GEEKSFORGEEKS

C# Decision Making (if, if-else, if-

else-if ladder, nested if, switch,
nested switch)
Decision Making in programming is similar to
decision making in real life. In programming too,
a certain block of code needs to be executed
when some condition is fulfilled.
A programming language uses control
statements to control the flow of execution of
program based on certain conditions. These are
used to cause the flow of execution to advance
and branch based on changes to the state of a
program.
The conditional statements of C#:

if
if-else
if-else-if
Nested if
Switch
Nested switch

IF Statement
The if statement checks the given condition. If
the condition evaluates to be true then the block
of code/statements will execute otherwise not.
Syntax:

if(condition)

//code to be executed

Note: If the curly brackets { } are not used with if

statements then the statement just next to it is
only considered associated with the if
statement.
Example:

if (condition)

statement 1;

statement 2;

In this example, only statement 1 is considered

to be associated with the if statement.
Flowchart:

Example:

Csharp

// C# program to illustrate if state

using System;

public class GFG {

public static void Main(string[]

{
string name = "Geek";
if (name == "Geek") {
Console.WriteLine("Geeks
}
}
}

Output:

GeeksForGeeks

IF – else Statement
The if statement evaluates the code if the
condition is true but what if the condition is not
true, here comes the else statement. It tells the
code what to do when the if condition is false.
Syntax:

if(condition)

// code if condition is true

else

// code if condition is false

Flowchart:

Example:

Csharp

// C# program to illustrate
// if-else statement
using System;

public class GFG {

public static void Main(string[]

{
string name = "Geek";
if (name == "Geeks") {
Console.WriteLine("Geeks
}
else {
Console.WriteLine("Geeks
}
}
}

Output:

Geeks

If – else – if ladder Statement

The if-else-if ladder statement executes one
condition from multiple statements. The
execution starts from top and checked for each
if condition. The statement of if block will be
executed which evaluates to be true. If none of
the if condition evaluates to be true then the last
else block is evaluated.
Syntax:

if(condition1)

// code to be executed if conditio

else if(condition2)

// code to be executed if conditio

else if(condition3)

// code to be executed if conditio

...

else

// code to be executed if all the

Flowchart:

Example:

Csharp

// C# program to illustrate
// if-else-if ladder
using System;

class GFG {

public static void Main(String[]

{
int i = 20;

if (i == 10)
Console.WriteLine("i is
else if (i == 15)
Console.WriteLine("i is
else if (i == 20)
Console.WriteLine("i is
else
Console.WriteLine("i is
}
}

Output:

i is 20

Nested – If Statement
if statement inside an if statement is known
as nested if. if statement in this case is the
target of another if or else statement. When
more than one condition needs to be true and
one of the condition is the sub-condition of
parent condition, nested if can be used.
Syntax:

if (condition1)

// code to be executed

// if condition2 is true

if (condition2)

// code to be executed

// if condition2 is true

Flowchart:

Example:

csharp

// C# program to illustrate
// nested-if statement
using System;

class GFG {

public static void Main(String[]

{
int i = 10;

if (i == 10) {

// Nested - if statement
// Will only be executed
// above it is true
if (i < 12)
Console.WriteLine("i
else
Console.WriteLine("i
}
}
}

Output:

i is smaller than 12 too

Switch Statement
Switch statement is an alternative to long if-
else-if ladders. The expression is checked for
different cases and the one match is executed.
break statement is used to move out of the
switch. If the break is not used, the control will
flow to all cases below it until break is found or
switch comes to an end. There is default case
(optional) at the end of switch, if none of the
case matches then default case is executed.
Syntax:

switch (expression)

case value1: // statement sequence

break;

case value2: // statement sequence

break;

case valueN: // statement sequence

break;

default: // default statement sequence

Flow Diagram of Switch – case :

Example:

Csharp

// C# example for switch case

using System;

public class GFG

{
public static void Main(String[]
{
int number = 30;
switch(number)
{
case 10: Console.WriteLine("
break;
case 20: Console.WriteLine("
break;
case 30: Console.WriteLine("
break;
default: Console.WriteLine("
break;
}
}
}

Output:

case 30

Nested switch
Nested Switch case are allowed in C# . In this
case, switch is present inside other switch case.
Inner switch is present in one of the cases in
parent switch.
Example:

Csharp

// C# example for nested switch case

using System;

public class GFG

{
public static void Main(String[]
{
int j = 5;

switch (j)
{
case 5: Console.WriteLin
switch (j - 1)
{
case 4: Console.
switch (
{
case 3:

}
break;
}
break;
case 10: Console.WriteLi
break;
case 15: Console.WriteLi
break;
default: Console.WriteLi
break;
}

}
}

Output:

Article Tags : C# CSharp-Basics

CSharp-ControlFlow

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