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13.2 The Vascular Plant Body-Student Sheet

Vascular plants have specialized tissues and organs that perform key functions. The shoot system includes stems for support and leaves for photosynthesis, while the root system anchors the plant and absorbs water and minerals. Plant cells contain structures like cell walls for support and vacuoles for storage. There are three main types of plant tissues - meristematic tissue for growth, dermal tissue as the outer protective covering, and vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant via the xylem and phloem.

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40 views4 pages

13.2 The Vascular Plant Body-Student Sheet

Vascular plants have specialized tissues and organs that perform key functions. The shoot system includes stems for support and leaves for photosynthesis, while the root system anchors the plant and absorbs water and minerals. Plant cells contain structures like cell walls for support and vacuoles for storage. There are three main types of plant tissues - meristematic tissue for growth, dermal tissue as the outer protective covering, and vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant via the xylem and phloem.

Uploaded by

eshaaljamal27
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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13.

2 The Vascular Plant Body


• Specialized cells  tissues  _____________
• Parts are adapted to perform specific functions (Photosynthesis, cellular respiration,
absorption& transport of water and minerals)
Vascular Plant System
• Shoot system
– ____________________ stems (support and bear reproductive structures)
and leaves (photosynthesis)
• Root system
– _____________________ anchor plant and absorb water and minerals
Leaves, stems and roots are the 3 organ systems in a plant

Plant cells
• Have some structures animal cells do not:
– ________ support
– large central vacuole  ____________ (food
and enzymes)
– chloroplasts  _________________

• Parenchyma cells:
– Most abundant in plants – flexible, thin walled
– Functions: _________________________________________________
– Spherical shape
• Contain chloroplasts in leaves and green stems P.S.
• In roots and fruits large central vacuoles  storage
• Collenchyma cells:
– elongated and occur in long strands or cylinders to provide support (eg.
celery)
– growth pattern of unevenly thickened walls allows for flexibility 
___________________________
• Sclerenchyma cells:
– contain ________________ in secondary cell walls, which makes them
strong  support
– most die once they have completed growth
• Sclereids: short with an irregular shape; distributed randomly 
______________________________
• fibre cells: needle-shaped; form tough, elastic tissue when
stacked end-to-end  ___________________________________
Plant Tissues
• Meristematic: areas where new cells are produced
• Dermal: outer layers of cells that form a protective covering
• Ground: multi-functional tissue inside a plant; includes
______________________________________________________________
• Vascular: internal system of tubes that transports water, minerals, and other
substances;
– two types are xylem and phloem

• Meristematic Tissue:
– Stems and roots increase in length  division of cells in the apical
meristems  ______________________________
– Increase in diameter of roots and stems  division of cells in lateral
meristems (vascular and cork cambium (bark) 
______________________________________
• Dermal Tissue:
– outer covering of the plant
– includes the primary growth ________________ (a single layer of cells in
non-woody and young woody plants) and secondary growth
_______________(found in mature woody plants).
– Specialized epidermal tissue: guard cells, root hairs , and trichomes
• Ground Tissue:
– forms most of the plant’s internal and external material with all cell types
– functions include: ________________________
________________________
• In some stems, roots, and seeds  stores starch and oils

• Vascular tissue:
– made up of tubes that run throughout the stems, connecting roots and
leaves
– transports water and dissolved substances
• Xylem _______________________________________
• Phloem _____________________________________
• Xylem
– xylem consists of two types of cells: tracheids and vessel elements.
– Both types of cells die at maturity  leave their walls as continuous tubes
used for transport
• Phloem
– two types of cells: sieve tube elements and companion cells.
– Both types are alive at maturity
• sieve tubes have companion cells that carries out life functions for
both

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