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M. Leppe Conexion Sudamerica-Antartica

The document discusses the history of the connection between South America and Antarctica through fossils of dinosaurs and Nothofagus trees. It details fossil evidence of Nothofagus dating back to the Cretaceous period over 90 million years ago found in both South America and Antarctica. The document examines the botanical characteristics and fossil record of Nothofagus and how this provides insights into the ancient connections between the continents when they were part of Gondwana.

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28 views53 pages

M. Leppe Conexion Sudamerica-Antartica

The document discusses the history of the connection between South America and Antarctica through fossils of dinosaurs and Nothofagus trees. It details fossil evidence of Nothofagus dating back to the Cretaceous period over 90 million years ago found in both South America and Antarctica. The document examines the botanical characteristics and fossil record of Nothofagus and how this provides insights into the ancient connections between the continents when they were part of Gondwana.

Uploaded by

marcia.sagredosalvo
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Entre dinosaurios y Nothofagus:

Historia de la conexión
Sudamérica-Antártica

Dr. Marcelo Leppe Cartes


Paleobiólogo
Director
Instituto Antártico Chileno
Παλαιος palaios antiguo
Οντο onto ser
Λογία logos tratado, estudio, ciencia

La Paleontología es la
ciencia que estudia e
interpreta el pasado de la
vida sobre la Tierra a
través de los fósiles.
La palabra fósil deriva del verbo
latino fodere que significa
excavar, a través del sustantivo
fossile, aquello que es excavado.

Los fósiles son toda


evidencia de seres vivos
del pasado de mas de
10.000 años.
Gondwana!!!
J. D. Hooker (1853)
Nothofagus biology singularities
The seeds have low
dispersal ability.
Germination viability
Anemochory:
is short in time.
Propagules wind
short-dispersed Seeds are intolerant
to seawater.

Current disjunct
Anemophily: Pollen
distribution and
long distance wind-
excellent fossil
dispersed.
record.
Nothofagidites Erdtman ex Potonié

Nothofagidites
ancestral Campanian - Maastrichtian
type b (N. endurus and
N. kaitangataensis)
Nothofagoxylon Gothan
Nothofagus leaves
?

Campanian - Maastrichtian
Robert Hill & Mary
Dettmann (1996)

Is Nothofagus
origin and
diversification
clear?

Cornelis Gijsbert Gerrit Jan Van Steenis (1971)


90.62±7.27 Ma

87.65±7.22 Ma
A.- In situ deposit of leaf imprints of Nothofagus, level 3 Rip Point; B.- Nothofagus
sp.1 morphotype; C.- Nothofagus sp.2 morphotype. D.- Detail of the leaf margin in
Nothofagus sp.1 morphotype; E-H.- Pollen grains of Nothofagidites from levels 3 and
4. bar= 1 cm
CERRO
GUIDO Y EL
VALLE DE LAS
CHINAS

50°56'19‘’ S
72°27'8'' O
68.9±2.2 Ma

71.4±2 Ma
Gondwanatheria
Brachychiton
Heterohelix sp.
Pseudotextularia elegans (Rzehak, 1891)
PARADIGMAS
Zachos Paleotemp curve 2001
Cretaceous: greenhouse world with 1200 PPM CO2

Zachos et al. 2001. Trends, Rhythms, and Aberrations in


Global Climate 65 Ma to Present. Science 5517: 686-693.
Late Cretaceous is one of
the warmest periods of the
Mesozoic, with a global
temperatures peak during
the Late Cenomanian –
Early Turonian interval (90-
95 Ma)

Present day

Scotese, 2016 (PALEOMAP Project) Cenomanian


After Linnert et al. 2014
Origen de la selva
valdiviana?
070 Ma
Maastrichtian
Late Cretaceous

M. Reguero et al. 2013.


Late Cretaceous /
Paleogene West
Antarctica Terrestrial Biota
and Its Intercontinental
Affinities.

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