B2 FIRST

THIRD EDITION

B2
WORKBOOK
WITHOUT ANSWERS
WITH AUDIO

Frances Treloar
Cambridge University Press
www.cambridge.org/elt
Cambridge Assessment English
www.cambridgeenglish.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781108921916
© Cambridge University Press and Cambridge Assessment 2021
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2012
Second edition 2014
Third edition 2021
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Printed in Mexico by Editorial Impresora Apolo, S.A. de C.V.
A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-108-92191-6 Workbook without answers
The publishers have no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy
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and do not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain,
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 Contents

Map of the units 4

1 Living day to day 6

2 Differing tastes 10

3 Changing places 14

4 Getting creative 18

5 Making your way 22

6 Setting the pace 26

7 Feeling the heat 30

8 Moving ahead 34

9 Breaking news 38

10 Shopping around 42

Exam information 46

CONTENTS 3
 MAP OF THE UNITS

UNIT TOPICS GRAMMAR VOCABULARY

Living day Daily life Present tenses Adjectives ending in

1 to day People Present simple in time clauses -ed and -ing
Character adjectives
Adjective prefixes and suffixes:
-able, -al, dis-, -ful, -ic, im-, -ish,
-itive, -ive, -ous, un-, -y

Differing tastes Food and drink Past tenses Fixed phrases

2 Restaurants
Relationships

Changing places Travel and tourism Modal verbs Dependent prepositions

3 Transport
Festivals and customs

Getting creative Entertainment Verbs followed by to + Phrasal verbs with on

4 (film, music, arts) infinitive or -ing Environmental vocabulary
Leisure Too and enough
Present perfect

Making your way Education, study and learning Countable and uncountable
5 Careers and jobs nouns

Setting Health and fitness Relative clauses (defining and Medical vocabulary
6 the pace Sport non-defining) Phrasal verbs with up

Feeling the heat The environment Conditionals 1–3 Collocations

7 The weather Mixed conditionals

Moving ahead Science Passive forms

8 Technology Articles

Breaking news The media Reported speech and Media vocabulary

9 Celebrities reporting verbs Noun suffixes

Shopping around Shopping and Wish and if only Clothing and shopping
10 consumer goods Causative have vocabulary
Fashion and get Phrasal verbs with out
Extreme adjectives

4
READING USE OF ENGLISH WRITING LISTENING

Part 7: Part 3: Part 2 informal letter: getting Part 1:

multiple matching word formation ideas, informal language multiple-choice questions +
short texts

Part 2: Part 2 article: Part 2:

open cloze narrative linking expressions sentence completion

Part 1: Part 1 essay: Part 3:

multiple-choice cloze linking expressions, for and multiple matching
against

Part 6: Part 4: Part 2 review: Part 4:

gapped text key word transformations descriptive adjectives, multiple-choice questions +
recommendations long text

Part 7: Part 3: Part 2 formal letter of Part 2:

multiple matching word formation application: sentence completion
formal expressions

Part 2: Part 2 letter: Part 1:

open cloze informal language, purpose multiple-choice questions +
links short texts

Part 6: Part 4: Part 1 essay: Part 3:

gapped text key word transformations contrast links multiple matching

Part 5: Part 1: Part 2 article: Part 2:

multiple-choice questions + multiple-choice cloze reason and result links, sentence completion
long text involving the reader

Part 3: Part 2 report: Part 4:

word formation recommending and multiple-choice questions +
Part 4: suggesting long text
key word transformations

Part 4: Part 1 essay: extreme Part 3:

key word transformations adjectives, for and against multiple matching

5
1 Living day to day

Reading and
Use of English Life as a foreign student
Part 7 Four students talk about student life in a country that is not their own

1 Look at the exam task. Answer these

questions. A Emily
I’m an English university student, studying in Utrecht, Holland for
1 How many short texts do you have to read? one year of my law degree. My rented room is out of town, so going
2 What has each person written about? to and from class involves a 20-minute bike ride. Although this isn’t a
demanding route, cycling it was tough at first as I was so unfit. Now,
3 What are the four answer choices you can
I can see that commuting to uni and cycling into town for things
give? like my weekly Dutch lessons have made me much fitter. Learning
Dutch is interesting, but hardly essential since everyone here speaks
2 Now do the exam task. such good English! In town, I also sometimes meet up with friends in
Utrecht’s amazing cafés after uni classes. I particularly like the cafés in
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 6 in the
the converted industrial buildings by the canal, which have a long and
Student’s Book fascinating past that I’ve enjoyed researching online. At weekends, I
go with friends to places like the Domtoren, Utrecht’s famous tower.
Exam task The views from the top are stunning. All in all, I’d highly recommend
studying abroad.
You are going to read an article in which four B Meera
people talk about being a foreign student. For I’m from India, and I’m studying economics at Harvard University,
questions 1–10, choose from the people (A–D). USA. Since being here, I’ve had no time to be homesick or think about
The people may be chosen more than once. much except my classes and coping with the workload, which is a
good thing. My classes start at 8.45, and then it’s constant classes and
Which person helping researchers until 6 pm, with ten minutes for lunch and perhaps
believes she has gained a deeper an hour in the library for my own coursework. In the evening, I might
have to take a progress test, get through several books, and work on
understanding of various issues? 1 assignments. I realise it must sound like I’m living in a highly stressed
is interested in the history of a state, but in fact that’s not how it feels because I’m so delighted to be
feature of the city where she is here. I find the whole experience really stimulating and rewarding.
studying at the moment? 2
expresses appreciation for the convenient
location of her accommodation? 3 Grammar
is aware that she may be creating a
Present tenses
negative impression of her experience? 4
tries to make progress in her course 1 Some of these sentences written by exam candidates
subject while on her way to classes? 5 contain mistakes. Correct any mistakes, using the present
says she initially found getting simple or present continuous.
from her accommodation into 1 Petra is belonging to the only sports club in our town.
the city challenging? 6 2 I’ll do the washing up when you’ll leave.
takes longer getting to classes 3 We’re having a really enjoyable time here in the city.
than she needs to? 7 4 Every day they are sitting at their desks for at least six hours.
mentions acquiring a skill that 5 When you will visit my sister, please take her this present
she regards as unnecessary? 8 from me.
6 The horses are needing their food at five o’clock, but they
is glad that she is too busy to miss
almost never get it on time.
what she’s left behind? 9
7 Nowadays, it becomes increasingly difficult to find a really
felt uneasy about a teaching wild place to go hiking.
method at one time? 10 8 I promise that I’ll explain the problem to Mike when I meet
with him.
6 UNIT 1 LIVING DAY TO DAY
 Listening
Part 1

1 Look at questions 1–4 in the exam task. Answer these

questions.
1 How many speakers will you hear?
C Elsa 2 Will they be female or male voices?
I’m from Sweden, but at the moment I’m living in Singapore, 3 What is the situation?
doing a business degree. About ten minutes before classes
4 What is the focus, e.g. place, opinion, of the
start each morning, I stuff my laptop into my bag, and head to
uni, feeling huge relief that my halls of residence are just five question?
minutes away on foot. Most often, our classes are seminars with
the professor. Although the discussions in these are usually full 2 01 Now listen and do the exam task.
of interesting insights from classmates as well as the prof, this
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 9 in the Student’s Book
type of session, where students question everything, made me
uncomfortable at first and I was concerned I’d learn nothing! I’m
pleased to say I was completely wrong. Although core classes Exam task
end at midday, I often have to attend meetings later about team
projects, and go to electives – additional classes usually unrelated You will hear people talking in four different situations
to core subjects. I’ve done several fascinating electives, such as (in the exam you will hear eight). For questions 1–4,
one on Japanese social history. Being here has shown me how
choose the best answer (A, B or C).
narrow my thinking was. I’ve become much more knowledgeable
about different cultures, politics and lifestyles. 1 You hear a woman talking to a friend in a
D Melanie restaurant. What does the woman want to
I’m an Australian studying French in Nancy, France. It was a while avoid doing?
before I really felt settled here. Having lived in a small outback A driving home through slow traffic
town for most of my life, French city life felt pretty overwhelming. B using public transport to get home
Now, I love it. Every morning I set off for the school, which could
just be a ten-minute walk from my apartment, but is often more C returning home that evening
like half an hour because I take different routes, exploring the 2 You hear a father and his daughter chatting about
historic streets of Nancy. As I walk, I listen to amusing French
podcasts to improve my listening skills. They also make me this weekend. How does the daughter feel about
feel calmer about the day ahead. Since I’m doing an intensive this weekend?
language course, some exhausting days I have six hours of French A She is concerned about how much she will have
classes. I only have two hours on Thursday and Friday though, so to do for her grandma.
generally feel a lot more chilled out by the weekend. After classes,
I meet up with friends in restaurants or work on my French. B She is looking forward to spending time with her
grandma.
C She is hoping to do some baking with her
2 Complete these sentences with the present simple grandma.
or present continuous form of these verbs. Use each 3 You hear a man leaving a phone message for his
verb only once. sister. Why is he calling her?
end not shout own stay take try A to invite her to join him on vacation
B to accept her offer of accommodation
1 I hate novels that without C to confirm some arrangements for a trip
explaining why things happened. 4 You overhear a man and a woman talking in a
2 Debra’s away this week. She shopping centre. What do they agree to do now?
at her parents’ place in the mountains. A find somewhere to have a meal
3 Teachers tend to get better results if they B go to the department store café
at their pupils. C see if they can get something in the sales
4 I’m tired of eating in the canteen, so I
a packed lunch to work.
5 A footballer from Manchester United
that huge house over there.
6 Don’t come in here! I to clean
the floor.

UNIT 1 LIVING DAY TO DAY 7

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 Reading and Now do the exam task.
3

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 12 in the Student’s Book

Use of English Exam task

1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences written
by exam candidates. Add a prefix and/or a suffix to For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word
the underlined words. given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form
a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an
1 He’s your father, so of course he is worry about you
example at the beginning (0).
when you have problems.
2 When Henrik became a senior manager, he felt Example: 0 CHALLENGING
more stressy about work.
3 The most attraction courses I’ve seen so far are all in
London. The effects of social media
4 After the long silence, there was a sudden scream,
and we were all terrorised. Today, it is (0) to CHALLENGE
5 This essay is totally inacceptable because it doesn’t imagine a world without social
answer the question at all. media, which is used by around 3.8
6 It was really surprised to find out that our school billion people (1) . Its GLOBE
was once a luxury hotel. main use is to establish and maintain
7 The stadium was incredibly crowdy so we couldn’t (2) and family ties. FRIEND
get near the stage. Though people find certain aspects
8 Having some time off work will be really enjoyful. of online social communication
9 The conference I went to was extremely (3) , there’s growing WORRY
unorganised and uninteresting. evidence of its positive effects.
10 The city’s fantastic art gallery is full of impressing For example, a study of 1,000
paintings and sculptures. teenagers aged between 13 and
17, found that one in five believed
Part 3 they had more (4) CONFIDENT
communicating on social media
2 Look at the exam task example (0) and answer than in more traditional ways. 28% of
these questions. them also expressed the
(5) that social media BELIEVE
1 What kind of word is needed in the gap: an
made them more outgoing, and
adjective, noun or adverb?
over half said it improved their
2 Does the word describe how people feel about
relationships.
something, or what has caused them to feel that?
3 Does the given word need a suffix or a prefix? (6) have also focused RESEARCH
4 What other change to the given word is needed? specifically on students and social
media use. They have shown that
students who use social media
frequently have better memories and
feel more (7) with their INVOLVE
academic subject. Social media users
also tend to be more innovative,
possibly because social media
provides such a wide and
(8) range of ways to VARY
learn and research.

8 UNIT 1 LIVING DAY TO DAY

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 Writing 2 Read the model email and respond to the
following.
1 Complete the words in italics, adding a letter
or letters.
2 What answers does Francisco give to Sam’s
questions?
3 Find and underline examples of informal
language.

Hi Sam,
Thanks for your email. It was great to hear all
your awesome news.
I think it’s really (1) interest that you have
a close friend who’s so different from you.
Most of my friends are quite similar to me,
but there’s one who’s not. His name’s Juan,
and I’ve (2) know him since we were kids.
But a few years ago he moved to Brazil, a
long way from Mexico, where I live. He’s the
same age as me, but he does things that are
quite (3) usual for people our age. When
Part 2 informal email I’m not studying, I like to do fun things,
But Juan’s a more serious kind of guy. He’s
1 Look at the exam task and answer these questions. much more passionate than me, and one of
1 Who is the email to and who wrote it? the things he’s passionate about is global
2 What does he want you to write about? warming. He’s very (4) concern about its
3 Underline the informal language he uses. effect on the world, so he often (5) take
part in demonstrations and (6) write to
politicians about the issue. I admire what he
Exam task does – he’s really cool. But as I’m in my final
Here is part of an email you have received from Sam, an year at uni, I’m concentrating on (7) get a
English-speaking friend. degree right now, and don’t feel I have much
time for stuff like that.
Write back soon,
Francisco
I met up with Leona yesterday. She’s a good mate, but
very different from me in many ways – she’s six years
older than me and loads more sensible, etc. etc! 3 Plan and write your email to Sam. If possible,
Can you tell me about a friend of yours who’s different use some of Francisco’s expressions, grammar
to you, and explain how they’re different? structures and vocabulary.
Look forward to hearing from you soon. Need help? Go to Quick steps page 13 and the
Writing bank page 120 in the Student’s Book
Write your email to Sam in 140–190 words. Do not write
any addresses.

UNIT 1 ALL ABOUT ME! 9

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2 Differing tastes
a b c
Listening Grammar
Part 2 Past tenses
1 Correct the mistakes in these sentences using
1 Look at the exam task. Answer these questions.
suitable past tenses. In sentences 3 and 8 more than
1 Look at the instructions. Who is the speaker in this one answer is possible.
task? What is the review about?
1 When we chatted in the café, I didn’t notice
2 Look at the gaps for questions 1–10. Which gap or
someone stealing my bag.
gaps can be filled by the following?
2 During the phone call, Felicity was asking him to go
a a role camping at the weekend.
b a place 3 Before I had a computer, I was looking things up in
c a product books.
d a length of time 4 I ran to the cinema and arrived at 7.15 but the film
e an adjective already started.
5 My dad didn’t used to have dinner with us very
2 02 Now listen and do the exam task. often because he worked long hours.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 16 in the Student’s Book 6 My aunt’s beautiful antique vase broke while I
washed it.
Exam task 7 The glass on the table was containing a strange
green liquid.
You will hear a radio presenter reviewing a biography of 8 After Greg had working in the shop for several years,
a chef. For questions 1–10, complete the sentences with he became the manager.
a word or short phrase. 9 When Nick arrived at the party it was late and most
1 The presenter thinks that everyone will find Kwame’s of the other guests went home.
biography a very book.
2 Kwame studied for a while at a ,
which he was forced to leave.
3 When he went to Louisiana, he was hired to work in
the kitchens of a , which was
where he began his career in cooking.
4 In 2010, Kwame went back to New York and became
a in a restaurant.
5 Kwame set up a catering business with money
he earned from selling on
the subway.
6 Kwame’s restaurant, Shaw Bijou, was only open for
before it went out of business.
7 Shaw Bijou had a key who was
responsible for the decision to close it down.
8 The speaker says that what motivated Kwame was a
that was always with him.
9 Kwame’s current restaurant is in a
in Washington.
10 Next week on this programme, the type of book
being reviewed will be a ,
written by an Italian chef.

10 UNIT 2 DIFFERING TASTES

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2 Choose the correct answer to complete the text.

Photographs of food

When I put ‘photos of desserts’ into called Roger Fenton (6) would (9) would be taken / were taken
a search engine this morning, I got photograph / had photographed from the point of view of the eater.
hundreds of millions of results. When richly detailed scenes of food, which Food was laid out on the table,
I (1) was having / had had dinner imitated the ‘still life’ displays of and photos were shot from above,
with a friend last week, he did not objects so brilliantly painted by the looking down, with the plates
start eating each dish until he Dutch masters. He (7) produced / clearly separated. Towards the end
(2) had taken / took endless shots had been producing large prints of the century, romantic lighting,
of it. Whereas the focus of dining of these to be hung as decorative lower angles and adding decorative
(3) was being / used to be the taste works of art. Up until the 20th objects (10) had been / was the
of the food, its appearance and century and the rise of mass- trend. Nowadays, a lot of Western
presentation has become more and produced photographic prints, this food photography aims to display
more important. Taking photos of type of print (8) had been selling / food as simply and naturally as
food has become part of the dining had been sold well. However, with possible, with very few objects
experience, and many restaurants this and other developments in included.
use photos as a key marketing tool. technology, the style and function
So how (4) was all this starting / of food photography began to
did all this start? change dramatically.
The earliest photos of food date back Rather than being works of art,
to the early days of photography photos of food in the beginning
in the nineteenth century. At that and middle of the twentieth
time, photographers (5) were trying century more commonly had
/ tried to establish photography functional purposes such as
as a serious art form. During the illustrations in recipe books. For
1860s, for example, a photographer many years, these photos

UNIT 2 DIFFERING TASTES 11

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 Reading and Vocabulary
Use of English Fixed phrases
Complete the sentences with words from the box.
Part 2
alone attracted company ease fed heart
1 Look at the exam task and answer the following nerves propose shape side sight touch
questions.
1 Jimmy’s in pretty bad because he’s
1 Read the title. What tenses do you expect to see in been ill and unable to exercise.
the text? What do you know about the topic before 2 The play’s main character breaks his lover’s
reading the text? when he runs away to sea.
2 Look at each gap in the text and find one where the 3 I’m up with this cold living room – we
following will fit: a superlative adjective, a relative must get the heating fixed.
pronoun, past tense forms. 4 I just want to be left – I don’t want to
talk about it.
2 Now do the exam task.
5 My advice is, only to Jasmine if you
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 20 in the Student’s think she’ll say yes!
Book 6 I’ve never been to men with beards – I
prefer the clean-shaven look.
Exam task 7 My speaking examiner was nice – he really made me
feel at before we started.
For questions 1–8, read the text below and try to think
8 Drivers who don’t consider other road users really
of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one
get on my .
word in each gap. There is an example at the
9 I don’t feel great, but I’ll come to the birthday dinner
beginning (0).
– I can’t let the down!
Example: 0 WHOSE 10 When you move to the US, let’s make sure we don’t
lose .
A short history of the olive 11 My parents were away, so my cousin came and kept
The olive, (0) botanical name is Olea me in the evenings.
europaea, is a small tree in the family Oleaceae. 12 At first , the hotel looked a bit shabby,
It now grows in many parts of the world, from the but inside it was lovely.
Mediterranean area to (1) far east
as China. However, it probably came originally
from the region (2) is now Iran,
Syria and Palestine, and then spread to the more
western Mediterranean.
The olive is very old. In fact, it is one of the world’s
(3) ancient cultivated trees. By 3,000
BCE, olives (4) already reached the
Greek island of Crete, and were being grown
in (5) to make oil. Olive crops
may have been a source of the great wealth
accumulated by the Minoan Kingdom on Crete
(2700 – 1100 BCE). Olives dating from 2,000 BCE
have also (6) found in Egyptian
tombs. Olive culture (7) passed
on by the early Greeks to the Romans, and as
the Roman Empire grew, so (8) the
world’s love of the olive.

12 UNIT 2 DIFFERING TASTES

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 Writing
Part 2 article

1 Look at the exam task and answer the following

questions.
1 What kind of text will you write, and what is
it for?
2 Which two things do you need to describe?

Exam task
You have seen this announcement in an
international magazine.

Write an article for us with this title:

A celebration meal
Tell us about what you were celebrating and
what happened at the meal.
We will publish the three most interesting
articles next month.

Write your article in 140–190 words.

2 Quickly read the model article and answer

these questions.
A celebration meal
1 What does the first paragraph do? Nowadays, people generally go out for meals more often
A explains the title of the article than when I was young. The only time our family would
B introduces the event in the article eat in a restaurant when I was growing up was when there
2 What was the writer celebrating? was a family celebration of some kind, like a birthday or
3 What happened at the meal? wedding anniversary. (1) ,
3 Look at the model article again. Complete it with such occasions were very memorable.
the linking expressions in the box. One great celebration meal I remember was for my
grandad’s seventieth birthday. My mum organised it,
Although Before long For this reason and Grandad didn’t know anything about it. On the day,
In the meantime Once The moment my parents, sisters, uncles, aunts and cousins arrived at
a posh restaurant before Grandad, and waited for him
4 Plan and write your article. Include what the task
to arrive. (2) , my gran was driving
asks for.
Grandad to the restaurant. She’d told him they were going
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 21 and the to have a quiet meal together, just the two of them.
Writing bank page 124 in the Student’s Book
(3) , we saw them arrive outside the
restaurant. We were so excited! (4)
they entered the room, we all yelled ‘surprise!’ Grandad
nearly fell over when he saw us all there!
(5) he’d got over the shock, he was
totally thrilled that we’d all come to celebrate with him.
(6) it was a wonderful occasion,
I don’t remember anything about what we ate!

UNIT 2 DIFFERING TASTES 13

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3 Changing places a b

c d
Listening Grammar
Part 3 Modal verbs
1 Complete the sentences with a modal verb from
1 Read the exam task instructions.
the box.
1 What is the topic of the five monologues?
2 How many of the options A–H won’t you need to use? can’t have could don’t have to might have
need to should have shouldn’t have
2 What do you think you should do before you listen to
Speaker 1? 1 Georgiou is allergic to nuts, so he
eaten your peanuts;
3 03 Now listen and do the exam task. it’s impossible.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 24 in the Student’s Book 2 It’s OK, we go shopping
tomorrow – I’ve bought what I wanted online.
Exam task 3 You turned your phone off
before the play started!
You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking 4 If you’re free, we go
about a group cycle trip they went on. For questions 1–5, and see Kate’s band tonight – they’re playing
choose from the list (A–H) what each speaker said about the in town.
trip they went on. Use the letters only once. There are three 5 Leah given her grandson
extra letters which you do not need to use. all those sweets – they made him sick!
A The pace we rode at was 6 I go and study in the
just right for me. library tomorrow, so I can’t come to basketball
B I particularly enjoyed meeting practice.
local people. 7 I’m not sure why that meat tasted so strange –
C It was worth riding the difficult it been in the freezer too
sections to get the views. Speaker 1 1 long, or perhaps I didn’t cook it long enough.
D I got on really well with the
2 Correct the exam candidates’ mistakes
rest of the tour group. Speaker 2 2
underlined in these sentences. There may be
E I was surprised at how
Speaker 3 3 more than one possible answer.
attractive the landscape was.
F I was relieved that the route 1 He hasn’t to explain his actions, but I wish
Speaker 4 4 he would.
was not too busy.
G I nearly gave up a couple 2 The shop assistant gave us instructions on
Speaker 5 5
of times. using the food mixer so we needn’t to look it
H The encouragement others up online.
gave me was helpful. 3 I will send you a list of sights you can find
interesting in Porto.
4 Freddie must buy a jumper when he was in
Malta because he forgot to pack one.
5 My grandma lived in this street as a girl – it’s
funny to think that she could play in one of
those gardens!
6 Now Nick has retired he must not wear a suit
every day – he’s really happy about that!
7 When I got to the shop, I’d forgotten what I
needed – I should write a list.
8 Elsa must not have spent all morning cleaning
the house because her visitors didn’t come.

14 UNIT 3 CHANGING PLACES

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 Vocabulary
1 In each of these sentences written by exam
candidates, the dependent preposition is either
wrong or missing. Correct these mistakes.
1 I’ve had no response of the question I sent my tutor.
2 The class is definitely in need for more listening
practice before the exam.
3 My nephew is totally obsessed to dinosaurs at the
moment.
4 Jim’s tired but it’s got nothing to do about studying
– he went to an all-night party on Saturday.
5 After I saw a documentary on global warming, I’ve
become much more conscious with how much
energy I’m using.
6 Ask Dougie to write your reference – he knows how
capable for doing the job you are.
7 I’m emailing with regard of a recent purchase in
your store.
8 How about playing football rather than tennis? It’s a
sport I’m more familiar.

2 Read the sentences and use the missing words to

complete the crossword. All these words are in the
Reading task on Page 23 of the Student’s Book.

1 2

Across
1 Living in a small rural has
advantages and disadvantages.
3 4
3 If you want to do something useful in your free
time, why not become a for a
charity?
5 The play was produced by the school drama
club in with the local theatre.
5 6 7 To reduce global warming, everyone needs
to think about adopting a more
lifestyle.

Down
2 Henry sold his antique car because of the high
costs.
4 The government is planning to launch a healthy
7 8 eating in schools soon.
6 The restaurant has recently been
and now looks better than ever.
8 Jimmy’s told Goldie not to get him a present,
but she’s that she will get him
one. There’s no changing her mind.

UNIT 3 CHANGING PLACES 15

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 Reading and Use of English
Part 1

1 Look at the exam task example (0) and decide if these sentences are true or false.
1 The answer options are all nouns with closely related meanings.
2 There are two correct answers.
3 Choosing the answer depends on knowing some grammar rules.

2 Two gaps involve dependent prepositions. Circle the two gaps.

3 Now do the exam task.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 28 in the Student’s Book

Exam task
For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each
gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example: 0 A type B track C way D route

Tips for planning

a rail trip around Europe

Travelling around Europe by train is a straightforward, relatively cheap (0) C of visiting lots of
different countries. Starting in northern Italy, you could be in Germany, the Czech Republic or Austria in just a
few hours, for example. (1) , when planning a trip it’s advisable to (2) the number of
places you visit, otherwise you’ll see little except the inside of a train. To give yourself enough time to
(3) everything a large city has to offer, you need to stay at least three nights.
Once you’ve (4) on where you want to go, it’s essential to become (5) with the
relevant train routes and timetables. When you look at a map, it might seem that two places look
(6) close, but the journey time turns out to be (7) long. By the time you’ve changed
trains several times, you may have lost a lot of your valuable sightseeing time. Careful planning
(8) you get the right balance between travel and exploring.

1 A Furthermore B Instead C Therefore D However

2 A tighten B limit C suspend D decline
3 A explore B learn C find D realise
4 A selected B settled C picked D opted
5 A knowledgeable B accustomed C familiar D aware
6 A a bit B fairly C slightly D a little
7 A completely B extremely C absolutely D totally
8 A ensures B provides C establishes D maintains

16 UNIT 3 CHANGING PLACES

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 Writing 2 Read the model essay and do the following:
1 Decide what’s wrong with the underlined words/
Part 1 essay phrases, and replace them.
2 Circle the linking phrases.
1 Look at the exam task and answer these 3 Find the three parts which the task notes say you must
questions. include.
1 What question should the essay answer?
One possible argument against schools taking their
2 Whose ideas does an English teacher want to
students away on trips is the cost. No matter how short
read?
or uncomplicated the trip may be, there are travel
3 Is your answer to the question ‘yes’, ‘no’, or
costs involved in taking a group of young people away.
‘yes and no’? Why?
If children’s parents are unable to pay for them, the
school has to fund them, and this may take money
Exam task away from other parts of the curriculum.
In your English class, you have been talking about However, this disadvantage is far outweighed by the
the advantages and disadvantages of schools the advantages. Firstly, and most importantly, going
taking their students away on trips. Now, your out of school to experience cultural events, do new
English teacher has asked you to write an essay. activities or visit spectacular natural landscapes is
extremely educational for young people. It’s a much
Write an essay using all the notes and give
more effective way of learning about the world than
reasons for your point of view.
reading about such stuff in a book or on screen.
Secondly, trips are vital for some children, as they are
Should schools take their students away their only opportunity to travel and see new things.
on trips? Finally, children need stimulation to stay motivated to
learn, so providing a change from the routine of school
Notes
life is really cool for them.
Write about:
1 what students could learn In summary, my answer to this question is yes. I
2 the cost strongly believe that schools should take their students
3 your own idea away on as many trips as possible.

Write your essay in 140–190 words. You must use 3 Plan and write your essay. Don’t forget to use some
grammatically correct sentences with accurate linking words and expressions.
spelling and punctuation in an appropriate style.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 29 and the Writing bank
page 118 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 3 CHANGING PLACES 17

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4 Getting creative
2 Now do the exam task. Use the underlined words in the options

Reading and A–G to help you find the answers.

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 30 in the Student’s Book
Use of English
Exam task
Part 6
You are going to read an article about becoming a scenic painter.
1 Quickly read the first two lines Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from
of the text. What does the writer do? the sentences A–G the one which fits each gap (1–6). There is one
extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Becoming a scenic painter

For 25 years now, I’ve been a ‘scenic painter’. This means range of university courses on offer, which either specialise
it’s been my job to paint the background scenery for in three years training for scenic painting or include it as
productions such as plays and films. part of a more general course.
To most people, the role of the scenic painter is an invisible Another path to being a scenic painter for a few lucky
one. Who thinks much about the scenery when they go people is a formal apprenticeship. I would have loved
to see a movie or a play? 1 On trips to the theatre, I to do the one offered by the Royal Opera House, for
never considered the scenery, even though I decided in my example. Their two-year scenic art apprenticeship is a great
teens that the only career I was interested in was one that combination of on-the-job learning and training in the core
involved painting or drawing. And I’m not unusual: all my techniques. 5 Most aspiring scenic painters realise
scenic-painter colleagues started off as portrait painters, it would make the perfect start to a career: learning in one
illustrators or costume designers. None came directly from of the world’s best studios, gaining industry contacts and
education into scenic painting. being paid while you’re gaining all these benefits!
It was pure luck that got me into it. In my final year of a I never regret the career path I took, however, and wouldn’t
degree in fine art, I heard that a scenic artist was setting up change any of it. The experience I gained in my first job
a studio near where I was living. I contacted her to enquire enabled me to get work in a big London theatre. After
about the possibility of some kind of training just as she was about ten years I went freelance, working for many different
looking for an assistant. I got the job mainly because I was companies, supplying scenery art for all kinds of theatre,
keen, had a strong portfolio of paintings, and was ready to ballet, opera and musicals. 6 Other great aspects
work hard. 2 Essentially, I was the right person in the are the creativity involved and the fact it’s so absorbing. A
right place at the right time. twelve-hour day of work to finish a project often flashes by
Working as an assistant to an expert scenic painter gave in what seems like a moment.
me the perfect base for my career. 3 This involved
learning to use many different kinds of paints, frames and A However, the choices available were more limited
styles, and being guided in experimentation. But in addition back then.
to these practical aspects, my boss built my confidence and B As you might expect, the main element was getting
introduced me to some very useful contacts. trained in the technical side of the job.
Learning on the job, as I did, is one of several different ways C This variety is one of the things I love about my job.
into the industry. If I’d been more aware of this line of work D This approach was difficult, but all my hard work
at a younger age, I could have gone straight from school to paid off in the end.
do an undergraduate degree in it, or done a post graduate E I certainly didn’t before I became the person
course later. 4 Nowadays, there’s an extremely wide creating it.
F The fact that I was local was also a big plus.
G It goes without saying that competition for a place
on such a scheme is tough.

18 UNIT 4 GETTING CREATIVE

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 a b c

Grammar 2 Now do the exam task.

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 35 in the Student’s Book
too and enough,
present perfect, Exam task
verb + infinitive / -ing
For questions 1–6, complete the second sentence so
Correct the mistakes in these sentences written that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
by exam candidates. In some cases, more than one the word given. Do not change the word given. You
answer is possible. must use between two and five words, including the
word given. Here is an example (0).
1 Don’t get any more cheese – I already have
bought lots. Example:
2 I dislike to sleep during the day – it just feels wrong! 0 Even though we set off at 6.30 am, it was too late to
3 If you don’t hurry up, we won’t have enough time avoid the rush hour traffic.
for eat a meal before the film starts. EARLY
4 Some new neighbours just have moved into the flat Even though we set off at 6.30 am, it
next door. WASNÕT / WAS NOT EARLY ENOUGH to avoid
5 I’ll start the book you recommended when I’ve the rush hour traffic.
finished to read this one.
6 They haven’t still met Patrick’s new girlfriend. 1 They got married about ten years ago.
7 We’ll have to book a hotel – it’s too far for us going FOR
just for the day. They
8 Greta regrets to give away her guitar. She’d like to about ten years.

2 The rock star stopped performing live in 2018.

SINCE
The rock star
2018.

3 Jasmine ran and only stopped when she was too

tired to continue.
WENT
Jasmine
she was too tired to continue.

4 Amy’s happy to drive if you don’t want to.

MIND
Amy if you
take it up again now. don’t want to.
9 I like my new flat, but I miss to be able to walk to the 5 These instructions aren’t simple enough for me to
shops like I could from my old flat. follow.
10 Pedro’s really unfit because he hasn’t done any COMPLICATED
exercise since a few years. These instructions
for me to
Reading and follow.

Use of English 6 I gave up learning Japanese writing after trying for

three months.
ATTEMPTED
Part 4 I in
Japanese but gave up after three months.
1 Look at the exam task instructions and answer these
questions.
1 What is the maximum number of words you should
write in the gap?
2 Look at the example. What changes had to be made
for the answer?
UNIT 4 GETTING CREATIVE 19

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 Listening Exam task
You will hear a man called Toby Jackson telling a
Part 4 friend about his job as an animator, someone who
creates pictures and makes them into cartoons or
1 Read the exam task. Are the following true or false? videos. For questions 1–7, choose the best answer (A,
Give reasons for your answers.
B or C).
Task instructions
1 Toby says that his current company, Donut,
1 You will hear just one person speaking in the
specialises in animations used in
recording.
A sources of government information.
2 In the recording, Toby’s friend is talking about
B commercial advertising campaigns.
her job.
C educational materials.
3 Each question has four answer options.
2 How does Toby feel about the research he is
What we can learn before listening
doing for his work?
4 Toby works for a company called Donut.
A impatient to get it finished
5 Toby works in a large team.
B grateful to be learning from specialists
6 Toby enjoys his job.
C pleased to be gaining some in-depth
2 04 Now listen and do the exam task. knowledge

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 32 in the Student’s Book 3 Toby likes working in a small team because he is
A involved in every stage of big projects.
B allowed to work alone on some parts of
projects.
C supported by colleagues throughout each
project.

4 Toby finds his work satisfying because what he

creates is
A totally original.
B highly skilled.
C constantly improving.

5 What does Toby say about putting fun into his

work?
A The nature of the work usually makes it easy.
B He sometimes forgets to focus enough on it.
C In certain situations it’s hard to achieve.

6 What does Toby say about new projects?

A He is not good at starting them off.
B He dislikes being in charge of the initial stages.
C Developing the story takes him a long time.

7 Toby thinks that advances in technology mean

A the only limit on what to animate is his
imagination.
B it is virtually impossible to keep up with the
speed of change.
C animators can be selective about what they use.

20 UNIT 4 GETTING CREATIVE

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 Vocabulary Exam task

Two-part verbs with on An art website is looking for reviews of places to see art. You
decide to write a review for the website. Describe a place where
Match the two halves of the sentences. you have seen art and say what you think of it. Would you
recommend this place to other people?
1 Please just hang
2 Tom won’t be able to walk tomorrow Write your review in 140–190 words.
if he carries 2 Read the model essay and write the correct paragraph
3 I’ve got an essay to do so I want number.
to focus
a This paragraph tells you the positive
4 Marcus is nice – if you want a cheerful points about the place.
companion you can always rely
b This paragraph tells you a few basic facts
5 That fish is not ready yet – keep about the place.
6 Ollie and Greta need to decide c This gives you a recommendation.
7 The factory is taking d This paragraph tells you a couple of
8 The teacher wants Dan to attend the negative things about the place.
extra lesson but she won’t insist
9 Eric spends a lot of his free
Sculptures in the forest
time working
10 In his books, the novelist draws
1 I recently visited Greybeck Forest with a friend to see
11 Matt gave up collecting watches the sculptures that have been put there. There are thirty
and moved sculptures in total, and you can walk around them all in
12 This car is environmentally about two hours.
friendly – it runs
2 Greybeck forest is nice, and if you are interested in nature,
a on running that fast. you will enjoy seeing all the different trees, flowers and
b on him going. birds that live there. The sculptures are a nice mixture of
c on frying it for a bit longer. different shapes, styles, and sizes, from some small metal
d on to antique books. bells hanging from a tree, to a big wooden circle. A big part
e on an old car he bought last year. of the fun is finding the sculptures in the forest, following a
f on extra office staff. free map that you can get from the visitor centre. The only
g on a minute. I’m not ready to go yet. thing you have to pay for is the parking for your car.
h on electricity.
3 The cost of parking is quite high, which is one of the only
i on finishing that before I start planning my downsides to this place. The other downside is the walk. It
weekend. took us two hours to see all the sculptures, and the path was
j on a date for the wedding. quite difficult in places. So it may not be good for everyone.
k on him.
l on his childhood experiences. 4 However, if you enjoy walking and art, I recommend seeing
Greybeck Forest sculptures. It is a nice place to spend a
sunny afternoon.
Writing
Part 2 review 3 Replace the underlined adjectives with the following:

beautiful fascinating huge steep

1 Look at the exam task and answer
these questions. suitable tiny wonderful

1 What must your review be about? 4 Now do the exam task. Write about anywhere you like: an
2 Where will people read your review? area of street art, galleries, school exhibitions, art on public
3 What must you include in your review? transport or in city centres, etc.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 37 and the Writing bank page
122 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 4 GETTING CREATIVE 21

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5 Making your way

Reading and Exam task

You are going to read a magazine article in which four doctors talk
Use of English about why they chose a career in medicine. For questions 1–10,
choose from the doctors (A–D). The sections may be chosen more
Part 7 than once.

1 Write down some reasons why someone Which doctor

might want to be a doctor. says she joined the medical profession
unusually late in life? 1
2 Look at the exam task without reading the
texts. Are these statements true or false? mentions how she felt at the beginning
Explain why the false ones are not true. of her training? 2
mentions how she was encouraged to
1 The writers of the four texts are all
become a doctor in a way that was
doctors now.
not obvious at the time? 3
2 When you read, you will learn mainly
about what they want to do in the future. says she has never considered any
3 You should find just one answer in each other career? 4
of the texts. struggled against her parents
4 The questions are in the same order that when she was younger? 5
the answers occur in the texts. changed her mind about her career after
hearing someone speak about their work? 6
3 Read the questions for this task and
underline the key points you will need to admits that she had an uncommon
look for when you read. free-time activity when she was a child? 7
says she continues to be inspired by
4 Now do the exam task.
other doctors? 8
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 38 in the
says that certain personal qualities are
Student’s Book
essential to her role? 9
mentions someone recommending that
she began a career in medicine? 10

22 UNIT 5 MAKING YOUR WAY

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 A Olivia B Nadia
I grew up as the only daughter of two successful doctors When I was about twelve, my younger brother developed
who set me extremely high standards for everything I did, a health condition which meant he had lots of contact with
from doing the washing up to passing my exams. I fought doctors. I’ve always been very curious, and I bombarded
this all through my teens, but now I can see the benefits of my parents constantly with questions about my brother’s
setting yourself ambitious goals. In this job you have to be illness. In their answers, I got many insights into what the job
disciplined and extremely hardworking. I didn’t realise it at entailed. However, if anything, this experience put me off
the time, but my mum and dad were also inspiring me to a career in medicine because the amount to learn seemed
go into medicine from a very young age. Over the years, overwhelming. Possibly as a result of this, I was more mature
the most powerful impact was made not by giving me than most people when I came to medicine as I’d already
information or practical help, but simply through the passion done an arts degree, got married and started work in a
with which they spoke about their work and their patients. library. Then I lost my job, and my husband, who’s a doctor
As well as this, though, they did take me to their hospital to himself, suggested I look into medical training because he
show me what they had to do as doctors, and Mum arranged thought I’d make a good doctor. I couldn’t think of a reason
work experience for me there before I went to university. not to and now, I’m loving every minute of being in this
profession.

C Emma D Marianne
I’m often asked what made me follow in my father’s footsteps Essentially, what motivated me to become a doctor was the
and become a doctor. My dad’s the son of immigrants, desire to help others. I’ve always wanted to work in a job that
and he was the first doctor in his family. Although his was really worthwhile, and what could be more so than this?
parents pushed him really hard to do well at school, that However, as I didn’t have any role models for this calling in
didn’t bother him because he enjoyed science, maths and my family, I thought when I was about 15 that I might like to
languages, and rarely had any difficulty with his studies be a youth worker or a social worker. Then we had a visitor at
because he’s exceptionally clever. I enjoyed school too. As school giving a talk about his job as a cancer specialist. That
far back as I can remember, I’ve always just assumed I was focused me on medicine, and as soon as I started medical
going to be a doctor. The only subjects that really interested school, I knew I’d chosen the right career for me. That’s
me were the sciences, and on weekends, Dad would take where I not only learnt the practical skills, but I also started
me with him to work at the hospital. It all seemed perfectly to make the connections with patients that make this job so
natural then, but in retrospect, it was a rather bizarre way for rewarding. And now, whenever I work with young medical
a young girl to spend her free time! students and newly qualified doctors, I’m reminded of my
initial motivations. Their joy, passion and desire to serve
others helps me maintain enthusiasm for my work.

Grammar
Countable and uncountable nouns
Some of these sentences written by exam candidates contain mistakes.
Correct any mistakes and tick (✓) the sentences that are correct.
1 Our biology teacher always gives us a lot of homeworks to do over the weekend.
2 It’s OK, I don’t need any helps. I can change the tyre myself.
3 We did some research into various marine mammals for our project.
4 I think studying online increases our knowledges more quickly than reading books.
5 You need to get work experience at a scientific institution such as a university.
6 I’d like some advices about the best way to make a lemon tart.
7 Plastic rubbishes can be found in almost every part of every ocean.
8 I don’t get much time for leisures because of my long working day.
9 Average earning in this country are increasing more slowly than the price of food.
10 The only means of crossing the channel to the island is by ferry.

UNIT 5 MAKING YOUR WAY 23

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 Reading and Listening
Use of English Part 2

Part 3 1 Look at the exam task instructions.

1 What is Leila’s job?
1 Read the title of the exam text only and complete these predictions.
2 How long should your answers be?
1 I expect the text to contain vocabulary relating to work / education.
2 I expect the text to be about a specific career change / career
2 Look at the exam task questions 1–10
changes in general. and think of some words that could fit in
each gap.
2 Look at the example (0) in the text and choose the correct option to 3 05 Now listen and do the exam task.
complete these sentences.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 41 in the
1 The answer is a countable noun / an uncountable noun.
Student’s Book
2 The answer is singular / plural.

3 Look at the words before and after the example gap (0) in the text. Exam task
Underline two words which show you the answer is plural or singular. You will hear a woman called Leila Osman
4 Now do the exam task. talking on a podcast about working as
a bike courier in London. For questions
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 44 in the Student’s Book
1–10, complete the sentences with a word
or short phrase.
Exam task
Leila says the best thing about her job is
For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals the (1) it gives her.
at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the
Leila works for a company which provides
same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
her with a (2) to use at work.
Example: 0 EMPLOYEES Leila admits the (3) that she
bought for work cost her a lot of money.
The push that made a career change happen Leila’s (4) taught her to
Many (0) who have had one job for a EMPLOY repair tyres.
while may dream about doing something different. Leila says in large, modern buildings, she
However, few make the dream a (1) REAL usually collects items from the
because the thought of having to start from the (5) .
beginning again can be too (2) . TERRIFY When Leila tells the courier company that
Occasionally, though, a helpful push in a new direction she is (6) , she means she is
occurs (3) . This happened to Alex, who EXPECTED ready to take more jobs from them.
was working in a coffee shop.
When Leila chats with other couriers about
Lucy works for an (4) agency near the EMPLOY the job, one thing they complain about is
coffee shop, and she goes there for breakfast. She their (7) .
noticed that Alex had (5) customer IMPRESS
Leila usually works for (8)
service skills. Alex was always smiling, helpful and
hours a day.
never got orders wrong. So when a (6) VACANT
for a customer services position came up in a Leila says she found it hard to build her
telecommunications company that her agency (9) in riding a bike in the
represents, Lucy thought of Alex. city.
Lucy spoke to her manager, who agreed to ask Alex Leila would like to become a
to apply. Alex was ready for a career change, so, with (10) in the future.
Lucy’s (7) and advice, he accepted ENCOURAGE
the challenge. He joined the company as a
(8) on a six month contract, but was TRAIN
offered a permanent position after just two months.

24 UNIT 5 MAKING YOUR WAY

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 Writing Dear Rob,
I am writing in response to your
Part 2 formal letter of application advertisment in the newspaper for a
photographer’s assisstant. I want to apply
1 Look at the exam task and answer these questions. 5 for the job.
I am currently a student at Hillview College,
1 What is the job and how long is it for? studying photography and art. I am very
2 Why is it helpful to speak English in this job? keen to gain some experience with a
3 What three questions must you answer in your proffessional photographer, as it is my
letter? 10 ambition to be one in the future. Because I
4 How will this letter be different from an email to a have studied photography, I reckon I have
good friend? tons of skills that would be useful in this
job.
I will also be able to help you give
Exam task
15 instructions to wedding guests about
You have seen this job advertisement in an English- where they should stand, etc. because I
language newspaper. speak several languages. I have reached
intamediate level in both English and
French, and elementry level with Chinese.
Photographer’s assistant wanted 20 My native language is Spanish.
My term finishes at the end of May, and after
that time, I’ll be able to work any day and
A fun job helping a photographer take for the time you want. Before that, I would be OK to
pictures at large summer weddings summer
only work in the evenings and at weekends.
for couples from around the world 25 I enclose my CV, and I look forward to
hearing from you.
Please write to the photographer, Mr Robert Kelly, saying Best wishes,
• when you will be able to start work Emilio Juan
• how well you can speak English and any other
languages
• why you are interested in doing this job

Write your letter of application in 140–190 words in

an appropriate style.

2 Read the model letter and find where each of the

following is mentioned. Write the correct line number
or numbers next to each one.
Line number(s)
1 what he has sent with the letter
2 answer to bullet point 3
3 where he found out about the job
4 his relevant experience 3 Change the underlined words in the model letter to
5 answer to bullet point 1 more appropriate ones.
6 answer to bullet point 2
1 4 Find and correct five spelling mistakes in the model
7 a reason for writing
letter.
5 Plan and write your letter. Follow the instructions in
the exam task.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 45 and the Writing bank
page 120 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 5 MAKING YOUR WAY 25

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6 Setting the pace

Listening
Part 1

1 Look at questions 1–4 in the exam task. Statements 1–6

below are false, explain why.
1 Questions 1–4 all involve the same speakers.
2 In Question 1, the running coach is complaining about
some runners.
3 In Question 2, the mother has a headache.
4 Question 3 focuses on the man’s opinion.
5 Question 4 focuses on a detail mentioned by the woman.
6 This exam task is exactly the same as Part 1 in the exam.

2 06 Now listen and do the exam task.

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 48 in the Student’s Book

Exam task Grammar

You will hear people talking in four different situations (in the Relative clauses
exam you will hear eight). For questions 1–4, choose the best
answer (A, B or C). 1 Some of these sentences written by exam
candidates contain mistakes. Correct any
1 You hear a running coach giving advice about the week
mistakes and/or add any missing commas. Tick
before a marathon.
the sentences that are correct.
What kind of advice does she give?
A how to maintain the right level of physical fitness 1 That’s the house where we used to live in
B how to assess any injuries that may occur when I was a child.
C how to deal with an issue mentally 2 The athlete which won a gold medal four
years ago only managed 10th place this year.
2 You hear a woman phoning her daughter about an 3 Nobody wants to sit at the table where is
arrangement for tonight. nearest to the door – it’s too cold.
What does the woman say about her back problem? 4 Leo’s favourite programmes are
A She has tried to treat it without success. documentaries which is surprising for a ten-
B She wants to stop it becoming more serious. year-old.
C She thinks it is worse now than it has been before. 5 The doctor, who I’ve never been to before,
3 You hear a man talking about a change in his diet. gave me some very effective tablets.
He says one effect of the diet is that 6 Do you know who’s phone this is? I just found
A he realises how unhealthy he is. it on the floor.
B he is able to achieve more. 7 In October, when I start university, my mum’s
C he lacks energy at times. renting my room to a lodger.
8 I’m lucky to have a piano teacher whose flat is
4 You hear a woman giving advice to footballers about in the same block as mine.
looking after their feet. 9 My hair was cut by Ricardo who went to
What advice does she give them? school with me.
A Check your feet and boots after playing. 10 I visited the town which my mum grew up
B Get yourself the right boots. last summer.
C Treat any foot injuries immediately.

26 UNIT 6 SETTING THE PACE

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2 Complete these sentences with suitable relative 2 Use the clues to complete the crossword. Then write a word
pronouns. Add commas where necessary. In using the letters in the shaded boxes.
some cases, more than one answer is possible. Across
Which of the relative pronouns in 1–6 could we 1 A doctor gives you a … for tablets or medicines.
leave out? 5 There is growing recognition that a person’s … health
1 The tennis club I learnt to affects their physical health.
play is shutting down soon. 7 Listening to calming music can have a … effect.
2 My neighbour I’ve 9 If you have an eye …, it can affect your ability to see.
known since I was very young has just won a 10 If a bone is broken in more than one place, it can take a
medal at the Olympics. long time to … .
3 Why don’t you want this fish
Down
I’ve just cooked for you?
2 When you get ill, you hope for a quick … .
It’s really healthy!
3 Health … systems vary a lot from country to country.
4 I think the university’s new facilities will be
4 If you have a very high …, you feel hot and unwell.
great for students are
6 When you have a deep or large cut, you may need a nurse
studying sport.
to give you some … .
5 Tom plays handball he
8 Drinking herbal tea can … headaches.
learnt to play at school in the local league.
6 Roger Federer is a tennis player Letters from the shaded boxes make the word:
achievements will be
hard to beat.
1 2 3 4

Vocabulary
1 Replace the underlined words with phrasal 5
verbs formed by adding up to the correct form
of these verbs.

dress heal speed stay use tidy

6 7 8
1 I don’t like wearing special clothes
when I go out. It makes
me feel uncomfortable. 9
2 If you’re serious about being an elite
runner, you have to stop going to bed
so late.
3 The nasty cut on my finger took a long time to
get better .
10
4 Before we cook dinner, we need to clear away
all the mess my little
brother made earlier.
5 I’ve finished all the sun
cream we had – can you get some more when
you go shopping?
6 If the driver in second place doesn’t go faster
now, he’s going to lose
the race.

UNIT 6 SETTING THE PACE 27

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 Reading and Use of English
Part 2

Need help? Go to Quick steps Part 2 page 52 in the Student’s Book

Exam task
For questions 1–8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap.
Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Example: 0 ONE

Angela Eiter: rock superstar!

Angela (‘Angy’) Eiter from Austria is (0) of the
best female rock climbers in the world. The (1)
outstanding thing she achieved in competitive climbing was
winning the World Championships, (2) she won
for the first time in 2004, and three more times after that.
In (3) to her competition wins, Angy has
climbed many of the world’s hardest routes on rock. In 2017,
after overcoming a serious shoulder injury, Eiter reached the
peak (4) her climbing career, when she
climbed a route called La Planta di Shiva in Spain.
Only two other people, both men, have
ever managed (5) climb
anything more difficult.
Angela (6) longer climbs
competitively, but she still climbs professionally
all around the world. She says it’s not
the difficulty of climbs that’s important.
(7) matters to her is
developing her ability to climb in a
wider variety of contexts. Eiter also
coaches young athletes to push
themselves to their limits, just
(8) she has
done herself.

28 UNIT 6 SETTING THE PACE

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 Writing
Part 2 letter

1 Look at the exam task and answer these

questions.
1 Who is Toni?
2 How many questions does Toni ask in
the letter?
3 How do you know this is an informal letter?
4 How many words must you write?

Exam task
Here is part of a letter you have received from an
English-speaking friend, Toni.

At the moment, I’m trying to improve my

diet by eating more fruit and vegetables.
I’m finding it really hard because I prefer
chocolate and cakes! Do you always try
to eat healthily? What sort of food do Opening
Hi Toni,
you eat? And what else do you do to formula
keep fit and healthy? Write back soon! 1 It was great to get your letter and to hear about
All the best, what you’re doing at the moment. Well done for
Toni trying to improve your diet. I agree eating healthily
isn’t easy – I love chocolate and cakes too!
2 In answer to your first question, I’d say my diet’s
generally quite healthy. My dad insists I eat dinner
Write your letter in 140–190 words in an
with him every evening he
appropriate style.
can make sure I eat plenty of vegetables and fruit.
2 Read the model letter and answer the following And although I like sweet things, I only have them
questions. occasionally. I have to admit though, that when I’m
at college, I often have a burger and fries for lunch.
1 Which paragraph answers Toni’s first I know they’re not good for me but I can’t resist
question? them!
2 Which paragraph answers Toni’s third
3 You also asked me about what else I do to stay fit
question?
and healthy. One thing I do is a lot of walking – I
3 What does Mick do in the first paragraph?
have to, as I haven’t got my driving licence yet. I
4 What other opening and closing formulas
walk to college and to friends’ houses nearby. I
could Mick use in this letter to his friend?
also go to bed quite early to
3 Write a suitable purpose link in the two gaps in get plenty of sleep. That’s a nice, easy way to stay
the text. healthy!
4 Plan and write your letter. Follow the Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
instructions in the exam task. Closing All the best,
formula Mick
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 53 and the
Writing bank page 120 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 6 SETTING THE PACE 29

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7 Feeling the heat

Reading and
Use of English Bamboo: a building material of the past and for the future
Of all the substances humans use, only water is used in larger amounts
Part 6 than concrete. Concrete, which is made from cement, water and stone,
is an incredibly valuable construction material. However, cement
1 Read the exam task instructions. manufacturing releases high levels of CO2, concrete mixing requires huge
Answer these questions. quantities of water, and concrete buildings absorb the sun’s heat, making
urban areas hotter. Consequently, many engineers and building designers
1 What building material is the article
are trying to find alternative construction materials.
about?
2 How many extra sentences are there? For thousands of years, bamboo has been used as a building material
across Asia and South America, where it grows easily and abundantly.
2 Now do the exam task. Use the words Today, there are over six million hectares of this plant being grown in
underlined in the text to help you China, and ten million people are employed in industries relating to
choose the right answer. bamboo cultivation and use. 1 Bamboo can tolerate greater tension
than mild steel, and can stand twice as much pressure as concrete.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 54 in the
Now that there is a need for more sustainable building methods to combat
Student’s Book
global warming, modern architects from around the world are turning to
bamboo as an alternative to steel and concrete. In 2019, Italian architect
Exam task Mauricio Cardenas Laverde completed one of the largest bamboo
You are going to read an article about projects in China, the Bamboo Eye pavilion, an outstanding example
building with bamboo. Six sentences of what can be done with it. 2 Not only does this mean that the
have been removed from the article. building required no concrete or steel in its construction, but the 5,000
Choose from the sentences A–G the one poles required to build it were harvested locally from a bamboo forest, so
transportation demands were kept to a minimum.
which fits each gap (1–6). There is one
extra sentence which you do not need The Bamboo Eye pavilion resembles a long, low, smooth hill. Its rounded
to use. outline is created with bamboo arches, which are nine metres high, and
span a width of 32 metres. 3 As well as turning the bamboo from
A Rather than tiles or slates, this is green to a golden yellow, this treatment helps to extend its life.
covered in thousands of little plants. Being made of moso bamboo, a type that has the shape of a round tube,
B These forms were bent into shape the frame that holds the pavilion up is relatively lightweight: another
through a fire baking process. advantage of this amazing material, which makes it easier to move and
C The 1,600-square-metre structure is work with than materials like concrete. Yet this structure is also strong
made entirely of this natural material. enough to bear the weight of a green roof. 4 As well as being a
D The massive bamboo pavilion was more sustainable roofing method, this also helps the pavilion blend in
designed to reflect this theme. with the countryside that surrounds it.
E Instead of being thrown into land- The Bamboo Eye was built to house the International Horticultural
fill like conventional building waste, Exhibition in Beijing, a six-month show attracting visitors from all over
bamboo will biodegrade. the world to see show gardens and flower displays. The exhibition
F One of the reasons for its enduring emphasises how to live closer to nature in a more sustainable way, with
appeal is its remarkable strength. as little damage to the environment as possible. 5 It does so by
G For example, without treatment to showcasing the architectural possibilities of bamboo in low-carbon
protect bamboo from insects and the construction.
weather, it doesn’t have the lifespan Indeed, Laverde hopes his bamboo pavilion proves to people all over
of concrete. the world that bamboo is a construction material of the future. Of course,
bamboo does have disadvantages, which have to be overcome when
used in building. 6 However, as long as a structure made from
bamboo is looked after properly, it can last hundreds of years. And after
that, it can be easily and cheaply replaced with another structure made
from bamboo – the ultimate renewable material.

30 UNIT 7 FEELING THE HEAT

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 Vocabulary 2 07 Now listen and do the exam task.
Collocations
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 57 in the Student’s Book
Match these words to form collocations about
environmental issues. Exam task
1 industrial a icecaps You will hear five short extracts in which people are giving
2 acid b change advice about taking a more sustainable approach to clothes.
3 carbon c farming For questions 1–5, choose from the list (A–H) what advice each
4 melting d spill speaker gives. Use the letters only once. There are three extra
5 fossil e rain letters which you do not need to use.
6 solar f gases
7 oil g waste A Transform items you already
8 climate h fuels own.
9 global i footprint B Repair damaged items rather
10 greenhouse j diet than replacing them.
C Buy things for Speaker 1 1
11 intensive k power
12 plant-based l warming long-term use.
D Do not buy items made from Speaker 2 2
certain fabrics.

Listening E Buy good quality second-hand

clothes.
Speaker 3 3

F Do not follow the latest Speaker 4 4

Part 3
fashions too closely.
G Plan your clothes purchases Speaker 5 5
1 Read the exam task instructions and answer
carefully.
these questions.
H Do not let people’s reactions to
1 What is the topic of the five monologues? your efforts stop you.
2 How many of the options A–H won’t you
need to use?
3 What do you think you should do before
you listen to Speaker 1?

UNIT 7 FEELING THE HEAT 31

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 a b c
Grammar Exam task

Conditionals 1–3, For questions 1–6, complete the second sentence so

that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using
mixed conditionals
the word given. Do not change the word given. You
Some of these sentences written by exam must use between two and five words, including the
candidates contain mistakes. Correct any mistakes. word given. Here is an example (0).

1 Jean Paul would be more likely to get a job if he Example:

would have some qualifications. 0 It rained heavily, which caused the river to rise.
2 If I were you, I wouldn’t sell your bike, because you RISEN
might need it one day. The river
3 If Diana hadn’t give me a lift, I wouldn’t be here WOULD NOT / WOULDNÕT HAVE RISEN IF it
so early. hadn’t rained heavily.
4 If her friend hadn’t encouraged her, she won’t have
1 It was only because Harry helped us that we
bought such an expensive suit.
managed to get the wardrobe upstairs.
5 The party will be a disaster unless we get a DJ
ABLE
booked soon.
If Harry hadn’t helped us, we
6 If the flat had been further out of the city, they
to get the
wouldn’t have bought it.
wardrobe upstairs.
7 If Holly had worked harder, she wouldn’t have been
unemployed now. 2 Most of the town’s population is happy for more
8 Would so many people want to go to the restaurant trees to be planted in the centre.
if it hadn’t been on the TV? FAVOUR
9 Jimmy would have crashed into the deer if it didn’t Most residents of the town
run off the road just in time. more trees
10 If they hadn’t closed the sports centre, people in this being planted in the centre.
town wouldn’t be so unfit now.
3 Children can’t go into the wildlife park while work to

Reading and
build the new pond continues.
PROGRESS
While building work on the new pond
Use of English , children
are not allowed into the wildlife park.
Part 4
4 Despite getting many warnings from scientists
1 Read the exam instructions. about global warming, governments have done
little to stop it.
1 What must not be changed when you write your
EVEN
answer?
Governments have done little to stop global
2 What must be the same in the first and second
warming
sentences?
given them many warnings about it.
3 Should you write just one word for your answer?
5 You shouldn’t get a job in conservation unless
2 Read the example. How do you know you need to
you’re really passionate about it.
write a clause with if?
IF
3 Now do the exam task. You should get a job in conservation only
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 60 in the Student’s deal of
Book passion for it.

6 The increased use of traditional farming methods

might bring wildlife back to the countryside.
USED
If traditional farming methods
often,
wildlife might return to the countryside.

32 UNIT 7 FEELING THE HEAT

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 Writing
Recently, there has been a lot of discussion in the
Part 1 essay media about the impact of plastic rubbish on the
environment. Plastic, a material made from oil, creates
1 Look at the exam task and answer these a particularly bad waste problem because it cannot
questions. be broken down by natural means. Consequently, it
1 How many words is the minimum you stays with us forever.
should write? Business sectors such as the food and drinks industry
2 What is the topic of the essay? rely heavily on various types of plastic. Because it is
3 Do you agree with the statement? strong, waterproof and flexible, plastic is the ideal
4 Should you write about what you think? packaging material for keeping products fresh and
undamaged during transportation and when they are
Exam task on sale in shops.
However, although some of this plastic packaging
You have had a class discussion on the harm
can be recycled, it all eventually gets dumped in
plastic waste does to the environment. Now, your
landfill, where it pollutes the ground. A huge amount
teacher has asked you to write an essay. Write an
also ends up in the ocean, where it poisons fish and
essay using all the notes and give reasons for your
other sea animals. Conservationists say they have
point of view.
found plastic in every part of every ocean.
To prevent this problem from getting even worse,
All plastic packaging should be banned. we need to find new ways to package products.
Do you agree? Nowadays, there are some good alternatives to plastic.
While they have the same properties as plastic, they
Notes will biodegrade over time. If we want to save our
Write about: oceans we need to stop using oil-based plastic.
1 keeping food fresh
2 plastic in the oceans
3 your own idea

Write your essay in 140–190 words. You must use

grammatically correct sentences with accurate
spelling and punctuation in an appropriate style.

2 Look at the four words in bold that begin

sentences in the essay. What do they signal?
1 means you should expect a
contrast within the sentence.
2 means you should expect a
contrast with the previous sentence.
3 means you should expect a
reason in the sentence.
4 means you should expect a
result in the sentence.

3 Plan and write your essay. Follow the

instructions in the exam task.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 61 and the
Writing bank page 118 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 7 FEELING THE HEAT 33

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8 Moving ahead

Reading and Use of English

Part 5

1 Read the exam task instructions and the title. Answer these questions.
1 What is the writer worried about?
2 What do you expect a scientist to say about this topic?

2 Now do the exam task.

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 62 in the Student’s Book

Getting facts from the internet:

does it ruin your memory?
Do you ever use an encyclopaedia? It’s unlikely that if my own recall improved when I stopped relying on the
anyone nowadays will answer ‘yes’ to this question, since internet. At first, it was fine. Then a friend asked if I knew
internet search engines have made them almost completely who’d directed a film. The director’s name was in my
redundant as a means of finding out about the world. If you memory, but it was escaping me. I fought the desire to pick
want to educate yourself about anything from when steam up my phone, and tried to force the name into my mind. It
engines were invented to what an aardvark is, you ask didn’t work, and I ended up feeling stressed and frustrated.
the internet. But once you have the answers (1698 and an Dr Carmona says these feelings are often the cost of not
African mammal), do you remember these facts? And does taking the easy internet option. I also felt I’d wasted ages
it matter if you don’t? After all, you can always just ask the trying to remember something when a search engine could
internet again. have found it in seconds. While brushing my teeth before
Because it’s my birthday soon, the aging process has been bed, I finally remembered the director’s name.
on my mind recently, and I’ve become very aware of how So why did it take me so long to remember? Dr Carmona
often I reach for my phone to find a fact that I know but says that memories are saved like a series of files but some
cannot recall: that film star’s name, the year the Russians essential information like our addresses, are remembered
first went into space, and so on. This has made me start to as more important than others. These remain easier to
wonder if I rely on the internet too much. Perhaps the saying access in the memory, as if they were on top of a stack of
‘use it or lose it’ applies to memory. While getting facts from line 50 files. Less significant information gets stashed away at the
the internet is wonderfully easy and immediate, is it making bottom of the stack – still there, but harder to recall. If I try
my brain lazy? to remember an unimportant detail like a film director’s
I researched the topic (online of course). One interesting, name, I have to go a long way down the memory stack to
and rather surprising, search result was the work of Dr find it. Being unable to recall it doesn’t mean my brain’s
Richard Carmona, a scientist from the U.S. He says it’s getting lazy.
certainly true that many people feel they can’t live without Listening to Dr Carmona, it seems I can stop worrying,
their phones, a feeling that’s sometimes as strong as an and forget about using a printed encyclopaedia rather than
addiction. However, he says there’s no clear evidence to an electronic search engine to improve my brain power.
suggest that reliance on the internet as a back-up memory However, one thing I did enjoy when I was doing without
leads to a lazy brain. In fact, he claims that the brain stays internet searches was the joy I felt when I managed to
more engaged because you’re providing it with so much recall something using brain power. I might have the
information to process. Over time, this constant input occasional internet-free day just so I can experience a few
creates more networks in the brain and they actually aid more of those moments. And as more birthdays pass, I
our memory. ought perhaps to take Dr Carmona’s advice on other ways
To find out for myself, yesterday I decided not to use my of keeping the brain healthy, such as sleeping well, and
phone when I couldn’t recall something. I wanted to see getting enough exercise.

34 UNIT 8 MOVING AHEAD

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 a b
Exam task Grammar
You are going to read an article about relying on Articles
the internet and the effect of that on memory. For
questions 1–6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which 1 Some of these sentences written by exam
you think fits best according to the text. candidates contain mistakes. Correct any mistakes,
using a, the or no article.
1 In the first paragraph, what does the writer say
about encyclopaedias? 1 My wife’s family is from United States, and that’s
A They were an effective means of learning. where we met.
B They contained an incredibly broad range of 2 When I’m on holiday at the beach, I have swim every
information. morning.
C They can still help people memorise facts. 3 When you cross this road, be very careful because of
D They have lost their usefulness. all the cars that speed down here.
4 I don’t think Laura’s uncle is very nice person.
2 What has the writer noticed recently? 5 Take fewer, shorter showers to save the energy.
A the value of expanding her memory in certain 6 I like playing handball most as it’s a very exciting
areas game.
B the need to start working on maintaining a good 7 There’s an article here about how most children
memory want to help protect an environment.
C the frequency of gaps in her memory 8 At the moment, I am student at university but I’m in
D the importance of trusting her own memory my final year.
3 Dr Carmona says that getting information from the 9 We’re planning to watch a documentary this
internet evening on civilisation of ancient Ethiopia.
A keeps the brain stimulated. 10 Like all the inventions, the computer has brought
B weakens your long-term memory. about unexpected developments.
C increases dependence on phones.
Passive forms
D improves the ability to select relevant information.
2 Put the words and phrases in the correct order to
4 In the fourth paragraph, the writer explains
form passive sentences.
A one reason she disagrees with Dr Carmona.
B how changing a habit was surprisingly simple. 1 taken / the photos / photographer / a professional /
C the advantages of relying on your memory alone. were / by
D how she struggled with an experiment. 2 want / be / a new hall / the students / whether /
should / they / asked
5 What does stashed away mean in line 50? 3 yet / fixed / speakers / been / have / your / ?
A displayed before use 4 to / recorded / be / most music / tape / onto / used
B kept in a favourable position 5 thought / to / are / be / falling / pollution levels
C lost and never found 6 been / the terms of the agreement / both sides /
D stored in a hidden place agreed / have / by / not yet
7 expected / the new president / Sarah James / be / is
6 In the final paragraph, the writer says she has found
/ to
out that
8 be / by / the new theatre / constructed / a local
A it would be difficult to follow all Dr Carmona’s
company / will
recommendations.
9 known / whether / not / the disease / it / cure / the
B the experience of keeping off the internet is worth
new drug / is / will
repeating.
10 are / to / escaped / a moped / the thieves / on /
C finding information in print is hard work but can
thought / have
be fun.
D it is not necessary to do anything differently
because of her age.

UNIT 8 MOVING AHEAD 35

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 Reading and Listening
Use of English Part 2

Part 1 1 Make sure you know the meaning of virtual

reality (VR). What can VR be used for?
1 Look at the exam task example. How do we know the correct
answer is wastes?
2 Read the exam task instructions. Who will
you hear speaking? What will this person be
A It is the only grammatically correct answer. talking about?
B It collocates with time in the text after the gap. 3 Read through the questions and think about
what kind of word might go in each gap.
2 Quickly read the text. Is this a factual text or an opinion-
based one? 4 08 Now listen and do the exam task.
3 Now do the exam task. Need help? Go to Quick steps page 64 in the
Student’s Book
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 67 in the Student’s Book

Exam task
Exam task
You will hear a woman called Marta talking
For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which
about a technology museum. For questions
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at
1–10, complete the sentences with a word or
the beginning (0).
short phrase.
Example: 0 A deletes B wastes C removes D misses
The technology museum is designed to look like
a (1) .
How social media helps me After being redesigned, the museum opened
Social media is often discussed in terms of the harm it causes: it again in (2) .
(0) B a great deal of time, it encourages you to be You can reserve a place on the tour of the
vain, it allows people to (1) negative ideas around museum a maximum of (3)
the world. (2) , young people are often advised to before your visit.
spend time offline every day.
In the part of the museum called the Present
However, we shouldn’t overlook the ways in which social media
Zone, Marta went (4)
can enrich people’s lives. As a student, social media provides
using virtual reality technology.
me with a very (3) break from essay-writing or
reading academic texts. Spending ten minutes (4) In the Future Zone, Marta particularly enjoyed
through messages and comments takes my mind off work. It the room featuring the future of
can also (5) me with new ideas, and after a long (5) .
day of lectures or exams, I use social media as a wonderful Marta’s first mission was to plan a
(6) art gallery. Looking at the beautiful or amusing (6) of some
images people have posted really (7) me up. people who had been caught in a wildfire.
We shouldn’t think of social media purely as a menace to In the medical room, Marta learnt about future
society. How good or bad it is simply (8) on the technology being able to predict the
way it is used. (7) that
people will have.
1 A drive B spread C extend D cover On the tour, Marta’s group saw how
2 A Alternatively B Consequently C Similarly D Admittedly (8) might
3 A welcome B comfortable C acceptable D required meet in the future.
4 A entering B typing C scrolling D shifting In the ‘Teleport Room’, a virtual reality device
5 A persuade B convince C impact D inspire made Marta appear to have the arms of a
6 A technical B mechanical C virtual D electrical (9) .
7 A cheers B fills C catches D raises Marta was told that a museum visitor who was a
8 A effects B depends C relies D applies (10) wanted
a home containing the same technology as the
museum.
36 UNIT 8 MOVING AHEAD

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 Writing
Part 2 article
Choosing not to
use technology
1 Look at the exam task and answer these questions.
1 Who are you writing an article for?
2 What will happen if you write a very good article?
3 What do you have to write about?

Exam task
You have seen this announcement in an English-
language magazine called Click!

We’d like to publish readers’ most interesting

articles about:
CHOOSING NOT TO USE TECHNOLOGY
Write about something you do instead of using technology
and say:
• why you prefer not to use the technology available
• whether you will continue with this habit.

Write your article in 140–190 words.

In general, I have no problem with technology.
2 Read the model article and answer these questions. I use a mobile phone and I have a virtual
1 Look at the four numbered words in bold. Underline assistant at home. Since1 I work as a trainee
the words below which could correctly replace accountant, I also use a PC all day. However,
them. one thing I’m not so keen on using technology
1 Although However Because for is reading newspapers. I could easily read
my paper online, but2 I prefer not to.
2 so though therefore
The main reason for this is my morning
3 On account of Consequently Even though
routine. I always stop for a coffee on my
4 since despite so way to work at a café where newspapers are
2 Find one sentence that has a passive verb form. supplied for customers. So while I’m sipping
3 Which phrases make the article sound lively? my cappuccino, I read the news. I like holding
3 Plan and write your article. Follow the instructions in the newspaper, looking through it, and
the exam task. choosing something to read.
I’ve tried the mobile version, but it’s not nearly
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 69 and the Writing bank
as good. To get through an article online, you
page 124 in the Student’s Book
have to scroll up and down a lot. As a result3,
I find it difficult to focus on what I’m reading.
Furthermore, as4 I look at a screen all day, I
believe it’s better for my eyes to keep off my
phone. So I definitely won’t be changing this
habit any time soon!

UNIT 8 MOVING AHEAD 37

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9 Breaking news

Reading and 2 ‘Do you know anything about producing videos?’

Pippa asked me.

Use of English
IF
Pippa asked me
anything about producing videos.
Part 4
3 Social media influencers have to research products
Do the exam task before they promote them.
MUST
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 83 in the Student's book
Products that social media influencers promote
Exam task by them first.

For questions 1–6, complete the second sentence so 4 The next series of Wilderland can be streamed from
that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using March 19th.
the word given. Do not change the word given. You POSSIBLE
must use between two and five words, including the It will the next
word given. Here is an example (0). series of Wilderland from March 19th.

Example (0): ‘Can I sit next to you, Katie?’ said 5 Laura is arranging the catering for the film crew.
Charlotte. ARRANGEMENTS
WHETHER Laura is the
Charlotte asked WHETHER SHE COULD SIT next catering for the film crew.
to Katie.
6 ‘I’m not telling you what your present is – it’s a
1 ‘Hiking is very challenging on the mountain in surprise!’ Ben told Eve.
winter,’ the guide told us. REFUSED
WARNED Ben Eve what her
The guide very present was – it was a surprise.
challenging on the mountain in winter.

Vocabulary 2
1

Noun suffixes
3 4
1 Complete the crossword with nouns formed
5
from these words. ‘pl’ means the noun is
plural. Be careful with 2 and 8 – make sure 6
you choose the noun that fits in the spaces. 7
Across
2 vary
8
5 arrange (pl)
7 prefer (pl)
8 identify (pl)
9 contribute
10 coincide 9

Down
1 less
3 freeze
10
4 introduce
6 appear

38 UNIT 9 BREAKING NEWS

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2 Complete the sentences using a form of the
word in brackets. Use prefixes and suffixes or
Reading and
make internal spelling changes.
Use of English
1 In our team, the various (able) of
staff members are all very useful. Part 3
2 The journalist said she had definite
(prove) of the murderer’s 1 Look at the exam text gaps and the words on the right.
identity. Answer these questions.
3 The (die) of the film star was 1 All the answers are nouns. Which gap must be filled
announced by his family yesterday. with a plural noun?
4 I’m not going to watch that series because all 2 Which nouns will be made with a suffix or a prefix, and
its (view) are so bad. which will require changes within the given word?
5 The film’s great except for its
(long) – I thought it would never end! 2 Now do the exam task.
6 The actor managed to show us the
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 76 in the Student’s Book
(deep) of the character’s feelings
brilliantly.
Exam task
7 Everyone has great (admire) for
the way Mike dealt with his problems. For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word
8 Much to my brother’s (amuse), I given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form
fell over while I was running to my car! a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an
9 Sorry if you feel embarrassed – that was not my example at the beginning (0).
(intend)!
Example: 0 BEAUTY
10 There has recently been a dramatic
(reduce) in the number of cars
entering the city.

Why social media stars have more cultural influence than other celebrities
Social media stars are now a more
powerful influence on culture, fashion
and (0) than traditional BEAUTIFUL
celebrities such as film and TV stars.
Although the (1) of MAJOR
traditional celebrities have a social media
profile, this does not give them the
(2) with their followers that CONNECT
social media stars have.
Social media stars, or ‘influencers’,
develop online groups of followers and
build high levels of (3) in them. Influencers establish these successful COMMIT
(4) with their followers mainly by being constantly available for comment and RELATION
frequently posting new (5) on their accounts. Furthermore, some traditional CONTAIN
celebrities have such a strong (6) for using social media that they hire LIKE
someone else to run their accounts. Comments on these from fans often fail to get any
(7) at all. RESPOND
Another key thing that explains the success of social media stars is that they rise to celebrity
status through direct, personal interaction with their fans. Traditional celebrities can become
stars with very little direct (8) with their audience. INVOLVE

UNIT 9 BREAKING NEWS 39

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 Listening
Part 4

1 Look at the exam task instructions and answer these

questions.
1 Who will you hear and what will he be talking
about?
2 AI stands for advanced information / artificial
intelligence
2 Underline the key words in the first line of each
question.
3 09 Now listen and do the exam task.
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 72 in the Student’s
Book 6 Dr Ali thinks that in the news industry, interactive
tools such as ‘chat media’ will
Exam task A quickly become more popular.
B usually be added to articles as a fun extra.
You will hear a radio interview with a media expert
C only be used in certain countries.
called Dr Khalid Ali, who talks about the use of artificial
intelligence in journalism. For questions 1–7, choose the 7 What does Dr Ali say about the future of journalists?
best answer (A, B or C). A Their roles will expand.
1 Why did Dr Ali want to appear on the programme? B Computers will do most of their work.
A to prepare people for the future of journalism C They will be able to avoid boring tasks.
B to help people appreciate the importance of a b
journalism
C to make people aware of the current situation in
Grammar
journalism Reported speech
and reporting verbs
2 What does Dr Ali say about using AI to collect data
for journalism? Correct the reported speech and reporting
A The news industry is ahead of other businesses. verb mistakes in these sentences written by exam
B There is nothing unique about such a strategy. candidates. One sentence has two errors.
C The amount of data involved is hard to manage.
1 My boss said she looked at my report tomorrow
3 Dr Ali thinks that the use of AI to identify fake news morning.
A may fail on some online platforms. 2 I asked the baker whether she have any fresh
B requires people to be involved. croissants that morning.
C will soon become unnecessary. 3 George wanted to pay the bill but I insisted on pay
half.
4 Dr Ali says that using AI to monitor comments on 4 Christina had forgotten to get a present for her dad
articles will lead to but she told her mum she bought him something.
A more articles offering readers the opportunity to 5 Yesterday evening, I decided that I will get a job
comment. rather than go to university.
B fewer offensive comments being left by readers. 6 In last week’s episode of the thriller, the journalist
C more readers being able to comment on each threatened of exposing the president’s lies.
article. 7 We asked the teacher what was happened and he
said that a student broke the window accidentally.
5 What does Dr Ali think is the main advantage of
8 Our uncle invited us for go on holiday on his yacht.
graphics produced by AI?
9 I watched the news at nine o’clock and it said that
A They are much clearer.
Leonardo Mario won the election.
B They are more attractive.
10 My friend reminded me do not to turn on your
C They are more complex.
phone in the hospital.

40 UNIT 9 BREAKING NEWS

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 Writing The journalist’s talk
Introduction
Part 2 report (1) of this report
is to put forward suggestions for the content and
1 Look at the exam task and answer these questions.
length of the talk, and some possible follow-up
1 Who is coming to the college? activities for students to do in class afterwards.
2 What is she going to do? Content of the talk
3 What three things must you write about?
(2) to hear
4 What is the minimum number of words you should
about some of the journalist’s most exciting
write?
experiences in her job. Also, in view of the fact
5 What would be the most suitable style to write in?
that the audience will be made up principally
of students who are considering their future
Exam task careers, it would be useful to hear about the best
way to become a journalist, and whether she
A famous journalist has been invited to come and give a
would recommend it.
talk to students at your college. Your teacher has asked
you to write a report about: Length of the talk
(3) to ask her
• what information you would like her to give in her talk
to talk for 50 minutes, the length of a college
• how long the talk should be
lesson, in order that it will fit in with the college
• what follow-up activities students could do in class timetable.
afterwards
Follow-up activities
Write your report in 140–190 words.
(4) , students
2 Read the model report and complete it with the could research articles written by the journalist,
following phrases. and choose one to write a review of.
(5) , students
After the talk Alternatively could write an article themselves.
It would be interesting It would be sensible Conclusion
The aim To sum up
(6) , the
3 Plan and write your report. Follow the instructions in journalist would ideally give a talk of 50 minutes
the exam task. about exciting experiences she has had and how
to become a journalist. Afterwards, students
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 77 and the Writing bank
could write an article or a review of one.
page 126 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 9 BREAKING NEWS 41

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10 Shopping around

Listening Exam task

You will hear five short extracts in which people are talking about how
Part 3 they have reduced the number of things they buy. For questions 1–5,
choose from the list (A–H) how each person has reduced the number of
1 Look at the exam task
things they buy. Use the letters only once. There are three extra letters
instructions. What are the five
which you do not need to use.
people talking about? Think of
some ways you could do this and A I delay making purchases.
note down the key vocabulary. B I choose something to save money for.
C I identify what is motivating me to buy Speaker 1 1
2 Read answer options A–H.
something.
Write down a word or phrase Speaker 2 2
D I give away money instead of buying
that means the same as each
things for myself. Speaker 3 3
underlined part of A–H.
E I pay with cash rather than cards.
3 10 Now listen and do the F I keep a detailed record of my spending. Speaker 4 4
exam task. G I go to shops where the choice is limited.
Speaker 5 5
H I avoid the shops where I am most
Need help? Go to Quick steps page
tempted to buy things.
80 in the Student’s Book

Vocabulary 2 Write a word from each box in the gaps in the dialogues.
There are two words you do not need.
Phrasal verbs with out
A: brand catalogue checkout
1 Replace the underlined expressions with formal genuine mall trolley
phrasal verbs with out. Use the correct form
of the verbs. B: absurd dreadful furious massive
smart stunning unfashionable
back run sell stay take
throw turn wear 1 A: It took me 30 minutes to get out of the supermarket
because the queues for the were so long.
1 Plastic shopping bags can usually be re- B: That sounds (very bad) !
used, so don’t put them in the bin after one 2 A: What I like about the new shopping is its
use. huge glass dome, which fills the whole space with light.
2 We haven’t got any bread left because I had B: I agree – it’s (really beautiful) .
lots of toast last night while you were out! 3 A: I never buy that of toothpaste because it’s
3 At first, the evening was boring but it was so expensive.
okay in the end when my uncle told some B: Yes, I think it’s (really silly) that it costs so
hilarious stories. much.
4 Henry was going to buy himself a bright 4 A: Look at the sunglasses on this website. Do you think
orange suit but he couldn’t do it when his they’re or fake?
friend said he looked like a tangerine. B: Fake – they’re too cheap and that style is really (not up to
5 Order those trainers as soon as they date) now.
become available because they’ll all get 5 A: Have you looked through this that came
bought really quickly. through the post? It’s got some cool sweatshirts in it.
6 Mike is exhausted because he’s been B: Let’s see … But they’re (very big) ! I prefer
shopping all day in the city’s largest mall. something tighter fitting.
7 Dilek isn’t working tomorrow so she isn’t 6 A: I’m not wearing a jacket and tie because they’d be too
going to come home until late tonight. for a picnic in the park.
8 Now that I use my phone to pay for things, I B: But we’re going to the theatre afterwards – you need to
rarely get money from the bank. look (well-dressed) for that.
42 UNIT 10 SHOPPING AROUND

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 a b

Grammar 2 Complete these sentences with appropriate endings

using the correct form of the verb given.
Wish and if only 1 My flat is really tiny. I wish it
1 Some of these sentences written by exam . (be)
candidates contain mistakes. Correct any mistakes. 2 I love the food they sell in that shop, but I can’t
afford it. If only it
1 I wish Grandma could to stay with us for a few more . (cost)
days. 3 My flatmate plays dreadful music really loudly all the
2 Elaine wishes she saw the dress before her friend. time. I wish she .
3 If only my mother could have picked me up from (play)
school when it was raining. 4 My favourite brother lives too far away to visit very
4 The shop had loads of great things in it, and I wish I often. If only he .
would have been able to buy some of them. (live)
5 When vintage clothing from an online store didn’t 5 I backed out of the long-distance swim because
arrive after ten days, I wished that I never ordered it. of a lack of training. I wish I
6 My brother wishes I would let him come shopping . (do)
with me, but that’s not going to happen! 6 My friend was looking at her phone all the time
7 My friends and I wish the shops stayed open longer. when we met up. I wish she
8 If only Matthew could win the cycling race last . (spend)
Saturday – it was such a close thing. 7 The band only performed new songs, which
9 I wish everyone is going to wear bright, cheerful weren’t as good as their big hits. If only they
crazy clothes all the time. . (sing)
10 At the weekend, I’m going away and I wish I can fit 8 The restaurant we went to last night only had
all my things in a small bag to take on the bus. a very limited choice of dishes. I wish there
. (have)

Causative have and get

3 Some of these sentences written by exam
candidates contain mistakes with causative have
or get. Correct any mistakes.
1 It was September when I last have my beard cut by a
barber.
2 Charlie had to get fixed his laptop last week.
3 I would love to have my paintings exhibited in a
gallery.
4 I’m going to make a check to my car at a garage
before the long drive.
5 I’m afraid Bradley isn’t in at the moment – he’s
having a tooth extracted at the dentist!
6 At the festival, be careful to have not your tent
stolen.
7 I always get my essays checked by a friend before I
submit them.
8 I went to the beauty salon to have my nails done.
9 At the entrance to the hotel, everyone must be
checked their bags.
10 Before the operation, I took my temperature by the
nurse.

UNIT 10 SHOPPING AROUND 43

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 4 Put the words in the correct order to form questions.
Exam task
Then give full answers.
For questions 1–6, complete the second sentence so that
1 you / ears / your / have / pierced / had / ?
it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the
word given. Do not change the word given. You must
use between two and five words, including the word
2 bright pink / had / you / painted / have / your
given. Here is an example (0).
kitchen / ?
Example:
0 It’s a shame I didn’t see that special offer!
3 last / did / checked / you / have / your passport / ONLY
when / ? If ONLY I HAD SEEN that special offer!

1 I’m planning to come home before 10 o’clock this

4 have / you / do / how / your blood pressure / taken / evening.
often / ? OUT
I don’t plan to than
10 o’clock this evening.
5 get / where / you / printed / do / your photos / ? 2 These peaches are delicious – what a pity I didn’t buy
more of them!
WISH
6 have / would / designed / to / a house / you / I more of these
especially for you / like / ? peaches – they’re delicious!

3 The film star’s personal chefs cook his dinner every

7 a contract / ever / had / you / a lawyer / checked / night.
by / have / ? HAS
The film star his
personal chefs every night.
8 by / have / this exercise / you / marked / anyone /
4 Unfortunately, there weren’t any tickets left for the play
will / ?
when we tried to book seats.
ALREADY
Unfortunately, the tickets for the play
out when we tried
Reading and to book seats.

Use of English 5 This printer was a bargain – it cost 40% less than usual.
OFF
Part 4 This printer was a bargain because it
its usual price.
1 Read the exam task instructions and the example. 6 Yesterday, a child’s football broke the window of the
Why are all the following answers wrong for the
example? bakery shop.
GOT
1 I wish I had seen that special offer! Yesterday, the bakery shop window
2 If only I saw that special offer! a child’s football.
3 If only I had bought something in that special offer!
4 If only you had mentioned that special offer!

2 Now do the exam task.

Need help? Go to Quick steps page 83 in the Student’s
Book

44 UNIT 10 SHOPPING AROUND

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 Writing
Part 1 essay

1 Look at the exam task and complete the following

statements.
1 You must write a minimum of words.
2 You are given points that you have to
include, plus at least point that you
have thought of yourself.
3 You must give for your opinions.

2 Do you think the essay statement is correct?

Exam task
In your English class you have been talking about
the advantages and disadvantages of buying things
second-hand. Now, your English teacher has asked you
to write an essay.
Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for
There is nothing new about buying things
your point of view.
second-hand. However, whereas previously it
was done by some people out of necessity, as a
Buying things second-hand is better than means of saving money, nowadays people who
buying new things. Do you agree? can afford to buy brand new things also choose
the second-hand option instead.
Notes The main reason for this is a growing awareness
Write about: of the great harm we are doing to the
1 how buying things second-hand can environment through both the manufacturing of
help the environment new things, and through the large amount of
2 things you can’t buy second-hand waste created by throwing things out after a few
3 your own idea uses. By choosing second-hand over new, we
help reduce these problems.
Write your essay in 140–190 words in an There are other advantages too, such as raising
appropriate style. money for good causes when we buy second-
hand from charity shops. We are also more likely
3 Read the model essay and answer these questions. to find items that are unique if we do not just
1 Find and number the following: purchase the latest products in normal stores,
a Point 1 from the notes like everyone else does.
b Point 2 from the notes Of course, it would be silly to suggest we could
c The writer’s own idea make all our purchases second-hand. Pens,
d A summary of the writer’s opinion on this topic paper, soap and other toiletries must be bought
e An idea that introduces the topic new, for example. However, if we want to reduce
the environmental impact of our shopping habits,
2 Find one phrasal verb with out in the essay. buying second-hand where possible is a great
place to start.
3 Replace the words in bold with the following
extreme adjectives:
absurd massive severe 4 Plan and write your essay. Follow the instructions in
the exam task.
4 Explain why the writer did not include contracted
Need help? Go to Quick steps page 84 and the Writing bank
forms in the essay.
page 118 in the Student’s Book

UNIT 10 SHOPPING AROUND 45

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 Exam information
Part/Timing Content Exam focus
Reading and Use of Part 1 A modified cloze text containing eight gaps and Candidates are expected to demonstrate
English followed by eight multiple-choice items. the ability to apply their knowledge of the
1 hour 15 minutes Part 2 A modified open cloze text containing eight gaps. language system by completing the first
Part 3 A text containing eight gaps. Each gap four tasks; candidates are also expected to
corresponds to a word. The stems of the missing words show understanding of specific
are given beside the text and must be changed to form information, text organisation features,
the missing word. tone, and text structure.
Part 4 Six separate questions, each with a lead-in
sentence and a gapped second sentence to be completed
in two to five words, one of which is given as a ‘key word’.
Part 5 A text followed by six multiple-choice questions.
Part 6 A text from which six sentences have been
removed and placed in a jumbled order after the text.
A seventh sentence, which does not need to be used, is
also included.
Part 7 A text, or several short texts, preceded by ten
multiple-matching questions.
Writing Part 1 One compulsory essay question presented Candidates are expected to be able to
1 hour 20 minutes through a rubric and short notes. write using different degrees of formality
Part 2 Candidates choose one task from a choice of three and different functions: advising,
task types. The tasks are situationally based and comparing, describing, explaining,
presented through a rubric and possibly a short input expressing opinions, justifying,
text. The task types are: persuading, recommending and
• an essay suggesting.
• an article
• a letter or email
• a review
• a report
Listening Part 1 A series of eight short unrelated extracts from Candidates are expected to be able to
Approximately 40 minutes monologues or exchanges between interacting speakers. show understanding of attitude, detail,
There is one three-option multiple-choice question per function, genre, gist, main idea, opinion,
extract. place, purpose, situation, specific
Part 2 A short talk or lecture on a topic, with a sentence- information, relationship, topic,
completion task which has ten items. agreement, etc.
Part 3 Five short related monologues, with five multiple-
matching questions.
Part 4 An interview or conversation, with seven multiple-
choice questions.
Speaking Part 1 A conversation between the examiner (the Candidates are expected to be able to
14 minutes ‘interlocutor’) and each candidate (spoken questions). respond to questions and to interact in
Part 2 An individual ‘long turn’ for each candidate, with a conversational English.
brief response from the second candidate (visual and
written stimuli, with spoken instructions).
Part 3 A discussion question with five written prompts.
Part 4 A discussion on topics related to Part 3 (spoken
questions).

46 EXAM INFORMATION

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 Acknowledgements
The authors and publishers would like to thank the following contributors:
Grammar on the move: Lucy Passmore and Jishan Uddin

This coursebook is informed by the Cambridge English Corpus - a multi-billion word collection of examples of
spoken and written English. We use our corpus to answer questions about English vocabulary, grammar and usage.
Along with this, we collect and analyse learner writing. This allows us to clearly see how learners from around the
world are similar and different in how they acquire and use language. These insights allow us to provide tailored and
comprehensive support to learners at all stages of their learning journey.

The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright material and are grateful for
the permissions granted. While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to identify the
sources of all the material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought to our notice,
we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on reprinting and in the next update to the
digital edition, as applicable.

Key: U = Unit

Photography
The following images have been sourced from Getty Images.
U1: FatCamera/E+; Cavan Images; xavierarnau/E+; Tony Anderson/DigitalVision; U2: The Washington Post;
William Henry Fox Talbot/Hulton Archive; Alexander Spatari/Moment; LindaJarrett/500px; Stella Kalinina; U3:
coberschneider/RooM; NickyLloyd/E+; Roberto Moiola/Sysaworld/Moment; Alistair Berg/DigitalVision; U4: Alistair
Berg/DigitalVision; Cavan Images; U5: skynesher/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Neustockimages/E+; U6: Jupiterimages/
Stockbyte; MIGUEL MEDINA/AFP; Shilpa Harolikar/Moment; U7: Westend61; Larina Marina/iStock/Getty Images Plus;
U8: PeopleImages/E+; gilaxia/E+; U9: urbazon/E+; KTSDESIGN/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Science Photo Library;
skynesher/E+; U10: Betsie Van der Meer/DigitalVision; Jackyenjoyphotography/Moment; Maskot.

Front cover photography by Betsie Van Der Meer/Stone/Getty Images.

Animations
Grammar animation Video production by QBS Learnings. Voiceover by Dan Strauss.

Audio
Audio production by IH Sound LTD.

Typesetting
Typeset by Hyphen S.A.

47

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 R R R
ev ev ev
ie ie ie
w w w
C C C
op op op
y y y
-C -C -C -C
am am am am
br br br br
id id id id
ge ge ge ge
U U U U
ni ni ni ni
v er ve ve ve
si rs rs rs
ty ity ity ity
Pr Pr Pr P
es es es es
s s s s
-R -R -R -R
ev ev ev ev
ie ie ie ie
w w w w
C C C C
op op op op
y y y y

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