowledge on

budget 2 2 3 - 3 - 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 -
management

CO-3 Understand the risk

analysis of foreign 3 2 - - 3 1 - 1 1 1 - 2 - 3 2
exchange.
CO-4 Able to analyse
2 3 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 - 3 3
costing

CO-5 Perceive cost

accounting and
3 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 3 3 3
various methods of
costing

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

137
LT7014 LEATHER AND PRODUCT MERCHANDISING L T P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on leather products merchandising that relates to the domestic and global
leather and leather product merchandising.

OBJECTIVES
To understand
 Fundamentals of purchasing
 Retail sector
 Global Market

UNIT I PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING MANAGEMENT 9

Introduction, Definition, Importance and Scope of Marketing, Philosophies of Marketing
Management, Elements of Marketing - Needs, Wants, Demands, Customer, Consumer, Markets
and Marketers; Marketing Vs Selling, Consumer Markets and Industrial Markets. Concept of
Marketing Management, Marketing – Mix, Functions of Marketing Management, Marketing
Organisations, Qualities of Marketing Manager.
Marketing Environment, Factors Affecting Marketing Environment, Marketing Information System
and Marketing Research, Strategic Marketing Planning.

UNIT II PURCHASING PRINCIPLES AND MANAGEMENT 9

Purchasing scope and development - Strategic aspects of purchasing - Key purchasing -variables
consideration - Purchasing negotiations & competitive – Bidding - Outsourcing -purchasing
operation - Buying capital goods & services - Purchasing for resale - Purchasing systems and
technology - Evaluation of purchasing performance - Purchasing ethics and legal issues

UNIT III PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MERCHANDISING 9

Merchandising concepts, technology, systems, planning - Merchandise pricing and budgeting,
sample handling - Managing merchandise assortments - Developing and - presenting product lines
- Introduction to shipping operation

UNIT IV RETAIL SECTOR OF LEATHER 9

Overview of retailing; Changing retail environment - Typology of retail buying - Understanding the
consumer - Competitive strategies in the retail industry - Retail location strategy; Store layout &
Design - Product planning and selection; Inventory management - Retail pricing; Retail
communication - Customer Service

UNIT V GLOBAL SOURCING OF LEATHER 9

Globalization and its influences - The role and importance of global sourcing - Global sourcing
process and strategy - Investigation and tendering - Supplier selection and development -
Operationalization of global sourcing strategy - Performance Measurement - The benefits and
challenges of global sourcing - Coping with custom clearance uncertainties - Sourcing on the
Internet - Supplier relationship development - Merchandising language for sourcing
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand the basic principles of marketing management

CO-2 Understand the purchasing principles and management
CO-3 Fundamentals of procurement and merchandising
CO-4 Basic knowledge of Retail sector
CO-5 Knowledge of Global Marketing and Global sourcing

138
REFERENCES
1. Apparel Product Design and Merchandising Strategies by Cynthia L. Regan. Publisher:
Prentice Hall
2. Integrated Retail Management by James R. Ogden & Denise T. Ogden, 2007, Biztantra Retail
Management – Levy & Weitz-TMH 5th Edition 2002
3. Charles W L Hill. And Arun Kumar Jain. International Business: competing in the global market
place, Mc Graw-Hill, 2007.
4. John D. Daniels Lee H Radebaugh, International Business: Environments and Operations
Addison Wesley, 2007.
5. Justin Paul – International Business – Prentice Hall of India, 2007 Oded Shenkar Yadong Luo :
International Business – John Wiley & Co., 2006

139
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

basic principles of 3 1 - - 1 1 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 -
marketing
management
CO-2 Understand the
purchasing 2 2 3 - 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 -
principles and
management
CO-3 Fundamentals of
procurement and 2 2 - - 3 1 - 1 1 1 - 2 - 3 2
merchandising
CO-4 Basic knowledge 2 3 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 - 3 3
of Retail sector
CO-5 Knowledge of
Global Marketing 3 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 3 3 3
and Global
sourcing

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

140
LT7015 LEATHER PRODUCTS MACHINERY LTPC
3003
AIM
To impart knowledge on leather products machinery used in leather product sector.

OBJECTIVES
To focus on the hand tools and machines, machines for shoe and footwear construction, system,
automation in leather product machines and modular manufacturing and layout.

UNIT I HAND TOOLS AND MACHINES 8

Hand tools and machinery used in leather and leather products making and other auxiliaries
operations – General constructions - Principles involved in their working - Power transmissions
systems. The machinery: clicking Press, splitting, skiving, edge-folding, stamping, sewing,
punching, crimping, eyeleting, Seam-rubbing and taping, thermo-cementing, Pre-forming, etc.

UNIT II MACHINES FOR SHOE AND FOOTWEAR CONSTRUCTION 8

Machines used in cemented, stitch down, welted, string lasted, DVP & DIP and other types of
construction. Principles involved in their working - trouble shooting and & preventive maintenance.
Spare parts planning and inventing control.

UNIT III TRANSPORT SYSTEM 5

Different types of material handling system in leather products industry. Manual, semi-automatic
and automatic conveyors.

UNIT IV AUTOMATION IN LEATHER PRODUCT MACHINES 11

Application of computer/microprocessor base leather products making machines, principle and
operation technique, safety measurements computerized controls, micro-processor links, and used
of Robotics Die Less Cutting Systems. CAM for automatic stitching and other advance footwear
machinery.

UNIT V MODULAR MANUFACTURING AND LAYOUT 13

Productivity improvements: scheduling, Simulation, Toyota and rink system and Lean
manufacturing system.
Factors affecting plant location and construction of factory building for balancing the production line
in footwear Industry. Application of Neural-network software in layout preparation.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand the working principles of various machinery used in leather.

CO-2 Understand the principles and operation of Leather Processing Machineries
CO-3 Understand the principles and operation of Leather Products Machineries
CO-4 Know about transport systems and automation in leather product
manufacture
CO-5 Aware of layout and maintenance of tannery and leather product unit.

REFERENCES
1. Thornton, J.H, “Text Book of Footwear Manufacture”, National Trade Press Ltd., London, 1970.
2. Blakeman, J., “An Introduction to applied Science for Boot and Shoe Manufacture”, The Anglo
American Technical Co.Ltd., London,1924.

141
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

working principles
of various 2 1 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 -
machinery used in
leather.
CO-2 Understand the
principles and
operation of 2 2 3 - 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 -
Leather
Processing
Machineries
CO-3 Understand the
principles and
operation of 2 2 - - 3 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 - 3 2
Leather Products
Machineries
CO-4 Know about
transport systems
and automation in 2 3 2 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 - 3 3
leather product
manufacture
CO-5 Aware of layout
and maintenance
of tannery and 2 2 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 3 3 3
leather product
unit.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

142
LT7016 ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LEATHER MANUFACTURE LT PC
30 0 3

UNIT I TRENDS IN LIVESTOCK POPULATION 5

Social relevance and historical growth of leather sector. Categories of livestock, global distribution,
India’s share, distribution livestock in India, growth rates, trends and relative importance,
projections.

UNIT II AVAILABILITY AND MARKETING OF HIDES AND SKINS 10

Concepts, global availability, India’s share in the world, trends in meat production and consumption
practices, fallen animal recovery systems, off-take rates (slaughter and mortality rates), availability
of hides and skins, projections
Collection and mobilization of hides and skins, Origin and characteristics, Transportation, Grading
systems, Pricing, major markets and sourcing of hides and skins, Broad features of marketing.

UNIT III STRUCTURE OF TANNING INDUSTRY AND LEATHER PRODUCT INDUSTRIES

IN INDIA 10
Distribution of tanneries in India, scale of operation, type of ownership, line of specialization,
capacity and production, employment pattern, industrial policy, environmental issues, leather
complexes, Categories of products, distribution of footwear, leather garments, leather goods
industries, scale of operation, ownership pattern, capacity and production, industrial policy,
employment, exports and domestic market.

UNIT IV INDIA’S FOREIGN TRADE AND POLICY 5

Economic and social importance of leather sector, trade terms, trends in the exports, major
importing countries, imports of India, review of trade policy and impact.

UNIT V GLOBAL MARKET FOR LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS 15

Shifts in production bases, structure of global market, trends in the global trade, major markets,
competitors for India, dynamics of global leather trade.

EMERGING DIMENSIONS IN THE GLOBAL TRADE: Non- price Competition , Trade related
Environmental and Social issues , Eco- labels and Social certification , E- Commerce, impact of
World Trade Organisation .

STRATEGIES FOR EXPORT PROMOTION: Identification of critical factors, Role of various

organizations, Planning and sustainable development ,Trade policy, Developing market net-work
and market intelligence, Resource and product related strategies.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge in raw material resource management

CO-2 Have knowledge about leather industry in India and world
CO-3 Understand the domestic trade management in leather
CO-4 Understand the international trade management in leather
CO-5 Have knowledge on industry, trade management and development strategy in leather

143
TEXT BOOKS AND REFERENCES
1. Report of All India Survey on Raw Hides and Skins, CLRI, 1987 and 2004
2. Report on Capacity Utilisation and Scope for modernization of Indian tanning industry , CLRI,
1990
3. Report of the Committee on The Development of Leather and Leather Manufactures for
Exports (Seetharamaiah Committee Report) , Govt of India 1972
4. Report of the Nation wide Survey on Leather Product Units in India, CLRI, 1997.
5. Thyagarajan, G, Srinivasan, A.V. and Amudeswari, A., "Indian Leather 2010, A technology,
Industry and Trade Forecast', CLRI, Madras 1994.
6. Bulletins of India’s Foreign Trade in Leather and Leather Products , CLRI
7. Sadulla, S. The Leather Industry Kothari’s Desk book Series, H.C. Kothari Group (Publications
Division), Madras 1995.

144
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge

in raw material 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 - 3 3
resource
management
CO-2 Have knowledge
about leather 1 1 1 - 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 - 3 3
industry in India
and world
CO-3 Understand the
domestic trade 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 3
management in
leather
CO-4 Understand the
international trade 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 3
management in
leather
CO-5 Have knowledge
on industry, trade
management and - 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 3
development
strategy in
leather

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

145
LT7018 SAFETY IN LEATHER INDUSTRIES LT P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on Occupational Safety and Hazard aspects in leather manufacture
OBJECTIVES
To understand
1. legal framework of safety & health in India and international conventions
2. hazard identification and assessment
3. productive machine safety in the leather industry
4. work ecology and ergonomics
5. emergency prevention and preparedness safety & health management

UNIT I SAFETY PHILOSOPHY, HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT 10

Legal framework of safety & health in India International conventions and trends; Responsibilities
and enforcement mechanism. Need for safety & health (cost/benefit rational; safety, environment
and productivity triangle); Role of industrial hygiene, Hazard classification (hazard categories and
groups), Hazard identification and assessment (tools and methods).

UNIT II SAFETY IN USE OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AT WORK 8

Chemical and biological hazards in the work place in the leather industry; Health effects of
chemical and biological exposure Hazard information systems on hazardous substances
(material safety data sheets, labelling) Workplace exposure monitoring and evaluation Hazard
prevention and control measures (storage, handling and disposal) in the leather industry.

UNIT III PRODUCTIVE MACHINE SAFETY IN THE LEATHER INDUSTRY, WORK

ECOLOGY AND ERGONOMICS 17
Safety hazards of machinery, machine tools and electrical installations ; Hazard prevention
and safeguarding of machinery (guards, machine controls, ergonomics) ; Role of preventive
maintenance; Safe workstation design and layout, Manual handling of material; Lighting
(standards, use of natural and artificial illumination); Climate control (standards,
temperature/humidity, improving general ventilation); Noise management (standards, prevention
and protection); Safety of factory premises and installations (railings, flooring, safe structures);
Welfare measures; Personal protection and hygiene (selection, use, maintenance);

UNIT IV EMERGENCY PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS 7

Planning for emergencies; Control of fire and explosion; Dealing with medical emergencies

UNIT V SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PROMOTION 3

Promoting safety & health practices at the workplace (training, safety and warning signs); Role
and responsibilities of managers, supervisors and workers.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Acquire knowledge on legal framework of safety and health in India and
international conventions
CO-2 To understand Hazard identification and assessment methods
CO-3 Have knowledge on machinery safety’s in the leather industry
CO-4 Comprehensive knowledge on Work ecology and ergonomics
CO-5 Acquire familiarity on emergency prevention and preparedness safety and
health management

146
REFERENCES
1. Jeannie Mager Stellmann, Encyclopaedia of Occupational Safety & Health, 4th edition,
International Labour Office, Geneva 1999.
2. J. Buljan, A Sahasranaman, J Hannak, Occupational Safety and Health Aspects of
Leather Manufacture, 1st edition, United Nations Industrial Development
Organization, Chennai, 1998.
3. CLRI, Safety Manual on Leather Processing, 1st edition, Central Leather Research Institute,
Chennai, 1999.

147
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Acquire
knowledge on
Legal framework
of safety and 1 3 - - 2 1 2 2 1 1 - 2 - 3 -
health in India
an
d international
conventions
CO-2 To understand
Hazard
1 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 - 2 - 3 -
identification and
assessment
methods
CO-3 Have knowledge on
machinery safety’s 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 - 2 1 3 2
in the leather
industry
CO-4 Comprehensive
knowledge on Work 1 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 - 2 2 3 3
ecology and
ergonomics
CO-5 Acquire familiarity
on emergency
prevention and 1 3 - - 2 1 2 2 1 1 - 2 2 3 3
preparedness
safety and health
management

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

148
LT7019 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF LEATHER SUPPLEMENTS AND
SYNTHETICS LT P C
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on the use of leather supplements used as substitutes for leather in the
manufacture of leather products

OBJECTIVE
At the end of the course the students would have gained knowledge on the chemistry of most
common polymeric materials used in leather industry as supplements. The emphasis on the course
content will be on the fundamentals of polymerization of various polymers used. Analytical skills on
testing of polymers will be emphasized that will enable them to understand various polymer
properties and manufacturing methods.

UNIT I 6
Technology of the most common polymeric materials used in leather industry as supplements.
Polymer and Rubber industries in India.

UNIT II 15
Manufacture of industrially important polymers for plastics, fibres and lastomer -
Polyethylene, polypylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene,
polyurethane, fluoro-carbon polymers, epoxy resins, polyamides, polyesters, alkyd resins,
silicone polymers, cellulosics.

UNIT III 6
Fabrication of polymeric materials, compounding and mixing, casting, extrusion, fibre spinning,
molding, coating, foam fabrication.

UNIT IV 8
Testing of polymers. Mechanical and Thermal testing.

UNIT V 10
Manufacture of rubber and elastomers. Natural rubber, processing, vulcanizing synthetic
elastomers, butadiene copolymer, neutral rubber, polyisoprene polybutadiene. Polymer and rubber
industries in India.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on the chemistry of most common polymeric materials used in
leather industry as supplements.
CO-2 Understand the fundamentals of polymerization of various polymers used
CO-3 Able to manufacture industrially important polymers
CO-4 Gain knowledge on analytical skills on testing of polymers.
CO-5 Knowledge on polymer modification

149
REFERENCES
1. Williams, D.J., `Polymer Science & Engineering', Prentice Hall, New York, 1971.
2. Austin, G.T., Shrere's `Chemical Process Industries', 5th ed., McGraw Hill International
Book Co., Singapore, 1984.
3. Elrich. F.R., `Science & Technology of Rubber;, Academic Press, New York, 1978.
4. Lubin, `Handbook of compsites', Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York.

150
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge

on the chemistry
of most common
polymeric - 3 -
3 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 3
materials used in
leather industry
as supplements.
CO-2 Understand the
fundamentals of
- 3 -
polymerization of 3 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 3
various polymers
used
CO-3 Able to
manufacture 1 3 2
3 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 3
industrially
important polymers
CO-4 Gain knowledge
on analytical skills 2 3 3
3 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 3
on testing of
polymers.
CO-5 Knowledge on
polymer 2 3 3
3 3 - - - - 3 - - - - 3
modification

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

151
LT7020 TECHNOLOGY OF ANIMAL AND TANNERY BY PRODUCTS UTILISATION
LTPC
30 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on the preparation and use of tannery by-products that emerge during the
preservation and manufacture of leather and leather products.

OBJECTIVE
At the end of the course the students would have gained knowledge on the preparation of several
by-products emerging out of the leather and leather products sector.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Types of animal byproducts - from abattoirs, meat processing plants, poultry, fishing and
other sources including fallen animals. Present methods of collection, processing and utiisation in
developing countries vis - a - vis developed countries : conservation techniques and concept
of two tier technology. Protein meals from animal by-products including fallen animals and their
significance in livestock feeds.

UNIT II DIFFERENT METHODS OF RENDERING 9

Bone products and their utilisation. Keratinous proteins - various sources keratinous based
products and their uses.

UNIT III ANIMAL BLOOD, ITS PRODUCTS AND THEIR UTILISATION 9

Alimentary tract and its processing into various products. Present status of the industry in
the country. Pet foods methods of preparation in brief.

UNIT IV UTILISATION OF ORGANS AND GLANDS FROM SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS 9

Anaerobic digestion, its significance for the preparation of animal feed, fuel gas, fertilizer,
etc. Quality control including microbiological aspects of products processed from animal by-
products.

UNIT V PRESENT STATUS OF VARIOUS BY-PRODUCTS IN INDIA 9

Process studies on Glue making from tannery wastes - Bone glue and deproteinisation of bone -
Horn and hoof meal - Protein meals by different methods

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Knowledge of various animal byproducts and their significance

CO-2 To gain knowledge on the preparation of several by-products emerging from
slaughter houses and tanneries
CO-3 Understand the utilization by products..
CO-4 Understand the characteristics of tannery byproducts
CO-5 Have knowledge in various methods of waste to wealth creation.

152
REFERENCES
1. Burnham, F. `Rendering - the invisible industry", Aero Publishers, inc., Fallbrook, CA 92028,
1978.
2. Mann, I. `Processing and Utilisation of animal by-products', Food and Agriculture
organisation, Rome, 1962.
3. Scaria, K.J., Mahendrakumar and Divakaran, S. `Animal by-Products - processing and
utilisation', Central Leather Research Institute, Madras, 1981.
4. Taiganides, E.P. `Animal Wastes', Applied Science, Publishers Ltd., Essex, 1977.
5. Mahendrakumar, `Hand Book of rural technology for the processing of animal by-products'.
FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 79, Food and Agriculture Organisation.
6. Divakaran, S. Animal Blood - Processing and utilisation, Food and Agriculture
Organisation, Rome, 1978.

153
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Knowledge of
various animal - 3 -
- - - - 3 3 3 - - - - -
byproducts and
their significance
CO-2 To gain
knowledge on the
preparation of
several by-
products - 3 -
- - - - 3 3 3 - - - - -
emerging from
slaughter
houses and
tanneries
CO-3 Understand the
1 3 2
utilization by - - - - 3 3 3 - - - - -
products..
CO-4 Understand the
2 3 3
characteristics of - - - - 3 3 3 - - - - -
tannery byproducts
CO-5 Have knowledge
in various
2 3 3
methods of waste - - - - 3 3 3 - - - - -
to wealth
creation.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

154
LT7021 VALUE ENGINEERING IN LEATHER SECTOR L T PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge of value engineering and reengineering and relating them to leather industry.

OBJECTIVE
 To address value engineering through the objectives, different stages, procedures and
implementation of reengineering.
 To make students apply the learned concepts in a case study/project.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF VALUE ENGINEERING AS APPLIED TO LEATHER

MANUFACTURE 8
Value- Types –How to add value-Job plan – techniques employed- Who will do value engineering-
Organizing the value engineering study-Benefits in leather and allied industries

UNIT II STEP BY STEP APPLICATION OF JOB PLAN IN LEATHER RELATED

INDUSTRIES 10
Selection of project and team members – general phase – information phase – function phase –
creative phase – evaluation phase – Investigation phase – implementation phase – Audit-in leather
and allied industries

UNIT III WORK SHEETS AND GUIDE LINES FOR LEATHER AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES
9
Preparation of worksheets – general and information phase – Function Classification, relationship
and summary- Meaningful costs- Cost analysis- Idea listing and Comparison – Feasibility ranking –
Investigator phase, study summary – guidelines for writing value engineering proposal – Financial
aspects – Life cycle cost analysis – Oral presentation – Audit – Case studies and Discussion.

UNIT IV REENGINEERING PRINCIPLES IN LEATHER PROCESSING AND IN LEATHER

PRODUCT SECTOR 10
The 6 R’s of organizational transformation and reengineering – process reengineering - preparing
the workforce – Methodology – PMI leadership expectation – Production and service improvement
model – Process improvement in leather and allied industries.

UNIT V IMPLEMENTATION OF REENGINEERING IN LEATHER SECTOR 8

Process analysis techniques – Work flow analysis – Value analysis approach – Nominal group
technique – Fish bone diagram – Pareto analysis – team building – Force fields analysis –
Implementation in leather and allied industries.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Understand the concept of value engineering

CO-2 Application of Job plan in Leather industries
CO-3 Knowledge of worksheets and guidelines for leather and allied industries
CO-4 Have knowledge in reengineering in leather sector
CO-5 Apply the learned concepts in a case study/project.

155
TEXT BOOKS
1. S.S.Iyer, “Value Engineering”, New Age Information, 1996.
2. Del L. Younker, “Value Engineering” Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2003
3. M.S.Jayaraman and Ganesh Natarajan, “Business Process Reengineering”, Tata McGraw Hill,
1994.

REFERENCE
1. Dr.Johnson, A.Edosomwan, “Organizational Transformation and Process reengineering”,
British Library Cataloguing in publication data, 1996.

156
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

concept of value - 3 -
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
engineering
CO-2 Application of Job
plan in Leather - 3 -
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
industries
CO-3 Knowledge of
worksheets and
1 3 2
guidelines for - - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
leather and allied
industries
CO-4 Have knowledge
2 3 3
in reengineering - - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
in leather sector
CO-5 Apply the learned
concepts in a 2 3 3
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
case
study/project.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

157
LT7004 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS FOR LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS LTPC
30 0 3
AIM
To make students capable of using Computer and related technologies for an effective
management of leather and leather products industry

OBJECTIVES
To expose the students to the Information Technology, application aspects of DBMS, Data
communication principles, Web Designing, ERP, MIS, E-Commerce and CAD applications in
leather/leather products manufacture.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION AND IT INFRASTRUCTURE 7

Concept of Data Communication, Modes of Transmission - Digital Vs Analog, Types of
Communication - Simplex, Half Duplex, Full Duplex; Communication Protocols - FTP, HTTP,
TCP/IP, WAP; Network topologies; Network Types (LAN, WAN and MAN); Need of IT Infrastructure; Form
factor; Data Center & Disaster Recovery; Security & Threads;

UNIT II ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LEATHER SECTOR 8

Introduction to System Development; System development life cycle- System Study; System
Analysis; System Design (Input, output, files, procedure); Deployment (Implementation) and
maintenance.

UNIT III DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN LEATHER

SECTOR 7
Fundamental Concepts of Database Technology & Data Organization; Database Model Concepts; Data
Security; Data Integration; Retrieving, Manipulating, Updating tables; Databases relevant to Leather Sector.

UNIT IV CONCEPTS FOR WEB BASED APPLICATIONS 12

Tools for Web Designing, Management Information System, ERP System for Leather Processing –
Material Management and Inventory Control, Production Planning.

UNIT V E-COMMERCE AND CAD SYSTEMS 11

E-Commerce-Definition; Traditional Commerce V/s E-Commerce; Benefits of e-commerce; Various
e-commerce models-B2B, B2C; Introduction to special input/output systems required for CAD.
CAD Systems for Leather & Leather Products: Computerized techniques for pattern creation,
grading, pattern nesting, consumption calculation costing. Pattern conversion techniques for
leather products, standard DXF, AMMA DXF; Computerised color matching systems – its principle
and application.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

OUTCOMES

CO-1 Have knowledge on information technology and its infrastructure

CO-2 To understand the role of information technology in leather sector
CO-3 To comprehend the application aspects of DBMS, Data communication
principles, Web Designing, ERP, MIS, E-Commerce
CO-4 To apprehend the concepts of web-based applications
CO-5 Have knowledge on CAD applications in leather/leather products manufacture.

158
TEXT BOOK
1. Alex Leon & Mathews Leon, “Fundamentals of Information Technology”, Leon Techworld, 1999.

REFERENCES
1. Efraim Turban, R. Kelly Rainer and Richard E. Potter, “Introduction to Information Technology”, John
Wiley & Sons; 3rd Edition edition (24 May 2004)
2. Dorian Cougias, E. L. Heiberger, Karsten Koop, The Backup Book: Disaster Recovery from Desktop to
Data Center.
3. Date C. J., “An Introduction to Database Systems”, 7th Ed., Narosa Publishing, 2004
4. Kendall & Kendall, Systems Analysis and Design (Prentice Hall India)
5. Achyut S. Gobbole, Data Communication and Networks (Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company)
6. Understanding SQL (BPB Publications)
7. Hands-on HTML(BPB Publications)
8. Ann Navarro, Effective Web Designing (BPB Publications)
9. E-commerce Developer’s Guide to Building Community & using Promotional Tools (BPB
Publications)
10. Reference Manuals for CAD systems for Footwear and Garments.

159
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Have knowledge on

information 2 1 1 - 3 1 - 1 1 1 - 2 1 3 2
technology and its
infrastructure
CO-2 To understand the
role of information 2 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 0 3 1
technology in leather
sector
CO-3 To comprehend the
application aspects
of DBMS, Data
communication 2 3 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 1
principles, Web
Designing, ERP,
MIS, E-Commerce
CO-4 To apprehend the
concepts of web 2 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 3
based applications
CO-5 Have knowledge on
CAD applications in
leather/leather
2 2 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3
products
manufacture.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

160
LT7003 CAD/CAM FOR LEATHER PRODUCTS DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE LT PC
3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart knowledge on CAD/CAM for leather products design and manufacture.

OBJECTIVES
 To focus on the computer applications in leather products sector, hardware in cad, pattern
engineering, last and sole modelling for footwear and advanced computational techniques
in cad, rapid prototyping.

UNIT I COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN LEATHER AND PRODUCT SECTOR 12

Introduction to computer: Concepts of CAD/CAM. Capabilities and operation of graphical
workstations, graphic terminals, input/output devices, interface and storage devices, net-working
concepts of LAN and WAN, principles of digital and analog conversion.

UNIT II HARDWARE IN CAD 12

Introduction to special input/output systems required for CAD.
Digitization: 2D & 3D systems, input devices: Digitizer, pattern scanner
Output devices: Printer, Plotter, Spreader and cutters. Different types, working principles and
applications.
Introduction to CAD software: Garment, Leather goods footwear.

UNIT III PATTERN ENGINEERING 8

Computerized techniques for pattern creation, grading, pattern nesting, consumption calculations
and costing, pattern conversion techniques for Leather products, standard DXF, AMMA DXF.

UNIT IV LAST AND SOLE MODELLING FOR FOOTWEAR 7

Digitization with Microscribe; manipulation and optimization of digitized last; use of macros; last
comparison; grading wizard; flattening; 3D visualization of last and styles; concept of e-last;
introduction to sole and sole mould design.

UNIT V ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES IN CAD, RAPID PROTOTYPING

6
Principles and practice; simulation – concepts and applications.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO Statement
CO-1 Understanding the concepts of computer applications in leather products sector.
CO-2 Have knowledge in various Hardwares sued in CAD.
CO-3 To have comprehensive knowledge in Pattern engineering techniques for leather and leather
products
CO-4 Ability to designing last and sole modelling for footwear using CAD.
CO-5 Have knowledge in advanced computational techniques in CAD, rapid prototyping

161
REFERENCES
1. MP Groover and EW Zinimers, “CAD/CAM, Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing”,
Prentice Hall of India, 1984.
2. Newman & S P Sul.,” Introduction to Computer Graphics”, Published by Morgan
Kaufmann,1995
3. S.Harrington, “Computer Graphics : A programming approach”, Edition 2, Published by
Elsevier, 1997.
4. Zandi, “Computer Aided Design and drafting”, Published by Delmer,1985.
5. William Pratt., “Digital Image Processing”, 1978.
5. Desai and Abel, “Introduction to FEM”. “Step by Step guide to CAD for footwear”: CAD Centre,
SDDC, CLRI.
6. Rapid prototyping ; AU – FRG publications, 1984.
7. Jorg Buchner, Simulation: “QUEST” manual: EDS Technologies, Published by
Springer, 2003.

162
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understanding the 3 - 3 - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - 3

concepts of
computer
applications in
leather products
sector.
CO-2 Have knowledge in 3 - 3 - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - 3
various Hardwares
sued in CAD.
CO-3 To have 3 - 3 - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - 3
comprehensive
knowledge in
Pattern engineering
techniques for
leather and leather
products
CO-4 Ability to designing 3 - 3 - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - 3
last and sole
modelling for
footwear using
CAD.
CO-5 Have knowledge in 3 - 3 - 3 - - - - - - - 3 - 3
advanced
computational
techniques in CAD,
rapid prototyping

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

163
LT7017 POLYMER SCIENCE L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I 9
Introduction to natural and synthetic polymers; Terms and fundamental concepts; Step-growth
polymerization, Carother’s equation, Functionality, Crosslinking; PET manufacturing; Chain growth
polymerization, Free radical polymerization, Kinetics of free-radical initiation, termination, chain
transfer, Mayo’s equation, cage effect, autoacceleration, inhibition and retardation;

UNIT II 9
Polypropylene manufacturing; Acrylic manufacturing; Atom transfer radical polymerization, ionic
polymerization, ring opening polymerization; Nylon-6 manufacturing; Co-polymerization and its
importance. Copolymer equation, reactivity ratio, tailor making of copolymer properties;
Techniques of chain polymerization; Bulk, solution, emulsion, microemulsion and suspension
polymerization; chemical modification of fibres; Polymer solution, Flory's theory; Interaction
parameter.

UNIT III 9
Molecular weight and its distribution by: End group analysis, osmometry, light scattering, ultra
centrifugation,gel permeation chromatography, intrinsic viscosity; Spectroscopic methods of
polymer characterization such as, FTIR. UV, NMR and others.

UNIT IV 9
Compounding of polymers - fillers, plasticizers, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, colouring agents and
flame retardants. Polymer processing - compression, moulding, injection, extrusion, calendering
and film casting; Preparation and properties of polyesters, polyamides, epoxy and silicone
polymers; Conductive polymers, super absorbent polymers.

UNIT V 9
Recycling, remoulding, depolymerisation, incineration, biodegradable polymers.

TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES

CO-1 Knowledge of natural polymers and synthetic polymers

CO-2 Have knowledge on polymer synthesis
CO-3 Understanding characterization methods for polymers
CO-4 Understand the application of polymers in leather.
CO-5 Have knowledge in polymer recycling.

164
REFERENCES
1. Joel R., “Fried Polymer Science and Technology”, Journal of Chemical Association, ACS
Publications, 2004
2. Fred W Billmeyer, “Textbook Of Polymer Science”, John Wiley & Sons, 1984-03
3. Hearle, J.W.S, “Polymers and their Properties”, E. Horwood, New York, 1982
4. Lenz RW , “Organic Chemistry of Synthetic High Polymers”, Interscience Publishers, New York,
1967
5. Anil Kumar; Rakesh K Gupta, “Fundamentals of Polymers”, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998
6. Stephen Z. D. Cheng and Bernhard Wunderlich, “Polymer Science”, Polymer Physics Ed., 1986
7. Mishra G. S., “Introductory Polymer Chemistry”, John Wiley & Sons, Dhanpat Rai & Co. Pvt.
Ltd., 2003
8. Gowariker V.R., Viswanathan N. V., and Jayadev Sreedhar, “Polymer Science”, New Age
International (P) Limited publishers, Bangalore, 2001
9. William D. Callister, Jr, “Materials Science and Engineering – An Introduction”, Sixth Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004.

165
Course Articulation Matrix:

CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Knowledge of natural 3 1 1 - - 1 1 - - 1 - 1 3 1 1

polymers and synthetic
polymers
CO-2 Have knowledge on 3 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 3 1 1
polymer synthesis
CO-3 Understanding
3 - - 1 1 1 - - 1 1 - 1 3 2 1
characterization
methods for polymers
CO-4 Understand the
3 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 - 1 3 3 1
application of polymers
in leather.
CO-5 Have knowledge in 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 - 1 3 3 1
polymer recycling.

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

166
GE7074 HUMAN RIGHTS LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES :
 To sensitize the Engineering students to various aspects of Human Rights.

UNIT I 9
Human Rights – Meaning, origin and Development. Notion and classification of Rights – Natural,
Moral and Legal Rights. Civil and Political Rights, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; collective
/ Solidarity Rights.

UNIT II 9
Evolution of the concept of Human Rights Magana carta – Geneva convention of 1864. Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, 1948. Theories of Human Rights.

UNIT III 9
Theories and perspectives of UN Laws – UN Agencies to monitor and compliance.

UNIT IV 9
Human Rights in India – Constitutional Provisions / Guarantees.

UNIT V 9
Human Rights of Disadvantaged People – Women, Children, Displaced persons and
Disabled persons, including Aged and HIV Infected People. Implementation of Human
Rights – National and State Human Rights Commission – Judiciary – Role of NGO’s,
Media, Educational Institutions, Social Movements.
TOTAL : 45 PERIODS
OUTCOME :
Engineering students will acquire the basic knowledge of human rights.

CO-1 Acquire the basic knowledge of human rights and classification

CO-2 Understand the Evolution of the concept of Human Rights Magana carta – Geneva
convention of 1864, Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 and Theories of Human Rights
CO-3 Understand the Theories and perspectives of UN Laws – UN Agencies to monitor and
compliance
CO-4 To gain knowledge about the Human Rights in India – Constitutional Provisions /
Guarantees
CO-5 Learn and understand the Human Rights of Disadvantaged People

REFERENCES:
1. Kapoor S.K., “Human Rights under International law and Indian Laws”, Central Law Agency,
Allahabad, 2014.
2. Chandra U., “Human Rights”, Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad, 2014.
3. Upendra Baxi, The Future of Human Rights, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

167
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Acquire the basic

knowledge of human 2 3 3
- - 3 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
rights and classification

CO-2 Understand the Evolution

of the concept of Human
Rights Magana carta –
Geneva convention of
- 1 3
1864, Universal - - 1 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3

Declaration of Human
Rights, 1948 and
Theories of Human Rights
CO-3 Understand the Theories
and perspectives of UN
1 2 3
Laws – UN Agencies to - - 1 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
monitor and compliance

CO-4 To gain knowledge about

the Human Rights in India
1 2 3
– Constitutional - - 3 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
Provisions / Guarantees

CO-5 Learn and understand the

Human Rights of 1 2 3
- - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
Disadvantaged People

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

168
GE7071 DISASTER MANAGEMENT LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES:
 To provide students an exposure to disasters, their significance and types.
 To ensure that students begin to understand the relationship between vulnerability,
disasters, disaster prevention and risk reduction
 To gain a preliminary understanding of approaches of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
 To enhance awareness of institutional processes in the country and
 To develop rudimentary ability to respond to their surroundings with potential
disaster response in areas where they live, with due sensitivity

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DISASTERS 9

Definition: Disaster, Hazard, Vulnerability, Resilience, Risks – Disasters: Types of disasters –
Earthquake, Landslide, Flood, Drought, Fire etc - Classification, Causes, Impacts including social,
economic, political, environmental, health, psychosocial, etc.- Differential impacts- in terms of
caste, class, gender, age, location, disability - Global trends in disasters: urban disasters,
pandemics, complex emergencies, Climate change- Dos and Don’ts during various types of
Disasters.

UNIT II APPROACHES TO DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR) 9

Disaster cycle - Phases, Culture of safety, prevention, mitigation and preparedness community
based DRR, Structural- nonstructural measures, Roles and responsibilities of- community,
Panchayati Raj Institutions/Urban Local Bodies (PRIs/ULBs), States, Centre, and other stake-
holders- Institutional Processess and Framework at State and Central Level- State Disaster
Management Authority(SDMA) – Early Warning System – Advisories from Appropriate Agencies.

UNIT III INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISASTERS AND DEVELOPMENT 9

Factors affecting Vulnerabilities, differential impacts, impact of Development projects such as
dams, embankments, changes in Land-use etc.- Climate Change Adaptation- IPCC Scenario and
Scenarios in the context of India - Relevance of indigenous knowledge, appropriate technology
and local resources.

UNIT IV DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN INDIA 9

Hazard and Vulnerability profile of India, Components of Disaster Relief: Water, Food, Sanitation,
Shelter, Health, Waste Management, Institutional arrangements (Mitigation, Response and
Preparedness, Disaster Management Act and Policy - Other related policies, plans, programmes
and legislation – Role of GIS and Information Technology Components in Preparedness, Risk
Assessment, Response and Recovery Phases of Disaster – Disaster Damage Assessment.

UNIT V DISASTER MANAGEMENT: APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES AND FIELD

WORKS 9
Landslide Hazard Zonation: Case Studies, Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings and
Infrastructure: Case Studies, Drought Assessment: Case Studies, Coastal Flooding: Storm Surge
Assessment, Floods: Fluvial and Pluvial Flooding: Case Studies; Forest Fire: Case Studies, Man
Made disasters: Case Studies, Space Based Inputs for Disaster Mitigation and Management and
field works related to disaster management.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

169
OUTCOMES:
The students will be able to

CO-1 To provide students an exposure to disasters, their significance and types

CO-2 Differentiate the types of disasters, causes and their impact on environment and society
CO-3 To comprehend in vulnerability assessment and various methods of risk reduction
measures as well as mitigation
CO-4 Ability to draw the hazard and vulnerability profile of India, Scenarios in the Indian context
CO-5 Have knowledge on Disaster damage assessment and management

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Singhal J.P. “Disaster Management”, Laxmi Publications, 2010. ISBN-10: 9380386427
ISBN-13: 978-9380386423
2. Tushar Bhattacharya, “Disaster Science and Management”, McGraw Hill India Education
Pvt. Ltd., 2012. ISBN-10: 1259007367, ISBN-13: 978-1259007361]
3. Gupta Anil K, Sreeja S. Nair. Environmental Knowledge for Disaster Risk Management,
NIDM, New Delhi, 2011
4. Kapur Anu Vulnerable India: A Geographical Study of Disasters, IIAS and Sage Publishers,
New Delhi, 2010.

REFERENCES
1. Govt. of India: Disaster Management Act , Government of India, New Delhi, 2005
2. Government of India, National Disaster Management Policy,2009.

170
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 To provide students an

exposure to disasters, their 2 3 3
- - 3 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
significance and types.

CO-2 Differentiate the types of

disasters, causes and their - 1 3
- - 1 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
impact on environment and
society
CO-3 To comprehend in
vulnerability assessment
and various methods of 1 2 3
- - 1 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
risk reduction measures as
well as mitigation

CO-4 Ability to draw the hazard

and vulnerability profile of
1 2 3
India, Scenarios in the - - 3 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
Indian context

CO-5 Have knowledge on

Disaster damage
1 2 3
assessment and - - 2 3 3 3 - 3 - - - 3
management

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

171
GE7072 FOUNDATION SKILLS IN INTEGRATED PRODUCT L T P C
DEVELOPMENT 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To understand the global trends and development methodologies of various types of
products and services
 To conceptualize, prototype and develop product management plan for a new product
based on the type of the new product and development methodology integrating the
hardware, software, controls, electronics and mechanical systems
 To understand requirement engineering and know how to collect, analyze and arrive
at requirements for new product development and convert them in to design
specification
 To understand system modeling for system, sub-system and their interfaces and
arrive at the optimum system specification and characteristics
 To develop documentation, test specifications and coordinate with various teams to
validate and sustain up to the EoL (End of Life) support activities for engineering
customer
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 9
Global Trends Analysis and Product decision - Social Trends - Technical Trends-
Economical Trends - Environmental Trends - Political/Policy Trends - Introduction to
Product Development Methodologies and Management - Overview of Products and
Services - Types of Product Development - Overview of Product Development methodologies
- Product Life Cycle – Product Development Planning and Management.

UNIT II REQUIREMENTS AND SYSTEM DESIGN 9

Requirement Engineering - Types of Requirements - Requirement Engineering -
traceability Matrix and Analysis - Requirement Management - System Design & Modeling -
Introduction to System Modeling - System Optimization - System Specification - Sub-System
Design - Interface Design.
UNIT III DESIGN AND TESTING 9
Conceptualization - Industrial Design and User Interface Design - Introduction to Concept
generation Techniques – Challenges in Integration of Engineering Disciplines - Concept
Screening & Evaluation - Detailed Design - Component Design and Verification –
Mechanical, Electronics and Software Subsystems - High Level Design/Low Level Design
of S/W Program - Types of Prototypes, S/W Testing- Hardware Schematic, Component
design, Layout and Hardware Testing – Prototyping - Introduction to Rapid Prototyping and
Rapid Manufacturing - System Integration, Testing, Certification and Documentation

UNIT IV SUSTENANCE ENGINEERING AND END-OF-LIFE (EOL) SUPPORT 9

Introduction to Product verification processes and stages - Introduction to Product Validation
processes and stages - Product Testing Standards and Certification - Product Documentation
- Sustenance -Maintenance and Repair – Enhancements - Product EoL - Obsolescence
Management – Configuration Management - EoL Disposal

UNIT V BUSINESS DYNAMICS – ENGINEERING SERVICES INDUSTRY 9

The Industry - Engineering Services Industry - Product Development in Industry versus
Academia –The IPD Essentials - Introduction to Vertical Specific Product Development
processes -Manufacturing/Purchase and Assembly of Systems - Integration of Mechanical,
Embedded and Software Systems – Product Development Trade-offs - Intellectual Property
Rights and Confidentiality – Security and Configuration Management.

TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

172
OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to:

CO-1 Understand the Fundamentals of product development methodologies and

Management
CO-2 Acquire knowledge in Requirement Engineering, System Design & Modeling
CO-3 Detailed Design and Testing study
CO-4 Understand Sustenance Engineering And End-Of-Life (Eol) Support
CO-5 Gain knowledge of the Innovation & Product Development process in the Business
Context

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Book specially prepared by NASSCOM as per the MoU.
2. Karl T Ulrich and Stephen D Eppinger, "Product Design and Development", Tata McGraw
Hill, Fifth Edition, 2011.
3. John W Newstorm and Keith Davis, "Organizational Behavior", Tata McGraw Hill,
Eleventh Edition, 2005.

REFERENCES:
1. Hiriyappa B, “Corporate Strategy – Managing the Business”, Author House, 2013.
2. Peter F Drucker, “People and Performance”, Butterworth – Heinemann [Elsevier], Oxford,
2004.
3. Vinod Kumar Garg and Venkita Krishnan N K, “Enterprise Resource Planning – Concepts”,
Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003.
4. Mark S Sanders and Ernest J McCormick, "Human Factors in Engineering and Design",
McGraw Hill Education, Seventh Edition, 2013

173
Course Articulation Matrix:
CO Statement PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO-1 Understand the

Fundamentals of
product - 3 -
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
development
methodologies and
Management
CO-2 Acquire knowledge
in Requirement
- 3 -
Engineering, - - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
System Design &
Modeling
CO-3 Detailed Design
1 3 2
and Testing study - - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -

CO-4 Underatand
Sustenance
Engineering And 2 3 3
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
End-Of-Life (Eol)
Support

CO-5 Gain knowledge of

the Innovation &
Product
Development 2 3 3
- - 3 3 3 3 - - - - - -
process in the
Business

Context

1, 2 and 3 are correlation levels with weightings as Slight (Low), Moderate (Medium) and Substantial (High) respectively

174