A ventilation fan has blades 0.25 m in radius rotating at 30 rpm.

What is the tangential speed of each

blade tip? 0.79 m/s

A 0.30-m radius automobile tire rotates how many rad after starting from rest and accelerating at a
constant 4.0 rad/s2 over a 3.0-s interval? 18 rad

A majorette takes two batons and fastens them together in the middle at right angles to make an "x"
shape. Each baton was 0.90 m long and each ball on the end is 0.20 kg. (Ignore the mass of the rods.)
What is the moment of inertia if the arrangement is spun around an axis through the center
perpendicular to both rods? 0.16 kg m2

Which of the first units given below can be units for angular acceleration while the second units can
be units for angular velocity? Rad/s^2, deg/hour

1300 rev/min is equivalent to which of the following? 136 rad/s

A 0.20-m radius grinding wheel starts at rest and develops an angular speed of 12.0 rad/s in 4.0 s.
What is the average tangential acceleration of a point on the wheel's edge? 0.60 m/s2

A fan blade, initially at rest, rotates with a constant acceleration of 0.025 rad/s2. What is the time
interval required for it to reach a 10-rad displacement after starting from rest? 28 s

An automobile accelerates from zero to 30 m/s in 6.0 s. The wheels have a diameter of 1.0 m. What is
the average angular acceleration of each wheel? 10 rad/s2

A solid rock, suspended in air by a spring scale, has a measured mass of 8.00 kg. When the rock is
submerged in water, the scale reads 3.20 kg. What is the density of the rock? (water density =
1 000 kg/m3) 1.67 × 103 kg/m3

A uniform pressure of 8.1 × 105 N/m2 is applied to all six sides of a copper cube. What is the
percentage change in volume of the cube? (for copper, B = 14 × 1010 N/m2) 0.6 × 10−3 %

An ice skater spins at 3.5 rev/s with his arms are extended. He draws his arms in and spins at 8.3 rev/s.
By what factor does his moment of inertia change in the process? 0.42

An initially installed flywheel can store 106 J of kinetic energy when rotating at 300 rad/s. It is
replaced by another flywheel of the same size but made of a stronger material. If its mass is the same
as that of the original, and it is now capable of achieving a rotational speed of 445 rad/s, what
maximum energy can be stored? 2.20E+6 J

What volume of water is displaced by a submerged 2.5-kg cylinder made of solid aluminum?
(aluminum density = 2.7 × 103 kg/m3 and water density = 1.0 × 103 kg/m3) 9.3 × 10−4 m3

The bulk modulus of a material, as a meaningful physical property, is applicable to which of the
following? solids, liquids and gases

A hole is poked through the metal side of a drum holding water. The hole is 19 cm below the water
surface. What is the initial speed of outflow? 1.9 m/s
A cube of wood of density 0.78 g/cm3 is 10 cm on a side. When placed in water, what height of the
block will float above the surface? (water density = 1.00 g/cm3) 2.2 cm

The flow rate of blood through the average human aorta, of radius 1.0 cm, is about 90 cm3/s. What is
the speed of the blood flow through the aorta? 29 cm/s

A solid cylinder of mass 3.0 kg and radius 0.2 m starts from rest at the top of a ramp, inclined 15°, and
rolls to the bottom without slipping. (For a cylinder I = 0.5MR2.) The upper end of the ramp is 1.5 m
higher than the lower end. Find the linear speed of the cylinder when it reaches the bottom of the
ramp. (g = 9.8 m/s2) 4.4 m/s

A tiny spring, with a spring constant of 1.20 N/m, will be stretched to what displacement by a 0.0060-
N force? 5.0 mm

A 0.2-kg aluminum plate, initially at 20°C, slides down a 15-m-long surface, inclined at a 27° angle to
the horizontal. The force of kinetic friction exactly balances the component of gravity down the plane
so that the plate, once started, glides down at constant velocity. If 90% of the mechanical energy of the
system is absorbed by the aluminum, what is its temperature increase at the bottom of the incline?
(Specific heat for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C.) 0.07 C°

Carly places one end of a steel bar in a Bunsen flame and the other end in an ice cube. By what factor
is the rate of heat flow changed when the bar's cross-sectional area is doubled? 2

A 0.20-kg object is attached to a spring with spring constant k = 10 N/m and moves with simple
harmonic motion over a horizontal, frictionless surface. At the instant that it is displaced from
equilibrium by −0.060 m, what is its acceleration? 3.0 m/s2

A person has a thermal conductivity of 0.18 W/m·K between his inner core and his skin with an
effective shell thickness of 1.6 cm between his core and skin. If his inner core is at the normal 98.6°F,
and his skin has a surface area of 1.62 m2, what will be his rate of loss of thermal energy due to
conduction through his skin if his skin temperature is 26.0°C? 200 W

What temperature increase is necessary to increase the power radiated from an object by a factor of 6?
about 57%

Carbon dioxide and water molecules in the atmosphere will absorb: infrared light.

A solar heating system has a 25.0% conversion efficiency; the solar radiation incident on the panels is
950 W/m2. What is the increase in temperature of 26.0 kg of water in a 1.00-h period by a 3.00-m2-
area collector? (cw = 4 186 J/kg⋅°C) 23.6C

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 20.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 160 g of coffee at
85.0°C. (Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat
capacity of the container.) cwater = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C = 4186 J/kg⋅°C 76.7C

The use of fiberglass insulation in the outer walls of a building is intended to minimize heat transfer
through the wall by what process? Conduction

The inside of a house is at 20°C on an early morning when the temperature outside is 15°C. The next
morning the inside temperature is the same but the outside temperature is now 10°C. How much does
the energy per unit time lost by conduction through the walls, windows, doors, etc., change for the
house from the first morning to the second one? The loss doubles.

If cooking is done using an aluminum pan over an electric burner, which of the following will not
promote the rate of heat flow from burner to food? increase pan bottom thickness

A plot of the temperature versus the energy per kg added to a piece of ice as it goes from below
freezing at − 10°C to becoming steam at 110°C consists of straight lines, some horizontal and some
with an upward slope. What do the upward slopes represent? reciprocals of specific heats

Suppose a 0.30-kg mass on a spring that has been compressed 0.20 m has elastic potential energy of
1.0 J. How much further must the spring be compressed to triple the elastic potential energy? 0.15 m

A metal bar is used to conduct heat. When the temperature at one end is 110°C and at the other is
15°C, heat is transferred at a rate of 8 J/s. The bar is then stretched uniformly to twice its original
length. If again it has ends at 110°C and 15°C, at what rate will heat be transferred between it ends? 2
J/s

An inventor develops a stationary cycling device by which an individual, while pedaling, can convert
all of the energy expended into heat for warming water. How much mechanical energy is required to
increase the temperature of 300 g of water (enough for 1 cup of coffee) from 24°C to 95°C? (1 cal =
4.186 J, the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C) 89,000 J

I attach a 2.0-kg block to a spring that obeys Hooke's Law and supply 4.0 J of energy to stretch the
spring. I release the block; it oscillates with period 0.30 s. The amplitude is: 9.5 cm.

Which one of the following processes of heat transfer requires the presence of a fluid? Convection

The oxygen molecule (O2) may be regarded as two masses connected by a spring. In vibrational
motion, each oxygen atom alternately approaches, then moves away from the center of mass of the
system. If each oxygen atom of mass m = 2.67 ×10−26 kg has a vibrational energy of 6.4 × 10−21 J
and the effective spring constant is 50 N/m, then what is the amplitude of oscillation of each oxygen
atom? 1.6 × 10−11 m

A 5-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic free expansion (a rapid expansion into a vacuum),
going from an initial volume of 20 L to a final volume of 40 L. How much work is done on the system
during this adiabatic free expansion? zero

When gasoline is burned, it gives off 43,000 J/g of heat energy. If an automobile uses 12.6 kg of
gasoline per hour with an efficiency of 23%, what is the average horsepower output of the engine? (1
hp = 746 W) 46 hp

An electrical generating plant operates at a boiler temperature of 223°C and exhausts the unused heat
into a nearby river at 20°C. If the generating plant has a power output of 890 megawatts (MW) and if
the actual efficiency is 3/4 the theoretical efficiency, how much heat per second must be delivered to
the boiler? (0°C = 273 K) 2,899 MW

A thermodynamic process that happens very quickly tends to be: adiabatic

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the sum of the heat gained by a system and the work
done on that same system is equivalent to which of the following? internal energy change

Sound waves of a certain frequency in air having a wavelength of 1.9 m will have what wavelength in
water? Take the speed of sound in air to be 340 m/s and in water to be 1 490 m/s. 8.3 m

According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following applies to the heat received
from a high temperature reservoir by a heat engine operating in a complete cycle? cannot be
completely converted to work

Heat is applied to an ice-water mixture to melt some of the ice. In this process: the internal energy
increases.

On a P-V diagram, an ____ process is represented by a horizontal line. isobaric

A piece of aluminum has density 2.70 g/cm3 and mass 751 g. The aluminum is submerged in a
container of oil (oil's density = 0.650 g/cm3). How much oil does the metal displace? 278 cm3
An ideal fluid, of density 0.85 × 103 kg/m3, flows at 0.27 kg/s through a pipe of radius 0.018 m. What
is the fluid speed? 0.31 m/s

A bucket of water with total mass 23 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn, is wound around a 0.080-
m radius cylinder at the top of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.5 m is attached to the end of
the cylinder. What minimum force directed perpendicular to the crank handle is required to just raise
the bucket? (Assume the rope's mass is negligible, that the cylinder turns on frictionless bearings, and
that g = 9.8 m/s2.) 36 N

An astronaut is on a 100-m lifeline outside a spaceship, circling the ship with an angular speed of
0.100 rad/s. How far inward can she be pulled before the centripetal acceleration reaches 4g = 39.2
m/s2? 70.6 m

A baseball pitcher, loosening up his arm before a game, tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of
his forearm, 0.30 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a
speed of 22 m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what is the average angular acceleration of the arm and ball? 183.3
rad/s2

An 800-N billboard worker stands on a 4.0-m scaffold weighing 500 N and supported by vertical
ropes at each end. How far would the worker stand from one of the supporting ropes to produce a
tension of 770 N in that rope? 1.4 m

A baseball pitcher loosens up his pitching arm. He tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of his
forearm, 0.32 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a speed of
24 m/s in a time of 0.40 s, what torque is applied to the ball while being held by the pitcher's hand to
produce the angular acceleration? 2.9 N m

The filament temperature of a light bulb is 2,050 K when the bulb delivers 45 W of power. If its
emissivity remains constant, what power is delivered when the filament temperature is 2,450 K? 92 W
Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property?
temperature

A bucket filled with water has a mass of 23 kg and is attached to a rope, which in turn, is wound
around a 0.080-m radius cylinder at the top of a well. What torque does the weight of water and bucket
produce on the cylinder if the cylinder is not permitted to rotate? (g = 9.8 m/s2) 18 N m

An object of radius R and moment of inertia I rolls down an incline of height H after starting from
rest. Its total kinetic energy at the bottom of the incline: cannot be found from the given
information alone.

When an artery gets a constricted region due to plaque, how does the pressure in this region compare
to the pressure in an unconstricted region adjacent? In the constricted region the blood moves at a
higher speed than in the unconstricted region resulting in a decreased pressure.

The quantity "pressure" expressed in terms of the fundamental quantities (mass, length, time) is
equivalent to: ML−1T−2.

How much power is theoretically available from a mass flow of 1 100 kg/s of water that falls a vertical
distance of 110 m? 1 186 kW

If a nonzero torque is applied to an object, that object will experience: an angular acceleration.

A ventilation fan has blades 0.20 m in radius rotating at 40 rpm. What is the tangential speed of each
blade tip? 0.84 m/s

A 2.0 cm x 2.0 cm steel rod of length 80 cm has its left end clamped and a force of 2.0 x 10^5N
applied perpendicular to its length at its right end. By how much does the right end shift from its
original position? For steel Young's modulus is 2 x 10611 Pa, the bulk modulus is 1.4 x 10^11 Pa, and
the shear modulus is 8.1 x 10^10 Pa. 4.9 x 106-3 m

Tripling the weight suspended vertically from a coil spring will result in a change in the displacement
of the spring's lower end by what factor? 3.0

The position of a 0.63-kg mass undergoing simple harmonic motion is given by x = (0.160 m)
cos (πt/16). What is the maximum net force on the mass as it oscillates? 3.9 × 10−3 N

The density of a certain solid is 7.2 × 103 kg/m3, and its Young's modulus is 8.0 × 1010 N/m2. What
is the speed of sound in this material? 3300 m/s

Which is not an example of approximate simple harmonic motion? A ball bouncing on the floor.

While standing at a crosswalk, you hear a frequency of 540 Hz from an approaching police car. After
the police car passes, its frequency is 480 Hz. What is the speed of the police car? (speed of sound =
340 m/s) 20.0 m/s

Triple the mass per unit length of a guitar string will result in changing the wave speed in the string by
what factor? 0.58
The wavelength of a traveling wave can be calculated if one knows the: frequency and speed.

When one note is above another note by an octave, the frequency of the higher pitch note is double
that of the lower pitch note. The word octave may make you think that there are 8 steps from the lower
note to the one an octave above. But wait! How many steps are there on a piano from middle C to the
next C above? Each key is a step. If each next key is a step, how many are there? Middle C is a white
(W) key and the next note above is a black (B) key. Starting at middle C on the piano the sequence of
key we go through to get to high C, is BWBWWBWBWBWW, the last key being high C. Count ‘em.
That's 12 steps. If the multiplying factor of the frequency for the next step is the same for each step,
what is that multiplying frequency? All you need is given in this problem statement. 21/12

The speed of sound in air is a function of which one of the following? temperature

The inside of a house is at 20 째 C on an early morning when the temperature outside is 15 째 C. The
next morning the inside temperature is the same, but the outside temperature is now 5 째 C. How
much does the energy per unit time lost by conduction through the walls, windows, doors, etc., change
for the house from the first morning to the second one. The loss triples.

What is the intensity level of a sound with intensity of 4.0 × 10−10 W/m2? ( I0 = 10−12 W/m2 )
26 dB

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 20.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 160 g of coffee at
90.0°C. (Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat
capacity of the container, and cwater = 1.00 cal/g·°C = 4186 J/kg·°C) 81.1 C

In which part of the ear is the cochlea? inner ear

Which of the following ranges corresponds to the longest wavelengths? Infrasonic

When the standing wave pattern in a pipe is NANA, the pipe has which of the following set of
properties? (N stands for node, A for antinode.) It is open at one end and closed at the other end.

A puddle holds 150 g of water. If 0.75 g of water evaporates from the surface, what is the approximate
temperature change of the remaining water? (Lv = 540 cal/g) -2.7 C

The motion of a piston in an automobile engine is nearly simple harmonic. If the 1-kg piston travels
back and forth over a total distance of 13.6 cm, what is its maximum speed when the engine is
running at 3,600 rpm? 12.82 m/s

The P-V diagram of a cyclic process shows a curve that encloses an area. The work done by the heat
engine, represented by the enclosed area, is positive when the path around the area proceeds in which
of the following fashions? clockwise

A silver bar of length 30 cm and cross-sectional area 2.0 cm2 is used to transfer heat from a 100°C
reservoir to a 0°C block of ice. How much ice is melted per second? (For silver, k = 427 W / m · °C.
For ice, Lf = 334,000 J/kg.) 0.085 g/s

The term "timbre" refers to which of the following? The quality of sound from instruments due to
the mixture of harmonics.
An automobile gas tank is filled to its capacity of 20.00 gallons with the gasoline at an initial
temperature of 10°C. The automobile is parked in the Sun causing the gasoline's temperature to rise to
60°C. If the coefficient of volume expansion for gasoline is 9.6 × 10−4/°C, what volume runs out the
overflow tube? Assume the change in volume of the tank is negligible. 0.96 gallon

A car with bad shocks bounces up and down with a period of 1.78 s after hitting a bump. The car has a
mass of 1,400 kg and is supported by four springs of force constant k. What is k for each spring? 4,361
N/m

In an isovolumetric process where the pressure increases, are the heat absorbed, work done by the
system, and the change in internal energy of the system positive, negative, or zero? Q is +, W is 0,
and ΔU is +.

Waves propagate at 4.0 m/s along a stretched string. The end of the string is vibrated up and down
once every 3.0 s. What is the wavelength of the waves that travel along the string? 12 m

Two cars, one in front of the other, are traveling down the highway at 25 m/s. The car behind sounds
its horn, which has a frequency of 540 Hz. What is the frequency heard by the driver of the lead car?
(vsound = 340 m/s) 540 Hz

What is the fourth overtone frequency for an organ pipe 2 m in length, closed at one end? The speed of
sound in air is 340 m/s. 383 Hz

System 1 is 2.9 moles of a monatomic ideal gas held at a constant volume as it undergoes a
temperature increase. System 2 is 2.9 moles of a diatomic ideal gas held at constant volume as it also
undergoes a temperature increase. The thermal energy absorbed by System 1 is Q1, and the thermal
energy absorbed by System 2 is Q2 as both systems undergo a temperature increase of 74.9 K. What is
the ratio Q1/Q2? 0.60

If I double the mass per unit length of guitar string, its natural frequency changes by what factor? 0.71

A 1.5-m string is held fixed at both ends. When driven by a 180-Hz source, the string vibrates in 3
distinct segments. What is the natural fundamental frequency of the string? 60 Hz

A steel piano string is attached, under tension, at each end to secure posts. When gently struck, a faint
note can be detected coming from the string. The string is then cooled by blowing cold air over it and
then is struck again. How does the note now detected compare to the previous one. It is at a higher
frequency than the original one.

For a standing wave on a string the wavelength must equal: twice the distance between adjacent
nodes.

In the afternoon, the decibel level of a busy freeway is 80 dB with 100 cars passing a given point
every minute. Late at night, the traffic flow is only 8 cars per minute. What is the late-night decibel
level? 69 dB

On a PV diagram, 2 curves are plotted, both starting at the same point (P1, V1) and both ending at the
same increased volume (V2). One curve is for an isothermal process; the other is for an adiabatic
process. Except for the common starting point, which curve is the upper one? The isothermal process
curve will always be the upper one.

What is the next harmonic frequency over the fundamental for an organ pipe 1.50 m in length, closed
at one end? The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. 170 Hz

Quadrupling both the tension in a guitar string and its mass per unit length will result in changing the
wave speed in the string by what factor? 1.00 (i.e., no change)

A 2.11-kg block of ice is at STP (0°C, 1 atm) while it melts completely to water. What is its change in
entropy? (For ice, Lf = 3.34 × 105 J/kg) 2,581 J/K

What is the cause of refraction of a wave traveling from one medium to another? There is a speed
change due to the change in the medium.

Two stars, A and B, have the same emissivity, but the radii and surface temperatures are different
with RA = 2 RB, and TA = 0.5 TB. Assuming the temperature of space to be negligible, which star
radiates the most energy per unit time? Star B

For a wave traveling in a string, by what factor would the tension need to be increased to triple the
wave speed? 9

If an ideal gas does positive work on its surroundings, we may assume, with regard to the gas: volume
increases.

If a guitar string has a fundamental frequency of 531 Hz, what is the frequency of its third overtone?
2,124 Hz

Standing waves can result from _____ waves. both longitudinal and transverse

Spring #1 has spring constant 80 N/m. Spring #2 has an unknown spring constant, but when connected
in series with Spring #1, the connected springs have an effective force constant of 20 N/m. What is the
spring constant for Spring #2? 27 N/m

The number of overtones, and their relative intensities, is associated with what property of the tone
generated by a musical instrument? Quality

I place a 250-g ice cube (initially at 0°C) in a Styrofoam box with wall thickness 1.0 cm and total
surface area 600 cm2. If the air surrounding the box is at 20°C and after 2 hours the ice is completely
melted, what is the conductivity of the Styrofoam material? (Lf = 80 cal/g) 2.3 x 10^-4 cal/s / cm. C

A C note (f = 256 Hz) is sounded on a piano. If the length of the piano wire is 1.8 m and its mass
density is 2.9 g/m, what is the tension in the wire? 2,463 N

Two springs, each with spring constant 20 N/m, are connected in parallel, and the combination is hung
vertically from one end. A 50-N weight is then suspended from the other end of the combined spring.
How far does the combined spring stretch as it comes to equilibrium? 1.25 m
 A 3.00 g lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 300 m/s when it embeds in a wood post. If we assume
that half of the resultant heat energy generated remains with the bullet, what is the increase in
temperature of the embedded bullet? (specific heat of lead = 0.0305 kcal/kg· °C, 1 kcal = 4186 J) 176
C

An object is attached to a spring and its frequency of oscillation is measured. Then another object is
connected to the first object, and the resulting mass is three times the original value. By what factor is
the frequency of oscillation changed? 0.58

When car shock absorbers wear out and lose their damping ability, what is the resulting oscillating
behavior? Underdamped

The position of a 0.72-kg mass undergoing simple harmonic motion is given by x = (0.160 m) cos (πt/12).
What is its period of oscillation? 24 s

A system is acted on by its surroundings in such a way that it receives 50 J of heat while
simultaneously doing 20 J of work. What is its net change in internal energy? 30 J

A very loud train whistle has an acoustic power output of 96 W. If the sound energy spreads out
spherically, what is the intensity level in dB at a distance of 96 meters from the train? (I0 =
10−12W/m2) 89 dB

Doubling the displacement from equilibrium of an object in simple harmonic motion will bring about
a change in the magnitude of the object's acceleration by what factor? 2.0

A swimming pool heater has to be able to raise the temperature of the 30,000 gallons of water in the
pool by 10.0°C. How many kilowatt-hours of energy are required? (One gallon of water has a mass of
approximately 3.79 kg and the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg · °C.) 1320 kWh

How much thermal energy must be added to 7.4 moles of a diatomic ideal gas to raise its temperature
22.4 K? 3,444 J

How much heat energy must be removed from 150 g of oxygen at 22°C to liquefy it at −183°C? (The
specific heat of oxygen gas is 0.218 cal/g·°C, and its heat of vaporization is 50.9 cal/g.) 14,300 cal

Which of the following choices best corresponds to what is required by the second law of
thermodynamics for any process taking place in an isolated system? entropy increases

Which of the following has the highest specific heat? water

or a standing wave on a string the wavelength must equal: twice the distance between
adjacent nodes.

In the afternoon, the decibel level of a busy freeway is 80 dB with 100 cars passing a given point
every minute. Late at night, the traffic flow is only 8 cars per minute. What is the late-night decibel
level? 69 dB

In the afternoon, the decibel level of a busy freeway is 89 dB with 90 cars passing a given point
every minute. Late at night, the traffic flow is only 5 cars per minute. What is the late-night decibel
level? 76 dB
What is the next harmonic frequency over the fundamental for an organ pipe 1.50 m in length,
closed at one end? The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. 170 Hz

A long string is pulled so that the tension in it increases by a factor of four. If the change in length
is negligible, by what factor does the wave speed change? 2.0
The term "timbre" refers to which of the following? The quality of sound from instruments due
to the mixture of harmonics

A 1.5-m string is held fixed at both ends. When driven by a 180-Hz source, the string vibrates in 3
distinct segments. What is the natural fundamental frequency of the string? 60 Hz

Spring #1 has spring constant 80 N/m. Spring #2 has an unknown spring constant, but when
connected in series with Spring #1, the connected springs have an effective force constant of 20
N/m. What is the spring constant for Spring #2? 27 N/m

The P-V diagram of a cyclic process shows a curve that encloses an area. The work done by the
heat engine, represented by the enclosed area, is positive when the path around the area
proceeds in which of the following fashions? Clockwise

A very loud train whistle has an acoustic power output of 96 W. If the sound energy spreads out
spherically, what is the intensity level in dB at a distance of 96 meters from the train? (I0 = 10−12
W/m2) 89 dB

Which of the following choices best corresponds to what is required by the second law of
thermodynamics for any process taking place in an isolated system? entropy increases

A car with bad shocks bounces up and down with a period of 1.78 s after hitting a bump. The car
has a mass of 1,400 kg and is supported by four springs of force constant k. What is k for each
spring? 4,361 N/m

Of the frequencies listed below, to which one is the human ear most sensitive? 3 300 Hz

An automobile gas tank is filled to its capacity of 20.00 gallons with the gasoline at an initial
temperature of 10°C. The automobile is parked in the Sun causing the gasoline's temperature to
rise to 60°C. If the coefficient of volume expansion for gasoline is 9.6 × 10−4/°C, what volume
runs out the overflow tube? Assume the change in volume of the tank is negligible. 0.96 gallon

How much heat energy must be removed from 150 g of oxygen at 22°C to liquefy it at −183°C?
(The specific heat of oxygen gas is 0.218 cal/g·°C, and its heat of vaporization is 50.9 cal/g.)
14,300 cal

A steel piano string is attached, under tension, at each end to secure posts. When gently struck, a
faint note can be detected coming from the string. The string is then cooled by blowing cold air
over it and then is struck again. How does the note now detected compare to the previous one.It
is at a higher frequency than the original one

In an isovolumetric process where the pressure increases, are the heat absorbed, work done by
the system, and the change in internal energy of the system positive, negative, or zero? Q is +, W
is 0, and ΔU is +

A radar pulse is bounced off the Moon at a distance of 400,000 km. What is the time from the
transmitting of the pulse until its return? 2.67 s

Waves propagate at 4.0 m/s along a stretched string. The end of the string is vibrated up and
down once every 3.0 s. What is the wavelength of the waves that travel along the string? 12 m

Standing waves can result from _____ waves. both longitudinal and transverse

If one could transport a simple pendulum of constant length from the Earth's surface to the
Moon's, where the acceleration due to gravity is one-sixth (1/6) that on the Earth, by what factor
would the pendulum frequency be changed? about 0.41

Which of the following best describes a sound level of intensity 10-6 W/m2? normal
conversation

An object is attached to a spring and its frequency of oscillation is measured. Then another object
is connected to the first object, and the resulting mass is three times the original value. By what
factor is the frequency of oscillation changed? 0.58

Quadrupling the tension in a guitar string will change its natural frequency by what factor? 2.0

Which of the following has the highest specific heat? Water

By what amount does the sound intensity decrease when the distance to the source triples? 10
dB

On a PV diagram, 2 curves are plotted, both starting at the same point (P1, V1) and both ending
at the same increased volume (V2). One curve is for an isothermal process; the other is for an
adiabatic process. Except for the common starting point, which curve is the upper one? The
isothermal process curve will always be the upper one.

System 1 is 2.9 moles of a monatomic ideal gas held at a constant volume as it undergoes a
temperature increase. System 2 is 2.9 moles of a diatomic ideal gas held at constant volume as it
also undergoes a temperature increase. The thermal energy absorbed by System 1 is , and the
thermal energy absorbed by System 2 is as both systems undergo a temperature increase of
74.9 K. What is the ratio ? 0.60

If an ideal gas does positive work on its surroundings, we may assume, with regard to the gas:
volume increases

Two cars, one in front of the other, are traveling down the highway at 25 m/s. The car behind
sounds its horn, which has a frequency of 540 Hz. What is the frequency heard by the driver of
the lead car? (vsound = 340 m/s) 540 Hz

A 0.50-m radius automobile tire accelerates from rest at a constant 3 rad/s2. What is the
centripetal acceleration of a point on the outer edge of the tire after 6 s? 162 m/s2

Consider the use of the terms "rotation" and "revolution". In physics: the words have different
meaning.

A relatively new medical device that uses ultrasonics is referred to by the acronym CUSA. What
does the letter A stand for? aspirator

An object consists of a rod (of length 3.0 m and negligible moment of inertia) to which four small
2.0-kg masses are attached, one at each end and one at each point on the rod 1.0 m from each
end. (The masses are one meter apart.) The moment of inertia of this object about an axis
perpendicular to the rod and through one of the end masses:is 28 kg·m2.
An avalanche of ice and snow of mass 1,900 kg slides a vertical distance of 170 m down a
mountainside. If the temperature of the ice, snow, mountain and surrounding air are all at 0°C,
what is the change in entropy of the universe? 11,595 J/K

A sound wave in air has a frequency of 510 Hz and a wavelength of 0.66 m. What is the air
temperature?9°C

Which of the following best describes a sound level of intensity 1 W/m2? extremely loud

If the intensity of a sound is increased by a factor of 1000, how is the decibel level changed? The
new decibel level will be: thirty times greater.

A 2.0-m long piano string of mass 40 g is under a tension of 338 N. Find the speed with which a
wave travels on this string.130 m/s

A rotating flywheel can be used as a method to store energy. If it has 2.0 × 106 J of kinetic energy
when rotating at 350 rad/s, and if a frictional torque of 4.0 Nm acts on the system, in what interval
of time would the flywheel come to rest? 47.6 min

A 16 000-N car on a hydraulic lift rests on a cylinder with a piston of radius 0.10 m. If a connecting
cylinder with a piston of 0.050-m radius is driven by compressed air, what force must be applied
to this smaller piston in order to lift the car? 4 000 N

Material 1 has Young's modulus Y1 and density ρ1, and material 2 has Young's modulus Y2 and
density ρ2. If Y1 is 30% more than Y2 and ρ1 is 30% less than ρ2, which material has the higher
speed of sound and how much higher is it? Material 1 has a speed of sound more than 35%
higher than material 2.

Dmitri places one end of a copper rod in a heat reservoir and the other end in a heat sink. By
what factor is the rate of heat flow changed when the temperature difference between the
reservoir and sink is doubled? 2.0

In an isovolumetric process by an ideal gas, the system's heat gain is equivalent to a change in:
internal energy.

Wave #1 has frequency f1 and wavelength λ1. Wave #2 has frequency f2 = 6 f1 and wavelength
λ2 = 2λ1. How does the speed v2 of wave #2 compare with the speed v1 of wave #1? v2 = 12v1

A bucket filled with water has a mass of 23 kg and is attached to a rope, which in turn, is wound
around a 0.080-m radius cylinder at the top of a well. What torque does the weight of water and
bucket produce on the cylinder if the cylinder is not permitted to rotate? (g = 9.8 m/s2) 18 N·m

Quadrupling the distance between sound source and a listener will change the intensity, as
detected by the listener, by what factor? 1/16

If one-fourth of the members of a symphony orchestra are absent because of head colds, thus
reducing the overall intensity of sound by 25%, what will be the reduction in the decibel level? 1.2
dB

A bat, flying at 3.00 m/s toward a wall, emits a chirp at 50.0 kHz. If the wall reflects this sound
pulse, what is the frequency of the echo received by the bat? (vsound = 340 m/s) 50.9 kHz

Two identical springs, each with spring constant k, are attached in parallel to a mass, which is
then set into simple harmonic motion. What would be the spring constant of a single spring which
would result in the same frequency of oscillation as the parallel springs? 2k
A 20-kg piece of aluminum (which has a specific heat of 900 J/kg · °C) is warmed so that its
temperature increases by 5.0°C. How much heat was transferred into it? 9.0 × 104 J

For a wave on the ocean, the amplitude is: one half the height difference between a crest and
a trough.

A brass cube, 10 cm on a side, is raised in temperature by 150°C. The coefficient of volume

expansion of brass is 57 × 10−6/°C. By what percentage does volume increase? 0.86%

If two adjacent frequencies of an organ pipe closed at one end are 515 Hz and 625 Hz, what is
the length of the organ pipe? (vsound = 340 m/s) 1.5 m

120 g of liquid nitrogen at its boiling point of 77 K is stirred into a beaker containing 520 g of 15°C
water. If the nitrogen leaves the solution as soon as it turns to gas, how much water freezes? The
heat of vaporization of nitrogen is 48 cal/g and that of water is 80 cal/g. none

As a gust of wind blows across a field of grain, a wave can be seen to move across the field as
the tops of the plants sway back and forth. This wave is a: longitudinal wave.

An earthquake emits both P-waves and S-waves that travel at different speeds through the Earth.
A P-wave travels at 8,000 m/s and an S-wave at 5,000 m/s. If P-waves are received at a seismic
station 59.9 s before an S-wave arrives, how far is the station from the earthquake center? 799
km

A tetherball is attached to a pole with a 2.0-m rope. It is circling at 0.20 rev/s. As the rope wraps
around the pole, it shortens. How long is the rope when the ball is moving at 6.0 m/s? 0.83 m

A tuning fork is sounded above a resonating tube (one end closed), which resonates at a length of
0.2 m and again at 1 m. What is the frequency of the fork when the speed of sound is taken to be
340 m/s? 283 Hz

A container is filled with water and the pressure at the container bottom is P. If the container is
instead filled with oil having specific gravity 0.80, what new bottom pressure results? a pressure
<P

A hoop with mass, M, and radius, R, rolls along a level surface without slipping with a linear
speed, v. What is the ratio of rotational to linear kinetic energy? (For a hoop, I = MR2.) 1/1

A large stone is resting on the bottom of the swimming pool. The normal force of the bottom of the
pool on the stone is equal to the: difference between the weight of the stone and the weight
of the displaced water.

A turntable has a moment of inertia of 3.00 × 10−2 kg·m2 and spins freely on a frictionless
bearing at 25.0 rev/min. A 0.600-kg ball of putty is dropped vertically onto the turntable and sticks
at a point 0.100 m from the center. What is the new rate of rotation of the system? 20.8 rev/min
A 2-m long piano string of mass 10 g is under a tension of 322 N. Find the speed with which a
wave travels on this string. 254 m/s

A 45-g cube of ice, initially at 0.0°C, is dropped into 220 g of water in an 80-g aluminum container,
both initially at 25°C. What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for aluminum is 900
J/kg⋅°C, the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C, and Lf = 3.33 × 105 J/kg.) 8.3°C

An 80-kg man is one fourth of the way up a 10-m ladder that is resting against a smooth,
frictionless wall. If the ladder has a mass of 30 kg and it makes an angle of 60° with the ground,
find the force of friction of the ground on the foot of the ladder. 2.0 × 102 N

A windowpane is half a centimeter thick and has an area of 0.7 m2. The temperature difference
between the inside and outside surfaces of the pane is 15 °C. What is the rate of heat flow
through this window? (Thermal conductivity for glass is 0.84 J/s ⋅m⋅°C.) 1,800 J/s

A bucket of water with total mass 22 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a
0.04-m radius cylinder at the top of a well. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and
released. The bucket is moving with a speed of 7.0 m/s upon hitting the water surface in the well.
What is the angular speed of the cylinder at this instant? 175 rad/s

A baseball pitcher loosens up his pitching arm. He tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of
his forearm, 0.26 m in length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a
speed of 23 m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what torque is applied to the ball while being held by the
pitcher's hand to produce the angular acceleration? 2.2 N·m

A ventilation fan with a moment of inertia of 0.034 kg·m2 has a net torque of 0.11 Nm applied to it.
If it starts from rest, what kinetic energy will it have8.0 s later? 11.4 J

If a 2100-kg car was moving at 30 m/s, what would be its kinetic energy expressed in the unusual
(for kinetic energy) units of calories? (1 cal = 4.186 J) 2.3 × 105 CorrectCorrect

The kinetic energy of the bob on a simple pendulum swinging in simple harmonic motion has its
maximum value when the displacement from equilibrium is at what point in its swing? zero
displacement

To double the total energy of a simple harmonic oscillator, by what factor should the amplitude
change? 2/2

Quintupling the power output from a speaker emitting a single frequency will result in what
increase in loudness? 7.0 dB

I take 1.1 kg of ice and dump it into 1.0 kg of water and, when equilibrium is reached, I have 2.1
kg of ice at 0°C. The water was originally at 0°C. The specific heat of water = 1.00 kcal/kg ⋅°C, the
specific heat of ice = 0.50 kcal/kg⋅°C, and the latent heat of fusion of water is 80 kcal/kg. The
original temperature of the ice was: -145°C.

A solid sphere of mass 2.5 kg and radius 0.12 m starts from rest at the top of a ramp inclined 15°
and rolls to the bottom. The upper end of the ramp is 1.0 m higher than the lower end. What is the
linear speed of the sphere when it reaches the bottom of the ramp? (Note: I = 0.4MR2 for a solid
sphere, and g = 9.8 m/s2.) 3.7 m/s

A bucket of water with total mass 28 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a
0.04 m radius cylinder at the top of a well. A crank with aturning radius of 0.20 m is attached to
the end of the cylinder and the moment of inertia of cylinder and crank is 0.11 kg×m2. If the
bucket is raised to the top of the well and released, what is the acceleration of the bucket as it
falls toward the bottom of the well? (Assume rope's mass is negligible, that cylinder turns on
frictionless bearings and that g = 9.8 m/s2.) 2.8 m/s2

A steel wire, 100 m long at 10°C, has a coefficient of linear expansion of 11 × 10−6/°C. Give its
change in length as the temperature changes from 10°C to 45°C. 3.8 cm

The air in a pipe resonates at 110 Hz and 330 Hz, one of these resonances being the
fundamental. If the pipe is open at both ends, how many resonances are between the two given
ones, and if the pipe is closed at one end, how many resonances are between the two given
ones? open: 1; closed: 0
A mass of 0.40 kg, hanging from a spring with a spring constant of 160 N/m, is set into an up-and-
down simple harmonic motion. What is the speed of the mass when moving through a point at
0.05 m displacement? The starting displacement of the mass is 0.10 m from its equilibrium
position. 1.7 m/s
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Stemc- Compilation- Physics

Bachelor of Science in Accountancy (Ateneo de Naga University)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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How many nodes does a standing wave in a string have at the frequency of the sixth harmonic?

The answer is not given.

The adiabatic index of a gas is given by which of the following?
CP /CV

If a radio wave has speed 3.61 × 108 m/s and frequency 94.1 MHz, what is its wavelength?

3.84 m

A phase difference of 480° corresponds to what wavelength difference?

4λ/3

The superposition principle has to do with which of the following?

how displacements of interacting waves add together

While standing at a crosswalk, you hear a frequency of 540 Hz from an approaching police car. After the police car passes, its
frequency is 480 Hz. What is the speed of the police car? (speed of sound = 340 m/s)
20.0 m/s

If a long spring with spring constant k is cut into 4 equal lengths, what is the spring constant of each of the 4 shorter springs?

It is 4k.

The SI base units for spring constant are which of the following?

kg/s2

Two tuning forks sounding together result in a beat frequency of 3 Hz. If the frequency of one of the forks is 512 Hz, what is the
frequency of the other?
509 Hz or 515 Hz

A person consumes 2,000 kcal/day while expending 3,500 kcal/day. In a month's time, about how much weight would this
person lose if the loss were essentially all from body fat? (Body fat has an energy content of about 4 100 kcal per pound.)

11 pounds

A bucket of water with total mass 23 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.050-m radius cylinder at the top
of a well. The bucket is raised to the top of the well and released. The bucket is moving with a speed of 6.0 m/s upon hitting the
water surface in the well. What is the angular speed of
120 rad/s

A bank vault is opened by applying a force of 300 N perpendicular to the plane of the door, 1.2 m from the hinges. Find the
torque due to this force about an axis through the hinges.
360 N·m

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By what factor is the total pressure greater at a depth of 890 m in water than at the surface where pressure is one atmosphere?
(water density = 1.0 × 10 kg/m , 1 atmosphere pressure = 1.01 × 10 N/m , and g = 9.8 m/s )
3 3 5 2 2

86

Who demonstrated that when heat is gained or lost by a system during some process, the gain or loss can be accounted for by an
equivalent quantity of mechanical work done on the system?
Joule

A 0.30-m radius automobile tire rotates how many rad after starting from rest and accelerating at a constant 4.0 rad/s over a 3.0-s
2

interval?
18 rad

An object of mass m and moment of inertia I has rotational kinetic energy KE . Its angular momentum is: R

(2 IKE ) .
R
1/2

A uniform, horizontal beam of length 6.0 m and weight 140 N is attached at one end to a wall by a pin connection (so that it may
rotate). A cable attached to the wall above the pin supports the opposite end. The cable makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal.
What is the tension in the cable needed to maintain the beam in equilibrium?
81 N

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A simple pendulum has a mass of 0.50 kg and a length of 1.0 m. It is displaced through an angle of 30° and then released. After a
time, the maximum angle of swing is only 10°. How much energy has been lost to friction?
0.58 J

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

Halving the mass of the bob on a simple pendulum will cause a change in the frequency of the pendulum swing by what factor?
1.0

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

Doubling the weight suspended vertically from a coil spring will result in a change in the displacement of the spring's lower end
by what factor?
2.0

A bowling ball has a mass of 7.0 kg, a moment of inertia of 2.8 × 10 kg·m , and a radius of 0.10 m. If it rolls down the lane
−2 2

without slipping at a linear speed of 5.0 m/s, what is its angular speed?
50 rad/s

A spool of thread has an average radius of 1.00 cm. If the spool contains 135 m of thread, how many turns of thread are on the
spool? "Average radius" allows us to not need to treat the layering of threads on lower layers.
2,200

A 0.40-m radius automobile tire accelerates from rest at a constant 2.0 rad/s over a 5.0 s interval. What is the tangential
2

component of acceleration for a point on the outer edge of the tire during the 5.0-s interval?

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0.80 m/s 2

What temperature increase is necessary to increase the power radiated from an object by a factor of 6?
about 57%

A 3.0-kg mass is placed at (4.0, 5.0) m, and a 6.0-kg mass is placed at (4.0, −5.0) m. What is the moment of inertia of this system
of masses about the z axis?
369 kg·m 2

Legend says that Archimedes, in determining whether or not the king's crown was made of pure gold, measured its volume by the
water displacement method. If the density of gold is 19.3 g/cm , and the crown's mass is 610 g, what volume would be necessary
3

to prove that it is pure gold?

31.6 cm 3

How does the heat energy from the sun reach us through the vacuum of space?
radiation

Which of the following produces greenhouse gases?

all of the above

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

Three identical springs, each with spring constant k, are attached in parallel to a mass, which is then set into simple harmonic
motion. What would be the spring constant of a single spring which would result in the same frequency of oscillation as the
parallel springs?
3k

A copper wire of length 2.0 m, cross sectional area 7.1 × 10 m and Young's modulus 11 × 10 N/m has a 180-kg load hung on it.
−6 2 10 2

What is its increase in length? (g = 9.8 m/s )

2

4.5 mm

How many calories are equal to one BTU? (One calorie = 4.186 J, one BTU = 1 054 J.)
252

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A simple pendulum of length 2.00 m has a mass of 100 g attached. It is drawn back 30.0° and then released. What is the
maximum speed of the mass?
2.29 m/s

A plot of the temperature versus the energy per kg added to a piece of ice as it goes from below freezing at − 10°C to becoming
steam at 110°C consists of straight lines, some horizontal and some with an upward slope. What do the upward slopes represent?
reciprocals of specific heats

A rod of length L is hinged at one end. The moment of inertia as the rod rotates around that hinge is ML /3. Suppose a 2.0 m rod
2

with a mass of 3 kg is hinged at one end and is held in a horizontal position. The rod is released as the free end is allowed to fall.
What is the angular acceleration as it is released?
7.35 rad/s 2

A jet of water flowing from a hose at 16 m/s is directed against a wall. If the mass flow in the fluid stream is 2.0 kg/s, what force
is the water applying to the wall if backsplash is negligible?
32 N

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What is the temperature increase of 5.0 kg of water when heated by an 1,000-W immersion heater for 7 min? (c = 4 186 J/kg⋅°C)
w

20.07°C

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A 0.40-kg object, attached to a spring with spring constant k = 10 N/m, is moving on a horizontal, frictionless surface in simple
harmonic motion of amplitude of 0.080 m. What is its speed at the instant when its displacement is 0.040 m? (Hint: Use
conservation of energy.)
35 cm/s

What temperature increase is necessary to increase the power radiated from an object by a factor of 6?
about 57%

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

Suppose a 0.30-kg mass on a spring that has been compressed 0.20 m has elastic potential energy of 1.0 J. How much further
must the spring be compressed to triple the elastic potential energy?
0.15 m

A bucket of water with total mass 23 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn, is wound around a 0.080-m radius cylinder at the top
of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.25 m is attached to the end of the cylinder. What minimum force directed
perpendicular to the crank handle is required to just raise the bucket? (Assume the rope's mass is negligible, that the cylinder turns
on frictionless bearings, and that g = 9.8 m/s .)
2

72 N

Which of the following statements is true?

Objects do not contain heat.

A hot (85°C) lump of metal has a mass of 250 g and a specific heat of 0.25 cal/g⋅°C. John drops the metal into a 550-g
calorimeter containing 70 g of water at 24°C. The calorimeter is constructed of a material that has a specific heat of 0.10 cal/
g⋅°C. When equilibrium is reached, what will be the final temperature? c = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C.
water

44°C

A 4.0-kg mass is placed at (3.0, 4.0) m, and a 7.0-kg mass is placed at (3.0, −4.0) m. What is the moment of inertia of this system
of masses about the x axis?
176 kg·m 2

A box slides down a frictionless incline, and a hoop rolls down another incline. Both inclines have the same height, and both the
box and the hoop have the same mass. If both objects start from rest, upon reaching the bottom of the incline which one will have
the greater kinetic energy and which one will have the greater speed?
Both will have the same kinetic energy, but the box will have the greater speed.

If one's hands are being warmed by holding them to one side of a flame, the predominant form of heat transfer is what process?
radiation

When an artery gets a constricted region due to plaque, how does the pressure in this region compare to the pressure in an
unconstricted region adjacent?

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In the constricted region the blood moves at a higher speed than in the unconstricted region resulting in a decreased
pressure.

A bank vault is opened by applying a force of 300 N perpendicular to the plane of the door, 1.2 m from the hinges. Find the
torque due to this force about an axis through the hinges.
360 N·m

9.4 Angular Momentum and Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

A 2.0-kg mass in the xy plane is moving in the negative x direction at 3.0 m/s along the line y = 5.0 m. As the mass passes across
the y axis (i.e., passing the point (x, y = 0, 5.0 m)), what is its angular momentum with respect to the z axis?
30 SI units

The water behind Grand Coulee Dam is 1 200 m wide and 200 m deep. Find the hydrostatic force on the back of the dam. (Hint:
the total force = average pressure × area)
23.52 × 10 N
10

A majorette takes two batons and fastens them together in the middle at right angles to make an "x" shape. Each baton was 0.90 m
long and each ball on the end is 0.20 kg. (Ignore the mass of the rods.) What is the moment of inertia if the arrangement is spun
around an axis through the center perpendicular to both rods?
0.16 kg·m 2

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

The motion of a piston in an automobile engine is nearly simple harmonic. If the 1-kg piston travels back and forth over a
distance of 12.0 cm, what is its maximum speed when the engine is running at 3000 rpm?
22.0 m/s

11.5 Damping and Resonance

A car with bad shocks bounces up and down with a period of 1.50 s after hitting a bump. The car has a mass of 1250 kg and is
supported by four springs of force constant k. What is k for each spring?
5480 N/m

How much power is theoretically available from a mass flow of 1 100 kg/s of water that falls a vertical distance of 110 m?
1 186 kW

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

Doubling the displacement from equilibrium of an object in simple harmonic motion will bring about a change in the magnitude
of the object's acceleration by what factor?
2.0

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

By what factor must one change the weight suspended vertically from a spring coil in order to double its period of simple
harmonic motion?
4

The bulk modulus of a material, as a meaningful physical property, is applicable to which of the following?
solids, liquids and gases

A solid sphere of mass 2.5 kg and radius 0.12 m is at rest at the top of a ramp inclined 15°. It rolls to the bottom without slipping.
The upper end of the ramp is 1.2 m higher than the lower end. Find the sphere's total kinetic energy when it reaches the bottom.
29 J

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11.1 General Features of Harmonic Motion

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 4.0 Hz and an amplitude of 8.0 cm. If a timer is started
when its displacement from equilibrium is a maximum (hence x = 8 cm when t = 0), what is the displacement of the mass
when t = 3.7 s?
0.025 m

A block of wood has density 0.50 g/cm and mass 1 500 g. It floats in a container of oil (the oil's density is 0.75 g/cm ). What
3 3

volume of oil does the wood displace?

2 000 cm 3

A piece of copper of mass 160 g is being drilled through with a / " electric drill. The drill operates at 25.0 W and takes 25.0 s to
1
2

bore through the copper. If all the energy from the drill heats the copper, find the copper's increase in temperature. c = 387
copper

J/kg⋅°C.
10.1 C°

A bucket of water with total mass 30 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn is wound around a 0.050 m radius cylinder at the top
of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.25 m is attached to the end of the cylinder and the moment of inertia of cylinder and
crank is 0.12 kg×m . If the bucket is raised to the top of the well and released, what is the acceleration of the bucket as it falls
2

toward the bottom of the well? (Assume rope's mass is negligible, that cylinder turns on frictionless bearings and that g = 9.8
m/s .)
2

3.8 m/s2

The standard kilogram is a platinum-iridium cylinder 22.0 mm in height and 30.0 mm in diameter. What is the density of the
material?
64.3 g/cm 3

A heavily loaded boat is floating in a pond. The boat starts to sink because of a leak but quick action plugging the leak stops the
boat from going under although it is now deeper in the water. What happens to the surface level of the pond?
It stays the same.

A 40-kg boy is standing on the edge of a stationary 30-kg circular platform that is free to rotate. The boy tries to walk around the
platform in a counterclockwise direction. As he does:
the platform rotates in a clockwise direction while the boy goes around in a counterclockwise direction relative to the
ground.

The condition for onset of turbulent flow is that the Reynolds Number reaches what value?
3 000

A puddle holds 190 g of water. If 1.1 g of water evaporates from the surface, what is the approximate temperature change of the
remaining water? (L = 540 cal/g)
v

−3.1 C°

A uniform bridge span weighs 70.0 × 10 N and is 40.0 m long. An automobile weighing 15.0 × 10 N is parked with its center of
3 3

gravity located 12.0 m from the right pier. What upward support force does the right pier provide?
45.5 × 10 N3

An 800-N billboard worker stands on a 4.0-m scaffold weighing 500 N and supported by vertical ropes at each end. How far
would the worker stand from one of the supporting ropes to produce a tension of 770 N in that rope?
1.4 m

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A majorette takes two batons and fastens them together in the middle at right angles to make an "x" shape. Each baton was 0.60 m
long and each ball on the end is 0.10 kg. (Ignore the mass of the rods.) What is the moment of inertia if the arrangement is spun
around an axis formed by one of the batons?
0.018 kg·m 2

Calculate the linear speed due to the Earth's rotation for a person at a point on its surface located at 60 N latitude. The radius of
o

the Earth is 6.40 × 10 m.

6

233 m/s

How large a force is necessary to stretch a 1-mm-diameter steel wire (Y = 2.0 × 10 N/m ) by 10.0%?
11 2

15.7 × 10 N 3

The inside of a house is at 20°C on an early morning when the temperature outside is 15°C. The next morning the inside
temperature is the same but the outside temperature is now 10°C. How much does the energy per unit time lost by conduction
through the walls, windows, doors, etc., change for the house from the first morning to the second one?
The loss doubles.
A majorette takes two batons and fastens them together in the middle at right angles to make an "x" shape. Each baton was 0.90 m
long and each ball on the end is 0.20 kg. (Ignore the mass of the rods.) What is the moment of inertia if the arrangement is spun
around an axis formed by one of the batons?
0.081 kg·m 2

An automobile accelerates from zero to 30 m/s in 6.0 s. The wheels have a diameter of 1.0 m. What is the average angular
acceleration of each wheel?
10 rad/s2

Which of the following best describes a substance in which the temperature remains constant while at the same time it is
experiencing an inward heat flow?
substance undergoing a change of state

An 900-N billboard worker stands on a 4.0-m scaffold weighing 400 N and supported by vertical ropes at each end. How far
would the worker stand from one of the supporting ropes to produce a tension of 830 N in that rope?
1.2 m

9.4 Angular Momentum and Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

The Earth's gravity exerts no torque on a satellite orbiting the Earth in an elliptical orbit. Compare the motion of the satellite at the
point nearest the Earth (perigee) to the motion at the point farthest from the Earth (apogee). At these two points:
the angular momenta are the same.

An ideal fluid, of density 0.85 × 10 kg/m , flows at 0.27 kg/s through a pipe of radius 0.018 m. What is the fluid speed?
3 3

0.31 m/s

Suppose a car has a 100,000 mile 10 year warranty on the wheels and axles of a car. How may turns will the wheels of 0.80-m
diameter make if both the mileage and time warranties run out simultaneously and what will be the average angular velocities of
the wheel? Assume that a mile = m and that a year is s.

, 0.2 rad/s

Two children seat themselves on a seesaw. The one on the left has a weight of 400 N while the one on the right weighs 300 N.
The fulcrum is at the midpoint of the seesaw. If the child on the right is not at the end but is 1.50 m from the fulcrum and the
seesaw is balanced, what is the torque provided by the weight of the child on the left? (Take ccw as positive.)
450 N·m

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A Ferris wheel, rotating initially at an angular speed of 0.500 rad/s, accelerates over a 7.00-s interval at a rate of 0.0500 rad/s . 2

What angular displacement does the Ferris wheel undergo in this 7.00-s interval?
4.73 rad

The bottom of a flat-bottomed aluminum boat has area = 4.1 m and mass = 61 kg. If two fishermen and their fishing gear with
2

total mass of 315 kg are placed in the boat, how much lower will the boat ride in the water? (H O density = 1.0 × 10 kg/m )
2
3 3

0.077 m

A 5.00-g lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a wood post. If we assume that half of the resultant heat
energy generated remains with the bullet, what is the increase in temperature of the embedded bullet? (specific heat of lead =
0.0305 kcal/kg⋅°C, 1 kcal = 4 186 J)
113°C

A woman who weighs 600 N stands on an 10.0 m long board that weighs 200 N. The board is supported at each end. The support
force at the right end is 3 times the support force at the left end. How far from the right end is the woman standing?
1.7 m

A jet of water flowing from a hose at 16 m/s is directed against a wall. If the mass flow in the fluid stream is 2.0 kg/s, what force
is the water applying to the wall if backsplash is negligible?
32 N

A ceiling fan is turned on and reaches an angular speed of 120 rev/min in 20 s. It is then turned off and coasts to a stop in an
additional 60 s. The ratio of the average angular acceleration for the first 20 s to that for the last 60 s is which of the following?
-3

A ping-pong ball has an average density of 0.0840 g/cm and a diameter of 3.80 cm. What force would be required to keep the
3

ball completely submerged under water?

0.258 N

A copper wire of length 2.0 m, cross sectional area 7.1 × 10 m and Young's modulus 11 × 10 N/m has a 180-kg load hung on it.
−6 2 10 2

What is its increase in length? (g = 9.8 m/s )

2

4.5 mm

A Ferris wheel, rotating initially at an angular speed of 0.50 rad/s, accelerates over a 4.0-s interval at a rate of 0.10 rad/s . What
2

angular displacement does the Ferris wheel undergo in this 7.00-s interval?
2.80 rad

An 80.0-g piece of copper, initially at 290°C, is dropped into 200 g of water contained in a 250-g aluminum calorimeter; the
water and calorimeter are initially at 12.0°C. What is the final temperature of the system? (Specific heats of copper and aluminum
are 0.092 0 and 0.215 cal/g⋅°C, respectively. c = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C)
w

31.2°C

A 0.400-kg rock is swung in a circular path and in a vertical plane on a 0.5-m length string. At the top of the path, the angular
speed is 10.0 rad/s. What is the tension in the string at that point?
16.08 N

A baseball pitcher, loosening up his arm before a game, tosses a 0.15-kg ball using only the rotation of his forearm, 0.30 m in
length, to accelerate the ball. If the ball starts at rest and is released with a speed of 22 m/s in a time of 0.4 s, what is the average
angular acceleration of the arm and ball?
183.3 rad/s 2

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A solid object is made of two materials, one material having density of 2 500 kg/m and the other having density of 5 500 kg/m .
3 3

If the object contains equal masses of the materials, what is its average density?
3 438 kg/m 3

A 0.0020-kg lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a block of ice at 0°C. If all the heat generated goes
into melting ice, what quantity of ice is melted? (L = 80 kcal/kg, the specific heat of lead = 0.03 kcal/kg⋅°C, and 1 kcal = 4 186 J)
f

1.7 × 10 kg
−4

An astronaut is on a 100-m lifeline outside a spaceship, circling the ship with an angular speed of 0.100 rad/s. How far inward can
she be pulled before the centripetal acceleration reaches 4g = 39.2 m/s ? 2

70.6 m

A fluid has a density of 1 040 kg/m . If it rises to a height of 1.8 cm in a 2.0-mm diameter capillary tube, what is the surface
3

tension of the liquid? Assume a contact angle of zero.

0.092 N/m

The flow rate of a liquid through a 4.0-cm-radius pipe is 0.0070 m /s. The average fluid speed in the pipe is:
3

1.4 m/s.

A plot of the temperature versus the energy per kg added to a piece of ice as it goes from below freezing at − 10°C to becoming
steam at 110°C consists of straight lines, some horizontal and some with an upward slope. What do the upward slopes represent?
reciprocals of specific heats

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

A large spring requires a force of 100 N to compress it only 0.010 m. What is the spring constant of the spring?
10,000 N/m

Consider two different rods. The greatest thermal conductivity will be in the rod with:
electrons that are freer to move from atom to atom.

Three disks have the same mass and the same total kinetic energy. Disk #1 has radius R, disk #2 has radius 2R, and disk #3 has
radius 3R. Which one has the highest v ? translational

The all have the same v .

translational

A uniform, horizontal beam of length 6.0 m and weight 140 N is attached at one end to a wall by a pin connection (so that it may
rotate). A cable attached to the wall above the pin supports the opposite end. The cable makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal.
What is the tension in the cable needed to maintain the beam in equilibrium?
81 N

A pipe carrying water has a radius of 1.0 cm. If the flow velocity is 9.0 cm/s, which of the following characterizes the flow? Take
the viscosity of water to be 1.0 × 10 N⋅s/m. −3

streamlined

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

A mass of 0.40 kg, hanging from a spring with a spring constant of 160 N/m, is set into an up-and-down simple harmonic motion.
What is the speed of the mass when moving through the equilibrium point? The starting displacement from equilibrium is 0.10 m.
2.0 m/s
A waterfall is 140 m high. What is the increase in water temperature at the bottom of the falls if all the initial potential energy
goes into heating the water? (g = 9.8 m/s , c = 4,186 J/kg⋅°C)
2
w

0.33°C

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Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 × 10 N/m , and the density of air is 1.29 kg/m . If the density of air is constant as you get higher and
5 2 3

higher, calculate the height of the atmosphere needed to produce this pressure.
7 900 m

An ice skater spins at 3.5 rev/s with his arms are extended. He draws his arms in and spins at 8.3 rev/s. By what factor does his
moment of inertia change in the process?
0.42

Two hoops or rings (I = MR ) are centered, lying on a turntable. The smaller ring has radius = 0.05 m; the larger has radius = 0.1
2

m. Both have a mass of 5.0 kg. What is the total moment of inertia as the turntable spins? Ignore the mass of the turntable.
0.0625 kg·m 2

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

Halving the mass of the bob on a simple pendulum will cause a change in the frequency of the pendulum swing by what factor?
1.0

Twenty grams of a solid at 70°C is place in 100 grams of a fluid at 20°C. Thermal equilibrium is reached at 30°C. The specific
heat of the solid:
is more than that of the fluid.

A turntable has a moment of inertia of 3.00 × 10 kg·m and spins freely on a frictionless bearing at 25.0 rev/min. A 0.600-kg ball
−2 2

of putty is dropped vertically on the turntable and sticks at a point 0.100 m from the center. By what factor does the angular
momentum of the system change after the putty is dropped onto the turntable?
1.00 (no change)

11.3 Harmonic Motion and Energy

I attach a 2.0-kg block to a spring that obeys Hooke's Law and supply 4.0 J of energy to stretch the spring. I release the block; it
oscillates with period 0.30 s. The amplitude is:
9.5 cm.
A bowling ball has a mass of 8.0 kg, a moment of inertia of 3.2 × 10 kg·m , and a radius of 0.10 m. If it rolls down the lane
−2 2

without slipping at a linear speed of 3 m/s, what is its angular speed?

30 rad/s

A uniform solid sphere rolls down an incline of height 3 m after starting from rest. In order to calculate its speed at the bottom of
the incline, one needs to know:
no more than is given in the problem.

Iced tea is made by adding ice to 1.7 kg of hot tea, initially at 80°C. How many kg of ice, initially at 0°C, are required to bring the
mixture to 10°C? (L = 3.33 × 10 J/kg, c = 4 186 J/kg⋅°C)
f
5
w

1.3 kg

An inventor develops a stationary cycling device by which an individual, while pedaling, can convert all of the energy expended
into heat for warming water. What minimum power must be generated if 250 g water (enough for 1 cup of coffee) is to be heated
in 15 min from 25°C to 91°C? (1 cal = 4.186 J, the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C)
80 W

An initially installed flywheel can store 10 J of kinetic energy when rotating at 300 rad/s. It is replaced by another flywheel of the
6

same size but made of a stronger material. If its mass is the same as that of the original, and it is now capable of achieving a
rotational speed of 445 rad/s, what maximum energy can be stored?
2.20E+6 J

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A 3.0-m rod is pivoted about its left end. A force of 10 N is applied perpendicular to the rod at a distance of 1.2 m from the pivot
causing a ccw torque, and a force of 5.2 N is applied at the end of the rod 3.0 m from the pivot. The 5.2-N force is at an angle of
30 to the rod and causes a cw torque. What is the net torque about the pivot? (Take ccw as positive.)
o

4.2 N·m

Consider two steel rods, A and B. B has three times the area and twice the length of A, so Young's modulus for B will be what
factor times Young's modulus for A?
1.0

Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property?
temperature

A figure skater with arms initially extended starts spinning on the ice at 3 rad/s. She then pulls her arms in close to her body.
Which of the following results?
a greater rotational rate

How many calories are equal to one BTU? (One calorie = 4.186 J, one BTU = 1 054 J.)
252

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

By what factor should the length of a simple pendulum be changed if the period of vibration were to be quadrupled?
16

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

A 0.20-kg object is attached to a spring with spring constant k = 10 N/m and moves with simple harmonic motion over a
horizontal, frictionless surface. At the instant that it is displaced from equilibrium by −0.060 m, what is its acceleration?
3.0 m/s2

11.2 Examples of Simple Harmonic Motion

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 4.0 Hz and an amplitude of 5.0 cm. If a timer is started
when its displacement is a maximum (hence x = 5 cm when t = 0), what is the acceleration magnitude when t = 3 s?
31.6 m/s 2

If cooking is done using an aluminum pan over an electric burner, which of the following will not promote the rate of heat flow
from burner to food?
increase pan bottom thickness

Dams at two different locations are needed to form a lake. When the lake is filled, the water level will be at the top of both dams.
The Dam #2 is twice as high and twice as wide as Dam #1. How much greater is the force of the water on Dam #2 than the force
on Dam #1? (Ignore atmospheric pressure; it is pushing on both sides of the dams.)
8
How much heat energy is required to vaporize a 5.0-g ice cube at 0°C? The heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g. The heat of
vaporization of water is 540 cal/g, and c = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C.
water

3,600 cal

11.4 Stress, Strain, and Hooke's Law

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A uniform pressure of 21 × 10 N/m is applied to all six sides of a copper cube. What is the percentage change in volume of the
5 2

cube? (for copper, B = 14 × 10 N/m )

10 2

1.5 × 10 % −3

A bucket of water with total mass 23 kg is attached to a rope, which in turn, is wound around a 0.080-m radius cylinder at the top
of a well. A crank with a turning radius of 0.5 m is attached to the end of the cylinder. What minimum force directed
perpendicular to the crank handle is required to just raise the bucket? (Assume the rope's mass is negligible, that the cylinder turns
on frictionless bearings, and that g = 9.8 m/s .)
2

36 N

A Ferris wheel starts at rest and builds up to a final angular speed of 0.70 rad/s while rotating through an angular displacement of
2.5 rad. What is its average angular acceleration?
0.098 rad/s 2

A uniform meterstick balances on a fulcrum placed at the 40-cm mark when a weight W is placed at the 20-cm mark. What is the
weight of the meterstick?
2W

Of the planets with atmospheres, which is the warmest?

Venus

What is the total mass of the Earth's atmosphere? (The radius of the Earth is 6.4 × 10 m, and atmospheric pressure at the surface
6

is 10 N/m .)
5 2

5 × 10 kg
18

A silver bar of length 35 cm and cross-sectional area 1.5 cm is used to transfer heat from a 100°C reservoir to a 0°C block of ice.
2

How much ice is melted per second? (For silver, k = 427 J/s⋅m⋅°C. For ice, L = 334 000 J/kg.)
f

0.055 g/s

An electrical generating plant operates at a boiler temperature of 223°C and exhausts the unused heat into a nearby river at 20°C.
If the generating plant has a power output of 890 megawatts (MW) and if the actual efficiency is 3/4 the theoretical efficiency,
how much heat per second must be delivered to the boiler? (0°C = 273 K)
2,899 MW

The volume of an ideal gas changes from 0.35 to 0.56 m3 although its pressure remains constant at 56,000 Pa. What work is done
on the system by its environment?
-11,760 J

13.1 Sound Is a Longitudinal Wave

A sound wave coming from a tuba has a wavelength of 0.674 m and travels to your ears at a speed of 345 m/s. What is the
frequency of the sound you hear?
512 Hz

12.2 Describing Waves

A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 820 Hz and a wavelength in air of 0.400 m. What is the wave speed?
328 m/s

What is the phase difference when two waves, traveling in the same medium, undergo constructive interference?
0°

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In an isothermal process for an ideal gas system (where the internal energy doesn't change), which of the following choices best
corresponds to the value of the work done on the system?
the negative of its heat intake

Two springs, each with spring constant k, are attached end to end in a series fashion. A second pair of identical springs are also
attached in series fashion. Then the pair of series attached springs are attached in parallel to each other. What is the effective
spring constant of the resulting combination of springs?
k

A 1.0-kg chunk of ice at 0°C melts, absorbing 80 000 cal of heat in the process. Which of the following best describes what
happens to this system?
increased entropy

A traveling wave train has wavelength 0.4 m, speed 28 m/s. Find the wave frequency.
70 Hz

The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between 97°C and 0°C is most nearly:
26%.

Entropy is a measure of the ____ of a system.

Disorder

What is the phase difference when two waves, traveling in the same medium, undergo constructive interference?
0°

If a radio wave has speed 3.61 × 108 m/s and frequency 94.1 MHz, what is its wavelength?
3.84 m

13.1 Sound Is a Longitudinal Wave

A series of ocean waves, 2.5 m between crests, move past at 2.0 waves/s. Find their speed.
5.0 m/s

A mass-spring system on a horizontal frictionless surface is set in simple harmonic motion with amplitude A. The mass is then
doubled and the system is again set into simple harmonic motion with the same amplitude. Which of the following is true about
the total mechanical energy of the system due to doubling the mass?
It has not changed.

A 0.23-kg mass is oscillating on a spring over a horizontal frictionless surface. When it is at a displacement of 2.2 cm for
equilibrium it has a kinetic energy of 1.7 J and a spring potential energy of 2.8 J. What is the maximum speed of the mass during
its oscillation?
6.3 m/s
A long string is pulled so that the tension in it increases by a factor of three. If the change in length is negligible, by what factor
does the wave speed change?
1.73

13.3 Standing Sound Waves

A tuning fork is sounded above an adjustable length resonating tube (one end closed), which resonates at a length of 0.250 m and
again at 0.750 m. What is the frequency of the fork when the speed of sound is taken to be 340 m/s?
340 Hz

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13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

The intensity level of sound 30 m from a jet airliner is 120 dB. At what distance from the airplane will the sound intensity level be
a tolerable 100 dB? (Assume spherical spreading of sound.)
300 m

I attach a 3.7-kg block to a spring that obeys Hooke's Law and supply 16 J of energy to stretch the spring. I release the block; it
oscillates with period 0.3 s. The amplitude is:
CP /CV

A pound of body fat has an energy content of about 4,100 kcal. If a 1,100-kg automobile had an equivalent amount of
translational kinetic energy, how fast would it be moving? (0.447 m/s = 1 mph, 1 kcal = 4 186 J)
395 mph

If one could observe the individual atoms making up a piece of matter and note that during a process of change their motion
somehow became more orderly, then one may assume which of the following in regard to the system?
decreases in entropy

A gasoline engine with an efficiency of 28.1% operates between a high temperature T1 and a low temperature T2 = 310 K. If this
engine operates with Carnot efficiency, what is the high-side temperature T1?
431 K

A heat engine exhausts 3,700 J of heat while performing 1,700 J of useful work. What is the efficiency of the engine?
31%

Triple the mass per unit length of a guitar string will result in changing the wave speed in the string by what factor?
0.58

How many nodes does a standing wave in a string have at the frequency of the sixth harmonic?
The answer is not given.
4.6 mm

13.5 Reflection and Scattering of Sound

13.6 The Doppler Effect

A 500-Hz whistle is moved toward a listener at a speed of 10.0 m/s. At the same time, the listener moves at a speed of 20.0 m/s in
a direction toward the whistle. What is the apparent frequency heard by the listener? (The speed of sound is 340 m/s.)
545 Hz

A mass of 0.32 kg, hanging from a spring with a spring constant of 78 N/m, is set into an up-and-down simple harmonic motion.
What is the speed of the mass when moving through the equilibrium point? The starting displacement from equilibrium is 0.19 m.
If the frequency of a traveling wave train is increased by a factor of three in a medium where the speed is constant, which of the
following is the result? If the frequency of a traveling wave train is increased by a factor of three in a medium where the speed is
constant, which of the following is the result?
wavelength is one third as big

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 6 Hz and an amplitude of 3 cm. If a timer is started
when its displacement is a maximum (hence x = 3 cm when t = 0), what is the speed of the mass when t = 7 s?
zero

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12.2 Describing Waves

A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 820 Hz and a wavelength in air of 0.400 m. What is the wave speed?
328 m/s

12.8 Standing Waves

A C note (f = 128 Hz) is sounded on a piano. If the length of the piano wire is 1.00 m and its mass density is 5.00 g/m, what is the
tension in the wire?
328 N

A 5-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic free expansion (a rapid expansion into a vacuum), going from an initial volume
of 20 L to a final volume of 40 L. How much work is done on the system during this adiabatic free expansion?
zero

13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

If one-half of the members of a symphony orchestra are absent because of head colds, thus reducing the overall intensity of sound
by 50%, what will be the reduction in the decibel level?
3 dB

12.8 Standing Waves

A 100-m long high-voltage cable is suspended between two towers. The mass of the 100-m cable is 200 kg. If the tension in the
cable is 20,000 N, what is the lowest frequency at which this cable can oscillate?

0.50 Hz

The oxygen molecule (O2) may be regarded as two masses connected by a spring. In vibrational motion, each oxygen atom
alternately approaches, then moves away from the center of mass of the system. If each oxygen atom of mass m = 2.67 × 10−26 kg
has a vibrational energy of 1.6 × 10−21 J and the effective spring constant is 50 N/m, then what is the amplitude of oscillation of
each oxygen atom?

8 × 10−12 m

According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following applies to the heat received from a high temperature
reservoir by a heat engine operating in a complete cycle?
cannot be completely converted to work

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Waves propagate at 8.6 m/s along a stretched string. The end of the string is vibrated up and down once every 1.5 s. What is the
wavelength of the waves that travel along the string?
12.9 m

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 6 Hz and an amplitude of 3 cm. If a timer is started
when its displacement is a maximum (hence x = 3 cm when t = 0), what is the speed of the mass when t = 7 s?
zero

12.2 Describing Waves

A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 820 Hz and a wavelength in air of 0.400 m. What is the wave speed?
328 m/s

12.8 Standing Waves

A C note (f = 128 Hz) is sounded on a piano. If the length of the piano wire is 1.00 m and its mass density
328 N

A 5-mol ideal gas system undergoes an adiabatic free expansion (a rapid expansion into a vacuum), going from an initial volume
of 20 L to a final volume of 40 L. How much work is done on the system during this adiabatic free expansion?
zero

13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

If one-half of the members of a symphony orchestra are absent because of head colds, thus reducing the overall intensity of sound
by 50%, what will be the reduction in the decibel level?
3 dB

12.8 Standing Waves

A 100-m long high-voltage cable is suspended between two towers. The mass of the 100-m cable is 200 kg. If the tension in the
cable is 20,000 N, what is the lowest frequency at which this cable can oscillate?
0.50 Hz

The oxygen molecule (O2) may be regarded as two masses connected by a spring. In vibrational motion, each oxygen atom
alternately approaches, then moves away from the center of mass of the system. If each oxygen atom of mass m = 2.67 × 10−26 kg

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has a vibrational energy of 1.6 × 10−21 J and the effective spring constant is 50 N/m, then what is the amplitude of oscillation of
each oxygen atom?
8 × 10−12 m

According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following applies to the heat received from a high temperature
reservoir by a heat engine operating in a complete cycle?
cannot be completely converted to work

Waves propagate at 8.6 m/s along a stretched string. The end of the string is vibrated up and down once every 1.5 s. What is the
wavelength of the waves that travel along the string?
12.9 m

12.8 Standing Waves

Tripling the tension in a guitar string will change its natural frequency by what factor?
31/2

13.3 Standing Sound Waves

A 2.00-m long organ pipe is open at one end and closed at the other. Its fundamental tone has wavelength:
8.00 m.

13.5 Reflection and Scattering of Sound

13.6 The Doppler Effect

You stand by the railroad tracks as a train passes by. You hear a 950-Hz frequency when the train approaches, which changes to
820 Hz as it goes away. How fast is the train moving? The speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.
25.0 m/s

Suppose a 0.35-kg mass on a spring-loaded gun that has been compressed 0.2 m has elastic potential energy of 1.8 J. How high
above the spring's equilibrium point can the gun fire the mass if the gun is fired straight up?
0.32 m

Sound waves of a certain frequency in air having a wavelength of 1.9 m will have what wavelength in water? Take the speed of
sound in air to be 340 m/s and in water to be 1 490 m/s.
8.3 m

13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

If the distance between a point sound source and a dB detector is increased by a factor of 10, what will be the reduction in
intensity level?
20 dB

When one note is above another note by an octave, the frequency of the higher pitch note is double that of the lower pitch note.
The word octave may make you think that there are 8 steps from the lower note to the one an octave above. But wait! How many
steps are there on a piano from middle C to the next C above? Each key is a step. If each next key is a step, how many are there?

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Middle C is a white (W) key and the next note above is a black (B) key. Starting at middle C on the piano the sequence of key we
go through to get to high C, is BWBWWBWBWBWW, the last key being high C. Count ‘em. That's 12 steps. If the multiplying
factor of the frequency for the next step is the same for each step, what is that multiplying frequency? All you need is given in this
problem statement.
21/12

13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

Doubling the distance between sound source and a listener will change the intensity, as detected by the listener, by what factor?
1/4

An object moving in simple harmonic motion has an amplitude of 0.07 m and a maximum acceleration of 50 m/s 2. What is the
frequency of the system?
4.3 Hz

If a long spring with spring constant k is cut into 4 equal lengths, what is the spring constant of each of the 4 shorter springs?
It is 4k.

A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 450 Hz and a wavelength in air of 0.800 m. What is the wave speed?
360 m/s

Question text
A sound intensity of 70 dB is observed at a distance d from the source of sound. What sound intensity would be observed at a
distance 2d from the source?
64 dB

13.1 Sound Is a Longitudinal Wave

The density of a certain solid is 7.2 × 103 kg/m3, and its Young's modulus is 8.0 × 1010 N/m2. What is the speed of sound in this
material?
3300 m/s

13.4 Beats

Two tuning forks sounding together result in a beat frequency of 3 Hz. If the frequency of one of the forks is 512 Hz, what is the
frequency of the other?
509 Hz or 515 Hz

In an isobaric process 2.4 × 104 J of work is done on a quantity of gas while its volume changes from 2.7 m 3 to 1.5 m3. What is the
pressure during this process?
2.0 × 104 Pa

A mass on a spring vibrates in simple harmonic motion at a frequency of 4.2 Hz and an amplitude of 8.4 cm. If a timer is started
when its displacement is a maximum (hence x = 8.4 cm when t = 0), what is the displacement of the mass when t = 3.3 s?

0.054 m

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By what factor should the length of a simple pendulum be changed if the period of vibration were to be five times?
25

According to the first law of thermodynamics, the sum of the heat gained by a system and the work done on that same system is
equivalent to which of the following?
internal energy change

In which system is heat usually transferred from the cooler part to the warmer part?
a refrigerator that is running

A 0.23-kg mass is oscillating on a spring over a horizontal frictionless surface. When it is at a displacement of 2.2 cm for
equilibrium it has a kinetic energy of 1.7 J and a spring potential energy of 2.8 J. What is the maximum speed of the mass during
its oscillation?
31%

12.8 Standing Waves

A C note (f = 128 Hz) is sounded on a piano. If the length of the piano wire is 1.00 m and its mass density is 5.00 g/m, what is the
tension in the wire?
328 N

12.3 Examples of Waves

A wave travels in a string at 60 m/s. A second string of 40% greater linear density has the same tension applied as in the first
string. What will be the resulting wave speed in the second string?
51 m/s

Which of the following increases the internal energy of a solid metal rod?
having the rod absorb heat

An 870-MW electric power plant has an efficiency of 27%. It loses its waste heat in large cooling towers. Approximately how
much waste heat (in MJ) is discharged to the atmosphere per second?

2,352 MJ

The superposition principle has to do with which of the following?

how displacements of interacting waves add together

System 1 is 3.3 moles of a monatomic ideal gas held at a constant volume of 2.34 L as it undergoes a temperature increase.
System 2 is 3.3 moles of a diatomic ideal gas held at a constant volume of 2.34 L as it undergoes a temperature increase equal to
the temperature increase of System 1. The pressure increase for system 1 is and for System 2 is during the

temperature increases. What is the ratio of ?

1.00

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12.2 Describing Waves

A traveling wave train has wavelength 1.0 m and speed 20 m/s. Find the wave frequency.

The surface of the Sun is at approximately 5 700 K and the temperature of the Earth's surface is about 290 K. What total entropy
change occurs when 920 J of heat energy is transferred from the Sun to the Earth?
3.01 J/K

Which of the following ranges corresponds to the shortest wavelengths?

ultrasonic

At the dice factory, sets of novelty dice are created where a side with 7 dots replaces the single dot side. The sides then range
from 2 to 7 instead of the usually 1 to 6. Using such dice for a game of craps, what will be the most probable roll?
9

Suppose there is an object for which F = +kx. What will happen if the object is moved away from equilibrium (x = 0) and
released?
It will move further away with increasing acceleration.

Two water waves meet at the same point, one having a displacement above equilibrium of 60 cm and the other having a
displacement above equilibrium of 70 cm. At this moment, what is the resulting displacement above equilibrium?
130 cm

Consider the curve f(x) = A cos(2πx/λ). The wavelength of the wave will be:
twice the distance x2 to x3.

Three identical springs each have the same spring constant k. If these three springs are attached end to end forming a spring three
times the length of one of the original springs, what will be the spring constant of the combination?
k/3

12.3 Examples of Waves

Transverse waves travel with a speed of 283 m/s along a taut copper wire that has a diameter of 1.50 mm. What is the tension in
the wire? (The density of copper is 8.93 g/cm3.)
1260 N

A person consumes 2,000 kcal/day while expending 3,500 kcal/day. In a month's time, about how much weight would this person
lose if the loss were essentially all from body fat? (Body fat has an energy content of about 4 100 kcal per pound.)
11 pounds

12.2 Describing Waves

A musical tone, sounded on a piano, has a frequency of 820 Hz and a wavelength in air of 0.400 m. What is the wave speed?
328 m/s

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13.2 Amplitude and Intensity of a Sound Wave

The intensity level of sound 30 m from a jet airliner is 120 dB. At what distance from the airplane will the sound intensity level be
a tolerable 100 dB? (Assume spherical spreading of sound.)
300 m

A 0.36 kg object, attached to a spring with spring constant k = 10 N/m, is moving on a horizontal frictionless surface in simple
harmonic motion of amplitude of 0.082 m. What is its speed at the instant when its displacement is 0.041 m? (Hint: Use
conservation of energy.)
37.4 cm/s

When angular momentum is conserved, rotational speed

may increase, but can never decrease.

When measuring the volume of soda in a large bottle, what unit of measure should be used?
L

The distance between two fixed point is ____.

Length

An unbalanced external torque acting on an object will cause a change in the object's
linear momentum.

If an object moves along a straight path it is said to be _____ motion.

Both A and B

A doorknob is normally placed near the edge of the door opposite the hinges. This is because
a force at this position will produce a maximum torque.

A skydiver weighing 500 newtons jumps from an airplane at a height of 2000 meters. If there is no air resistance, the
skydiver's kinetic energy will equal his potential energy relative to the ground when he is at a height of ____ meters.
1000

How would you write 0.0005 in scientific notation?

5 x 10^4

How many significant figures are there in 0.0054 grams?

2

When you run up two flights of stairs instead of walking up them, you feel more tired because
your power output is greater when you run than when you walk.

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What happens to the total energy of a moving object if all the applied forces are conserved?
It remains constant

Scott drives a Jeep 12 km east, then 4 km north, then finally 3 km west. He traveled a total distance of:
19 km

The energy use in solar cookers, solar distillation plants, solar power plants is known as
solar energy

The work done against gravity in moving a box with a mass of 20 kilograms through a height of 5 meters is
1000 joules

The Moon's gravity is 1/6 of the Earth's gravity. The mass of a bowling ball on the Earth would be ____ its mass on the
Moon.
equal to

The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.
This is true for any collision.

An elastic collision is one in which

no lasting deformation of either object occurs.

Angular momentum is the product of

rotational inertia and rotational velocity.

Which of these is the most accurate statement about kinetic energy in a collision between two objects?
Kinetic energy is only conserved if the collision is elastic.

A moving car possesses

mechanical energy

Whether you slam on the brakes or apply a steady, moderate pressure to the brake pedal, the ____ required to bring
your car to a stop will be the same.
Impulse

According to Newton’s first law of motion, a moving object that is not acted on by an unbalanced force will
remain in motion.

During a game of dodgeball, Marina runs 2.45 meters forward to grab a dodgeball, then runs 1.25 meters backward to
avoid a opponent's dodgeball. Her displacement would be:
1.2 meters forwards

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A train traveled a distance of 180 kilometers in 5 hours. Its average speed was ____ km/hr.
36

The work done against gravity in moving a box with a mass of 3 kilograms through a horizontal distance of 5 meters is
0 joules

How many significant figures are there in 1008 grams?

4

A 60-kg grandfather and his 20-kg granddaughter are balanced on a seesaw. If the granddaughter is sitting 3 meters
from the pivot point, the grandfather must be sitting ____ from it.
1 meters

A motorbike engine can develop a power of 90000 W in order to keep a constant velocity of 30 m/s. What is the
pushing force?
3000 N

A car traveling at 60 km/hr passes a truck going 30 km/hr. If the truck has twice the mass of the car, which of the
following is true?
The car has the same momentum and twice as much kinetic energy as the truck.

How would you write -5.6 x 10^-3 in standard form?

-0.0056

_____ is the rate at which work is done.

Power

As a spinning ice skater moves her arms out away from her body,
her rotational speed decreases, due to conservation of angular momentum.

Impulse is equal to the change in ____ of the object on which the impulse acts.
Momentum

Work is equal to the product of

force and distance

A heavy block is suspended from a vertical spring. The elastic potential energy is stored in the spring is 2 J. What is the
spring constant if the elongation of the spring is 10 cm?
400 N/m

An impulse of 100 N-s is applied to an object. If this same impulse is delivered over a shorter time interval,
the force involved will be increased.

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What is the acronym to help you remember the ratios to use in trigonometry?
SOHCAHTOA

How many significant figures are there in 0.0054 grams?

Metric

The rule of scientific notation is to write all exponents with a base of ____.
10

What is known as the change in position of an object?

Displacement

Convert 17 m to cm:
1,700 cm

A car is traveling north at 17.7 m/s. After 12 s its velocity is 14.1 m/s in the same direction. Find the magnitude and
direction of the car's average acceleration.
0.30 m/s2, south

The physical quantities used in displacement both direction and magnitude are called as:
Vectors

An airplane increases its speed at the average rate of 15 m/s2. How much time does it take to increase its speed from
100 m/s to 160 m/s?
4.0 s

Which of these is the most accurate statement about momentum in a collision between two objects?
Momentum is always conserved.

A ping-pong ball rolls forward 6 meters, and bounces backward 3 meters. It traveled a total distance of:
9 meters

Torque is the product of

lever arm and force

Round off 333 to the nearest hundred

300

The energy possessed by a body due to its position is called its

potential energy

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A skydiver weighing 500 newtons jumps from an airplane at a height of 2000 meters. At the start of the jump, the
skydiver's potential energy is ____ joules relative to the ground.
1,000,000

Suppose there is an object for which F = +kx. What will happen if mthe object is moved away from equilibrium (x = 0)
and released?
It will move further away with increasing acceleration.

What is the intensity level of a sound with intensity of 4.0 × 10−10 W/m2? ( I0 = 10−12 W/m2 )
26 dB

A cylinder containing an ideal gas has a volume of 2 m3 and a pressure of 2 × 105 Pa at a temperature of 320 K. The
cylinder is placed against a metal block that is maintained at 860 K and the gas expands as the pressure remains
constant until the temperature of the gas reaches 860 K. The change in internal energy of the gas is 6.1 × 105 J. Find
the change in entropy of the block associated with the heat transfer to the gas.
-1,130 J/K

If the air temperature decreases, how does the resonant frequency in a pipe closed at one end change?
It decreases.

The superposition principle has to do with which of the following?

how displacements of interacting waves add together

The speed of sound at 0°C is 331 m/s. What is the speed of sound at 32°C? (0°C = 273 K)
350 m/s

The wavelength of a traveling wave can be calculated if one knows the:

frequency and speed.

The number of overtones, and their relative intensities, is associated with what property of the tone generated by a
musical instrument?
quality

If the frequency of a traveling wave train is increased by a factor of three in a medium where the speed is constant,
which of the following is the result?
wavelength is one third as big

When gasoline is burned, it gives off 43,000 J/g of heat energy. If an automobile uses 12.6 kg of gasoline per hour
with an efficiency of 23%, what is the average horsepower output of the engine? (1 hp = 746 W)
46 hp

Of the frequencies listed below, to which one is the human ear most sensitive?
3 300 Hz

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