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4 Addition of Vectors

1) Vectors represent quantities that have both magnitude and direction. Common vectors include displacement, force, and electric current. 2) Vectors obey the triangle law of addition - the sum of two vectors is a single vector. Light rays and electric current have magnitude and direction but do not obey this law, so they are tensors rather than vectors. 3) Key concepts for working with vectors include position vectors, direction cosines, unit vectors, midpoint and section formulas, vector equations of lines and planes, and tests for collinearity and coplanarity.

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17 views

4 Addition of Vectors

1) Vectors represent quantities that have both magnitude and direction. Common vectors include displacement, force, and electric current. 2) Vectors obey the triangle law of addition - the sum of two vectors is a single vector. Light rays and electric current have magnitude and direction but do not obey this law, so they are tensors rather than vectors. 3) Key concepts for working with vectors include position vectors, direction cosines, unit vectors, midpoint and section formulas, vector equations of lines and planes, and tests for collinearity and coplanarity.

Uploaded by

manideeppusala10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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« MATHS 1A

1
BABY BULLET-Q «

4. ADDITION OF VECTORS
(2 X 2) + (1 X 4) = 8 Marks

@IMP FORMULAS, KEY CONCEPTS?


1) Position vector of a point: If P(x, y, z) is a point in space then the PV of P w.r.t O in the
component form is OP r x i  yj  zk . Its length is | OP | | r | x 2  y2  z2
2) Direction Cosines: If a,b,g are the angles made by the vector OP r x i  yj  zk then
x y z
the direction cosines of the vector r are l cos D , m cos E , n cos J

Q
|r| |r| |r|

-
a
3) The unit vector in the direction of the non-zero vector a is a

T
|a |
4.1) Section formula: The PV of C collinear with A,B dividing the line segment joining

A( a ), B( b ) in the ratio m : n is OC
m b  na
L E
L
mn
ab B

U a+ >
4.2) The P.V of the mid point of line segment joining A( a ), B( b ) is b
2

>
B
> b
5) Triangle Law: In DOAB, OA  AB OB Ÿ AB OB  OA O A
a
6.1) If a = t b , t Î R then a , b are collinear vectors.

Y
6.2) The points A( a ), B( b ), C( c ) are collinear Û the vectors AB, AC, are collinear.

B
7.1) The points A( a ), B( b ), C( c ), D( d ) are coplanar Û the vectors AB, AC, AD are coplanar.

A
B
a1 a 2 a 3
7.2) If a a1i  a 2 j  a 3k, b b1i  b 2 j  b3k, c c1i  c2 j  c3k are coplanar then b1 b 2 b3 0
c1 c 2 c3
8.1) The vector equation of the line passing through the point A( a ) and parallel to the vector b is
r a  tb, t  R .

8.2) The vector equation of the line passing through the points A(a), B(b) is r (1  t)a  tb;t  R
9.1) The vector equation of the plane passing through the points A(a), B(b), C(c) is
r (1  s  t)a  tb  sc; t,s  R
9.2) The vector equation of the plane passing through the points A(a), B(b) and parallel to the
vector c is r (1  t)a  tb  sc; t,s  R
9.3) The vector equation of the plane passing through the point A(a ) and parallel to the vectors
b , c is r a  tb  sc; t,s  R
« MATHS 1A
2
BABY BULLET-Q «

BULLET MASTER'S

MATH BEATS!
Vector Þ ~Œ=°ƒì}O
Vectors Þ a, b, c, r ,....i , j, k,....OA, OB, OC, OR,....AB, PQ,...., s, v, a, F (in Physics),....

Vectors Þ Should satisfy Triangle Law of Addition of Vectors.

Light Rays and Electric Current have both Magnitude and Direction

but they don't obey Triangle Law. So, they are not Vectors but are Tensors.

- Q
T
L E
L
U
B
Y
B
A
B

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