11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page 1 * ILMI STARS Education System | spreading the Light 1°" YEAR PHYSICS NOTES REDUCED SYLLABUS 2021 CHAPTER 4: WORK & ENERGY CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS + NUMERICAL QUESTIONS CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS ( 1, 2, 3, & 7) Q.1. A bucket is taken to the bottom of a well; does the bucket possess any P.E? Answer Yes, the bucket will possess negative potential energy. Explanatio! When the bucket is lowered from the ground surface; © Work is done by gravitational force © Its potential energy is decreased because it moves down The potential energy on the surface is taken to be zero, therefore inside the well, potential energy will be negative www.ilmistarsacademy.com | — www.voutube,com/ilmistarsacade | www facebook.com/iImistarsacademy Mob : 0312-5969383 | Whatsapp : 0312-5969383 | Email: [email protected]11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page 2 Q. 2 When an arrow is shot from its bow it has K.E From where does it get the K.E? Answer The arrow gets the K.E from elastic potential energy of the bow. Explanation When we stretch the rubber of the bow from its mean position, e Work is done on it which is stored in rubber in the form of elastic energy. e When arrow is released the elastic potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy. Work done = P.E Loss in P.E = Gain in K.E Q.3 Does the hydrogen filled balloon possess any energy? Explain Answer Yes hydrogen filled balloon possess potential energy Explanation When a balloon is filled with hydrogen; The gas particle will exert pressure on the walls of the balloon Work must be done by the hydrogen gas against the elastic force of the balloon walls, This work done is stored in the form of elastic potential energy. Hydrogen is the lightest gas and its density is lesser than air therefore; * Balloon moves upward © The net force acting on the balloon moves it upward against the gravity © Therefore its P.E increases Gisiniiintiad | saiaiinliciomaan | saitenkunicirceie Mob : 0312-5969383 | Whatsapp : 0312-5969383 | Email: [email protected]11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page 3 Q.6 Does the tension in the string of swinging pendulum do any work? Explain Answer No tension in the string of swinging pendulum does not perform any work. Explanation Work is done when a body covers some displacement along the direction of the force. In swinging pendulum; ® the tension in a string is acting upward e displacement is perpendicular to the force of tension in the string, e Therefore; W = FS cos90° W = FS (0) W=0 Q. 7 Aman rowing boat upstream is at rest with respect to shore, is he doing work? Answer No, he is not doing any work with respect to the shore Explanation Since the man rowing a boat upstream is at rest w.r.t shore, therefore no displacement is covered, therefore no work is done by him. Mathematically; W = FScos@ W =F(0) cos@ W=0 wuw.ilmistarsacademy.com | — www.youtube.com/iimistarsacademy | _ www.facebook.com/iimistarsacademy Mob : 0312-5969383 | Whatsapp : 0312-5969383 | Email: [email protected]11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page 4 NUMERICAL QUESTIONS (3 & 11 Numerical Problem 3 Aman pulls a trolley through a distance of 50 m by applying a force of 100 N which makes an angle of 30° with horizontal. Calculate the work done by the man. Given Data Distance covered 50m Force applied = F = 100 N Angle = @ = 30° To Find Work done = W =? Solution Work done on a body is given by; W = FScos 8 Putting the values; W = (100 N)(50 m ) cos30° W=4330Nm or 4330) Numerical Problem 11 The mass of the moon is 1/80 of the mass of the earth and corresponding radius is 1/ of the earth. Calculate the escape velocity on the surface of the moon Given Data 1 Mass of moon = M,, = ao Me www.ilmistarsacademy.com | www.youtube.com/ilmistarsacademy | _wwvw.facebook,com/ilmistarsacademy. Mob : 0312-5969383 | Whatsapp :0312-5969383 | Email: [email protected]11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page S : 4 Radius of moon = R,, qRe To Find Escape velocity on the surface of moon = Ves =? Solution Escape velocity is given as; 2GMm Vv, Se esc Rm By putting the values; esc = Vesc = Vesc = 7 _ [8GMe esc 4/80 xRe GMe Yess = 76 xRe vowwsilmistarsacademy.com | — ynvw.voutube.com/iimistarsacade ‘Mob :0312-5969383 | Whatsapp :0312-5969383 nw. facebook.com/ilmistarsacademy Email: [email protected]11” Physics | Chapter 4: Work and Energy | Federal Board | KPK Board | Page 6 1 GM, Vesc = x By putting Re = 64x 10°m, Mp = 6 X 10% kg al and G = 6.67 x 10-™! Nm2kg-* 1 m (6.67x10711)x(6 1024) », ae ee Oe esc ¥10 6.4 x 10° q 1 x 40.02 x1013 a a 6.4 X 10° x V6.25 x 107 Vesc X 7.90 x 10? ms“ 1 v, r- esc Yio Vese = 0.316 x 7.90 X10? ms} www.ilmistarsacademy.com | www.youtube.com/ilmistarsacademy | _wnvw.facebook,com/ilmistarsacademy Mob : 0312-5969383 | Whatsapp : 0312-5969383 | Email: [email protected]