R
Table of Contents
The Main System Flow Chart Of Engine
Lubricating system
Cooling system
Intake and exhaust system
Fuel supplying system
Testing and Adjusting Section
Lubricating for main moving parts
Lubricating for rocker arm system
Lubricating turbocharger
Fuel supplying system
Checking before starting the engine
Replacement of the oil and oil filter
C h e c k a n d a d j u s t t h e v a l v e clearance
Check the tension of V-belts
Check the air filter element
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柴油机几大系统示意图
The Main System Flow Chart Of Engine
·润滑系统
Lubricating system
·冷却系统
Cooling system
·进排气系统
Intake and exhaust system
·燃油系统
Fuel supplying system
了解 226B 柴油机的各大系统流程，将为您使用维护保养及故障排除提供帮助。
To understand the main system flow chart of the engine will give help to you for operating and
maintaining the engine．
润滑系统
Lubricating system
1．集滤器
Strainer
2．机油泵
Oil pump
3．机油滤清器
Oil filter
4．滤座
Filter seat
5．安全阀
Relief valve
6．机油泵安全阀
Safety valve of oil pump
7．主油道
Main oil passage
8．限压阀
Pressure limiting valve
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各大运动零件的润滑
Lubricating for main moving parts
1．机油冷却器来油
The oil flowing from the oil cooler
2．主油道
Main oil passage
3．通往主轴颈
Oil to the main crankshaft joumal
4．连杆轴颈
Connecting rod journal
5．曲轴主轴颈处
The main journal of crankshaf
6．通往连杆轴承
Oil to connecting rod beating
7．主油道通向主轴承的斜油道
The branch oil passage passing to
main Dearing
8．付油道
Sub-passage of oil
9．冷却活塞喷油
Oil injection nozzle to Cool piston
10．凸轮轴轴承
Camshaft beating
11．主油道来油润滑空压机
Lubricating air compressor with oil
from main oil passage
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12．付油道来油润滑喷油泵
Lubricating fuel injection pump with oil
from secondary oil passage
13．付油道来油润滑二级平衡机构 L u b r i
cating two-stage balancing
Mechanism with oil from main oil passage
摇臂机构的润滑
Lubricating for rocker arm system
1．主油道斜油孔来油
Oil flowing from the oil branch
passage
2．挺柱油孔
Tappet oil hole
3．挺杆油孔
Push rod oil hole
4．摇臂螺钉油孔
Oil hole of rocker arm bolt
5．摇臂油孔
Oil hole of rocker arm
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增压器的润滑
Lubricating turbocharger
1．主油道来油
Oil from the main oil passage
2．增压器进油口
Oil inlet of turbocharger
3．增压器回油口
The oil outlet of turbocharger
冷却系统
Cooling system
1．水泵进水口
Water pump inlet
2．水泵
Water pump
3．气缸体水套
Water jacket of cylinder block
4．机油冷却器
Oil cooler
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1．气缸体水套
Water jacket of cylinder block
2．来自缸体水套之水
Cooling water flowing from water
jacket of cylinder block
3．气缸垫
Cylinder head gasket
4．流经气缸盖水腔
Cooling water passing through the
water passage of cylinder head
5．出水口
Cooling water outlet
1．机体流出冷却液
Coolant flowing from cylinder block
2．调节器
Thermostat
3．旁通阀
Bypass valve
4．流入水泵的冷却液
Coolant flowing into water pump
5．旁通阀关闭
Bypass valve closed
6．冷却液流入散热器
Coolant flowing into the radiator
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进排气系统
Intake and exhaust system
1．经过滤清器滤清的空气进入增压器
(非增压机无增压器)
Air cleaned through air filter into
supercharger (no supercharg
e r u n l e s s supercharged engine)
2．流经中冷器的增压空气(增压非中冷
机无中冷器)
Pressurized air through inter-cooler
(no inter-cooler for supercharged and
nonintercooled engine)
4．进气管
Intake manifold
5．进气门
Intake valve
1．排气门
Exhaust Valve
2．排气管
Exhaust manifold
3．排气进入增压器涡轮
Exhausting gas flowing into the turbo
of turbocharger
4．增压器排气出口
Exhaust outlet of turbocharger
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燃油系统
Fuel supplying system
1．来自油箱的燃油
Fuel from the fuel tank
2．输油泵
Fuel delivery pump
3．燃油滤清器 Fuel filter
4．低压油管
Fuel delivery pipe
5．冒烟限制器空气限制管(非增压机无
此件)
Air-limiting pipe of fume limiter (Only
existing in supercharger)
6．喷油泵
Fuel injection pump
7．高压油管
High pressure fuel pipe
8．喷油器 Injector
9．喷油器回油管
Fuel returning pipe of injector
10．回油箱燃油管
Fuel pipe back to the fuel tank
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Testing and Adjusting Section
起动柴油机以前需检查机油
液 面、冷却液液面和柴油液面。
Before starting the engine should
check the oil level and coolant level
． ．
检查：
Inspect：
·泄漏
Leakage
·易损件
Fast wearing parts
·柴油机上出现的任何异常
Any unconventionality
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● 检查机油油面高度
Inspect the oil level height
当油面低于油尺的下刻线或高 于
油尺的上刻线时，决不允许开动柴油
机。
When the oil level is lower than
the lower limit or higher than the upper
limit ， it is not allowed to start the
engine．
在柴油机停车后检查油面，至少
等 5 分钟后进行，使机油有充分时间
流回油底壳。
After the engine stopped， inspect
the oil level at least 5 minutes later in
order to ensure the oil can flow back to
the oil sump．
油尺低位至高位的油量为
3.25 升 (3 缸 )、5 升 (4 缸 )、6 升 (6
缸 )。 The oil-volume values from
the
low scale mark to the high scale mark
are respectively 3.25 liter (3-cylinder
engine), 5 liter (4-cylinder engine) and
6 liter (6-cylinder engine).
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● 检查冷却液液面
I nspect the coolant level
玻璃视孔观察冷却液 面，冷却液
不够时，可打开加水口盖加入冷却液。
Inspect the coolant level through
the vitreous view hole，if the coolant is
not sufficient，open the inlet cover and
fill into the coolant.
注意：打开加水口盖时，必须先
按下排气按钮，以免发动机热状态时
热冷却液会伤人。
Note:When opening the inlet cover，
must press down the exhaust button
firstly to prevent hot coolant from
injuring people.
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● 检查风扇
Inspect the fan
检查塑料风扇是否变形，铁风扇
是否松动，叶片是否弯曲，确保风扇
工作可靠。
Check whether the plastic fan is
distorted.For steel fan，check whether
the rivet loosened and the vane is
curved to ensure reliable running
● 检查三角皮带 Check V-belt 用肉
眼检查三角皮带，有无裂纹
或擦伤，必要时应更换。
Inspect the V-belts with your eyes
to find if there is any crack or scratch on
the V-belts．Replace them if necessary
．
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机油和机油滤清器的更换
Replacement of the oil and oil filter
柴油机使用后机油将变脏，污染
物含量与燃油机油耗总量成正比。 T
he oil will be polluted a
fter
u s i n g ，t h e p o l l u t i o n c o n t e n
t s i s o f accordance with the
consumption of fuel and oil．
注意：正常使用的柴油机更换机
油 的 周 期 无 论 如 何 不 可 超 过
250h(1 万公里 )。
Note:The replacemen
t period of oil under proper
using c o n d i t i o n c a n n o t b e y
o n d 2 5 0 h (10,000Kilometers)
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更换机油和机油滤清器，以清除
悬浮在机油中的杂质。
Replace the oil and oil filter to
clean the impurities containing in oil.
注意：应在机油是热的时候放油
Note: The oil should be drained
off when it is hot．
拆下放油螺塞，准备收集 7.25 升
（3 缸）、9.5 升（4 缸）、13 升（6
缸）机 油。
Dismantle draining plug screw;
prepare to collect the oil of 7.25 L, 9.25
L and 13 L respectively to 3-cylinder, 4
cylinder and 6 cylinder engines.
注意：热机油会伤人
Note：Hot oil can injure people.
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滤清器专用扳手
Tool:The special wrench forfilter
清洁滤清器头部四周，拆下滤清
器。
Clean the end surrounding of the
filter，and remove it.
装上新的机油滤清器 Install the
new oil filter 注意：安装机油滤
清器时 , 密封
圈要校正，且要在密封圈上涂上滑油。
Note：Adjust the seal ring and
smear some lubricating oil On it
while fitting the oil filter.
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19mm 开口扳手
Tool:19mm open-ended wrench
检查和清洁放油螺塞螺纹及密封
表面，并装上放油螺塞。
Check and clean the screw thread
and seal ring ， and then install the
whorl plug.
将清洁的机油注入柴油机到油 尺
的上刻度线，油底壳容量为 7.25 升（3
缸）、9.5 升（4 缸）、13 升（6 缸）机
油。
Fill the cleaned oil into diesel
engine and let it reach the upper scale
mark of dipstick. The capac
i t y o f oil sump is 7.25 L, 9.25 L
or 13 L respectively to 3-cylinder, 4
cylinder or
6 cylinder engine.．
注 意：226B 柴 油 机 必 须 使 用
CD 级 15W/40 牌 号 机 油（ 详 见 第
53 页）
Note：For 226B diesel engine,
CD 15W/40 grade oil must be used .
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发动机怠速运转，检查滤清器和
放油螺塞处是否漏油。
Run th e engine at idling speed and
check the filter to find whether it leaks
or not．
停 车 后 约 5min 让 机 油 自 上 部
零 件流人油底 壳，再检查油面高 度，
必 要时补充机油至油尺的上刻线。
Stop the engine and make the oil
run into the sump from the upper parts 5
minutes later，then check the oil level，
fill oil up to the upper limit if necessary
．
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● 检查调整气门间隙
Check and adjust the v
a l v e clearance
13mm 套筒扳手 Tool：
13mm sleeve wrench 拆下
气缸盖罩
Dismantle the cylinder head cover.
慢慢转动柴油机，使飞轮壳上刻
线对准飞轮上的 OT 刻度线，此时使
第一缸活塞处于压缩行程的上止点位
置（一缸进排气阀处于关闭状态）。
Turn diesel engine slowly, make t
he upper scale mark on flyw
h e e l housing align the 0T scale mark
on flywheel, and at this time, let the
piston of the first cylinder be located in
the top dead center in the compression
stroke (intake and exhaust valves of
Cylinder 1 closed).
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塞尺
Tool：Clearance guage
进气门间隙 0.20mm
The clearance of intake valve is
0.20 mm
排气门间隙 0.30mm
The clearance of exhaust valve is
0.30 mm
注意：检测气门间隙时，柴油机
应为冷态——低于 60℃，塞尺在气门
杆顶和摇臂间滑动时，有阻滞发粘感
觉时，所测间隙值为准确值。
Note:When check the clearance
of valve，the engine should be at
the Cool condition-its temperature is
less than 60℃ .When the clearance
guage glides between the top of
valve rod and rocker arm and can be
felt retarded and sticky，the measu
nng result is proper．
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6# 螺丝刀、14mm 梅花扳手
Tools：6#screwdriver and 14mm double
offset ring wrench
第一缸活塞位于压缩行程上止点位置。
st
The piston of 1 cylinder is at TDC of the
compression stroke．
此 时 调 整 四 缸 机 第 1、2、3、6，六
缸 机 第 1、2、3、6、7、10（从曲轴皮带轮
端数）气 门的间隙，用塞尺调整好间隙后
拧紧摇臂锁 紧螺母，并复查气门间隙，直
到达到要求为 止。
At this time, adjust the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and
6th valve clearances of 4-cylinder engine
and the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th and 10th of
6-cylinder engine (from crankshaft pulley
end). Adjust the clearance by using the feeler
and tighten the lock nuts of the rock arm.
Recheck the valve clearance till it is qualified.
如步骤A所示检查或调整气门间
隙 (I 表示进气，E 表示排气 )。
Check and adjust the valve clearance as
step A(I-air intake Valve E-air exhaust valve)
用塞尺调整好间隙后拧紧摇臂锁紧
螺
母，并复查气门间隙，直到到要求为止。
Adjust the clearance by guage and tighten
the fixing nut of rocker arm ， re-check the
clearance till it meets the requirement．
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再转动曲轴 360°；也可以在减震器上做标记后转动 360°。此时调整四缸机第
4、5、7、8，
六缸机第 4、5、8、9、11、12（从曲轴皮带轮端数）气门的间隙，同样松动摇臂锁紧螺母，用塞
尺调 整好后重新拧紧摇臂锁紧螺母。
Next, turn the crankshaft to 360° ; or mark on the shock absorber, and then turn it to 360° .At this
time, adjust the 4th, 5th, 7th, and 8th valve clearances of the 4-cylinder engine and the 4th, 5th, 8th, 9th,
11th and 12th of the 6-cylinder engine (counted from the crankshaft pulley end). Loosen the lock pinch
nut of the rock arm, adjust it by using the feeler and tighten it well.
按步骤 B 所示调整气门间隙。 Adjust the valve clearance as stepB.
同样松动摇臂锁紧螺母，用塞尺调整好后重新拧紧摇臂锁紧螺母。
Loosen the fixing nut of rocker arm，adjust the c|earance by guage then tighten the nut again.
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13mm 套筒扳手
Tool:13mm sleeve wrench 安装气
缸盖罩垫片和气缸盖罩。 Install
the gasket and cylinder head
cover
螺栓拧紧力矩 10-15N·m。
The tightening torque of bolt is
10-15N·m.
● 检查三角皮带涨紧力
Check the tension of V-belts
在三角皮带的最大跨距上测量其
挠度：一般要求在 4-5kgf 压力下，皮
带挠度不大于 20mm。
Measure the flexibility
i n t h e max. span of poly V-belt.
Generally, under the pressure of 4-
5kgf, the belt flexibility is less than
20mm.
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8mm 内六角扳手、16mm 开口扳
手
8mm inner-hexagon spanner and
16mm open-ended wrench
如 果 挠 度 大 于 20mm, 说 明 三
角 皮带松动，需松开涨紧螺栓及锁
紧螺 母，重 新 涨 紧 皮 带，然 后 拧 紧
涨紧螺 栓及锁紧螺母。
If the flexibility is over 20mm, the
poly V-belt is shown loose. Unscrew
the tensioning bolt and the lock nut, re-
tension the V-belt, and then tighten the
tensioning bolt and the lock nut.
检查冷却管路橡胶管是否老化有
裂缝、软管卡箍是否松动，必要时紧
固或更换零件，确保其密封性。
Check therubber hose in
t h e cooling pipeline for its aged and
cracked situation, and check the hose
clamps for its loosing. Fasten or change
the related parts, if necessary, to ensure
the seal performance.
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更换燃油滤清器
Replace the fuel filter
滤清器专用扳手
Special spanner for filter
清洁燃油滤清器头部周围，拆下
燃油滤清器。
Clean the fuel filter around the
head and take down it.
装上新的燃油滤清器。
Mount a new fuel filter.
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排出低压油路和燃油滤清器中的
空气。
Release the air out of the low-
pressure fuel passage and the fuel filter.
拧开喷油泵进油口放油螺钉。
Unscrew the fuel-draining screw
fixed in the fuel inlet of injection pump.
按动输油泵柱塞，直到从放油螺 钉
处流出的柴油没有空气为止。然后
拧紧放油螺钉。
Press on the plunger of
f u e l transfer pump until no air exists
in diesel fuel that flows out of the
fuel- draining screw; and then tighten
up the fuel-draining screw.
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● 检查空气滤清器滤芯
Check the air filter element
柴油机最大允许进气阻力
为
5kPa，柴油机必须在 标定转速 和全
负 荷运转时检查最大进气阻 力，当
进气 阻力达到最大允许极限 时，应
按制造 厂的规定清洁或更换滤芯。
In diesel engine, the allowable
max inlet resistance is 5kPa and it
must be inspected when the engine
works at rated speed and full load. If 1.纸质主滤芯：Paper filtering element
this resistance reaches the maximum 2.毛毡安全滤芯：Blanketry safety filtering element
permissible limited value, the filter
element shall be cleaned or replaced
according to the requireme
n t s o f manufacturer.
注意：决不允许在没有空滤器时
使用发动机。否则灰尘和杂质进入柴
油机会导致发动机早期磨损。
Caution: Never operat
e t h e engine in any case of no
air filter, otherwise the dust and
impurities will come into diesel
engine and result in early wear to the
machine.
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从空滤器中拆下空滤芯，轻拍端
面使灰尘落下，也可用压缩空气反吹
( 由内向外吹 )。
Take down the filter element from
the air filter, clap it at end lightly and
make dust on it fall down. Alternatively,
blow it inversely with compressed air
(from inner to out).
注意：
Nole：
·不得吹破滤纸
Don't blow off the air filtering
paper
·不得用水和油清洗滤纸
Don't clean the air filtering
paper by water and oil
·不得用力拍打或敲打滤芯
Don't beat the core forcibly．
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