RESEARCH DESIGN

This study employed a quantitative research method. Utilizing a quantitative research approach, this
investigation employs a structured method for studying phenomena by gathering and analyzing
numerical data. Widely applied in the natural and social sciences, this methodology seeks to identify
patterns, make predictions, test causal relationships, and extend findings to larger populations
(Bhandari, 2023). Following the scientific method, the quantitative design is characterized by deductive
reasoning to formulate hypotheses, collect and analyze data, and draw conclusions (Studocu, n.d.).
Focusing on objective measurements and statistical analysis, quantitative research involves
computational techniques for examining data acquired through polls, questionnaires, surveys, or existing
statistical information (Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: Quantitative Methods, n.d.). This
study integrates two specific quantitative research designs: the experimental research design and the
correlational research design.

Experimental research design, outlined as a systematic framework with constant and variable
sets, ensures a controlled and precise approach to scientific inquiry, as exemplified by Sirisilla & Sirisilla
(2023). This method, emphasizing the impact of independent variables on dependent variables, proves
invaluable in optimizing conditions, as seen in Single-Phase Extraction (SPE) studies, where suitable
designs efficiently accommodate factor interactions for a comprehensive and streamlined optimization
process (Mishra & Datta–Gupta, 2018).An experimental research design is employed to systematically
investigate the cause-and-effect relationships and optimize the efficiency of electricity generation using a
pedicab's wheel, allowing for controlled manipulation of variables and precise quantitative analysis. This
approach enables researchers to identify factors impacting efficiency, optimize variables, and draw
reliable conclusions through statistical analyses. make it short.

A correlational study, a non-experimental research design examining relationships between

variables without experimenter manipulation, focuses on identifying statistical connections. Correlations
can be strong or weak, positive or negative, and sometimes nonexistent (MSEd, 2023). Researchers
option for correlational studies over experiments when they aim to understand statistical relationships
without necessarily inferring causation, aligning with science's goals of description and prediction
(Cuttler, n.d.). Correlational research design is chosen for studying the generation of electricity using a
pedicab's wheel due to the exploratory nature of understanding potential relationships among variables,
such as speed, terrain, and wheel design. In the context of a dynamic and real-world setting,
correlational studies accommodate the intricate conditions and natural variability involved in this
process.

REFERENCE
Bhandari, P. (2023, June 22). What is quantitative research? | Definition, uses & methods. Scribbr.
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/quantitative-research/

Studocu. (n.d.). Develop-quantitative - Key Elements of a Research Proposal Quantitative Design What
are the main - Studocu. https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/mindanao-state-university/bachelor-
of-secondary-education/develop-quantitative/48358820

Research Guides: Organizing your Social Sciences Research Paper: Quantitative Methods. (n.d.).
https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/quantitative
Mishra, S., & Datta–Gupta, A. (2018). Experimental design and response surface analysis. In Elsevier
eBooks (pp. 169–193). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803279-4.00007-9

Sirisilla, S., & Sirisilla, S. (2023, July 21). Experimental Research Design — 6 mistakes you should never
make! Enago Academy. https://www.enago.com/academy/experimental-research-design/

Cuttler, P. C. P. R. S. J. I. a. C. D. C. L. a. C. (n.d.). 6.2 Correlational research – Research methods in

Psychology. https://opentext.wsu.edu/carriecuttler/chapter/correlational-research/

MSEd, K. C. (2023, May 4). Correlation studies in psychology research. Verywell Mind.
https://www.verywellmind.com/correlational-research-2795774

BOS (NEW)

The energy utilization of common vehicles, including pedicabs, has become a focal point of interest in
recent years. According to American Guerilla Marketing (n.d.), pedicabs, being human-powered vehicles,
are recognized as an eco-friendly choice due to their reliance solely on human power, thereby
eliminating the need for fuel consumption or emission-producing engines. However, in the broader
context of the automotive industry, studies by Sato and Nakata (2020) reveal that the production of a
conventional vehicle necessitates a minimum of 5.23 kg of raw materials and energy resources. Despite
these findings, there is a burgeoning interest in exploring alternative modes of transportation, such as
pedicabs, as a proactive measure to mitigate emissions and foster sustainability, as highlighted by De La
Pena (2018).

REFERENCE
American Guerilla Marketing. (n.d.). Exploring the benefits of Pedicab transportation.
https://americanguerillamarketing.com/home/f/exploring-the-benefits-of-pedicab-transportation

Sato, F., & Nakata, T. (2020). Energy Consumption Analysis for Vehicle Production through a Material
Flow Approach. Energies, 13(9), 2396. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13092396

De La Pena, B. (2018, November 26). The case for the Pedicab. TheCityFix.
https://thecityfix.com/blog/the-case-for-the-pedicab/
 The application of electromagnetic induction technologies in the Philippines has ushered in
transformative possibilities across various sectors, yet it presents distinctive challenges in the nation's
development. Notably, the insufficiency of infrastructure and limited access to dependable electricity in
rural and island communities pose obstacles to the widespread adoption of technologies based on
electromagnetic induction, such as induction motors (World Bank, 2020; Department of Energy,
Philippines, 2022). Additionally, a shortage of skilled workers and a lack of public awareness impede the
development and utilization of these technologies (DOST-Philippine Science Centrum, 2021; DepEd,
Philippines, Curriculum Review of STEM subjects, 2018). The absence of specific regulations and limited
support mechanisms, including incentives and funding, introduce uncertainties for investors and hinder
research and development efforts (Senate of the Philippines, Committee on Science and Technology,
2023; DOST-Science for Change Program, 2022). Environmental concerns, such as electromagnetic
interference and potential health risks linked to exposure to electromagnetic fields, emphasize the need
to address regulatory gaps and encourage informed public discussion (National Telecommunications
Commission, Philippines, Guidelines on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2019; Department of Health,
Philippines, EMF Safety Guidelines, 2015). Addressing these multifaceted challenges requires
comprehensive strategies covering infrastructure development, educational initiatives, regulatory
frameworks, and environmental safeguards to unlock the full potential of electromagnetic induction in
the Philippines.

REFERENCE

 World Bank. (2020). Philippines: Access to Electricity, Rural

electrification https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.RU.ZS

 Department of Energy, Philippines. (2022). Power Grid Development Plan. https://www.doe.gov.ph/presentations

 DOST-Philippine Science Centrum. (2021). Science & Technology Human Resource Development Plan 2021-
2027. https://www.sei.dost.gov.ph/images/downloads/publ/hrdpplan2017-2022.pdf

 DepEd, Philippines. (2018). Curriculum Review of STEM

subjects. https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Science-Technology-Engineering-and-Mathematics-
STEM-Strand.pdf
 Senate of the Philippines, Committee on Science and Technology. (2023). Minutes of the Public Hearing on Senate
Bill No. 1298: An Act Regulating the Importation, Manufacture, Distribution, Sale, Installation, and Use of
Electromagnetic Radiation Generators. https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2022/0729_marcosi1.asp

 DOST-Science for Change Program. (2022). Program Guidelines. https://s4cp.dost.gov.ph/

 National Telecommunications Commission, Philippines. (2019). Guidelines on Electromagnetic

Compatibility. https://region7.ntc.gov.ph/index.php/laws-rules-regulations

 Department of Health, Philippines. (2015). EMF Safety Guidelines. https://doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/health-

update/DC2020-0049-Reiteration-of-DM2020-0072-Interim-Guidelines-for-2019-nCoV-ARD-Response-in-Hospitals-
and-Other-Health-Facilities.pdf