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Everything you need to know to become a

Great DevOps Engineer!!
1. Basics of SDLC
Understand how is a software created and where do “DevOps” fall in Software
Development Life Cycle.

SDLC, or Software Development Life Cycle, is the step-by-step process that

software goes through, from planning and coding to testing and deployment.

Resources to learn:
SDLC (Blog)

What is SDLC? (Youtube Video)

https://youtu.be/Gkp8wLZAtpY

❗You don't have to get too detailed; just a grasp of software deployment
processes and DevOps basics is sufficient. However, hands-on experience with the
below technologies 👇🏾 is more valuable and beneficial.
2. Operating System (Linux ) 🐧
As a DevOps engineer, you manage the servers where applications run.

Linux is the go-to choice for servers, and Most DevOps tools are Linux-based; so knowing
linux commands helps a lot in server management and handling Devops Tasks.


What to learn:
Shell Commands
SSH for remote access
Virtualization
Text Editors for File Editing (vim, nano)

File System Permissions
Package Management (apt, yum)
Process and Service Management (ps, kill)

✏️ Things you can do to practice Linux:

Web Server setup
Database setup
User and Group Management
Install Different Devops tools (docker, jenkins, terraform etc)

Popular Linux Distributions: Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, Arch linux and more.

Best way to learn is to have Linux as OS for your laptop, but you can also spin up servers
on Cloud, WSL or virtualbox.

Resources to learn:
Linux Cheatsheet (Free)

Linux course on Udemy (Paid)

Linux course on Youtube (Free)

Linux Project (Free)

Linux Commands for DevOps Engineer! (Free)

3. Scripting/Programming
After you learn the basics of Linux, use your knowledge to create scripts.


DevOps Engineers automate tasks to streamline software
delivery and enhance efficiency. Scripting is typically carried

out using OS-based languages such as BASH and Powershell,
or standalone languages like Python or Golang.

✏️ How is scripting used in DevOps

Backup Automation
Working with APIs
Integration with other devops tools
System Cleanup Automation
Email Notification Script
Software Update Automation
Log Analysis Automation
Network Diagnostics Script
Data Transformation Automation
 User Account Management Script

If you have a question - Do devops engineer require coding?

The answer is yes, DevOps engineer needs coding knowledge, not necessarily
for application development, but to utilize tools, SDKs, and scripting for
seamless integration and automation in the DevOps workflow.

Resources to learn:
Bash scripting Course on Youtube (Free)

Automate the boring stuff with Python (Udemy Course)

How much coding is required:

https://lnkd.in/efPrD4qT

Is DSA knowledge for DevOps Engineering roles?

https://lnkd.in/dges2qU3

Best Programming Language for Devops Engineers ? 👨‍💻

https://lnkd.in/dKGpqpnD

Golang: https://lnkd.in/dT-qrmNM

Python for DevOps engineer

4. Git for Version Control

Version control, using Git, is important for tracking changes in code, collaborating
with teams, ensuring a reliable history of software development, and facilitating
essential DevOps practices such as CI/CD, GitOps, and storing Infrastructure as
Code (IaC) files.

What should you know:

1. Branching:

- Create, switch, and delete branches.

- Understand the role of feature branches.

2. Git Commands:

- Master basic commands (init, clone, add, commit, push, pull, merge).

- Explore advanced commands (rebase, cherry-pick) for complex workflows.

3. Pull/Merge Requests:

- Create, review, and merge pull requests (GitHub) or merge requests (GitLab).

- Emphasize collaborative code review practices.

4. GitHub/GitLab :

- Learn how to use and store code on remote git repositories.

Git is Important to work as DevOps engineer but also helps if want to make open
source contributions 👍
Resources to learn:
Git & GitHub Hands On Tutorial! (Free)
https://ohmygit.org (Game to learn Git)

Pro Git Book FREE

Learn Git by Atlassian FREE

5. Networking & Security 🔐

With rise in DevSecOps, incorporating security practices into the entire development
lifecycle is vital. This ensures proactive identification and early addressing of security
concerns. Having solid networking knowledge is crucial for securing systems, enabling the
configuration of firewalls and implementation of essential network security measures.
Concepts to know:
- IP Addressing

- Ports and Protocols (TCP/IP, UDP, HTTP, DNS)

- Network Services (DHCP, DNS)

- Routing and Switching Basics

- Authentication and Authorization

- Security Best Practices

- Shift-Left Security

- Firewalls and Network Security

Resources to learn:
Networking Course (Free)

Networking Book (Free)

Networking for DevOps (Free)

6. Learn any one Cloud
Companies now prefer deploying applications on cloud providers like AWS,
Azure, or GCP instead of on-premise. This shift enables organizations to take
advantage of the scalability, flexibility, and cost efficiency provided by cloud
services.

AWS is most popular cloud provider. Other popular ones are Microsoft azure,
Google cloud Platform, Oracle cloud etc.

What should you know as a DevOps Engineer:

for AWS, you should know the basics of:

1. VPC (Virtual Private Cloud): Create isolated networks.

2. EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud): Manage virtual servers.

3. S3 (Simple Storage Service): Scalable object storage.

4. RDS (Relational Database Service): Managed databases.

5. IAM (Identity and Access Management): Secure access control.

6. Lambda: Serverless code execution.

7. Route 53: Scalable DNS service.

8. CloudWatch: Monitoring and observability.

9. EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service): Managed Kubernetes service for container

orchestration

Resources to learn:
AWS Course on Udemy (Paid)

AWS services to know as DevOps engineer (Free)

AWS vs Azure vs GCP (Free)

AWS SkillBuilder Platform

✏️ Tip!
Once you master and get certified in any one cloud, it’s easy to learn others.

Popular cloud certifications for DevOps engineers include AWS Certified

DevOps Engineer – Professional, Microsoft Certified: Azure DevOps Engineer
Expert, and Google Cloud Professional DevOps Engineer.
7. Infrastructure as Code 📃
Tools like Terraform and Ansible uses the IaC concept to automate the manual
creation and configuration which are time consuming and error prone.

Using IAC we code to create and configure infrastructure & there are 2 types of IAC
tools:

1. Infrastructure Provisioning
2. Configuration Management

Infrastructure Provisioning Configuration Management

 

Creating virtualized resources Ensuring consistent configurations of

programmatically, such as servers in the virtualized resources over time, managed
cloud, using tools like Terraform to define through code, for example using Ansible

and deploy infrastructure. playbooks to define and enforce server

Benefits of having everything in code -

Ensures consistency accross different environments (stage, dev, prod)

Can be stored and version controlled and collaborated.
 Less chances of issues or configuration errors.
Saves time avoiding to repeat creation and configuration.

Resources to learn:
Difference between Terraform and Ansible

Terraform Course in 1 hour (Free)

Ansible course on Udemy

How Ansible works?

Terraform Project

8. Microservices and Containerization 📦

Microservices is the new way to deploy applications independently for better
scaling and management, and they are packaged in a container. 📦
 Container: A packaged application with its dependencies, isolated for easy
deployment, and capable of running consistently on any machine.

Docker is the most popular container technology.

What should you know

Microservices and Containerization concepts
How to write docker files? (Containerize the application)
Docker Commands (build, run, exec, ps )
How to push and pull docker images in DockerHub

Resources to learn:
What is microservices (Free)

Microservices DevOps Project - Python application on K8s (Free)

Docker Project (Free)

Docker Course (Free)

Docker Course (Paid)

9. Container Orchestration (Kubernetes)
When using microservices an application can have hundreds or thousands of
containers on multiple servers. Managing, scaling and other operations for these
containers require container orchestration tools like Kubernetes.
Kubernetes is vast so what should a DevOps engineer know
What is Kubernetes and How it works
Cluster creation and administration
Deploying application K8s cluster
Kubernetes Commands

Popular Kubernetes Certifications:

CKA, CKAD, CKS

✏️ Learnining Kubernetes now, is the best thing you can do to your career!

Resources to learn:
Prerequisites before learning Kubernetes (Free)

Kubernetes course by KodeKloud

Kubernetes course on Youtube (Free)

DevSecOps project on Kubernetes (Free)

Live Kubernetes Project (Free)

10. CICD Pipelines
CICD is really important to know!!! Because every company deploys software in
automated fashion using CICD.

CI/CD Pipeline ensures that each code change, whether introducing new features or
fixing bugs, seamlessly integrates into the existing application and deploys
continuously and automatically for end-users. This automation streamlines
development processes, promotes consistency, and speeds up the delivery of
software innovations.

Things to know:

Writing Pipeline scripts

Integrating Tests
Trigger build

Popular CICD tools : Gitlab CI, GitHub Actions, Jenkins, Circle CI.

Resources to learn:
What is CICD Pipeline? (Free)

Gitlab CICD Complete Hands On course (Free)

Jenkins Course (Free)

Github Actions CICD Tutorial (Free)

11. Monitoring and Logging

Once the software is released you need to continuosly monitor it to track
performance and discover problems
 Monitoring in DevOps serves the purpose of identifying and addressing issues
early on, providing benefits such as enhanced performance, ensured reliability,
and support for proactive maintenance.

Key aspects include monitoring software, infrastructure, and user experience,

ultimately resulting in a resilient and continuously improving software delivery
process.

Logging captures system events for troubleshooting and performance

monitoring, providing insights for issue diagnosis, ensuring reliability, and
supporting data-driven decisions in software delivery.

Popular tools used for Observability: Prometheus, Grafana, Cloudwatch, Nagios,

ELK etc

Resources to learn:
Popular monitoring tools in devops

How Prometheus Monitoring works

12. Gitops

GitOps is a development methodology that leverages Git repositories as the single source of
truth for both infrastructure and application code. In simple terms, it involves using Git to
manage and automate the entire software delivery process, from version control to
deployment.

What to know for GitOps:

Git
CICD
IaC

Popular GitOps tools : ArgoCD and FluxCD

Resources to learn:
GitOps explained with a Project on ArgoCD

GitOps By Gitlab
13. Service Mesh
Companies use service mesh to enhance the reliability, observability, and control of their
microservices architecture. It simplifies the management of communication between
microservices, providing features like load balancing, service discovery, encryption, and
monitoring.

How Service mesh helps in Microservices architecture:

Service Discovery
Traffic Management
Monitoring and Logging
Manage Permission

Popular Service meshes: Istio, Consul connect, Linkerd

Resources to learn:
Project to learn Istio

Service mesh Overview