MATHEMATICS 10
MODULE 2 : WEEK 2 : 4th QUARTER
CALCULATING SPECIFIED MEASURES OF POSITION
Learning Competencies
The learner calculates a specified measure of position (e.g. 90th percentile) of a set of
data.
Objectives
The learner calculates a specified quartiles, deciles and percentiles of a set of data.
Let’s Recall
Do you have a sharp memory?
The following scores of ten students in their 40-item quiz.
34 23 15 27 36 21 20 13 33 25
1. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 25% of the data?
2. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 65% of the data?
3. What are the scores of the students which are less than or equal to 8% of the data?
Let’s Understand
The Quartile for Grouped Data
Recall that quartiles divided the distribution into four equal parts. In computing the
quartiles of grouped data, the following formula is used:
𝒌𝑵
−𝒄𝒇𝒃
𝑸𝒌 = 𝑳𝑩 + ( 𝟒 𝒇 )𝒊 where 𝐿𝐵 = lower boundary of the Q1 class
𝑸𝒌
N = total frequency
cfb = cumulative frequency before the Q1 class
𝑓𝑄1 = frequency of the Q1 class
𝑖 = size of the class interval
𝑘 = 𝑛th quartile, when 𝑛 = 1, 2 and 3
Example 1
The length of 40 insects of a certain species were measured correct to the nearest
millimeter. Find Q1
Lengths (mm) Frequency
55 – 59 3
50 – 54 6
45 – 49 8
40 – 44 10
35 – 39 7
30 – 34 4
25 – 29 2
Solution:
Prepare a column for cumulative frequency and lower boundary.
MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK2-MODULE2
Lengths (mm) Frequency <cf Lower Boundaries
(LB)
55 – 59 3 40 54.5
50 – 54 6 37 49.5
45 – 49 8 31 44.5 Q3
40 – 44 10 23 39.5
35 – 39 7 13 34.5 Q1
30 – 34 4 6 29.5
25 – 29 2 2 24.5
Find Q1 and Q3
𝑁 40
Locate the Q1 class: 4
= 4
= 10
Choose the class interval where 10 is contained by looking at the less than cumulative
frequency. Since the 7th -13th scores belong to the class interval 35 – 39, then the
10th score is also within the said class interval.
LB = 34.5 N = 40 cfb = 6 fQ1 = 7 i=5
𝑘𝑁
−𝑐𝑓𝑏
Substitute: 𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 4 𝑓 )𝑖
𝑄𝑘
40
−6
𝑄1 = 34.5 + ( 4 7 ) 5
= 34.5 + 0.5714(5)
= 34.5 + 0.5714(5)
𝑄1 = 37.357 𝑜𝑟 37.36
3𝑁 3(40)
Locate the Q3 class: = = 30
4 4
The class interval where 30 is contained is 45 – 49.
LB = 44.5 N = 40 cfb = 23 fQ3 = 8 i=5
𝑘𝑁
−𝑐𝑓𝑏
4
Substitute: 𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + ( 𝑓 𝑄𝑘
)𝑖
120
−23
4
𝑄3 = 44.5 + ( )5
8
= 44.5 + 4.375
𝑄1 = 48.875 𝑜𝑟 48.88
The Decile for Grouped Data
Deciles are those values that divide the total frequency into 10 equal parts.
The 𝑘th decile denoted by 𝐷𝑘 is computed as follows:
𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [ 10𝑓 ]𝑖 where LB = lower boundary of the kth decile class
𝐷𝑘
N = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency before the decile class
𝑓𝐷𝑘 = frequency of the decile class
i = size of class interval
k = nth decile where n =1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9
The Percentile for Grouped Data
Percentiles are values that divide a set of data into 100 equal groups. There
are 99 percentiles which are denoted by P 1, P2…,P99. In such organization of data,
1% falls below P1, 2% below falls P2 and so on, 99% falls below P99.
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MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK2-MODULE2
𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [100𝑓 ]𝑖 where LB = lower boundary of the kth decile class
𝑃𝑘
N = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency before the decile class
𝑓𝑃𝑘 = frequency of the decile class
i = size of class interval
k = nth decile where n =1, 2, …, 97, 98, and 99
Example 2
The frequency distribution of table shows the weight in kilograms of 60 grade 10
students of PNHS-Main. Find the D8 and P45.
Weights (kg) Frequency
64-66 7
61-63 8
58-60 19
55-57 5
52-54 7
49-51 6
46-48 4
43-45 3
40-42 1
Solution:
To be able to solve the problem, we must complete the table by adding 2 columns for
less than cumulative frequency and lower boundaries.
Weights (kg) Frequency <cf Lower Boundaries
(LB)
64-66 7 60 63.5
61-63 8 53 60.5 D8
58-60 19 45 57.5
55-57 5 26 54.5
52-54 7 21 51.5 P35
49-51 6 14 48.5
46-48 4 8 45.5
43-45 3 4 42.5
40-42 1 1 39.5
a. Find D8
8𝑁 8(60)
Locate the D8 class: 10 = 10 = 48
This means that we need to find the class interval where the 48th score is contained.
Note that the 46th – 53rd scores belong to the class interval 61-63.So, the 48th score
is also within the class interval.
LB = 60.5 N = 60 cfb = 45 fD3 = 8 i=3
𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
Substitute: 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [ 10𝑓 ]𝑖
𝐷𝑘
8(60)
−45
10
𝐷8 = 60.5 + [ 8
]3
= 60.5 + 0.375(3)
= 60.5 + 0.375(3)
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MATH10-QUARTER4-WEEK2-MODULE2
𝐷8 = 61.625 𝑜𝑟 61.63
b. Find P33
33(60)
Compute for the position to determine P35 class. = 19.8
100
The class interval where the 19.8th score is contained is 52 – 54.
LB = 51.5 N = 60 cfb = 14 fP33 = 7 i=3
𝑘𝑁
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
Substitute: 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + [100𝑓 ]𝑖
𝑃𝑘
33(60)
−14
100
𝑃33 = 51.5 + [ ]3
7
𝑃33 = 51.5 + 0.8286(3)
𝑃33 = 53.9858 𝑂𝑅 53.99
Let’s Apply
Complete the table below.
General Average of Grade 10 – Diamond Students
General Average Frequency Lower Boundaries <cf
95 – 99 2 ______ ______
90 – 94 12 89.5 ______
85 – 89 6 ______ 21
80 – 84 10 ______ ______
75 – 79 5 ______ ______
i = ______ N = ______
Let’s Analyze
Directions: Using the frequency distribution presented on Let’s Apply. Calculate
and write the given facts for the identified quartile, decile and percentile class on the space
provided.
Let’s Try
The frequency distribution presented below shows the Mathematics test score
of 50 students. Copy and complete the table, then answer the following questions:
Number of mistakes Frequency <cf 1. What cumulative frequency should be
15 – 17 13 used in solving for the 66th percentile?
12 – 14 6 2. What is the lower boundary to solve for
9 – 11 5 the 6th decile?
3. In which class interval is 𝑄1 located?
6–8 7
4. What is the value of 𝑄3?
3–5 10 5. What cumulative frequency should be
0–2 9 used in solving for the 7th decile?
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