Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 287

1st International Conference on Education and Social Science Research (ICESRE 2018)

CODE OF ETHICS FOR TEACHER AS

LEGAL PILLAR
TO IMPROVE EDUCATIONAL
PROFESSIONALISM
Dr. Maryanto, M.Sc. Nor Khoiriyah, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Lecturer in Education for Pancasila and Citizenship Lecturer in Education for Pancasila and Citizenship
University of PGRI Semarang University of PGRI Semarang
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract-Education is the principle of a country its citizens. Based on this statement, education
in shaping the quality human resources. The programs in Indonesia continue to improve towards
implementation of education is the main the development of human resources towards
foundation in the process of civilizing and modern citizens. This cannot be separated from the
empowering the nation's generation to students, role of a teacher in education.
therefore the teacher has an important role in Teachers have a major influence on the
carrying out the learning process in schools that success of the education system in Indonesia ,
leads to the maturation process to become a therefore teachers have a central role in the success
whole person. Teachers are one of the of education in the direction of combating poverty,
professions in the field of education, so that in promoting peace, social justice, human rights,
carrying out their duties and functions is limited democracy, cultural diversity and cultural
by a code of ethics as a guide in carrying out awareness. In line with the notion, a teacher in
their profession. The substance of this code of carrying out his duties and functions in the success
ethics is the direction of the teacher in of education in Indonesia needs a legal, that is, in
improving and developing professionalism as an the form of a code of ethics. The Indonesian
educator. In line with the discussion, the article teacher's code of ethics is the result of the
discuss the teacher's code of ethics as a legal formulation of the Central Conference of the
pillar to improve the professionalism of Indonesian Teachers Association (PGRI). This
educators will formulate three concepts, that is, code of ethics is a single rule that must be obeyed
(1) the teachers’ code of ethics as the principle by teachers throughout Indonesia in carrying out
guideline in carrying out the learning process; their professional duties.
(2) the teachers’ code of ethics is the norm in
carrying out education; and (3) the teachers’
code of ethics as a legal basis for carrying out II. DISCUSSION
the teaching profession.
A. The Principle of Code of Ethics for Indonesia
Keywords-code of ethics, teacher, professionalism, Teacher.
educator. The code of ethics comes from two words,
namely code and ethics. In the Indonesian
dictionary code means writing, while ethics comes
I. INTRODUCTION from the word "ethos" which means character,
Educating the life of the nation is the behavior, or noble of character. Then ethics has the
responsibility of the government through education meaning of norms, principles, or rules [1]Then, the
programs. In the opening of Constitution at fourth code of ethics is defined as rules relating to
paragraph year 1945 which reads " Then than that morality or norms in written form.
to form a Government of the Republic of Indonesia Before reviewing the concept of
that protects all the people of Indonesia and all of understanding the Indonesian teacher's code of
Indonesa's bloodshed and to advance the general ethics, it is first to understand the meaning of the
welfare, educate the lives of the nation". This professional code of ethics, that is, an ethical order
means that one of the goals of the Unitary State of agreed upon by a particular community group. The
the Republic of Indonesia is to educate the lives of code of ethics is generally included in social norms,
the nation. This shows that education has the but if there is a code of ethics that has rather
highest priority in building quality and dignified normal sanctions in the category of legal norms
human resources. The progress of a country is based on decency. The Code of Ethics can also be
influenced by the quality or quality of education of interpreted as a pattern of rules, procedures, signs,

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 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 287

ethical guidelines in carrying out an activity or accordance with religious, educational, social,
work. The code of ethics is a pattern of rules or ethical and humanitarian values.
procedures to guide behavior and culture. The [4]there are six principles of code of
purpose of the code of ethics is that professionalism ethics that are inherent in a teacher's profession,
provides the best services to service users. The namely (1) main trust in the profesion, meaning
existence of a code of ethics will protect that the relationship between the teacher and
unprofessional actions. [2]describes several students must trust and respect each other, respect
characteristics from the code of ethics, as this must be done by a teacher to create a sense of
following: comfort of a student towards the teacher; (2)
a. The behavior that is done has been ingrained maintain professional relationships with students;
and integrated into a personality that (3) respects the uniqueness and diversity of
distinguishes between one individual and students; (4) work in a collaborative manner with
another. colleagues, parents, guardians, and care; (5) act
b. This behavior can be done easily without with honesty and integrity; (6) keep their
thinking again, this is as a result of the state of professional knowledge and practice up to date. Of
the act is ingrained. the six principles, it can be concluded that the
c. The action that is carried out arises from the teacher's code of ethics is intended as a teacher's
pressure of others. guide to improving the quality of education.
d. The act carried out is in real condition, not Further explained in the book "The Code of
pretending or acting. Professional Conduct for Teachers" that the
e. The act was carried out on the basis of teacher's code of ethics has three objectives,
intention solely because of God, so that the act namely (1) to guide the teacher in carrying out his
referred to was worth worship and later duties as educator and teacher and uphold the honor
received a reward in return on his side. and dignity of his profession; (2) as an education
From the definition and characteristics, the community in informing teacher understanding in
concept of professional ethics in question is the the education process; (3) as legal position and
teaching profession. In the Indonesian Teacher's guidelines in improving teacher discipline in the
Code of Ethics document section one of article 1, it learning process.
is explained that the Indonesian teacher's code of National Educating System concerning the
ethics is the norms and principles agreed and national education system states that teachers are
accepted by Indonesian teachers as guidelines for professional educators with the main task of
attitudes and behavior in carrying out professional educating, teaching, guiding, directing, training,
duties as educators, community members and assessing and evaluating students on the path of
citizens. Further explained in Article 2, the formal education. This main task will be realized
Indonesian teacher's code of ethics is an attitude effectively in achieving the level of professionalism
and behavior guideline aimed at placing teachers as reflected in competencies, skills, skills or skills that
respectable, noble and dignified professions meet certain quality standards or ethical norms.
protected by the Law. From these two explanations, Based on this, the teacher must understand and
it implies that the Indonesian teacher's code of implement the code of ethics as a corridor or
ethics is one of the legal pillars to protect the direction in carrying out his duties towards
teaching profession in carrying out its duties and professionalism. According to[5] mentions three
functions in a professional manner. [3]states that teacher competencies, including (1) Knowledge
the teacher's adherence to the code of ethics will criteria , namely the intellectual abilities possessed
encourage the teacher to behave in accordance with by a teacher which includes mastery of subject
the rules that have been agreed upon and matter, knowledge of how to teach, knowledge of
determined by the organization or profession learning and individual behavior, knowledge of
association while carrying out professional duties guidance and counseling, knowledge about society
and life as citizens and community members. This and general knowledge; (2) Performance criteria,
means that the self-actualization of a teacher in namely the ability of teachers related to various
implementing the process of education and learning skills and behaviors, which miss teaching skills,
in a professional, dignified, and ethical manner will guide, assess, use teaching aids, associate and
be realized in accordance with the goals of national communicate with students and skills in preparing
education aspired. Based on this statement, the teaching preparation or teaching planning; (3)
Indonesian Teachers' Code of Ethics serves as a set product criteria, namely the ability of the teacher
of moral principles and norms that underlie the to measure the ability and progress of students after
implementation of teacher professional duties and attending the teaching and learning process. for
services in relation to students, parents or guardians achieving these three competencies a teacher must
of students, schools and their professional partners, also pay attention to the values contained in the
professional organizations, and the government in teacher's code of ethics, namely religious values
and Pancasila; the values of pedagogic competence,

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personal competence, social competence, maintain the behavior of teachers in the process of
professional competence; identity values, human integrating values into students through the
dignity and dignity which includes the development learning process. besides from being a teacher
of physical health, emotional, intellectual, social, control tool[8] explained that the teacher's code of
and spiritual [6] . ethics can be used as a preventive tool in
minimizing the occurrence of violations of law in
the field of education. From this statement, it can
B. Kode Etik Guru Sebagai Pedoman Dasar be interpreted that the code of ethics can really be
dalam Melaksanakan PembelajaranTeachers’ used as an effort to prevent violations of law in the
Code of Ethics as The Principle of Learning field of education conducted by the teacher, so that
teachers in carrying out their profession can
maintain their quality and behavior. Enforcement
The era of globalization presents a major of the code of ethics as a teacher's guide to the
challenge to the world of education, especially with learning process in the classroom must be truly
the increasingly uncontrolled development of implemented, maintained and respected. This
technology that has a major influence on the means that if a teacher violates the code of ethics,
development of the nation's generation. In social then the sanctions that have been set must be truly
life, education has a function as a social machine imposed by the Honorary Board of Indonesian
that has responsibility in controlling the impact of Teachers' Essence. This is done as a strategy to
globalization. This is a teacher as the main factor in improve their competence. [9]suggests that teachers
taking a role to prepare students as young people in must have 10 competencies which include (1)
improving the knowledge that must be possessed mastering the material in the field of study; (2)
and noble character. However, in reality in carrying managing teaching and learning programs; (3)
out its role the teacher collides with a reality that is managing the class; (4) the use of media and
not supportive, such as public complaints about learning resources; (5) mastering educational
violence committed by teachers in the education foundations; (6) managing teaching and learning
process. With the Indonesian Child Protection interactions; (7) assessing student achievement for
Commission, it should function as a legal force to the sake of learning; (8) recognize the function of
protect children in Indonesia, but on the contrary guidance and counseling services in schools; (9)
this legal product is used as a tool to certify know and organize school administration; (10)
children's mistakes. This has an impact on the understanding the principles and interpreting the
increasingly difficult teacher in carrying out the results of educational research. [10]further stated
task to enforce discipline. that through the development of these
In education is known as the provision of competencies, teachers are expected to be able to
punishment as one of the tools in instilling the contribute significantly in improving the quality of
character of students as an effort to achieve the education. Therefore, to meet these demands the
goals of education. With the existence of the Child teacher must be able to implement the teacher code
Protection Act juridically prohibiting acts of of ethics in the learning process which is seen as
violence against students. Even though a teacher the most important thing in answering all
has an academic orientation in forming the challenges in the world of education in the global
character of students. This causes a teacher to be in era.
a dilemmatic position, namely on the other hand The code of ethics is a benchmark for a
the teacher must shape the character of students teacher in carrying out his professional duties in the
who are clashed with the existence of the Child field of education. The purpose of implementing
Protection Act, and on the other hand the teacher is the teacher's code of ethics includes (1) upholding
required to enable students to achieve their goals. the teacher's code of ethics; (2) keep and maintain
On this basis the teacher needs to have directives the welfare of its members; (3) improve the quality
that have the legal power to remain as a guide in of the teaching profession; and (4) improve the
carrying out their duties to achieve educational quality of professional organizations.
goals, that is, through the Indonesian teacher's code
of ethics.
In the learning process, teachers not only C. Teachers’ Code of Ethics Become a Norm in
transfer knowledge but also transfer the integrated Implementing Education
values of fish in learning material. [7] states that
the learning process is an interaction between
students and teachers or the process of interaction Currently education is faced with very
activities between two human elements, students as complex problems, ranging from the problems of
learning parties as well as the main object and the students, teachers, and teacher relations with
teacher as the teaching party. Based on the role of students. Republic of Indonesia Law No. 20
the code of ethics is very important to control and concerning the National Education System Chapter

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II Article 3 states that "National education D. Teacher's Code of Ethics as a Legal Principles
functions to develop the ability, and form character, for Teacher Professionals
and dignified national civilization in the framework
of educating the life of the nation, aimed at
developing the potential of students to become The implementation of effective teacher
faithful human beings, and devoted to God Who professional standards not only requires internal
Almighty, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, encouragement in the form of teacher
creative, independent and a democratic and understanding and appreciation, but also external
responsible citizen. As an effort to actualize the encouragement in the form of discipline throughout
function of education in Indonesia which leads to the teacher. [12] said that the teacher's code of
the achievement of the nation's ideals, there needs ethics is an inner bond that is capable of giving
to be norms as a rule that applies in the field of birth to teacher's behavior that is noble and
education. One form of norms in the field of commendable. This pattern of behavior is expected
education is the Code of Ethics for teachers, which to consist of three statements, namely "ing ngarso
contains rules that must be obeyed and followed by sung tulodo, ing madya mangun karsa, tut wuri
teachers in achieving their professional duties. This hardayani.”
teacher code of ethics does not only regulate The mandate of Act No. 14 of 2005 that the
teachers, but also regulates the relationship of Code of Ethics of Teachers and Education
teachers with students, parents or guardians, and Personnel Teachers Based, among others: (1)
the community. Therefore, the code of conduct is Organization of the teaching professional authority
very important in implementing the education to establish and enforce a code of conduct of
system in Indonesia. teachers; (2) the code of ethics serves to maintain
[11]states that the purpose of establishing a and enhance the honor and dignity of teachers in
code of ethics is to uphold the dignity of the carrying out their duties as professionals; (3) the
profession, protect violations from malpractice, code of ethics contains norms and ethics that bind
improve the quality of the profession, maintain the teacher behavior in the execution of professional
quality standards and status of the profession, and duties; (4) teacher professional organizations form
enforce the bond between the teaching profession's a teacher honor council; (5) membership and work
staff. The following is the function of the teacher's mechanism of the Teacher Honorary Board are
code of ethics as a driver of success in matters: regulated in the teaching profession organization;
a. Demanding students being good attitude (6) Teacher Honorary Board formed to oversee the
b. As a direction for teachers in implementation of the code of conduct of teachers
implementing education standards. and provide recommendations mop budget
c. As a bastion of teacher protection in sanctioning the code of conduct by the teacher; (7)
carrying out his duties and professional recommendation Teacher Honorary Board being
functions in the field of education. objective no discrimination and no conflict with the
d. As a tool of solidarity and unifying the articles of association of professional organizations
teaching profession. as well as laws and regulations; (8) professional
e. As a supervisory tool with compressive organization of teachers required to implement the
power and binding for educators in recommendations Teacher Honorary Board.
carrying out learning tasks. Professional Ethics for teacher education
The success of education does not only personnel based on ethics developed by the
depend on the system and management, but the role professional organization consisting of: First, a
of the teacher is very dominant as a determinant. noble profession that includes teacher morality
As one of the basic indicators the teacher must be must be maintained; superiority of behavior,
able to create the best learning atmosphere that reason, and dedication. Second, development of
supports the success of education and is able to humanitarian duties, must prioritize virtue and
develop and improve the quality of education prevent humiliation; educate the life of the nation
through government policies in the field of and build character and culture. Third, the
education. As one of the norms in the field of profession with sincerity, by prioritizing aspects of
education, the code of ethics becomes signs or the reliability of competence as a resource; develop
signs in the field of education which are made on the potential of students to become whole human
the basis of mutual agreement with the intention to beings.
be carried out or carried out by a group of teachers The establishment of the teacher's code of
in the form of rules that have been systematically ethics as a legal basis is based on evaluation results
arranged related to moral values for measure the from legal conditions that is related to teacher
actions of an educator from the way work is done protection from various regulations, as following:
in the profession in the service of a teacher related a. The right of teachers to obtain protection in
to the world of education. carrying out their professional duties in the
concept of citizenship law is a legal right that

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must be fulfilled by the state and / or the profession is formulated through synchronization
parties specified in the law. and harmonization of the evaluation results of the
b. In the framework of implementing the rights legal conditions of teacher protection.
and obligations of teachers optimally it needs
protection.
c. In order to optimally implement children's IV. REFERENCES
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