CAMBRIDGE PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 TEACHER’S RESOURCE

Learner’s Book answers

1.2 Plants in different habitats
Unit 1 Environments Question
and habitats 1 Plants that live in hot places can survive with
just a little water. They often have small spiny
1.1 Habitats or leathery leaves which retain water.

Questions Questions
1 The hot desert is too hot. The cold icy place
1 The habitat of each plant is the area around
is too cold.
it. The squirrel, butterfly and bird’s habitat is
the park with its trees; the beetle can live in a 2 On a very high mountain, on a hot volcano,
smaller area of plants and soil; the frog lives underground, on the Moon
beside the water.
Think like a scientist 2: Finding all the
2 Yes they can find all the things they need, plants in a habitat
if not they would be dead.
Plants find a path a difficult place to grow because
Activity: Habitat for a frog there is not enough water, there is no soil and
A pond could be home to a range of plants which people stand on them.
live beside, on or below the surface of a pond.
Animals living there might include newts, snakes, 1.3 Animals in different habitats
insects, fish. Birds and mammals might visit the
pond. Questions
1 and 2 Accept any reasonable answer, for
Think like a scientist 1: A habitat example, birds, insects, squirrels and bats.
for fish
3 Nests droppings, tracks, leaves have been eaten
We call this tank a habitat because it provides
everything the living things in it need to live. 4 They are scared, they think we might hurt them

Think like a scientist 2: Looking at Think like a scientist: Habitats for

habitats animals around school
There is more water, so there are more plants. There You can tell animals have been here as you may
are more insects and so birds will come for food. see animal droppings, tracks, eggs or leaves partly
eaten.
When discussing how the habitats are different,
learners may talk about the numbers of plants and Animals are harder to observe than plants because
animals. They may talk about the amount of water they often hide and may be camouflaged.
in the habitat. Animals live in this habitat because they can find
For answers to the question ‘What plants grow?’, all the things they need.
accept any reasonable answer, for ­example, Activity 2: Let’s make an insect hotel
reference to local plants that might live there.
The sort of animals that will come to live here are
For answers to the question ‘What animals might insects and other small animals, such as spiders.
live here?’ accept any reasonable answer, for
In this new habitat they will feed, hide and lay eggs.
example, reference to local animals that might
live here. If there are more insects this will attract other
animals, for example, birds will come to eat
the insects.

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1.4 Rocks and the environment Check your progress

Questions 1 Fish, crab
1 The rocks have been cut and used to make 2 Soil, water, the Sun, air
walls, an arch, a bridge, a pool, a statue, 3 a She works in a mine.
pillars, a house, roofs, steps.
b Any reasonable tools, such as shovel,
2 Tables, seats, stepping stones, temples, spade or pick.
churches, mosques, synagogues, spires,
bowls, tunnels, dams, and so on. c Any reasonable rock, such as coal, marble
or diamond.
Questions
4 Any suitable feature, such as slate is
3 • strong (granite) – we can use rock to make waterproof.
bridges and buildings
5 To have a safe place to live
• some are soft (chalk) – we can write with
chalk
• made into shapes (marble) – we can cut Unit 2 Forces and
tiles and statues
• waterproof (slate) – we can keep our movement
buildings dry
2.1 Forces around us
• most rocks do not burn – our buildings are
fireproof Questions
• some rocks burn (coal) – to keep us warm 1 The toy horse needs a big pull to make it move.
4 You might see rock, coal, lights, machines, 2 The toy car needs a small pull to make it move.
people, trucks. (The toy rocket needs a medium pull.)
3 The rock will not move. The man cannot pull
1.5 How can we care for our it with a big enough force.
environment?
2.2 Changing shape
Questions
1 Poison them, choke them, kill their food; they
Think like a scientist 1: Finding patterns
may get trapped in a bottle or plastic bag and in results
die. Clay dropped from higher up is flatter.
2 Stop the pollution, stop littering.
Questions
Activity 1: Litter and pollution 1 Lola has a pattern but her results don’t show
1 Accept any reasonable answer, for example, this clearly (because they are not in order).
not drop litter. 2 The pattern is then easy to see.
2 Accept any reasonable answer.
3 For example, show younger children what to
2.3 Changing speed
do with litter. Getting started
Questions She can go faster by pushing harder on her pedals.
1 They are recycling plastic so it is reused.
She can go slower by pulling on her brakes or not
2 Accept appropriate answers, such as paper or pushing on the pedals.
glass.
Questions
Activity 2: Making a nature reserve
1 We can use pushes and pulls to make things
Any sensible ideas, such as removal of litter, speed up or slow down.
‘no litter’ signs, a bird bath, a mini pond, planting
trees, planting wild flowers and grasses. 2 Give the bowling ball a big push.

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Think like a scientist 2: Blow the ball 3 Any from coal, slate, marble, chalk, limestone,
granite, clay, sandstone or basalt.
To make the ball go faster, Sofia should stop
blowing the ball. Marcus should blow the ball 4 Rubber can be used to make erasers, rubber
instead. bands, rubber boots, the soles of shoes and
mattresses. Accept any suitable answers.
Sofia can explain the pattern by saying ‘The bigger
the push, the faster the ball goes.’ 3.2 Properties of materials
2.4 Changing direction Questions
Getting started 1 Metal is waterproof.

Adjo and his friend will crash into the gate unless 2 Most metal is hard, rigid and grey. It can
they can stop or change direction in time. be shiny or dull. Some metal is flexible.

The friend could pull Adjo round the corner by Think like a scientist 1: Questions
pulling to Adjo’s left. about materials
Questions Paper is smooth.
1 They can make the wheelchairs change Think like a scientist 2: Using a Venn
direction by using a push and a pull on diagram for sorting
opposite wheels or by using a large push on
one wheel and a small push on the other. The glass bottle goes on the left hand side of the
Venn diagram in the shiny circle but not in the
Check your progress flexible circle.

1 Pushing because pushing is a force away 3.3 Using the right material
from you.
Questions
2 a 
She can stop the ball by using a force/
pushing it with her hands. 1 A bike made from rubber would be very flexible.
The wheels and frame would bend when you sat
b She can make it change direction by on it. It would not be possible to ride.
using a force/pushing it away from her.
2 Chocolate is too soft and too weak to make a
3 a 
Chipo can go faster by pushing harder sensible table. It would get scratched and dented
on the pedals. or broken easily. Chocolate is tasty so people
b Vishni can slow down by pulling on may eat the chocolate table. A table made of
the brakes. chocolate would melt if it got too warm.
c They can change direction by pushing
and pulling on the handlebars. 3.4 Testing materials
4 Nico’s prediction is not correct. Because the Questions
ball is already moving fast across the goal, if 1 The green cushion is the softest.
he kicks it straight at the goal with a small
force it will move towards the goal but also 2 The blue cushion is the hardest.
continue moving to the right. The ball will
miss the goal. 3.5 Changing materials
Questions
Unit 3 Getting 1 Chocolate

materials right 2 Egg

3.1 Natural and made materials Check your progress

Questions 1 Rock, wood and cotton are natural materials.
Paper, plastic and glass have to be made. Paper
1 Wood comes from the trunks of trees. is made from wood, plastic is made from oil
2 Rock is a natural material. and glass is made from sand.

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2 Any two properties for each from the lists 4.2 Growing
below:
Getting started
Metal – shiny, silver/grey, strong, hard,
waterproof There are seven types of baby animal (including
the human child).
Glass – see through (transparent), hard, weak,
rigid, waterproof, shiny Some of the babies look like their parents but
some do not.
Paper – flexible, dull, smooth, absorbent
The bear, child, elephant, goat, and seal babies
Rock – strong, rigid, hard, rough look similar to their parents.
3 flexible hard
The baby penguins and baby ducks look different
to their parents.

Questions
metal
stone
paperclip 1 It is smaller and does not have tusks.
2 It has eyes, a beak, feathers and claws.
cotton T-shirt
plastic ruler wooden pencil 3 Humans get bigger: they grow adult teeth,
their hair grows and they learn many things.
4 The children
5 6
4 Burning wood makes a new material. 6 7
5 a Egg changes from liquid to a new solid 7 The older the person, the taller they are.
material.
b Ice melts from a solid to a liquid/turns
4.4 Keeping healthy
into water. Questions
c Bread changes to a new brown material. 2 Running, swimming and playing football are
exercise, as they all involve using muscles.
3 Your muscles and heart get stronger when
Unit 4 Humans and you exercise.

animals grow 4 It is good to wash your hands before eating

to remove or kill any germs on your hands to
stop them getting into your body.
4.1 Comparing animals
Think like a scientist: What happens
Questions when we exercise?
1 The giraffe looks different from the zebra When we exercise, our heart rate and breathing
because it has horns/longer legs/a different should get faster and our skin should get warmer
shaped tail/a longer tail/a bigger body/ and we may start to sweat.
different colour fur/different patterns on its fur.
2 Other ways the giraffe and zebra look similar: 4.5 Teeth
both have two eyes, one mouth, two ears, a
Questions
long head, black hair on their tails, a mane.
1 Eat food that contains calcium, brush with
3 A bird looks different from a human because
fluoride toothpaste twice a day and visit
it has a beak/wings/claws/no arms/a tail.
the dentist.
Questions 2 Children should use a pea-sized blob of
4 She found 1 animal with no legs. toothpaste.
5 She found 4 animals with 6 legs. 3 Calcium and fluoride make teeth strong.
6 She found 7 animals in total.

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Check your progress Think like a scientist: Which flashlight is

brighter?
1 The newt and the fish look similar as both have
fins, patterned skin and a tail. Some flashlights are brighter than others because
they have bigger cells and some have bigger lamps.
They look different because the newt has four
legs, a short nose and spots, but the fish has no
legs, a long sharp nose and stripes.
5.2 Darkness
2 Getting Started
1 The light is coming from a flashlight.
Complete darkness, no light at all.
Questions
1 Between the curtains
2 The light could be coming from the Moon, the
stars, a street lamp or a car’s headlights.
3 A white teddy bear, a blue car, a green cup and
a red ball.
3 The fruit, the sweetcorn, the rice and the
pasta are all healthy. The fish and chicken 4 Yes
can be healthy if only some is eaten. The salt, 5 Yes, but they are harder to see.
jam, sugar, butter, cola, chocolate and cream
6 Yes; light colours are easier to see in the dark.
are not healthy.
4 Running, skipping and riding a bike are Activity 2: Using a dark box
all exercise. Dark coloured objects will be hard to see.
5 Zara can brush her teeth with fluoride It is hard to see the object in the box because there
toothpaste twice a day, eat healthy food, is little/no light.
including food that contains some calcium,
and visit the dentist twice a year. Light coloured objects will be easier to see.
Think like a scientist: How much light
Unit 5 Light do I need to see?
Some colours are easier to see because they reflect
5.1 Light sources more light than others.
Question
5.3 The Sun appears to move!
1 Fire, lights in the windows, streets lights, car
headlights, bicycle lights and stars. Questions
Activity 1: Is it a light source? 1 We should agree with all the children.
Light sources: tablet computer and candle Activity: Looking at patterns
Not light sources: aluminium foil and mirror
The Sun’s position changes. Its position moves
Activity 2: So many light sources across the sky getting higher at midday and lower
towards dawn and dusk.
Most light sources in school are powered by
electricity. This is because electric lights are not The Sun is highest around midday.
a fire hazard. Candles in a school could be very
dangerous. Check your progress
Question 1 The Sun and candle
2 The floodlights are the brightest; the candle is 2 a It is too dark.
the least bright. b She could use a flashlight / other light source.
3 flashlight, screen
4 To the right of the 12 noon Sun.

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6.3 Making circuits

Unit 6 Electricity
Getting started
6.1 Where do we use electricity? Because there are electrical circuits which make
Getting started the computer work.

Examples given might include an electric toy car, Activity 1: Make a circuit
an electric car, an electric fan You know you have made a complete circuit
Questions because the lamp will light up.
1 Examples given might include electric light Questions
bulbs, computer and TV screens make light. 1 They are not complete circuits.
Examples given might include electric toys, 2 People would get electric shocks or burnt.
mobile phones and MP4 players.
Examples given might include electric cookers, Check your progress
microwaves and kettles heat things up.
1 Lamp, lampholder, wire and cell
Examples given might include electric freezers
and refrigerators cool things down. 2 a Dangerous

Examples given might include electric toys b Dangerous

and electric fans make things move. c Dangerous
2 a Flashlight d Dangerous
b Watch 3 a No
c Mobile phone b Yes
c No
6.2 Keep safe with electricity
4 a Off
Questions
b On
1 You may get an electric shock or burn.
c Off
2 You may get a burn.

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