4.

Rating and Derates

Application Engineering Training - CPG

 Covered Topics

 ISO 8528 Definitions

 COP, PRP, ESP Ratings
 DCC Rating
 Engine Derates
 Alternator Derates

2 Application Engineering Training - CPG

 ISO 8528 Definitions

 Three Definitions
• Continuous Operating Power (COP)
• Prime Power (PRP)
• Emergency Standby power (ESP)

 ISO 8528 Part 1 defines these ratings

• Continuous Operating Power (COP)
• Unlimited Time Prime Power (PRP)
• Limited Time Prime Power (LTP)
• Emergency Standby power (ESP)

3 Application Engineering Training - CPG

 ISO 8528 Definitions

What effects your choice of Gen-set rating

COP – PRP – LTP – ESP

• Required Running Time (per year)

• Load applied (variable or constant)
• Ambient condition (altitude/temperature)

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 Continuous Power
Power
COP
Applicable for supplying
utility power at a constant
100% load for an unlimited
number of hours per year.
No overload capability is
available for this rating.

(8760 hr/yr., less service)

Time

t1 t1
t1 Shutdown for maintenance
1 Year

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 Unlimited Time PRP:
Unlimited Prime Power (8760 hr/yr less service)

Unlimited number of
Power hours per year in a
25 hr/yr max variable load not to
110%
500 hr/yr max exceed 70% average
100% of the PP rating
70% average in during any operating
250hr period 70%
period of 250 hours.

Not to exceed 500

hours per year at
100%.

+10% available for 1

hour in 12 hour period
Time of operation.
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7
Total operating time at
10% overload power
1 Year shall not exceed 25
hours per year.
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 Limited Time LTP:
Limited Prime Power Available for limited
number of hours in a non-
variable load application
i.e., in parallel to the utility
Shutdown for
Power t1 for up to 500 hours per
maintenance
year at power levels never
to exceed the Prime Power
rating.
500 hr/yr max
(no 10% overload)

Any operation exceeding

500 hours per year at the
Prime Power rating should
use the Continuous Power
Rating

Time

t1 t1

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 Emergency Standby Power
ESP
t1 t7 Less than 200 For supplying emergency
hours per year
Power power for the duration of
a utility power failure.
100% Cummins Rules:
80% Not to exceed 200 hrs/yr
70% at an 80% average load
factor of standby rating
(ISO 8528 says 70% -
others give less power).
And not to exceed 25
hrs/yr at standby rating.
No overload.
No utility parallel.
No negotiated outage
operations.
t3 t7 Time
t1 t2 t4 t5 t6

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 Data Centre Continuous Ratings, DCC

 Variable or constant load

 “Continuous” operation – Unlimited hours
 Additional features provided
 Available from 400kVA (QSX15) and above

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 Derate Factors
 Ambient Air Temperature
• Engine induction
• Engine & Radiator cooling capacity (LAT)
• Alternator temperature rise
• Circuit breaker de-rate

 Air Density (the altitude), affects:

• Engine induction air
• Radiator cooling capacity
• Alternator cooling capacity

 Humidity
• Only naturally aspirated engines de-rate in high
humidity

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 Derate Formula
 Engine Derate Power =
{(Gross Engine Power x %Derate) – Fan Power} x Alt
Efficiency

 Alternator Derate Power =

Alternator Rated Power x Temp Derate Factor x
Altitude Derate Factor

11 6/26/2014 Cummins Confidential

 Engine Derate calculation

 Mechanical output

 Derate graphs

 Alternator’s efficiency

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 Alternator Derate calculation
Temperature multiplying factor - K1
Ambient Temp (degC) Derate factor
45 0.97
50 0.94
55 0.91
60 0.88

Altitude multiplying factor - K2

Altitude (meters) Derate factor
1500 0.97
2000 0.94
2500 0.91
3000 0.88

Total alternator derate factor = k1 * k2

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 Ratings and Derates

QUESTIONS ?

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 Quiz
1. Could you think of other factors (non-climatic) that
can affect the output of a genset and cause a
derate?

2. A client request you a prime rating genset for a

standby application. What would you recommend?

3. Your customer wants a set model equipped with an

advantage engine for a prime application. Could
you advise your customer accordingly?

14 Application Engineering Training - CPG

Exercise
Site details
Application: 1300kW continuous
Ambient Conditions: 50degC and 1500masl.
Project details: (400V, 50hz) F temp rise
Do not consider any cooling/parasitic loads

1. What is the single smallest genset that can meet the

requirements?
2. What is the derate % factor?
3. Is it engine or alternator the limiting factor?

If you include the radiator fan and the charging alternator loads,
could the same genset meet the requirements?

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Exercise
C2750D5e

QSK78 G15: 1758 X (96.1%) = 1689 KWe

LVSI804S: 2048 X0.97 X 0.94 = 1867.3 KWe

Output : 1689 Kwe

2) No derate on engine and almost 9% on alternator

3) Limiting factor is engine

Including the fan and charging alternator loss,

(1758 – 30 – 3) X (96.1%) = 1657 KWe ( Meets Requirement)

13 Application Engineering Training - CPG