Lecture 2 Simplicial pets

The has
category as
objects the
fuite ordinales [ ] n =
{ 021 < }-
n

(m part La] {B.)

.
=

Morphismes are ( really ) monotone functions :

O 1- 23 4 56

Il
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graphical
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two
I I I I I my generator
LG ]
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il / ¥ ; !
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( f. µ any of a Monad
)
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 Present .mg/Ibygeneraton and relations

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City)

{
(H
_

dipj = ptit di City) (2)

pieds =
1 = ÀÀ "
(a) , (b)
"
pidj =
dit
-

pi ( ilja ) (3)
sisi = siiii ( iej ) ④ EH , ④ liait

" "

naturally
'
"
(7) -

(4) are conditions = pulling strings differently

(a) the / mcnoid lames
-

(c) are monad

t.HN/--HEttHHii.........t-tHK!Hi:iH....ff:'¥!:-|
HH-HH-i.it/YtHHHHi--lYH--aHYl--iH--l
HËHÏHIÏ IÏËI :#ÙÏÏ
" "

1--1*1--1 :c, HHH

 Proving that this présentation is indeed a
présentation of

all left to right that they

Orient
equations from and
prove pan

a confluent and terminal -

ing rewriting pptenr → unique ness of name forms

(Pee next page )

for some r
i Observe that the normal forms are of the foin
E
un - -

up , together with a
strictly deaeasing map Hp ] → à]
i
dit s'% sit
-

at for all j uj
= a
uj
. = . -

Then some
q

Observe that these normal forms encode He descriptions

pecixly
-1
p :

à i. à s' àsà
t /¥
"
ans àciiy
01234
I I I I I
 Rewriting Theory background
local confluence .

tt
Et
{

{§
Mamba of
-

70 zo ←
J rewriting steps

calmera :
:
zo
{ TÉ
c ~
tt

7 70 } f70
y E

normalisation ¢
Eté )
strong •
→
•
→
.
. .
.
. → .

normal fan : .
-4
¥
local confluence +
phoy normalisation-7 confluence
(Newman lemma )
confluence
If +
then A. À
1.
• →
→
strong
•
_ .
.

nam 2

tigzagq → and
?
.

↳/
and have He same
I q
normal fan .

LL
•
 Local confluence checking

À/
Fa exemple

¢,
0 0

t
1.)
☐

à # :

gif ÏË
.

¥,ËÏ¥
"
O .
¢ °

id il
o

/
! ! 7¥ Ë!
/ qq I. toi .

+
←
←

¥)
,

l
 Moe
generally a
simplicial
Simplicial of ect
categay

,
N
ina cis
sets
functa a
ÅP
presheaf IAX"

-C
A simplicial set is

Pyset
a

"
The

.
in Soet I
categong
of simpolicial sets Set
A
-

T also wrutten

Ferminology An element of In is called an

,
emente ofXovern an
nosimplex
:
or
Notation wute
we
dix far Xdix and Pix fa Xsixe
Hence diXnytnz and s TXne

7
:Xn
é

Draning the elements of a

simplicial set
: 2 Anticipatintopological
g realination

!
t fEXs aeXa AEXs tetrahechon
b

à amab

where a
G
where fidaa
8
Atmf plawly rectpage
-dzf
b do f
"dt7d
g

ng
=

s
-doa
forrannI
h daa
ds o a
-
a

,as
-daf-dik
1 ll
d

=dçqaisA
- -
o
deceration
a
of a decoration
of
A read do as

M
o
"
opposte to
w n
'face
sw
face opposite tos
2
=

Tanlupsteallie the
i
A
handy notation for iterated
injections baces f af
:
XfxGXm
:lmysiny
injective we wute
^

s f ( -> { xG Xn XfxEnImIe x
-d
:
îû
m]
n]
7
)
xlx
Š cdecoration of
recult of tramsportin fxe
galong dIR -
)
He face oftained by intersecting the
to iEI
cods mennion 1 faces qxc opposite
 Conlinatoris of
tahing face
1

åÅa We have

bidfiddza b b

-dig-dydoa
=dąo,aza
? plp ilåå
p
dat
A -
dinst
..fdt1
.
 Degeneracies ...

YN-pequencel
pis

:
O

What about pi Let atXo and let be the

L unique map :

2+101.
?
!
Then we chan X as
follows

:
1a
wmys

ãzto
ie -we
abuse
awa
as
Yza a
ärkaa
Note that abuses are consistent

:
dardaX

/a-X(laod?Ja-XIza-a
Other excample Let fEXI then we dhaw so feXa as follows

:
:
Cheistic fas iglueing copissof along ther :-

thface)
N
mêns
andeed
dapof ( again of as
f
abusing
i
-sodf-a
119

)
mmmit "' pi

."
an
191
Y1=YP.
castain
fiu Y E
1-11
indeed da o fif since

Definition An n if is called
degenenates
thore exists
u as
( jecion
-simplex
tid)
fln chence man and an
m y st x
.
-simplex
7-tlmJ
-Xby.
)
( above excamples are
degenerate simplices
te
)
Exercise Rove that
replace suzgection fid by
"
ore can

sit the
" f CnJ xCmJ man ux
thenti
.
:
any
factorisation AA show the that
epi in
ing on
way
-mono
y

it exists and is inherited fram the one

inset
)
Z
Exercise thow that it ic in
van and
b an
aech

x fin injietion
then
,g
that
-degenerate,
-Tfy,
chint use
again the epi factoripation
-mano
:
)
aty

VimHUT
 The standard simplex A

I the
simplicial set Yo LY
'
is

:AJÂ)
Explicitly (
A /
Almn

"-
:
)
m
Show the
non smplices of A

"
Exeraise that

-degenerate
are
exactly the
injective maps

.
Hint note that filll yiny is non
- ifl

injective
:
f
( ~>
cny
L]
epitkch ~
Kas Amono
Therefde say
A has a
uniquenon 3-
-degenerate
simplex
identities
J juslifying to dhaw it
,
,
Concreaning injections -
,
A
as

citerated
A
)
V
Its faces are
given by the sulsets of 90,7,2,3)
in
Cpeealso simplicial complexe below
)
-
 Eilenberg -
Lillois lemma

Proposition tt X c- Â and x c- Xn .
Then there existe a

unique pair 1f,g) s.tl : Lng _

, ( my is surjective
y c- Xm in non -

degenerate
y = x

Rool Existence : If x is non -

degenerateytakef.iq ya
Ifxis degenerate, bonne applyiteratiely He definition
of being degenerate ( induction on n
) .

Unique ness : We we
easy properties of I : if film ] sais -

ip surjective , then it admit a section ( any set Ileaetic

-

section
is
antomatocallg monotone) :

More over
, fio character by its pet of sections
Ln ) # 1-1 1-11-1

l '

§ Ü# sections
O 1 but not of
-

KI
Suppose [email protected]
sections off l resp
'
. :

, ,

{/ §q
we have
g- Kfr1 y-XMXfyt.mx
IN

f.
section assumpta
!
V
v
Kf4 y'a XTX
'
=
guenon dégoute
-

LMJ UN]
section just mord
j'
'
r mono
( exercée par page) .
mari m - m
J y
'
egn.net
section Elections(f) ← l'raid ⇐ l'rlipatar
fêlé # ' annal
lbysymmetryp andy y
-

=
.
 Simplicial complexes
simplicial complexes are pimpler than
simplicial
sets but less flexible
,
.

^""[
"
" "
"" "" "
"

V is a get of ventiles ( lle O -

simplice), and where

Csfb ) , and
x-I-QV-vc-vqvjc-CQ-tyc-xc-C-iy.EC
xec

The elements C of cardinal the n remplies

of n are
-

Circle

!)
-

4) os
•
\ .
simplicial Complex
simplicial Kt
V1 voir Na )-
-

( { { v03 { 4- | {
=
Ur )
,
{ Voir} { va, %) { v0 , v2 } >
, , ,

A morphismes :( V. c) → µ Ici ) of simplicial complexes

'
function Fr ✓ V such that FADELA ) c-
is a ' C '

:
→
 Relatmg simpliciale complexes and pom pbiciol sets
We make a little twist on both side to estollish a

reflection .

Ne
-
conseiller adage simpliciale complexes ,
which are

total aden This

( V, c) +
a on V. affects tle morphisme
mly !
Fn d , C) such that
'

those ( 44
aaeptonlg
'
ne : →

I V -1 V
'

: à monotone ( = non -

deaeasiny ) .

Ne
- considére 0 -

simples - adered
simplicial pets ,
which are

X + a total ader on
Xo .
Again ,
this
affects the morphismes onlg :

those Y such that fo Xo -1% monotone

we
accqst orly f :X + : is .

Ne dénote two
these catégories by Sgc and
Get .

We write TO for the category of totale acbxd sets and monotone fonctions .

S Êüe
it ( Kiss E C then
From Sex
,
to
be
!
④ Çqeto = v] d)
I q lais) c- C } lnde that ois natmally adore

Égo
For
f : ans → In] we set Edf # ni (4) me :
q ↳ qof

magherepehtims.LY
,

(note that of) 1m) -

qlfcm] ) e que C hana of) Lm) EC

,

lists ( Vo ) where Hou

Ejafiehpnmpupl?
are -
m

Fn d' CO î ) (Vo vines ) ts (Vo vî

:
omet
= -
- . . -
mea .
_
. _ . _
.

Foi si (O )
i. i pro ) ts ( Vo
.vn/FnE:cV
( Ei ) L I ,4-iNii
:
= . . . -
- - m -
--

vm - -
-

vi. vin
,
.

)
Egil
set (note :
q )
we = o

-
"
Thus HUH Xc
,
H Et delmer a fureta

Scpx -
fosset : SCPI → Ça
 We delme
Fran
SI to
Sempre . ht X. be a
mmpliciol set .

( Vx , 4) as follow s :

Vx = Xo ( with its total adn )

Vert (
(x : { npc ) face Xn ) =
Vent peltas ) where
,

Vat tn, x) { Xfx I Colin

= b :
}
Clain :
G is closed un du pubsets .

Ne mtnoduce f- f10 )
{ ifjc.tn{
notation f :( OH thon
Rool :
cf -

] ,
tbn
À :LOHH =
otsj
Kt
ou
generaley , for any set
AE Vert ( ) kt À
n
,
x .
-

gjl Xjx c- A
3 '

kt L : ( ] m → [NI le rt .
L is
injective and its mage is A .

Then Vert (m Xix

, ) :{ Xgltuxllg :
f9 in-

}
Xy)
"
x

=
{ Xfxlf factors through c
}
{ Xfel f- c- A 'S } A
c- A
=
=
4 Xfxl Xfx =

4f u : X-p Y Then we have no : Xo → % .

Clain :
no
is a morphisme Indeed .

,
we have no ( Vert 4) çvatfgunlxl) :

a- -

x c- Xn - Yn annuel w

tu as , #
[ ↳ ¥? ✓
Xfxeterttn Your , HE

This we have a
fun d' or Sset to -
-

Scpx : Sgt →
Sync :

XHCXO , G) YH no
 Then m The fun etas Sat -
to -

Scpx and Scpx - to -

Svt forma
Sat Scpx
reflection to
txt Sgc scpx.to Srt
ie
:
. -

:
-

,
-

and Scpc -
to - txt is full and faithful .
.

Roof Full and faithful ness follow o from

IN -

E =

*
i. e. we can retriever I from Scpx - to - Sxt (E) fj =
.

For X and (44 ,

we med to estoblioh

I : Ko → V et tt @, ) cdH)
.
x I. ( Vert mix )) c- C

În : Xn → fdr natural

• Gwen Ê ,
donne ftp..IO# . We have to check I Not in ,
x )) c- C ,

which follow s from the following daim

Clain Iwlvertln, ) ) x
E Ênxlln] :

ve
E c
ly clef .

q Kc
Xn Êxs
'

x
n

1Mf
%!
-

og
www.vmamaemecixeg

Ça
o ouais ÷" "
i:
"

ma
, .

(b) Clain Any IT is détermine

dly
As 7f comparent : Chon n and ielny :
put fai te
diagrammes as
Êunxjci ) ÊdX f- -

-
Foix)
s '"
⑤ By (b) t'a) , we have to pet Efnlxlli) a Ecrit ) x

and ien i get

Easy : for films ln] we I it Ircxfix )
=
( Matoir fi )
L it> EH
 Boun daries I horns I

1
and

.Y
I

We
give
3
definitions fran the more intucitive to the less
intaitivn

."
,
As simplicial complexces t

:
AYCVXTVI CVGVo
)
--M3)
OÄ A

.
MY -CV,F-C/EVS)
MS

-oÁ/EtoqvE,--ousL
Å ^ 1

š
1. brf vallette
vrmath
Couns
ny
Homotopy
-univ-paris
x theolice p

.6O
-
in s

AȚÃ
-A
rams
see p It for the real topological meaning
.
!
math ( trftigher 120 Cato ILand p 12
Jvwr
-
.
-ani-bonn-defpeople
-scriptx-paf
fhebes
s

umnu
We then set M an
j
-

{
show that there three definitions
equivalents
j}
Exercise are

Mint fa the first definition Sopoc

use
-to-sret.
:
 Spiries
The thind
definition of hans I
baindaries makes it clear that

NI OA are
subsimplicial sets ( levelwhise inclusions

ie.
that are natural ) of A n

.
A
E

Another I
impatant fanily the
spines Again are

?
,
He simplest definition is via simplicial
carplexces

I uns Ev
4 . 9
E
'4vo,-..
0o,Va3qv,,8a3--.
on3,
,
.),
nzun'$
Exercise show that spines are
equivalently delined by
d
( (land notes poda
hom
's
)
Give also dehinition
a via a
coequaliser .
In
summary and in pictures Cdimension

A
3):
,
\

A Aß Åz
..AAAimmiz
L

Ceverything )
(AR glued (
glued
A
thne
)
,
fan,
of all but the marked
).
of 3-
ore opporite
2-sphere
.
ball
to

I
,
Remank
1
We have
A
:
?1
O
a
 Neive of a
category
There is a natural full and faithful functor 11- Cat
E

:
. (0... nJ H O2-7..-.7 n

-71-7
( onders as categories Recall the nerve functor fan
pre)
lecture -

I1
I
NE Cab
:
:
ialbreviated
as N eabbeviated as
Cat C
CNSJ ( c

)
Cat

(iny,
-
n

)
eins,
C

FV
m- z

n
Wan
fr

.o
of
sequence

.?
composable maphtims
Notation $
In particular NY
lo čo

eo,-,frua)
-OC
dif MWnfi
m
Face maps in ."

inner")
lodian
:
fiofin

Jrmms

do (
-

1.

u.
1. In

(-Ibn)
Degeneracies silmara -
n.dn
)
Rove that
Exercise those are indeed He
maps Catledic Cat c

/es",
)
( spell te diand si
),
out action of I on
).
Hint:
( hint 20
71
:
Visual
Co-a)-0-272)
Y!
and
therefore E Cat is dense
:A-1
Cf p 2 of lecture 1)
,
-exencise
.I
î
Show -
IA
Exercise that N Cat is full and
faithful
.
.
( that
NCo NCI
-

: note
ten't
-MaC)
-ObC,
Since

Nis frand the of - -

f this raises question -
,
 Which simplicial sets are nerves
of categories

?
Nerve tleorem also called liftings gland p 14-15

.
,
-
-

-IXITMX
Wüêd 7 2!

ri
1~ An

s
inner hans
slightly (co - horno

ntrary
outer
We shall make rsharpe statement and

)
a

it at the end of the lecture

prove
material inhoduced rext
Notabyiñj
using
:
description of the left adjant
N
of
Cfrom ASet
to
Cat
)
sheleton and cosheleton

Here is a
preview of the sharper statement We .
mute

GJt for 4) where the restriction

is removed
for n 4
7
() -) (3) (4 -
H+s
Then we shall prove a - C
2)
Exercise show that iflUl holds for all horm loejen
),
then X is isomaphic to the nerve
of a
gropoid and

conversely
,
.
 A preview of two approaches to
higher categories
The two caractelisations of the theorem on p
14,

.
mlon
weakened yield notions of weal
category

.
,
.

A simplicial set satisfying (7) "

uniqueres

"
minus
colled
is
quasicategory Explicitly
a

Coo

:
,7l
admitting X
A
quasicategory is a
simplicial pet n

liftings for all inner hano A ~) x cozjzn

j
:
Wñü

)
*
T

í
A

Weatening (R ez
leads to another
approach due k
to
.
We fixt
a)
refanulate ca ,
).
t

Exercise Shar that A ( iequivalently described

arn
IYX)
XEXFX
-

X ntimes
the colimit
of
X az ...Tdo
7XXX2X.TxXa
to
and
that
cal be refamilated ( segal condition
otrict
can as

)
The natural map X x
... is iso
.
B

1
to
X
cn a puitable model categony context
i
to be weakequivalence
)
relo scing this of
By iso only a

petss cand hence tohing X to be bisimplicial set XP A

simplicial

a
,
we get Rezk notion of Segal space PAOP
's
IA
)
 The other Mound from simpliciale to to
catégories
way
:

consister À Cat
Since Cat has all coeimits we can

)
,
y
✓
Y
applg tte formule .

 Lanyç X =
colvin c- Ln]
4*+1
also # hx
hanotopy category
"
" mi
a

Category
"
"
réalisation of X as a.
y ✓
Ittmm out that HX has an alternative description that we can
,

the
synthesis : A cocon X for faudra
cn
, )
x
↳ ans : DCX) → Cat

with vortex C provider in particulier

§] 1kt to
? a
map : X. → œc

do
8mm
-

En ] a
map dz :
Xz -
,
Mac

such that (naturalitgg Y 4- la-74 - il Cap ( facto )

.

It is a
good starting point for HX !

Oh = Xo Mallet ) ÎX Va
,
ida à =

mumm
ta naive !
weneed to delme a
cohmitcng coney
to
compose morphismes
ne me !
 Synthesising hx continued

,
C
candidate for the
hx colmiting cocone

:
Î
?
?
î Jnpe

=xlIR
tnp Jnpe *

sxxX
?
Cny
hx
canvider
hx

8 M Îr 11
3x
MT
ądzx
[3
J^
AaJ
[ -> LaJ -(1]
a]
"
so

l
xx x
i
x

.
N
x
x i
gad
x
A.....
since das

d - 152):1
Suice Af ont on
ataes
'/f
k is forced in ex foidaf is faced in hx
-hog
Deali
ng
with compositions add them
cafreely cas pospible
:
)
MochxlEWSoetCIYX famol compositions of
)
n fne
composable 1-
pimplice
Combining and ?

sretffryt
futtr
--w?n.wat--m-e
Machts
Yy
)
Exercise Check that indeed
Jnyx is a
colimiting cocone
.
-LatInJ
u
equivolence class
 The Boardman -

Vogt construction

If X satisfis conditions , then there in and hee

some
yet
-

description of HX . Ne défie a relation on

parallel
1- simples , i. e
b
x - y
- a

wennitêishgnhîjtot %
"
8 tt
ipzaexaat x-ray .

Thenon Tf Xhas the [non

necessarily unique) lifting papotez
par Nrj and Ner and Na G- all inner Lane 3- hans ) ,
then

~ is an équivalence , and the

following delire a
category µ
which is isomorphe to ht : § left homotopie
OBTIH = Xo Mamie have frgifg
x¥y
TH) (x g)
,
=
4f C- Xztdbxdofrysfu
← 's notes f18-19
see land

Exorcise Rove this there m . Hirt : candidates for composition

anggun by Na liftings II
§
:
y

¥aËÜhàa
N

AIL
b T

• of a) composite
dzd

For build this For transit

symnetry , ivity ,
build this

{ - horn en X: f- horn in X:
 Skeleton and copheleton
Let Ien be the full subcategory of I on
oljects lij cian

).
ån

-ns
I
îûRamint
AAOr
lanin

We write
skn Lanin in *
comonad
SerÁP
}
0
-
an

coshn int monad

:
=
Ranino
Ã
" have skn t coskn cas functas
e
)
în Lan
Er År m
ir
CP
L I
set jet
~,
s

Ramin
sín more
precisely via
te counit
s of

,
the comanad
c
We that Xis Xisknx
say n if
-sheletal
X is n if XecosknX
-cosheletal
al

7
s
unit iso
 Skeleton in détails

HIPÎ
Être
Set
Explicite , we have
>

Iptv
"
in full and faithful ni inv left Kan end .

4kff # ÏÎÂ?disons ) .
Xi = Eli, battons
,
sir ) , xek.tl/gluay
conditions

Ve note that all mnmplices en shn X fa man

, ,
are degenerateff.fixtexexixonp.de ! )

Home shnlx) has

He same surplis ds Xin dimensions En

,

and adore
,
n
,
has
only dégoterais of those .

Exorcise Show that DM ( asdehnedearliepisshn.s.LI .

Exorcise Show that for anhtrany X

,
HX à h ( shall) .

Note that id : Xin → Xin indues a natural transformation Shnitx

Exorcise Spdl out this natural transformation , and that anda

He identification atone it is the inclusion shuffle X .

,
 Cook de ton in détails
In contrat
,
cohn # has
mang
m -

simples pr Mn .

We have :

@ km X) m
=  LE, coshnx) a  ( skn IÎ, X
)
Yoneda Me -1 cale

In English ,
this
gives He following description

[email protected] consistent
au

nîshdesz décoration of the n faces of Am by remplias -

of X gives rire to unique simplex @ lent)

a en

filler)
m

( the
Spell out the hee
" "

Exorcise consistent
meaniy of .

have that if all simple:p in the shell are

degeæ
non - -

de generale
rate then the unique fille is non -
.

Exorcise Synthesis e tle same

description of cohn
from its definition by the end
formula
""" 'M )
( cook
=) Xo chut this
'

m
: in
pamela ,
<
ien we can
replace =
respect

Afis , lmj ) by the

injective morphismes lit → Lms ) .

\
 Préparations for the neue théorème

i
PLON)
ska (Ang) → skateEY
v
We
Esquire
have that is iso fr74 , .
←En

that all @ teratedp faces of the

missing face are citrate faces
Inf
.

of an other face in
.

Lanna We have ha ? ) = hot ) = halé ) .

Ma:/
Roar oi

?
!
%
-

÷ .
"
.

; ;
± .
' .

o n
. s

équivalent than he to
as
sequence of composable ananas
,
and they are

in d- Is
the presence of the 0 face and of the 3- face

the same is time for Asa and 1! (but not for XP ,

Il
} !)
Lemmon Nemes of catégories are 2- cosheletol .

Rool A 2- shell of NC contours à part icular décorations

il Coupat ibilitg forces pi

"
l'i
ien
fa ad
,
/ } . =
f. ⇐ .

→
ien
l'i fi
o

détermines candidate fa tle bilhng :

(fo , finale Ncn
already
--

This
- .

a ,

not lut it also waka ie forevery

this candidate is
mly unique, ,
.

that ( bo ; ; fn ) the face

{ il jak} c- In ] m have
dgqj e),
- e is

prescrite d by He original 2- shell ( shawn by conpatililitg ) .

Encharne Show that the converse does not hold .

could have the restriction to It )

[ Honte . several a-
supplices same .
 Nerve Menem fa simpliciale pets ( full statement )

Thenon TFAE foi a simplioial set :

all amen horns (nza)

unique liftings for
X has
(1) n -

GTX has all horns

unique liftings for exceptera % Na No § , , ,

(2) X has
unique liftings for all n -

spires Cnza)
X the
(3) is isomorphe to nerve of a
category
Root We (2) f3 )
t
more
,
(3) (1) ,
and
e) (a)
(3) We
(2) can fan a
category C
by settings
of C = Xo mac = Xx , id (c) = Poe
g of given by the
unique
Tthirdhideothê
,
extension
¥g of ftp.I-X .

The mono id loews one ensured

by unique ness of the extensions of

"
[
% -
.

gf ~
Æ÷ -
y
.

both f id and
f I both @g) f and
hlgb)
We then see that X x NC
by LH :
# ÷

Xn -
ÂCIÎ x) ,
-
-

ÂIIIX ) = Non
Yoneda CH by def of C
 t
(3) (1)

Fan -

_ 2
,
we have
diectlg ÂME Nd ,
a NG fr  # Nos )
by definition of NC .

"
"
Fan > 2 we use some catégorie al abstract non sonore
,
.

We know that NC is 2 -
cash elefaldeandlemmap.dz ) .

If Yin 2. cahelétal and X arbitrant

is we have bijections
,

ÂlskalHY '
adjonction
IÂLX , Cahill cosheletal
ÂCX ,
Y
)
Ou goal is to
more ( fa tle specified hans ) :

 (skates Nd Catlin c)
Â( Ne ,
Nc
) , ,

AI ( an, Nc
)
a-
caheletality AI #IIY , Ncp entre Cathal, c)

and home to proue dfskacNe )) =

HIGH ) ) :

for my 4 ,
we know ( exorcise p 23 ) -

Skagit ) à Shaw) ,
for all hans
,
and we are
fortiori done
a .

Fa n =3 ,
we have Sly ( Ne ) Ash =
,
home
goal
au

reformulates as h( Ne ) = hlsha CAS)) : hfd AY fake 1,2

,
exorcise p -21

.
i
-

first lemma on
p
-
23
 4$

J121
We indrection n For
n thisis
taitological X

?-I
use an as

:
that

.2,
Inductive It enough to int
spine

,
case is
prove every

.
has a
unigue extension to same fixed chosen inner n inX

-homn
,
then farther
lecause we can use
( for the
lifting to An

:
H)
IR -7X
Overall uniqueness of --- wat to - is

s
çê
declucerd as
follow if - is another

s
:
than
candidate
jM by uniquenes

-.e?
colaimedy

,
d by unighenesassumed
and 2+--

e
a
".
?
)
start with a decaation ( of
We
.

tion

foi-ytma)
A fan
the spine of
By assump we have anique compo

.
.
so that
-2,
pites n
fietofifar all ",

-sf-spines
in X
:
( bobs Gnabil fail nofnal
( fiibn 1 6, - . .
biil
i
..
.
fz-..-
Ko

)
sa xn on
-1
By induction far n we
get net
simplices xEXnz
-7,
~
haring those spines
anigee

We are
left to show to show ęq -p.2
:
chosen FGizjse
Cinjlsiosfasane (
xiD
ocoan
j
-xj
)i
By assumption for n it is
enough to look at the ppines of
-2,
oltained fron ppinecxi
CKi j and Kjof Cli which are
again
and
)
)
,
above
spinegxj by te same process as
)
Exercise Before work
examining general ry out no
3.
î

Eractpagel
 Et (at continued

( fa - - - -
fu ) ( fa
,
o
bo , fa , - -

fn.gl ,
-
-
-

,
( foi "

Ibn fn -

a) (foi
,
-

Ibn a) -

Ko Xa Xn y
-
En

We have
i. o
, je n
date (fa , -
-
-

ibn a) -
=
Edo
ici
je 1 ②do = ff2 -
-

ha) =
Caso
, ,

i We have

[email protected]
- O
, 12J Ln a) j -
← 1fr .
-

, fjofj.se ,
-

>1 We have

lfjofj.rs ) fu )

@jliOLiLn-Ij_-ieIfeiji.ffs
c) je
=
( fa ,
--

fi of i ) , - e -
-

, ,
-
-

,
. . .

,
fino (fi fi ) , o -
r _
. -

,
fn =) -

@omji_-ffy---ylfi-zofilofi.a ,
. _ . -

,
fine )
there two
me
distinguer cases :

induction pr to tle 3- spme

my 3 then we can
apply n =3

associative
(fin fi fier)
, ,
and
get a 3-
simplex en
Xuitnesoing ty ,
and

then
Citiez =
ierli i

this
n =3 .
Then we
pimpey avoid
case
by xquiung our

chose n han to be an mm kan chaud man inna n -

han
, ,
have to be there If More left
xo and xn .
n =3
,
is
onlg are face
to be choser to forman inner horn : x and Xa cannot be both in
,
,
i. e. 0L
icjtn impossible .

with i
All with pgmmehic to the o
-
case
je n are
.

cases

Remonte For does n' mater

my 4 , it d- which fixe d han we choux
:

( we could as well have chan am outer horn except that we reed the
,
han to benner for qpplyrùg on assumptim CH ) .
 And
topology in all this

?
Replace Cat
by Top eplace E by the fenctar

,
Atop Ahull
defined by AF
+Top
-conver
:
IRM
ECA (0,7,0-1,01,-, (0.-10,713 in

+7
,O-n0),
Exrcise Describe the action of Ato on
maphisms
p

Then we have A Top ADA

-T
lagaton
mittens I
Ydw r

s
wzilten H

Instantiating the
definitions we have

A
,
AIn Top CAFp ( ringular complex of
-
the
)
,A)
1 JYnxAFor ( geometric realination of X
x1=
the
)
Exercise Mahe following
sense of frand fx in He
famild and

,
prove it
:
C (-7 NC M
1NC
Categoy suplicial set tep space

Cat " -1 Top

AA
A
ÄÄfslngı
-7
çÁv