KVS ZIET BHUBANESWAR

CBTI XII PHY CH-4 MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

Q. NO QUESTION
MCQ s 1 MARK EACH
1. Two similar coils of radius R are lying concentrically with their planes at right angles to each other.
The current flowing in them are I and 2I,respectively.The resultant magnetic field induction at the
centre will be

a) √5µ0I/2R b) 3µ0I/2R c) µ0I/2R d) µ0I/R

2. In an ammeter 4% of the mains current is passing through galvanometer. If the galvanometer is shunted
with a 5 Ω resistance, then resistance of galvanometer will be

(a) 116 Ω (b) 117 Ω (c) 118 Ω (d) 120Ω

3. A rectangular coil of length 0.12 m and width 0.1 m having 50 turns of wire is suspended vertically in
a uniform magnetic field of strength 0.2 Weber/m2. The coil carries a current of 2 A. If the plane of the
coil is inclined at an angle of 30° with the direction of the field, the torque required to keep the coil in
stable equilibrium will be

(a) 0.24 Nm (b) 0.12 Nm (c) 0.15 Nm (d) 0.20 Nm

4. A circular current loop of magnetic moment M is in an arbitrary orientation in an external magnetic
field B. The work done to rotate the loop by 30° about an axis perpendicular to its plane is

(a) MB (b) MB 3 2 (c) MB 2 (d) zero

5. A electric current i is flowing in a straight conductor of length L. The magnetic induction at the point
in its axis at a distance L/4 from its centre will be

a)zero b)µ0i/√2∏L c)µ0i/√2L d)4µ0i/√5∏L

6. An electric current is flowing through a circular coil of radius R. The ratio of the magnetic field at the
centre of the coil and that at distance 2√2 R from the centre of the coil on its axis is

a)2√2 b)27 c)36 d)8

7. A metal sample carrying a current along X-axis with density Jx is subjected to a magnetic field BZ
(along z axis ).The electric field EY developed along Y axis is directly proportional to JX as well as BZ.
The constant of proportionality has SI unit.

a)m2/A b)m3/As c)m2/As d)As/m3

8. A horizontal overhead powerline is at height of 4m from the ground and carries a current of 100 A from east
to west. The magnetic field directly below it on the ground is (/μ0=4π×10 -7TmA−1)
a)2.5ꓫ10-7T southward
b)5ꓫ10-6 T northward
c)5ꓫ10-6 T southward
d)2.5ꓫ10-7 T northward

9.
A charged particle of mass m and charge q travels on a circular path of radius r that is perpendicular
to a magnetic field B. Time taken by the particle to complete one revolution is

a)2∏mq/B b)2∏q2B/m
c)2∏qB/m d)2∏m/qB
10.
 The magnetic field due to a current carrying circular loop of radius 3cm at a point on the axis at a
distance of 4cm from the centre is 54µT. What will be its value at the centre of the loop.

a)250 µT b)150 µT c)125 µT d)75 µT

11. A vertical straight conductor carries a current vertically upwards. A point P lies to the east of it at a
small distance and another point Q lies to the west at the same distance. The magnetic field at P is

(a) Greater than at Q

(b) Same as at Q
(c) Less than at Q
(d) Greater or less that at Q, depending upon the strength of current.
12.
Two concentric and coplanar circular loops P and Q have their radii in the ratio 2:3. Loop Q carries a
current 9A in the anticlockwise direction. For the magnetic field to be Zero at the common centre, loop
P must carry

(a) 3 A in clockwise direction

(b) 9 A in clockwise direction
(c) 6 A in anticlockwise direction
(d) 6 A in the clockwise direction
13. In the given figure, the wire is carrying current I and the loop carrying current in the clockwise
direction. The loop is fixed but the straight wire can move. The straight wire will

(a) Remain stationary

(b) Move towards the loop
(c) Move away from the loop
(d) Rotate about the axis

14. A wire PQR is bent as shown in the figure and is placed in a region of uniform magnetic field B. The
length of PQ =QR =L. a current I ampere flows through the wire as shown. The magnitude of the force
on PQ and QR will be

(a) BIL, 0 (b) 2 BIL, 0

(c) 0, BIL (d) 0 ,0

15. The current sensitivity of a galvanometer increases by 20 %. If its resistance also increases by 25%,
the voltage sensitivity will

(a) Decrease by 1 % (b) increase by 5 %

(c) increase by 10 % (d) decrease by 4%
16. A long straight wire of circular cross section of radius a carries a steady current I. The current is
uniformly distributed across its cross section. The ratio of magnitudes of magnetic field at a point
distant a/2 from the surface of wire to that at a point distant a/2 from theaxis of the wire is

(a) 4:1 (b) 1:1 (c) 4:3 (d) 3:4

17. A beam of protons is moving horizontally towards you. As it approaches you, it passes through a
magnetic field which is directed upwards. As you see it, the magnetic field will deflect the beam to the
 (a) Right (b) left (c) top (d) bottom

18. A current loop placed in a non-uniform magnetic field experiences

(a) a force of repulsion (b) a force of attraction

(c) a torque but not force (d) a force and a torque

19. The force on charge due to a magnetic field can act

(a) On a charge which is at rest

(b) Which is moving in the direction of the magnetic field
(c) Which is moving in the opposite direction of the magnetic field
(d) Which is moving in the perpendicular direction of the magnetic field

20. An electric current passes through a long straight wire. At a distance of 5 cm from the wire, the
magnetic field is B. The magnetic field at 20 cm from the straight wire would be

(a) B/6 (b) B/4 (c) B/3 (d) B/2

21. In a certain region of space, electric field E and magnetic field B are perpendicular to each other. An
electron enters perpendicularly to both the fields and moves undeflected. The velocity of electron is

(a) E/B (b) B/E (c) E.B (d) E×B

22. Two wires of same length are shaped into a square and a circle if they carry same current, ratio of
magnetic moment is

(a) 2 : (b) : 2 (c) : 4 (d) 4 :

23. To convert a moving coil galvanometer into on ammeter of given range, we must connect:

(a) A suitable low resistance in series

(b) A suitable low resistance in parallel
(c) A suitable high resistance in parallel
(d) A suitable high resistance in series
24. Current sensitivity of a galvanometer can be increased by decreasing :

(a) Magnetic field B

(b) number of turns N
(c) torsional constant K
(d) Area A
25. A wire in the form of a circular loop, of one turn carrying a current, produces magnetic induction B
at the centre. If the same wire is looped into a coil of two turns and carries the same current, the new
value of magnetic induction at the centre is

(a) B (b) 2 B (c) 4 B (d) 8 B

26. A solenoid has 1000 turns per metre length. If a current of 5A is flowing through it, then magnetic
field inside the solenoid is

(a) 2π×10 -3 T (b) 2π×10 -5T (c) 4π×10 -3 T (d) 4π×10 -5 T

27. Two thin, long parallel wires, separated by a distance carry a current in the same direction. They will

(a) Attract each other

(b) repel each other
(c) both
 (d) none
28. The ratio of voltage sensitivity and current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer is

(a) 1/G (b) 1/G2 (c) G (d) G2

29. Torque on a current carrying rectangular coil inside a galvanometer is maximum and constant
irrespective of its orientation as it is suspended inside _________ magnetic field.

(a)parallel (b)perpendicular (c)radial (d)none

30. A linear conductor carrying current if placed parallel to the direction of magnetic field, then it
experiences ____________ force.

(a)maximum (b)zero (c)can be both (d)none

31. A current carrying loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field .The torque acting on the loop does not
depend upon
the
(i) shape of the loop (ii) area of the loop (iii) value of the current (iv) magnetic field
32. A region has a uniform magnetic field in it. A proton enters into the region with velocity making an
angle 450 with the direction of the magnetic field. In this region proton will move along a path having
the shape of a
(i) straight line (ii) circle (iii) helix (iv) spiral
33. The sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer increases with the decrease in
(i) number of turns (ii)Area of the coil (iii) magnetic field (iv) torsional rigidity
34. An electron and a proton are moving along the same direction with the same kinetic energy. They enter
a uniform
magnetic field acting perpendicular to their velocities .The dependence of radius of their paths on their
masses is:
(i) r ∝𝑚 (ii) r∝√𝑚 (iii) r∝
ଵ
௠ (iv) r∝
ଵ
√௠
35. A test charge of 1.6×10ିଵଽC is moving with a velocity 𝑉ሬ⃗ = (4𝑖⏞+3𝑘⏞) m/s in a magnetic field 𝐵ሬ⃗
= (3𝑘⏞ +4𝑖⏞) T.
The force on this test charge is:
(i) 24𝑗⏞N (ii) -24𝑗⏞N (iii) 24𝑘⏞N (iv) 0
36. If the beam of electrons and protons move parallel to each other in the same direction, then they
(i) attract each other
(ii) repel each other
(iii) no relation
(iv) neither attract nor repel
37. A charged particle after being accelerated through a potential difference ‘V’ enters in a uniform
magnetic field
and moves in a circle of radius R .If V is doubled, the radius of the circle will be
(i) 2R (ii) √2R (iii) 4R (iv)
ோ
√ଶ
38. Each of these questions contain two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of these questions also
has four
alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one of the codes (a),
(b), (c) and
(d) given below.
(a) Both Assertion and reason are correct; reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
 (b)Both Assertion and reason are correct; reason is not a correct explanation for assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but reason is in correct.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
Assertion (A): A magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent of its length
and cross
sectional area.
Reason (R): The magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform
39. Assertion (A): The resistance of an ideal voltmeter should be infinite.
Reason (R): The lower resistance of a voltmeter gives a reading lower than the actual potential
difference across
the terminals.
40. Assertion (A): Magnetic field cannot change kinetic energy of a moving charge.
Reason (R): Magnetic field cannot change velocity vector.
41. A long straight wire carries a current of 50A. What is the magnitude of the field B at a point 5cm
away from the wire?

i) 3 x 10-4 T ii) 2 x 10-4 T

iii) 1.5 x 10-4 T iv) 2.5 x 10-4T

42. The magnetic moment of an electron moving around the central nucleus is

i) directly proportional to the mass of electron

ii) inversely proportional to the charge of electron
iii) directly proportional to the angular momentum of electron
iv) inversely proportional to the angular momentum of electron
43. Force between two parallel current carrying conductors A and B of same length in the same
directions exhibit

i) Fba = - Fab ii) Fba = Fab

iii) Fba ≠ - Fab iv) Fba ≠ Fab

44. If we increase the current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer, the voltage sensitivity

i) increases ii) remain unchanged

iii) reduces iv) changes according to the length of the wire.

45. In magneto-statics, the torque experience by a coil when placed in a uniform field is

i) τ = p x E ii) τ = p x A

iii) τ = m x B iv) τ = m x A
46. According to Biot- Savarts law, the magnitude of the magnetic field is
a) directly proportional to current I b) inversely proportional to length element dl
c) inversely proportional to square of the distance

i) a) and b) ii) a) and c)

iii) b) and c) iv) a), b) & c)
47. A long straight wire in the horizontal plane carries current in the south- north direction. The direction
of current and magnetic field respectively are

i) vertically downward and vertically upward

ii) vertically upward and vertically downward
iii) both vertically upward
iv) both vertically downward.
48. A current carrying coil of radius 30 cm and having 90 turns carries a current of 2A. The magnitude of
the magnetic field at the centre of the coil is

i) 5 x 10-4 T ii) 4 x 10-4 T

iii) 3 x 10-4 T iv) 2 x 10-4T

49. A moving coil galvanometer can be converted into a voltmeter by

i) introducing a resistance of small value in series

ii) introducing a resistance of large value in parallel
iii) introducing a resistance of small value in parallel
iv) introducing a resistance of large value in series

50. The torque on a coil, when the magnetic moment if parallel to the magnetic field, is

i) maximum ii) minimum

iii) zero iv) none of the above

51. A charge of 1 C is moving in a magnetic field of 0.5 T with velocity of 30 m/s in a direction
perpendicular to applied magnetic field. Force experienced is:
(a)0.5N (b)15N (c) 10 N (d) 0N

52. A student is using a micro-ammeter which is having a resistance of 100 Ω and a full scale range of
50 m µA. The student wants to use it as a higher range ammeter or voltmeter by providing some
resistance to it. Pick the correct range and resistance combinations that the student must use
(a) 50 V range and 10 kW resistance in series
(b) 10 V range and 200 kW resistance in series
(c) 5 mA range with 1 W resistance in parallel
(d) 10 mA range with 1 W resistance in parallel.
53. In a region of uniform magnetic field. An electron enters into the region with velocity making an
angle of 45° with the direction of the magnetic field. In this region the proton will move on a path
having the shape of a
(a) straight line (b) circle
(c) spiral (d) helix

54. While performing an experiment to study the effect of magnetic field on a current carrying conductor
placed inside magnetic field. A straight conducting wire of length l and mass m is suspended in a
horizontal plane by a pair of flexible strings in a magnetic field of magnitude B. To remove the
tension in the supporting strings, the magnitude of the current in the wire is
𝑚𝑔𝐵 𝑚𝑔𝑙 𝑚𝑔 𝑙𝐵
(a) (b) (c) (d) 𝑚𝑔
𝑙 𝐵 𝑙𝐵
55. Three infinitely long parallel straight current carrying wires A,
B and C are kept at equal distance from each other as
shown in the figure. The wire C experiences net force F .The
net force on wire C, when the current in wire A is reversed will
(a) Zero
(b) F/2
(c) F
(d) 2F

56. An isosceles right angled current carrying loop PQR is placed in a uniform magnetic field B
pointing along PR. If the magnetic force acting on the arm PQ is F, then the magnetic force which
acts on the arm QR will be
(a) F
(b) F/√2
(c) √2F
(d) -F

57. In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false and R is also false.

Assertion(A): To increase the range of an ammeter, we must connect a suitable high resistance in
series to it.

Reason (R): The ammeter with increased range should have high resistance.
..
 58. Assertion : If two long wires, hanging freely are connected to a battery in series, they come closer to
each other.

Reason : Force of attraction acts between the two current carrying wire.

59. Assertion : In a shunted galvanometer only 10% current passes through the galvanometer. The
resistance of the galvanometer is G. Then resistance of the shunt is G/9.

Reason : If S is the resistance of the shunt, then voltage across S and G is same.

60. Assertion(A): Galvanometer cannot as such be used as an ammeter to measure the value of the
current in a given circuit.

Reason (R): It gives a full-scale deflection for a current of the order of micro ampere.

.
61.
VSA 2 MARKS EACH
1. Charge q is uniformly distributed on a disc of radius a.If the disc is rotated with a frequency ν/2,then
find the magnetic field induction at the centre of the disc.
2. A long straight wire AB carries a current of 10 A. A proton P travels at 5× 106 ms–1 parallel to the wire
0.4 m from it and in a direction opposite to the current as shown in the figure. Calculate the force which
the magnetic field due to the current carrying wire exerts on the proton. Also specify its direction.

B
10A 0.4m
P

A 5ꓫ106m/s
3.
A circular coil of ‘N’ turns and diameter ‘d’ carries a current ‘I’. It is unwound and rewound to make
another coil of diameter ‘2d’, current ‘I’ remaining the same. Calculate the ratio of the magnetic
moments of the new coil and the original coil.

4. 2r
I I
O
P Q

Two identical circular loops P and Q, each of radius r and carrying equal currents are kept in the parallel
planes having a common axis passing through O. The direction of current in P is clockwise and Q is
anti -clockwise as seen from O which is equidistant from the loops P and Q. Find the magnitude of net
magnetic field at O.

5. A square loop of side 20 cm carrying current of 1 A kept near an infinite long straight wire carrying a
current of 2 A in the same plane as shown in the figure.
2A
 10 cm

1A 20 cm

20 cm
6.
o

A straight wire carrying a current of 12 A is bent into a semi- circular arc of radius 2 cm as shown in
figure. What is the magnetic field B at o due to
(a) Straight segments
(b) The semi-circular arc?
7. An ammeter of resistance 0.6 Ω can measure current upto 1.0 A. Calculate
(i) The shunt resistance required to enable the ammeter to measure current upto 5.0 A
(ii) The combined resistance of the ammeter and the shunt.
8. A circular loop of one turn carries a current of 5 A.If the magnetic field at the centre is 0.20 mT, find
the radius of the loop.
9. A long solenoid consists of 20 turns per cm.What current is necessary to produce a magnetic field of 20
mT inside the solenoid?
10. A straight wire carrying a current of 10A is bent into a semi-circular arc of radius 2.0cm as shown in
fig. Find the magnetic field at the centre of the semicircle.

11. What is Lorenz force? An electron beam projected along +x –axis, experiences a force due to a magnetic
field along the +y-axis. What is the direction of the magnetic field?
12. A wire of length 2 metre carrying a current 1 ampere is bent to form a circle. What is the magnetic
moment of the coil?

13. What type of magnetic field is important in a moving coil galvanometer and why?
14. An electron of energy 15KeV moves in a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of a uniform
magnetic field of 0.5 x 10-3 T. Calculate the time period of rotation of the electron in the magnetic
field.
15. Define current sensitivity and voltage sensitivity of a galvanometer.
16. What is the value of magnetic field at point O due to current flowing in the wires as shown in figure?

17. A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle moving with equal velocities, enter a uniform magnetic
field going into the plane of the paper as shown. Trace their paths in the field and justify your
answer.
18. A long straight wire in the horizontal plane carries a current of 50 A in north to south direction. Give
the magnitude and direction of B at a point

SA 3 MARKS EACH
1. Two coaxial circular loops 𝐿1 and 𝐿2 of radii 3cm and 4cm are placed as shown. What should be the
magnitude and direction of the current in the loop 𝐿2 so that the net magnetic field at the point O be
zero?

2. (a) State the condition under which a charged particle moving with velocity v goes undeflected in a
magnetic field B.

(b) An electron, after being accelerated through a potential difference of 104 V, enter a uniform
magnetic field of 0.04 T, perpendicular to its direction of motion. Calculate the radius of curvature of
its trajectory.
3. A multirange voltmeter can be constructed by using a galvanometer circuit as shown in the figure. We
want to construct a voltmeter that can measure 2 V, 20 V and 200 V using a galvanometer of resistance
10 Ω and that produces maximum deflection for current of 1 mA. Find the value of R1, R2 and R3 that
have to be used.

4. Figure shows a long straight wire of a circular cross section (radius a) carrying steady current I. The
current I is uniformly distributed across this cross section. Calculate the magnetic field in the region r
<a and r > a.
I aa
a

Also the variation of magnetic field(B) with distance(r).

5. Two identical loops P and Q each of radius 5 cm are lying perpendicular planes such that they have a
common centre as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at
the common centre of the two coils, if they carry currents equal to 3A and 4A, respectively.

P .0

6.
A wire AB is carrying a steady current of 12 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD carrying 5
A current is held directly above AB at a height of 1 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD,
so that it remains suspended at its position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in
CD with respect to that in AB. ( take g = 10 m/s2)
7. A long straight wire carrying current of 25 A rests on a table as shown in figure. Another wire PQ of
length 1 m, mass 2.5 g carries the same current but in the opposite direction. The wire PQ is free to
slide up and down. To what height will PQ rise?

8. A wire of length l carries a current I along the X axis. A magnetic field B=B0(i+j+k) tesla exists in
space. Find the magnitude of the magnetic force on the wire.
9. Two identical circular wires P and Q each of radius R and carrying current ‘I’ are kept in perpendicular
planes such that they have a common centre as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction
of the net magnetic field at the common centre of the two coils.

10.
The maximum current that can be measured by a galvanometer of resistance 40 Ω is 10 mA. It is
converted into a voltmeter that can read upto 50 V. What is the resistance to be connected in the series
with the galvanometer ?

11. Show that no magnetic field is there at the centre of the circular coil as shown in figure.
3
 12.
Write the expression for the magnetic force 𝐹⃗ acting on a charged particle moving with velocity 𝑣⃗ in
⃗⃗. Show that the work done by the magnetic force on a moving charged
the presence of magnetic field 𝐵
particle is zero.
13.

An electron is moving at a speed of 107 m/s at a distance of 0.05 m from a straight wire which carries
a current of 5A. What is the force acting on the electron if the velocity is directed towards the wire?
14.

Two long and parallel current straight wires carrying currents 6A and 8A in the same directions are
separated by a distance of 8cm. What is the force on a 15cm section on the first wire?
15.

A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 20 Ω and the meter shows full deflection for a current of
5mA. How to convert the meter into an ammeter of range 0 to 6A?
16. A wire AB is carrying a steady current of 12 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD carrying 5
A is held directly above AB at a height of 1 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD so
that it remains suspended at its position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in
CD with respect to that in AB. [Take the value of g = 10 m/sec2

17. An electron, after being accelerated through a potential difference of 104 V, enter a uniform
magnetic field of 0.04 T, perpendicular to its direction of motion. Calculate the radius of curvature
of its trajectory.

18. Two identical circular loops, P and Q, each of radius r and carrying currents I and 2I respectively are
lying in parallel planes such that they have a common axis. The direction of current in both the
loops is clockwise as seen from O which is equidistant
from the both loops. Find the magnitude of the net
magnetic field at point O.

CASE BASED QUESTIONS 4 MARKS

1. Velocity selector is an arrangement used to select charged particles of a specific velocity from a beam
in which particles move with different speeds. It consists of a region of crossed electric and magnetic
fields. These two fields are perpendicular to each other. In the figure, the electric field is upwards.
 Magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the paper and coming outward. The positively charged
particle is deflected upwards (towards the negative plate) with a force, 𝐹𝐸 = 𝑞𝐸.
This particle is deflected downwards with a force 𝐹𝐵 = 𝑞𝑣𝐵
When these two forces are equal the particle is not deflected in any direction. 𝑞𝑣𝐵 = 𝑞𝐸
𝑣 = 𝐸 /𝐵 Hence particles with velocity ‘v’ only will be coming out through the straight path. Velocity
selector is used in accelerator mass spectroscopy to select particles of a particular velocity.
a) If the direction of the initial velocity of the charged particle is perpendicular to the magnetic field,
what will the path of the charged particle.
b) Let the magnetic field direction is reversed in the above arrangement. Magnetic field is
directed into the plane of the paper. In which direction the positive charge will deflect.
c) You are requested to select only particles with velocity 10m/s in the selector. The magnetic
field provided is 25T. What should be the surface charge density given to the parallel sheets
to produce the required electric field.

2. When a conductor carrying a current is placed in an external magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical
force. A current is an assembly of moving charges and a magnetic field exerts a force on a moving
charge. That is why a current carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic field experiences a
sideways force as the force experienced by the moving electrons is transmitted to the conductor as a
whole. A conductor of length ′𝑙 ′ carrying a current ′𝐼 ′ held in a magnetic field 𝐵⃗ at an angle 𝜃 with
it, experiences a force given by 𝐹 = 𝐼𝑙𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 In vector form,𝐹⃗ = 𝐼(𝑙 ⃗ × 𝐵⃗)
The direction of 𝐹⃗ is perpendicular to both 𝑙 ⃗&𝐵⃗and is given by Fleming’s left -hand rule. A
conducting bar with mass ′𝑚′ and length ′𝑙 ′ slides over horizontal rails that are connected to voltage
source ′𝑉 ′ .the source maintains a constant current ′𝐼 ′ in the rails and bar, and a uniform magnetic field
𝐵⃗⃗ acts in the region between the rails vertically upwards.

a) A straight wire of mass 200g and length 1.5m carries a current of 2A. It is suspended in mid -
air by a uniform horizontal magnetic field B. Find the magnitude of magnetic field induction.

b) Find the force acting on a conductor of length 5m carrying a current of 8A kept perpendicular
to the magnetic field of 1.5T

c) If the bar has mass ‘𝑚’, find the distance ‘𝑑’ that the bar must move along the rails from rest
to attain speed v.

3. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions.

BiotSavart’s law
 In Physics, Biot-Savart law illustrates the generation of magnetic field by a stable electric current. This
law is very basic to magnetostatics and plays a key role with the Coulomb’s law in electrostatics. It
can be used for calculating magnetic reactions at the atomic and molecular level. It is also used in
explain the theoretical concepts of aerodynamics for the calculation of velocity.

According to Biot-Savart’s law, the magnitude of magnetic field produced at a point is directly
proportional to current, length of the element and inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between element and the point.

(i) A current flows in a conductor from east to west. The direction of the magnetic field at a point
above the conductor is
(A) towards north (B) towards south (C) towards east (D) towards west
(ii) The magnetic field at the centre of a tightly wound coil with 100 turns is 3.14 X10-4 T. If the radius
of coil is 8cm, then the value of current through it is

(A) 0.5 A (B) 0.4 A (C) 0.6 A (D) 0.8 A

(iii) A 3 cm wire carrying a current of 10 A is placed inside a solenoid perpendicular to its axis. The
magnetic field inside the solenoid is given to be 0.27 T. The magnetic force on the wire is

(A) 8.1 x 10 -2 N (B) 1.8 x 10 -2 N (C) 8.1 x 10 - 4 N (D) 9.2 x 10 -2 N

(iv) A wire of certain length is bent to form a circular coil of smaller radius so as to have two turns,
then magnetic field produced at the centre by the same value of current is
(A) One quarter of its value in first case
(B) One half of its value in first case
(C) Two times its value in first case
(D) Four times its value in first case
4. Read the following paragraph and answers the questions
Moving coil galvanometer
Moving coil galvanometer operates on Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) mechanism and
designed by scientist D’ arsonval. Moving coil galvanometer are of two types
(i) Suspended coil
(ii) Pivoted type or tangent galvanometer
Its working is based on the fact that when a current carrying coil is placed in a magnetic field, it
experiences a torque. This torque tends to rotate the coil about its axis of suspension in such a way that
the magnetic flux passing through the coil is maximum.

(i) A moving coil galvanometer is an instrument , which

(A) is used to measure emf of a cell
(B) is used to measure potential difference
(C) is used to measure resistance
(D) is a deflection type instrument that gives a deflection when a current flows through it.

(ii) To make the field radial in a moving coil galvanometer,

(A) number turns of coil is kept small
(B) magnet is taken as a form of horse-shoe
(C) poles are of very strong magnets
(D) poles are cylindrically cut

(iii) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15Ω and gives full scale deflection for a current of 4mA.To
convert it to an ammeter of range 0 to 6 A
 (A) 10 mΩ resistance is to be connected in parallel to the galvanometer.
(B) 10 mΩ resistance is to be connected in seriesl to the galvanometer.
(C) 0.1 mΩ resistance is to be connected in parallel to the galvanometer.
(D) 0.1 mΩ resistance is to be connected in series to the galvanometer.

(iv) A voltmeter has resistance of G ohm and range of V volt. The value of resistance used in series to
convert it into a voltmeter of range nV volt is
(A)nG (B) (n-1)G (C) G/n (D) G/n-1
5. A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that is proportional to the strength
of the magnetic field, the component of the velocity that is perpendicular to the magnetic field and
the charge of the particle.
This force is given by F⃗ =q(v⃗ ×B⃗ ) where q is the electric charge of the particle, v is the
instantaneous velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field (in tesla).
The direction of force is determined by the rules of cross product of two vectors
Force is perpendicular to both velocity and magnetic field. Its direction is same as v⃗ ×B⃗ if q is
positive and opposite of v⃗ ×B⃗if q is negative
The force is always perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and the magnetic field that
created it. Because the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the motion, the magnetic field can
do no work on an isolated charge. It can only do work indirectly, via the electric field generated by a
changing magnetic field.

i) When a magnetic field is applied on a stationary electron, it

(a) remains stationary
(b) spins about its own axis
(c) moves in the direction of the field
(d) moves perpendicular to the direction of the field.
ii)An electron is moving north with a velocity of 3×10 7 m/s in a uniform
magnetic field of 10 T directed eastwards. What is the magnitude on the
electron?
a)4.8×10 -11 N b) 3.8×10 -11 N c) 4.8×10 -10 N d) 3.8×10 -10 N
iii)A positive charge enters a magnetic field and travels parallel to but
opposite the field. The charge experiences
a) an upward force
b) an upward force
c)an accelerative force
d)no force
iv)A charge Q is moving distance dl in the magnetic field B. Find the work
done by B?
a)-1 b)zero c)1 d)infinite
6. The galvanometer can be used as a voltmeter to measure the voltage across a given section of the
circuit. For this it must be connected in parallel with that section of the circuit. Further, it must draw
a very small current, otherwise the voltage measurement will disturb the original set up by an amount
which is very large. Usually we like to keep the disturbance due to the measuring device below one
per cent. To ensure this, a large resistance R is connected in series with the galvanometer.

i) There are 3 voltmeter A, B, C having the same range but their resistance are 15,000Ω,
10,000Ω and 5,000Ω respectively. The best voltmeter amongst them is the one whose resistance is
a)5000 Ω b)10,000 Ω c)15000 Ω d)all are equally good
ii)A voltmeter of range 2 V and resistance 300 Ω cannot be converted into
ammeter of range
 a)1 A b)1 mA c)100 mA d)10 Ma
iii)The scale of a galvanometer of resistance 100 Ω contains 25 divisions.It
gives a deflection of one division on passing a current of 4×10 -4 A.The
resistance in ohm to be added to it so that it becomes a voltmeter of range 2.5
V is
a)150 b)170 c)110 d)220
iv)A voltmeter of resistance 2000 Ω,0.5 V/div is to be converted into a
voltmeter to make it to read 2 V/div. The value of high resistance in ohm to be
connected in series with it is
a) 6000 Ω b) 4000 Ω c) 5000 Ω d) 1000 Ω
7.

A galvanometer is a device used to detect current in a circuit.

Principle: When a current carrying coil kept inside a magnetic field, it experiences a certain torque. A
pivoted type galvanometer consist of a rectangular coil of fine insulated copper wire wound on a light
aluminium frame. The motion of the coil is controlled by a pair of hair spring of phosphor-bronze. The
springs provide the restoring torque and serve as current leads. A light aluminium pointer attached to
the coil measuresits deflection on suitable scale. The current I in the galvanometer coil is given as
(i) Write the expression of torque acting on the galvanometer coil?
(ii) Why do we prefer phosphor bronze alloy for the suspension wire?
(iii) A galvanometer having a resistance of 8 Ω is shunted by a wire of resistance of 2 Ω. If the total
current is 1 A , then calculatethe part of current through shunt.
8. When a charge particle q moves inside a magnetic field𝐵ሬ⃗ with velocity 𝑉 ሬሬሬሬ⃗, it experience force.
The force is given as
𝐹⃗ =q (𝑉ሬ⃗×𝐵ሬ⃗). When the initial velocity is parallel to the magnetic field, F will be zero. Charge
particle continues
to move with constant velocity along the line of force.
When the initial velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field, maximum force will be experienced
by the particle.
It is given as F = qVB. The particle undergoes circular motion due to this force. When the particle
enters the magnetic
field at certain angle 𝜃 with the direction of magnetic field it moves along helical path.
(i) Write the expression for radius of circular path along which the particle moves, when it enters the
magnetic
field perpendicularly.
(ii) Write the expression for period of revolution of the charged particle that enters the magnetic
field
perpendicularly.
(iii) A galvanometer having a resistance of 8 Ω is shunted by a wire of resistance of 2 Ω. If the total
current is 1 A , then calculate the part of current through shunt.
9.
An α-particle and a proton are accelerated through the same potential difference and allowed to pass
through the same magnetic field B, directed normal to the plane of paper. If the particles have equal
velocities
i) Compare the kinetic energies of both the α-particle and the proton.
ii) Find the ratio of the radii of their trajectories in the field?

10.
Let us consider there is an infinitely long solenoid whose length is more than diameter of a turn. For
such a long solenoid, the magnetic field inside the solenoid is approximately uniform and parallel to
the axis, except near the ends. But outside the solenoid, the magnetic field looks like a dipole with
the North pole at one end of a solenoid and the South pole at the other end.
Now answer the following questions.
i) Which law is used to determine the direction of magnetic field in the solenoid?
ii)How is the magnetic field inside the solenoid depends on the number of turns?
iii) Name a material that can be used to make a solenoid?
iv) A proton is moving from left to right direction and outside the solenoid. What is the direction of
the force on the proton?

11. Case based questions:

Read the passage and answer the following questions

AURORA BOREALIS

In certain polar regions, a splendid display of colors is seen in the sky. The appearance ofdancing
green pink lights is fascinating, and equally puzzling. Consider a charged particle of mass m and
charge q, entering a region of magnetic field B with an initial velocity v. Let this velocity have a
component vp parallel to the magnetic field and a component vn normal to it. There is no force on a
charged particle in the direction of the field. Hence, the particle continues to travel with the velocity
vp parallel to the field. The normal component vn of the particle results in a Lorentz force q(vn×B)
which is perpendicular to both vn and B. The particle thus has a tendency to perform a circular
motion in a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. When this is coupled with the velocity parallel
to the field, the resulting trajectory will be a helix along the magnetic field line. Even if the field line
bends, the helically moving particle is trapped and guided to move around the field line. Since the
Lorentz force is normal to the velocity of each point, the field does no work on the particle and the
magnitude of velocity remains the same.
During a solar flare, a large number of electrons and protons are ejected from the sun. Some of them
get trapped in the earth’s magnetic field and move in helical paths along the field lines. The field
lines come closer to each other near the magnetic poles. Hence the density of charges increases near
the poles. These particles collide with atoms and molecules of the atmosphere. Excited oxygen atoms
emit green light and excited nitrogen atoms emits pink light. This phenomenon is called Aurora
Borealis in Physical Science.
 (i) Which of the following defines the exact meaning of magnetic field ?
(a) Magnetic field is a scalar field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges,
electric currents and magnetic materials.
(b) Magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges,
electric currents, and magnetic materials.
(c) Both scalar and vector fields that describe the magnetic influence on moving electric charges,
electric currents, and magnetic materials.
(d) Magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on static electric charges,
electric currents, and magnetic materials.

(ii) Which of the following defines the exact meaning of Lorentz force?
(a) The Lorentz force is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to
electromagnetic fields
(b) The Lorentz force is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to
gravitational fields
(c) The Lorentz force is the combination of gravitational force and magnetic force on a point charge
due to electromagnetic fields
(d) The Lorentz force is the combination of electric and centripetal force on a point charge due to
electromagnetic fields

(iii) What does Aurora Borealis mean ?

(a) The Aurora Borealis, otherwise known as the Northern Lights, is a physics phenomenon that can
be magical to observe, striking onlookers to wonder about the cause of the whimsical lights that
dance overhead.
(b) The Aurora Borealis, otherwise known asthe Southern Lights, is a physics phenomenon that can
be magical to observe, striking onlookers to wonder about the cause of the whimsical lights that
dance overhead.
(c) The Aurora Borealis, otherwise known as the Eastern Lights, is a physics phenomenon that can be
magical to observe, striking onlookers to wonder about the cause of the whimsical lights that dance
overhead.
(d) The Aurora Borealis is a apparent outward force on a mass when it is rotated.

(iv) Consider a tightly wound 100 turn coil of radius 10 cm, carrying a current of 1 A. What is
the magnitude of the magnetic field at the center of the coil?
(a) 2.28 × 10–4 T
(b) 6.28 × 10–4 T
(c) 3.28 × 10–4 T
(d) 5.28 × 10–4 T

12. Case based questions

Read the passage and answer the following questions:
Biot-Savart law was given by Biot and Savart after doing many experiments. This law is related with
the magnetic field induced at a point due to a small current carrying element (conductor). According
to the law, the magnetic field induced at a point near the current carrying element is directly
proportional to the current flowing in conductor, length of the element, sin q and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance of point from the element.
𝜇0 𝐼 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝑙 × 𝑟⃗
𝑑𝐵 =
4𝜋𝑟 3

(i) The magnetic field induced at a point is inversely proportional to:

(a) r2
(b) r3
(c) 1/r
 (d) 1/r2

(ii) Biot Savart law is related with the _________ induced at a point near current carrying
element.
(a) Magnetic field
(b) Gravitational field
(c) Electric field
(d) None of the above

(iii) Induced magnetic field is directly proportional to:

(a) i
(b) dl
(c) sinϴ
(d) All of these

(iv) As the distance between the point and current carrying element decreases, dB:
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains same
(d) Both (a) and (b)

LA ( 5MARKS)
1 a) A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter to measure upto V volts by connecting
a resistance R1 in series with the coil. If a resistance R2 is connected in series with it, then it can
measure upto V/2 volts. Find the resistance, in terms of R1 and R2, required to be connected to convert
it into a voltmeter that can read upto 2 V. Also find the resistance G of the galvanometer in terms of
R1 and R2.

b) Answer the following:

(i) Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer?
(ii) Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage
sensitivity. Explain, giving reason.

2 A student records the following data for the magnitudes(B) of the magnetic field at axial points at
different distances x from the centre of the circular coil of radius ‘a’ carrying a current I. Verify that
these observations are in good agreement with the expected theoretical variation of B with x.

x x=0 x =a x =2a x =3a

B B0 0.25√2B0 0.039√5𝐵𝑜 0.010√10𝐵𝑜
3
State the underlying principle of working of a moving coil galvanometer. Write two reasons why a
galvanometer cannot be used as such to measure current in a given circuit.
Name any two factors on which the current sensitivity of a galvanometer depends.
4 (i)Draw a labeled diagram of moving coil galvanometer. Describe briefly its principle and working.
(ii)Answer the following :
(a)Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer?
(b)Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage
 sensitivity. Explain, giving reason.
5 A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that is proportional to the magnetic
field, velocity component that is perpendicular to the magnetic field and the charge of the particle,
which is given by F = q(v x B). Here q is the electric charge, v is the velocity and B is the magnetic
field. The direction of force is perpendicular to both the direction of velocity and field. The
magnitude of force is positive if q is positive and negative if q is negative. The magnetic force is
always perpendicular to the motion. The magnetic field has no effect on an isolated charge. It works
only when an electric field is produced by the varying magnetic field.

Now answer the following questions:

i) What happens when a magnetic field is applied on a stationary electron?

ii) What will be the direction of the proton if it is projected with a uniform velocity along the axis of
a current carrying solenoid?
Iii) In which direction the a charge will experience a force if it is moving along x- axis introduced to
a magnetic field of B = i + j + k units?
iv) A charged particle moving with velocity v in presence of a magnetic field experiences a force.
Will the particle gain any energy?
v) When does a charged particle moves in a helical path?

6 A device is used to detect current in a circuit. It consists of a rectangular coil wound on a non-
conducting metallic frame and is suspended by phosphor bronze strip between the pole-pieces
(N and S) of a strong permanent magnet. A soft iron core in cylindrical form is placed
between the coil.

(i) Identify the device.

(ii) Draw a labelled diagram of this device
(iii) Describe briefly its principle and working.
(iv) What is the function of (a) uniform radial magnetic field, (b) soft iron core?

7
8

ANSWERS FOR MCQs

1. (a)
2. (d)
3. (d)
4. (d)
5. (d)
6. (b)
7. (b)
8. (c)
9. (d)
10. (a)
11. (b) same at Q
12. (d)Bp=BqIp= 6A in the clockwise direction
13. (b) the left portion of the will exert an attraction and the right portion will exert repulsion. The net
force is attractive and the wire will move towards the loop.
14. (c) 0 , BIL Fpq= ILBSin0 = 0 Fqr= BILSin 90 = BIL
15. (d) decrease by 4%
16. (c) 4:3
17. (b) Left
18. (d)
19. (d)
20. (b)
21. (a) E/B
22. (c) : 4
23. (b)A suitable low resistance in parallel
24. (c) torsional constant K
25.

(c)
26. (a)

27. (a)
28. (a)1/G
29. (c)radial
30. (b)zero F = IlB sin and =0
31. I
32. Iii
33. Iv
34. Ii
35. Iv
36. Ii
37. Ii
38. Ii
39. I
40. Iii
41. ii)
42. iii)
43. i)
44. ii)
45. iii)
46. ii)
47. ii)
48. iii)
49. iv)
50. iii)
 51. b
52. b, c
53. d
54. c
55. a
56. d
57. d
58. a
59. b
60. a
61.
ANSWERS FOR VSA ( 2 MARKS)
1 Uniform charged disc
Surface charged density σ=q/∏a2
dq = σ2∏x dx= q/∏a2 ꓫ 2∏x dx =2qxdx/a2
dI=dqꓫν=2q ν xdx/ a2
dB=µ0/4∏ ꓫ 2∏ dI/x = µ0/2x ꓫdI == µ0/2x ꓫ 2 qν xdx/ a2 = µ0 qν dx/ a2
integrate dB we will get
B==µ0 qν/a
2 Due to infinite wire B= µ0 i/2∏ a
At a distance of 0.4 m from wire B = µ0 i/2∏ a

B= 5× 10-6T
On a charged particle F=qvB sin ⱺ=4× 10-18 N
3 Since the total length of the wire used remains the same,
Nꓫ ∏ d =N’ꓫ ∏ 2d
N’=N/2
Hence the ratio of the magnetic moments=M’/M =IN’A’/INA=N’A’/NA=N’d2/Nd2 =2
4 B = µ0I/23/2r
5 5.33 x 10 -7 N (attractive and towards the wire)
6 Zero and 6.28 x 10-5T
7

8 B=µ0NI/R=4 ×10-7×100×1/2×0.1=6.28×10-4 T
9 I=B/ µ0n=20×10 -3/4 ×10-7×20×102=8 A
10 B =1/2 (µ0 I / 2r) 1.6 x 10-4 T
11 Force on a charged particle due to electric and magnetic field is called Lorenz force
F j = q [ V i x B (-k )]
For electron +k

12 M= IA= IπR2 and 2πr = 2 r= 1/π

 13 A uniform radial magnetic field is important in a moving coil galvanometer because it makes the
torque on the coil same in all positions of the coil in the magnetic field.

14 B = 0.5 x 10-5 T
T = 2πM/ qB
= (2 x 3.14 x 9.1 x 10-31)/ (1.6 x 10-19 x 0.5 x 10-3)
= 7.14 x 10-9 sec
15 Current sensitivity- The deflection produced per unit current in the coil of a galvanometer is called
current sensitivity.
Ig = φ/ I = NAB/ k

Voltage sensitivity- The deflection produced per unit voltage in the coil of galvanometer is called
voltage sensitivity.

Vg = φ/V = (NAB/k) x 1/R

Zero, because the upper and lower current carrying conductors are identical and so the magnetic
fields caused by them at the center O will be equal and opposite

Force on alpha particle and electron are opposite to each other, magnitude of mass per charge ratio of
𝑚
alpha particle is more than electron (i. e. 𝑟 ∝ 𝑞 ) ? hence radius of alpha particle is more than radius
of electron.

Given I = 50 A, r = 2.5 m

𝜇0 𝐼
𝐵=
2𝜋𝑅
4𝜋 ×10−7 ×50
= 2𝜋×2.5

= 4 × 10−6 T

By right hand palm rule the magnetic field is directed

vertically upward.

ANSWERS FOR SA ( 3 MARKS)

1. Magnetic field produced by both are equal in nature but in opposite direction
µ0 I1 a12/2(a12 +x12)3/2 = µ0 I 2a 22/2(a 22 +x 22)3/2
 I2 =0.56 A
2. a)For F =0 sinⱺ=n∏
So.magnetic field will be parallel or antiparallel to the velocity of charged particle.

b)For a charged particle moving in a constant magnetic field and v perpendicular to magnetic field
mv2/r =qvB
r=p/qB …………..(i)
K.E of electron=ev
P2/2m=ev
P=√2mev ………(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
r =8.4ꓫ 10-3m
3. 2=IGG+R1 IG
R1=19KΩ
20= IG(10+R1+R2)
R2=18 KΩ
200=IG(10+R1+R2 +R3)
R3=180 KΩ
4. Calculation and graph NCERT Text Book page no. 149(old book)
5. B = 2π X 10-5T and tanθ = ¾
6. 1.2 x 10-3kg/m and current in CD should be oppsite to that of AB
7. The force applied on PQ by a long straight wire carrying current of 25 A which rests on a table. And
the forces which other are repulsive if two straight wires are placed parallel to each other carrying
current in opposite direction. Now if the wire PQ is in equilibrium then that repulsive force on PQ must
balance its weight.
8. Magnetic force on the wire=I(l×B)=I(li×B0( i+j+k))=(k-j)B0Il
Magnitude of magnetic force=√2B0IL
9. Magnetic field produced by the two coils at their common centre are:

The net magnetic field is directed at an angle of 45° with either of the fields.
10.

11. V constant for two parts

I1R1 = I2R2
So I1L1 = I2L2
Therefore B1=B2 and in opposite direction.
Net field is zero

12. F= qvB sinθ

The force on the particle is towards center
Veocity at any point is towards tangent
So F.v= Fvcos90 = 0
13. I= 5A, v= 107m/s, r = 0.05m

B = µ02I/ 4πr = (4πx 107 x 2 x 5)/ (4π x 0.05) = 2 x 10-9 T

F = qvB = 1.6x 10-19 x 107 x 2 x 10-9 = 3.2 x 10-21 N

14. Let the two wires be A and B.
 Ia = 6A, Ib= 8A, r = 0.08m, l = 0.15m

F = μ02IaIbl/ 4πr = (4π x 10-7 x 2 x 6 x 8 x 0.15)/ (4π x 0.08)

= 1.8 x 10-5 N
15. G= 20Ω, Ig = 5mA = 5 x 10-3A, I = 6A

To convert a galvanometer into an ammeter a shunt resistor of resistance S is connected in

parallel with the galvanometer.
S = Ig G/ (I – Ig) = (5 x 10-3 x 20)/ ( 6 – 0.005) = 1/ 59.95 = 20mA.
16
Current carrying conductors repel each other, if current flows in the opposite direction.

Current carrying conductors attract each other if current flows in the same direction. If wire CD
remain suspended above AB then
Frepulsion= Weight
𝜇0 𝐼1 𝐼2 𝑙
= mg
2𝜋𝑅

𝜇0 𝐼1 𝐼2 𝑚
=
2𝜋𝑅𝑔 𝑙

2 × 10−7 × 12 × 5 𝑚
=
1 × 10−3 × 10 𝑙

= 1.2 × 10−3 𝑘𝑔/𝑚

Current in CD should be in opposite direction to that in AB.

17 For a charged particle moving in a constant magnetic field and v is perpendicular to B
𝑚𝑣 2
= 𝑞𝑣𝐵
𝑟
𝑚𝑣
𝑟=
𝑞𝐵
𝑝
𝑟= … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … . . (𝑖)
𝑞𝐵

If e is accelerated through a potential difference of 104 V, then

K.E. of the electron = eV
𝑝2
Then 2𝑚 = 𝑒𝑉

𝑃 = √2𝑚𝑒𝑉 ……………………………………………(ii)

From (i) and (ii)

 √2𝑚𝑒𝑉
𝑟=
𝑞𝐵
√2×9.1×10−31 ×1.6×10−19 ×104
= 1.6×10−19 ×0.04

r = 8.4 × 10−4 𝑚

18 𝜇0 𝑟 2 𝐼 𝜇 𝐼
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝐵 𝑃| =
0
= 4√2𝑟 pointing towards P
2(𝑟 2 +𝑟 2 )

𝜇0 𝑟 2 2𝐼 𝜇 2𝐼
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝐵 𝑄| =
0
= 4√2𝑟 pointing towards Q
2(𝑟 2 +𝑟 2 )

⃗⃗ | = |𝐵
|𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑄 | − |𝐵𝑃 |

𝜇0 𝐼
⃗⃗ | =
|𝐵
4√2𝑟

ANSWERS FOR CBQ ( 4 MARKS)

1. a) circular
b) deflected upwards
c) 2.2ꓫ10-9 Cm-2
2. a) 0.65
b) v2m/2Ilm
c) 60N
3. (i) A (ii) B (iii) A (iv) D
4. (i) D (ii) D (iii) A (iv) B
5. i) a
ii) a)4.8×10 -11 N
iii) d
iv) b
6. i) c
ii) a
iii) a
iv) a
7. (i) 𝜏=𝑁𝐼𝐴𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 Where 𝜃 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 angle between normal to the coil and magnetic field.
(ii) It is having very less value of K. Hence voltage sensitivity and current sensitivity will be
very high.
(iii) (I –Ig) R = IgG formula to be used and (I- Ig) to be found out)] ans 0.8 A
8. i) R=qB/mv ii) T= 2𝜋m/qB iii) (I –Ig) R = IgG , I = 0.8 A
9. i) We know,
mα = 4mp
and qα = 2qp
vα = vp =v

K.E. of α-particle = 1/2 mαvα2

K.E. of proton = 1/2 mpvp2
 Therefore, Kα/ Kp = mαvα2 / mpvp2
= 4mpv2 / mpv2
=4
Kα = 4 Kp
ii) We know
r = mv/ Bq

For α-particle , rα = mα vα/ B qα

For proton, rp = mp vp/ B qp

rα/ rp = mαqp / mpqα

= 4mpqp/ mp2qp
= 2.
10. i) Ampere’s right hand rule.
ii) Magnetic field is directly proportional to the number of turns.
Iii) Copper
iv) Proton will not deflect.
11. (i) b
(ii) a
(iii) a
(iv) b
12. (i) a
(ii) a
(iii) d
(iv) b
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
KEY 5 MARKS
1 (a) Let Ig be the current through galvanometer at full deflection To measure V volts, V = Ig (G + R1)
...(i)
V/2 volts V /2 =IG(G+ R 1)…….(ii)
2 V volts,2V= IG(G+ R3) ...(iii) 2 V volts,
To measure for conversion of range dividing (i) by (ii),
2=G+R 1 /G+R 2
G=R 1 -2R 2
Putting the value of G in (i), we have
IG=V/R1-2R2+R1
IG=V/2R1-2R2
Substituting the value of G and I G in equation (iii), we have 2V =V/R1-2R2(R1-2R2+R3)
4R1-4R2 =R1-2R2+R3
R3 = 3R1 – 2R2

(b) The cylindrical, soft iron core makes the field radial and increases the strength of the magnetic
field, i.e., the magnitude of the torque.
Sensitivity of galvanometer :
Current sensitivity: It is defined as the deflection of coil per unit current flowing in it.
Sensitivity, S I =ⱺ/I=NAB /C = ...(ii)
 Voltage sensitivity: It is defined as the deflection of coil per unit potential difference across its ends
i.e., . S V=ⱺ/V= NAB /R g C ...(iii)
where Rg is resistance of galvanometer. Clearly for greater sensitivity number of turns N, area A and
magnetic field strength B should be large and torsional rigidity C of suspension should be small.
Dividing (iii) by (ii)
SV/SI=1/G
SV=1/GꓫSI
Clearly the voltage sensitivity depends on current sensitivity and the resistance of galvanometer. If
we increase current sensitivity then it is not certain that voltage sensitivity will be increased. Thus,
the increase of current sensitivity does not imply the increase of voltage sensitivity.

2 For correct formula and each verification 1 mark

3 (i) Moving coil galvanometer works on the principle of a torque experienced by a current carrying
coil placed in a magnetic field, whose magnitude is a function of current passing through the coil.
(ii) The galvanometer cannot be used to measure the value of the current in a given circuit due to the
following two reasons:
(a) Galvanometer is a very sensitive device. It gives a full scale deflection for a small value of
current.
(b) The galvanometer has to be connected in series for measuring currents and as it has a large
resistance, this will change the value of the current in the circuit.

(iii)

It depends on the number of turns N of the coil, torsion constant and the area A of the coil.

5 ) For a stationary electron, v = 0.

Thus the magnetic force F = 0. The electron remanis stationary.

ii) Since v is parallel to B, the magnetic force F = 0. Thus the proton will continue to move along the
axis of the solenoid.
 Iii) Here, v = i, B = i+ j+k
F= q (v x B)
= q (k -j)
The charge will experience a force in the yz plane.

iv) the particle will gain no energy since the power dissipated will be zero.

v)When there is an angle between velocity of charged particle and magnetic field, the verticla
component of velocity will rotate the charge on circular path but the horizontal component of
velocity will move it in straight path. Combiningly, the charge will move in a helical path
6 (i) Moving coil galvanometer.
(ii)

(iii)Principle and working: When current (I) is passed in the coil, torque τ acts on the coil, given by
τ =NIAB sin θ.

(iv)Importance (or function) of uniform radial magnetic field: Torque for current carrying coil in
a magnetic field is τ = NIAB sin θ In radial magnetic field sin θ = 1, so torque is τ = NIAB This
makes the deflection (θ) proportional to current.
In other words, the radial magnetic field makes the scale linear.
• The cylindrical, soft iron core makes the field radial and increases the strength of the magnetic
field, i.e., the magnitude of the torque.