New Testament

Survey
"All Scripture is given by inspiration of God,
and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof,
for correction, for instruction in righteousness,
that the man of God may be complete,
thoroughly equipped for every good work"
(2 Timothy 3:16–17)

© 2001 David Padfield

www.padfield.com
Scripture taken from the New King James Version.
Copyright ©1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
 Why Are There Four Gospels?
CHRISTIANS OFTEN WONDER windows and the like the in the world.” (William Bar-
why there are four accounts of gospel writers are represented clay, The Gospel Of John, p. 1).
the life of Christ recorded in in symbol by the figures of the
the New Testament. The basic four beasts whom the writer Gospel Of Matthew
answer is that the four gospels of the Revelation saw around Matthew was a Galilean Jew
all tell us the same story, but the throne (Revelation 4:7). and is referred to as “Matthew
from four different viewpoints The emblems are variously the tax collector” (Matt. 10:2).
and to four different audi- distributed among the gospel It is the unanimous consent of
ences. writers, but a common alloca- the “church fathers” such as
Let me illustrate this idea. tion is that the man stands for Irenaeus, Origien, Eusebius
Suppose a young family is Mark, which is the plainest, and Jerome that Matthew
standing on a street corner the most straightforward and wrote his gospel in Hebrew
and witnesses an automobile the most human of the gos- and it was later translated into
accident. The father might tell pels; the lion stands for Mat- Greek.
you the make and model of thew, for he specially saw While Matthew does not
the two cars involved. The Jesus as the Messiah and the state the purpose of his book
mother might be able to tell Lion of the tribe of Judah; the like John did (John 20:30–31),
you the color of the cars ox stands for Luke, because it is it is obvious to even the casual
involved and the number of the animal of service and reader that he wrote to prove
occupants. Their little boy sacrifice, and Luke saw Jesus that in Jesus of Nazareth is to
witnessing the same accident as the great servant of men be found the fulfillment of all
might not know about the and the universal sacrifice for Messianic prophecy.
make or model of the cars, but all mankind; the eagle stands
he might be able to tell you for John, because it alone of all
about the puppy who was living creatures can look
almost hit, while his little straight into the
sister would only tell you sun and not be
about the baby doll that got dazzled, and
thrown out of the first car at John has the
the time of impact. Now, who most penetrat-
told the truth? They all told ing gaze of all
the truth, but from different the New
viewpoints. Testament
The gospel writers all tell us writers into
the same basic story about the the eternal
life of Christ. However, while mysteries
one writer might choose to and the
emphasize the parables of eternal truths
Jesus, another writer might and the very
skip over the parables and mind of God.
dwell on the nature and Many people
character of our Lord. Putting find them-
all four gospel accounts selves closer
together gives us a fuller and to God and to
richer portrait of the life and Jesus Christ
work of Jesus the Messiah. in John than
“Very often on stained glass in any other book

New Testament Survey David Padfield 1

Some have commented that by the prophet Isaiah” (Matt. The Gospel Of Mark
the gospel of Matthew was 3:3; Isa. 40:3). The gospel of Mark was
written by a Jew, about a Jew, Christ began His ministry in written to a Roman audience.
to other Jews—and this is “Capernaum, which is by the If one verse could reflect the
certainly the case. sea, in the regions of Zebulun message of the book, it would
Try to picture a Greek and Naphtali, that it might be be this: “For even the Son of
opening the gospel of Mat- fulfilled which was spoken by Man did not come to be
thew for the first time. Within Isaiah the prophet” (Matt. served, but to serve, and to
the first few verses he would 4:13–14; Isa. 9:1–2). Even the give His life a ransom for
read of the genealogy of teaching method of Jesus was many” (Mark 10:45). In the
Christ. Among the Jews this a matter of prophecy. Mat- book of Mark Christ is pre-
would have seemed both thew explains that “Jesus sented as the ideal servant.
logical and appropriate, but to spoke to the multitude in Unlike Matthew, Mark does
a Greek it would have been parables; and without a not give us the genealogy of
unintelligible. He would also parable He did not speak to Christ, for the genealogy of a
read of Jesus being the Mes- them, that it might be fulfilled servant is not important.
siah—a term which no Greek which was spoken by the Since Mark was not writing
would have been able to fully prophet, saying: ‘I will open to a Jewish audience, he had
comprehend. The point is that My mouth in parables; I will to explain Jewish customs and
the gospel of Matthew was utter things which have been settings to his readers. Mat-
never intended for a Greek kept secret from the founda- thew tells us of the question
audience. tion of the world.’” (Matt. the scribes and Pharisees had
There are more than forty 13:34–35; Psa. 78:2). over the fact the disciples of
Old Testament passages The death of Christ on Jesus did “not wash their
quoted in Matthew in connec- Calvary’s cross was also a hands when they eat bread”
tion with even the minor matter of prophecy, and (Matt. 15:1–11). When Mark
events of the life of Christ. Matthew goes into detail to tells the same story he has to
Matthew would often mention explain this fact. Christ was explain the washing of hands
some minor detail in the life of betrayed into the hands of the was a ceremonial cleansing,
Christ and then shows that the enemy for thirty pieces of not the washing of dirt off the
event was a fulfillment of silver, as prophesied by body. “For the Pharisees and
prophecy. Matthew explains Jeremiah (Matt. 27:9–10; Jer. all the Jews do not eat unless
that Christ was born of a 32:6–9). When He was they wash their hands in a
virgin “that it might be crucified, the soldiers “di- special way, holding the
fulfilled which was spoken by vided His garments, casting tradition of the elders. When
the Lord through the prophet” lots, that it might be fulfilled they come from the market-
(Matt. 1:22; Isa. 7:14). The chief which was spoken by the place, they do not eat unless
priests told Herod that the prophet: ‘They divided My they wash. And there are
Messiah would be born in garments among them, and many other things which they
Bethlehem, “for thus it is for My clothing they cast have received and hold, like
written by the prophet” (Matt. lots.’” (Matt. 27:35; Psa. 22:18). the washing of cups, pitchers,
2:5; Micah 5:2). When Herod Even His words on the cross copper vessels, and couches.”
ordered the slaughter of the were a matter of prophecy, for (Mark 7:3–4).
innocent children, it was seen there in agony He quoted the When Jesus predicted the
as a fulfillment of “what was words of the Psalms 22, the destruction of the Temple,
spoken by Jeremiah the Psalm of the cross, “‘Eli, Eli, Mark tells us that Jesus “sat on
prophet” (Matt. 2:17; Hos. lama sabachthani?’ that is, the Mount of Olives opposite
11:1). John the Baptist pre- ‘My God, My God, why have the temple” (Mark 13:3). Every
pared the way for Jesus, “for You forsaken Me?’” (Matt. Jew knew the Mount of Olives
this is he who was spoken of 27:46; Psa. 22:1). was “opposite the temple,”
New Testament Survey David Padfield 2
but Roman readers would datings. ‘In the fifteenth year “The humanity of Jesus
have had no idea as to its of the reign of Tiberius Caesar Christ is genuine, as John
location. (1), Pontius Pilate being makes clear, but it is not an
Mark also has to explain the governor of Judaea (2), Herod ordinary human life that John
day of Unleavened Bread was being tetrarch of Galilee (3), discloses. It is that of one who
“when they killed the Pass- and his brother Philip being before His incarnation existed
over lamb,” something every tetrarch of the region of with God, as very God (Jo. 1:1,
Jew would have known since Ituraea and Trachonitis (4), 14, 18), and who came to earth
birth, but about which a and Lysanias tetrarch of to reveal the Father to men …
Roman would have been Abilene (5) in the high priest- If we wish to know God, look
unfamiliar. hood of Annas and Caiaphas at Jesus Who has revealed
(6), the word of God came to Him in personal bodily form,
The Gospel Of Luke John’ (Luke 3:1, 2). Here is a in human personality, the
Luke has the distinction of man who is writing with care actual combination or union of
being the only Gentile writer and who will be as accurate as God with man.” (Robertson,
in the Bible. He is referred to it is possible for him to be.” Epochs in the Life of the Apostle
by Paul as “Luke the beloved (William Barclay, The Gospel John, pp. 167, 172).
physician” (Col. 4:14). It has Of Luke, p. 3). I have always been im-
been observed that preachers pressed with the descriptive
usually see men at their best, The Gospel Of John terms John uses for Christ in
lawyers see men at their Unlike the other gospel writ- the first chapter of his book.
worst, and doctors see men as ers, John clearly states the Not only was He “the Word”
they really are. Luke sets forth purpose of his book. After who “became flesh” (John
the humanity of the Son of describing the appearance of 1:14), but He is “the Lamb of
Man and presents in chrono- Christ to Thomas and the rest God who takes away the sin of
logical order the life of Christ. of the apostles, John writes: the world” (John 1:29). He is
As a physician, he is more “And truly Jesus did many further described as “the Son
exacting in his use of lan- other signs in the presence of of God,” “the Messiah” and
guage. When he refers to a His disciples, which are not “Jesus of Nazareth, the son of
leper he uses the exact medi- written in this book; but these Joseph” (John 1:29, 34, 45).
cal term to describe the condi- are written that you may Nathaniel refers to Him as
tion, i.e., “full of leprosy” believe that Jesus is the Christ, “Rabbi,” “the Son of God” and
(Luke 5:12). In Mark 3:1 we the Son of God, and that “the King of Israel” (John
read of the man with the believing you may have life in 1:49). Jesus ends the chapter
withered hand whom Jesus His name.” (John 20:30–31). by referring to Himself as “the
healed on the Sabbath—Luke The purpose of the gospel of Son of Man” (John 1:51).
adds it was his right hand John is to prove the Deity of The four gospels truly give
which was withered, some- Jesus Christ. Instead of giving us a marvelous glimpse into
thing a physician would note the genealogy of Christ, John the life of the Son of God who
(Luke 6:6). It is also the physi- goes back into eternity to tell died for us!
cian who notes that in the us that, “In the beginning was —David Padfield
Garden our Lord’s “sweat the Word, and the Word was
became like great drops of with God, and the Word was
blood falling down to the God. He was in the beginning
ground” (Luke 22:44). with God. All things were
“An example of Luke’s care made through Him, and
is the way in which he dates without Him nothing was
the emergence of John the made that was made. In Him
Baptist. He does so by no was life, and the life was the
fewer than six contemporary light of men.” (John 1:1–4).
New Testament Survey David Padfield 3
 The Gospel Of Matthew
Author: Matthew the tax collector (Matt. 10:2).

Purpose: Written to a Jewish audience to prove that in Jesus of Nazareth is the fulfillment
of all Messianic Prophecy. Emphasizes the “kingdom of heaven.”

Fulfilled Prophecy: Matthew contains over 60 quotations from the Old Testament. Find the
prophecy that is being quoted in the following passages, and then name the event.

Matthew Quoted From Event

1:22–23 ____________________ _______________________________

2:5–6 ____________________ _______________________________

2:15 ____________________ _______________________________

2:17–18 ____________________ _______________________________

3:3 ____________________ _______________________________

4:12–16 ____________________ _______________________________

8:16–17 ____________________ _______________________________

12:15–21 ____________________ _______________________________

13:34–35 ____________________ _______________________________

21:1–5 ____________________ _______________________________

26:31 ____________________ _______________________________

27:9–10 ____________________ _______________________________

27:35 ____________________ _______________________________

27:46 ____________________ _______________________________

The Kingdom Of Heaven

1. How many times does the phrase “kingdom of heaven” appear in Matthew? How
many times does the phrase “kingdom of God” appear in Matthew?

2. Mark never uses the phrase “kingdom of heaven.” How many times does he speak of
the “kingdom of God?” How many times does Luke refer to the “kingdom of God”?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 4

The Genealogy Of Christ (Matt. 1:1–17)

1. Why is this genealogical record so important?

2. What does this genealogy prove?

3. Name the women listed in this record. Why are they significant?

4. Name the Gentiles in this list. Why are they significant?

5. What is the significance of Jeconiah (Matt. 1:12)?

What Is The Significance Of The Following Events?

1. Work of John the Baptist (3:1–17)

2. Temptation of Christ (4:1–11)

3. Sermon of the Mount (5:1—7:29)

4. The Transfiguration (17:1–5)

5. Discourse on divorce (19:1–9)

6. Triumphal entry into Jerusalem (21:1–11)

7. Day of controversy (22:15—23:39)

8. Prophecy the of destruction of Jerusalem (24:1–35)

9. Crucifixion, burial and ascension (27:1—28:10)

New Testament Survey David Padfield 5

 The Gospel Of Mark
Author: John Mark (Col. 4:10–11; Acts 12:12; 15:37).

Purpose: Written to a Roman audience. With the exception of Mark 1:2, there are no proofs
drawn from the Old Testament. Shows the power and majesty of Christ.

“In language, Mark shows a distinct preference for Latin technical terms,
particularly terms connected with the army (e.g. legion, Ch. 5:9; praetorium,
Ch. 15:16; centurion, Ch. 15:39), the courts (e.g. speculator, Ch. 6:27; flagellare,
Ch. 15:15) and commerce (e.g. denarius, Ch. 12:15; quadrans, Ch. 12:42).
Although such terms were in use throughout the empire, it is particularly
significant that twice common Greek expressions in the Gospel are explained
by Latin ones (Ch. 12:42, ‘two copper coins [lepta], which make a quadrans’;
Ch. 15:16, ‘the palace, that is the praetorium’). The first of these examples is
particularly instructive, for the quadrans was not in circulation in the east. The
presence of latinisms and of technical terminology confined to the west is
harmonious with the tradition that Mark was written in Rome.
“In agreement with the Roman method of reckoning time Mark speaks of
four watches of the night, rather than of the three which were traditional in
Jewish reckoning (Chs. 6:48; 13:35). It is even possible that Mark has
structured his Passion narrative in accordance with the four Roman night
watches, since Jesus enters Jerusalem to share the Passover with his disciples
in the evening (Ch. 14:17); the hour of betrayal in the Garden of Gethsemane is
very probably midnight (Ch. 14:41); the denial of Peter occurs in connection
with cock-crow (Ch. 14:72); and the time when Jesus is brought to Pilate is
early morning (Ch. 15:1). If it was Mark’s intention to structure his narrative in
this fashion, it was in Rome that the significance of this would be especially
appreciated.
“It is apparent, moreover, that Mark prepared his Gospel for Gentile
Christians who were familiar with the OT in the Greek VS, and who needed
an explanation of Palestinian customs and practices (e.g. Chs. 7:3; 14:12;
15:42). The evangelist regularly translates for his readers the Aramaic words
and phrases preserved in the tradition (e.g. Chs. 3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34; 9:43; 10:46;
14:36; 15:22, 34), including the simple Abba which Paul had used when
writing to the Church at Rome (Rom. 8:15).
“Finally, it is noteworthy that the Gospel of Mark reaches its climax in the
confession of Jesus’ deity by a Roman centurion (Ch. 15:39). Roman
Christianity found in the Gospel an account peculiarly appropriate to its life
and problems.” (William L. Lane, The Gospel According To Mark, pp. 24–25)

New Testament Survey David Padfield 6

The Canon Of Mark 16:9–16

1. It is claimed it is not authentic because it is not found in two of the oldest manuscripts
(Vatican and Sinaitic). It is in practically all of the others—some 500 of them—including
the Alexandrian, which is next to the Vatican and Sinaitic in age and accuracy.
2. The passage was quoted by Irenaeus in the second century.
3. All of the ancient versions contain it, which shows that it was in the Greek copies from
which the translations were made. Among them are the Peshito Syriac, Old Latin,
Sahidic, Coptic—all of which were in existence earlier than the two manuscripts that
omit it.
4. The same two manuscripts that leave out Mark 16:9–20 also leave out the book of
Revelation.

“In 1881 two scholars, Brooke Foss Westcott and Fenton John Anthony
Hort published a two-volume work, The New Testament in the Original Greek.
In their work they relied heavily on the recently discovered Alexandrian
manuscripts, Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus, but especially
Vaticanus.
“They assumed that these manuscripts were better because they were
from an earlier date than any previously available… Until now, most new
translations of the Scriptures since 1881 have used this type of Greek text as
the basis for their New Testaments.
“The New King James Version departs from this recent tradition. It
returns to the Textus Receptus. A growing number of scholars now recognize
that the Byzantine-type text of the Textus Receptus is older than the age of the
earliest extant Byzantine manuscripts. New Testament readings once thought
to be uniquely Byzantine have been found in the papyri—the oldest extant
manuscripts or fragments.” (Dr. Arthur Farstad, Why The New King James
Version?, pp. 14–15)

Explanation of Jewish Customs

1. Compare Mark 7:3–4 with Matthew 15:1–9. What information does Mark add?

2. Compare Mark 13:3 with Matthew 24:3. What information does Mark add?

3. Compare Mark 14:12 with Matthew 26:17. What information does Mark add?

4. Compare Mark 15:42 with Matthew 27:62. What information does Mark add?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 7

 The Gospel Of Luke
Author: Luke, the “beloved physician” (Col. 4:14).

Purpose: To present Christ to the Gentile world as the ideal man.

“The later date and its relation to the church situation calls for a
consideration of Luke’s purpose in writing and how he carried out that
purpose. The theme of the Gospel is well phrased as ‘Jesus, the Universal
Savior.’ There are reflections in Matthew—the Great Commission for example
(Matt. 28:19–20)—of the fact that what God did in Jesus Christ was for all
men. In the Gospel of John fifteen to twenty years later there will be more
reflections of it. Luke, however, has this as the continuous thread of his
Gospel. The exposition to follow will make this clear. The extent of it may be
profitably observed here.
“In Simeon’s song, when the infant Jesus was presented in the Temple, he
is called ‘a light for revelation to the Gentiles’ (2:32). At the beginning of his
ministry Jesus was rejected by his fellow villagers in Nazareth because he
implied that his role as the Anointed One and his message were for Gentiles
—he reminded them that God’s favor had been bestowed on Gentiles as well
as, even in some cases more than, Jews (4:21–30). His association with
spiritual and social outcasts was a part of his purpose in the world (5:29–32
and many others). Only once in Luke’s Gospel does Jesus commend a person
for great faith, and that person was a Gentile (7:9). It was a despised
Samaritan who stopped to help a wounded man in one of Jesus’ most
beautiful parables (10:29–37). Men (Gentiles) will come from east, west, north,
and south to share in the kingdom of God (13:29). When those originally
invited (Jews) refuse the invitation to the great banquet, the invitation is
extended to others (Gentiles) who accept (14:16–24). A cleansed Samaritan
leper returns to give thanks to Jesus while nine cleansed Jewish lepers do not
(17:12–19). Jesus’ time with the disciples between his resurrection and his
ascension was spent in explaining to them the redemptive significance of his
suffering and their responsibility to take this message of God’s forgiveness for
man’s sin ‘to all nations’ (24:44–49).
“Luke’s view of Jesus as the Savior for all people without regard to race or
life condition extends beyond this emphasis on mercy for Gentiles. It is
clearly reflected in his choice of both narrative and teaching materials
embracing Jesus’ great concern for social outcasts, for women, for those
labeled ‘sinners’ by their fellow Jews because they had ceased to conform to
the way of God as it was interpreted by the religious leaders of Israel. To such
a society Jesus came with an offer of the compassionate love of God for all
men, and at the same time a demand for undivided loyalty to God on the part
of those who commit themselves to him. This is the ‘Good News According to
Luke.’” (Ray Summers, Commentary On Luke, pp. 12–13)

New Testament Survey David Padfield 8

Questions For Your Consideration

1. What was Luke’s profession (Col. 4:14)? How did this affect his style of writing?

2. How did John the Baptist have the “spirit and power of Elijah” (1:17)?

3. What was the purpose of John’s baptism (3:1–6)?

4. How did the Pharisees reject the counsel of God (7:29–30)?

5. What is the significance of Mary’s statement in Luke 1:47?

6. What is the significance of the shepherds being in the field (2:8)?

7. How did Christ “increase in wisdom” (2:52)?

8. What is the significance of Shealtiel in the genealogy of Christ (3:27)?

9. How did Christ meet the temptations Satan put before Him (4:1–12)?

10. What are the four types of soil in Luke 8:4–8? What do they represent?

11. What was the topic of conversation in Luke 9:30–31?

12. What three men saw the man who fell among the thieves (10:30–37)?

13. What religious group has the same attitude as the woman in Luke 11:27–28?

14. What can we learn from the three parables in Luke 15?

15. What did Jesus promise the thief on the cross (23:39–43)? Why?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 9

 The Gospel Of John
Author: John (cf. John 21:20–25).

Purpose: To prove the Divinity of Christ (John 20:30–31) and show His love for the
individual (John 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13). John records ten out of the twenty discourses of
Christ, yet none of the thirty-one parables, and only eight of the thirty-one miracles.

Testimony Offered to Sustain the Claims of Jesus

(Part of outline condensed from Homer Hailey’s book, That You May Believe)

Human Testimony
1. John the Baptist (John 1:19–34)
2. Andrew (John 1:41)
3. Philip (John 1:45)
4. Nathannael (John 1:49)
5. Mary (John 2:1–5)
6. Nicodemus (John 3:2)
7. The Samaritans (John 4:19, 29, 39, 42)
8. Peter (John 6:68)
9. The multitude (John 12:13)
10. The Pharisees (John 11:47)
11. The officers (John 7:46)
12. The man born blind (John 9:24–34)
13. Martha and Mary (John 11:21)
14. The disciples at supper (John 16:30)
15. Pilate (John 19:6, 14, 19)
16. Thomas (John 11:16; 20:25–28)
17. John (John 19:35; 21:24)

The Father’s Testimony

1. The Miracles (John 5:36)
a. Water to wine (John 2:1–11)
b. Healing of nobleman’s son (John 4:46–54)
c. Healing of the lame man (John 5:1–9)
d. Feeding of the 5,000 (John 6:1–4)
e. Jesus’ walking on the sea (John 6:16–21)
f. Restoring sight to the man born blind (John 9:1–12)
g. Raising of Lazarus (John 11:39–44)
h. The draught of fishes (John 21:6–11)
2. Through the Scriptures (John 1:45)
a. The prophet (Deut. 18:15–18; John 5:19, 7:16, 8:28; 12:49)
b. Types and shadows (Heb. 10:1–4; John 5:39, 19:36)
3. The Resurrection (John 2:19, 21; Rom. 1:3–4)

New Testament Survey David Padfield 10

Questions For Your Consideration

1. What is different in John’s introduction than in the other gospels (1:1–5)?

2. What right do believers have (1:11–12)? How do they exercise this right?

3. List the titles and/or names of Christ in the following passages:

a. John 1:1 ________________________________________
b. John 1:29 ________________________________________
c. John 1:34 ________________________________________
d. John 1:38 ________________________________________
e. John 1:41 ________________________________________
f. John 1:45 ________________________________________
g. John 1:49 ________________________________________
h. John 1:51 ________________________________________

4. How is one “born of the water and the Spirit” (3:5)?

5. How many people did Jesus baptize (4:1–2)?

6. Why is John 6:15 the death knell of premillennialism?

7. What “witness” did Jesus bring to His defense (8:13–20)?

8. Does John 10:27–30 teach the impossibility of apostasy?

9. How did Caiaphas, an antagonist of Christ, prophesy in John 11:49–51?

10. Did the rulers believe in Christ (12:42–44)? Were they saved?

11. How will the Holy Spirit convict the world of sin (16:8)?

12. Please explain John 21:15–19.

New Testament Survey David Padfield 11

 The Book Of Acts
Author: Luke, the beloved physician (Col. 4:14).

Purpose: To show the Gospel of Christ in action.

Highlights: The establishment of the church (Acts 2); examples of conversion; the reception
of the gospel by various groups (cf. Luke 8:4–15).

Seven Seconds In The Bible

Joel 2:28-32 Eph. 2:1-7

Isa. 2:1-5 Acts 2 Col. 2:10-15

Dan. 2:31-45 Heb. 2:3-9

Preachers and their audiences: Please fill in the blanks for the following Scriptures…

Acts Preacher Audience Results

2:14–39 _______________ ________________ ________________________

3:11–26 _______________ ________________ ________________________

7:1–60 _______________ ________________ ________________________

10:34–48 _______________ ________________ ________________________

13:15–41 _______________ ________________ ________________________

17:22–33 _______________ ________________ ________________________

20:17–38 _______________ ________________ ________________________

22:1–21 _______________ ________________ ________________________

23:1–10 _______________ ________________ ________________________

24:10–21 _______________ ________________ ________________________

26:1–31 _______________ ________________ ________________________

New Testament Survey David Padfield 12
Religious Antagonists: Wicked men often tried to hinder the progress of the gospel.
Explain how they attempted to stop the preaching of the Word in these passages.

Acts 4:1–4, 13–22 __________________________________________________________

Acts 5:17–21 __________________________________________________________
Acts 5:40–42 __________________________________________________________
Acts 6:12–15 __________________________________________________________
Acts 7:54–60 __________________________________________________________
Acts 8:3–4 __________________________________________________________
Acts 9:1–2 __________________________________________________________
Acts 9:23 __________________________________________________________
Acts 12:1–3 __________________________________________________________
Acts 13:6–8 __________________________________________________________
Acts 13:48–52 __________________________________________________________
Acts 14:4–6 __________________________________________________________
Acts 14:19–20 __________________________________________________________
Acts 16:20–24 __________________________________________________________
Acts 17:5–9 __________________________________________________________
Acts 17:32 __________________________________________________________
Acts 18:5–6 __________________________________________________________
Acts 19:23–29 __________________________________________________________
Acts 20:3 __________________________________________________________
Acts 21:26–36 __________________________________________________________
Acts 22:22–24 __________________________________________________________
Acts 23:11–22 __________________________________________________________
Acts 24:1–9 __________________________________________________________

Historical Background: The preaching journeys of Paul give us the historical background
for many of the books he would later write. The following passages give us the
background for what New Testament books?

Acts 2:10 __________________________________________________________

Acts 13:13—14:25 __________________________________________________________
Acts 16:1–4 __________________________________________________________
Acts 16:9–40 __________________________________________________________
Acts 17:1–9 __________________________________________________________
Acts 18:1–17 __________________________________________________________
Acts 19:1–41 __________________________________________________________

New Testament Survey David Padfield 13

 Romans
Author: Paul (Rom. 1:1).

Purpose: To show the gospel plan of salvation (Rom. 1:16–17), and to demonstrate the
righteousness of God (Rom. 3:21–26).

Overview of the book by chapter: Verses in brackets [ ] will be discussed in class.

1 – The Gentiles are sinners [vss. 26–32]

2 – The Jews are sinners [vss.1–6]
3 – All men have sinned [vss. 9–20]
The Scheme 4 – Abraham’s justification by faith [vss. 1–4, 13–22]
Of Redemption 5 – Salvation: God’s free gift [vss. 1–4, 12–18]
6 – Dead to sin; alive to God [vss. 1–4, 15–18]
7 – Freed from the law [vss. 1–4]
8 – More than conquerors [vss. 31–39]

9 – The Potter and the clay [vss. 14–29]

Paul’s Desire 10 – Calling on the name of the Lord [vss. 8–17]
For Israel 11 – Pruning the branches [vss. 11–25]

12 – A living sacrifice [vss. 1–2, 9–21]

Live As A 13 – Submission to civil government [vss. 1–7]
Christian 14 – The law of liberty [vss. 1–13]
15 – Bear with the weak [vss. 25–33]
16 – Commendations and warnings [vss. 17–20]

New Testament Survey David Padfield 14

Questions For Your Consideration

1. How is the righteousness of God revealed (1:17)?

2. Why did God “give up” on the Gentiles (1:24–32)?

3. On what basis will God judge the world (2:1–6)?

4. What is the circumcision of the heart (2:29)?

5. Define the word “propitiation” (3:25).

6. Was Abraham saved by faith alone (4:5)?

7. How are we “justified by faith” (5:1)?

8. When does one walk in “newness of life” (6:1–4)?

9. When did the struggle described in Romans 7:13–25 take place?

10. Explain Romans 8:28. Is there a limit on this?

11. Did God predetermine the destiny of Esau (9:13)?

12. To what extent must we obey the civil government (13:1–7)?

13. How far must we go in attempting to respect another brother’s conscience (14:1–23)?

14. Why was Paul journeying to Jerusalem (15:22–33)?

15. Was Phoebe a “deacon” in the church (16:1)?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 15

 First Corinthians
Author: Paul (1 Cor. 1:1).

Purpose: To correct the problems at the church in Corinth.

Identify the problem: Please identify the problem Paul is discussing in the following
verses, then discuss Paul’s solution.

1:10–17 _____________________________________________________________

3:1–3 _____________________________________________________________

5:1–13 _____________________________________________________________

6:1–8 _____________________________________________________________

7:1–9 _____________________________________________________________

9:1–13 _____________________________________________________________

11:2–16 _____________________________________________________________

11:17–34 _____________________________________________________________

12:1—14:40 _____________________________________________________________

15:12–19 _____________________________________________________________

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 Second Corinthians
Author: Paul (2 Cor. 1:1).

Background: One of Paul’s most personal letters. Written 12–15 months after first letter.

Questions For Your Consideration

1. What happened to the man who was disciplined in the first letter (2:3–11)?

2. How was Paul both “the aroma of life” and “the aroma of death” (2:14–16)?

3. What is the “glory” of 2 Corinthians 3:7–16? What is the application for us?

4. What is the “treasure in earthen vessels” (4:7)?

5. Why is our body referred to as a tent (5:1–3)?

6. What kind of fellowship is spoken of in 6:11–7:1?

7. What is “godly sorrow” (7:10)?

8. Why did the Macedonians give so bountifully (8:1–5)?

9. What was the purpose of the gift in 2 Corinthians 9:1?

10. What is the purpose of our warfare (10:3–6)?

11. How did Paul “rob” churches (11:8)?

12. What are the “signs on an apostle” (12:12)?

13. What is the examination mentioned in 1 Corinthians 13:5?

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 Galatians
Author: Paul (Gal. 1:1).

Purpose: A defense of Paul’s apostleship and a contrast between the Law and Gospel.

Background: Acts 13:13—15:25.

Questions for your consideration

1. What warning is given in Galatians 1:8–9?

2. How does Paul prove and defend his apostleship in chapter one?

3. What sin was Peter guilty of in Galatians 2:11–14? What did Paul do about it?

4. If righteousness could come by the law, what would be the consequence (2:21)?

5. Who are the “sons of Abraham” (3:7)?

6. Could the law of Moses annul the covenant of God with Abraham (3:15–18)?

7. What was the purpose of the law (3:19–25)?

8. How are we made the “sons of God by faith” (3:26–27)?

9. Why was the time perfect for Christ to be born (4:4)? List five reasons.

10. Besides Galatians 5:4, what other passages show that one can fall from grace?

11. List the works of the flesh (5:19–21).

12. What elements compose the fruit of the Spirit (5:22–23)?

13. Galatians 6:2 and 6:5 both use the word “burden” (KJV). Is this a contradiction?

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 Ephesians
Author: Paul (Eph. 1:1).

Purpose: To tell about the church that belongs to Christ.

Background: Acts 19:1—20:38. All Spiritual Blessings Are In Christ

(Ephesians 1:3)
Facts about the church (1:22–23; 4:4)

1. Who is the head of the church? Baptized “Into”

“In Christ”
Romans 6:3-6
Redemption
Galatians 3:26, 27
Ephesians 1:7
2. What is the church called in 1:23?
Confess “Unto” New Creation
Romans 10:10 2 Corinthians 5:17
3. How many churches are there?
Repent “Unto” Sanctification
Acts 11:18 Hebrews 13:12
Salvation By Faith (2:8–9) Justification
Believe “Unto”
Romans 5:9
Romans 10:10
1. How are we saved by grace?

2. What is the gift of God?

3. What kind of works are excluded from being a part of our salvation?

The Mystery Revealed (3:1–13)

1. What is the “mystery” (3:3)?

2. What is the “grace” mentioned in Ephesians 3:8?

The New Man In Christ (4:25–32; cf. Col. 3:8–17)

1. List the sins we are to “put off.”

2. List the characteristics we are to “put on.”

Marriage—Christ and the Church (5:22–33)

1. To what degree are wives to submit to their husbands?

2. To what extent are husbands to love their wives?

The Whole Armor of God (6:10–20)

1. Name and describe the pieces of armor we are to wear.

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 Philippians
Author: Paul (Phil. 1:1).

Purpose: To explain Paul’s joy in Christ.

Background: Prison epistle (Acts 16:9–40; 2 Cor. 8:1–7).

Four Points To Remember

1. Christ is the purpose of my life (1:21).

2. Christ is the pattern of my life (2:5).
3. Christ is the prize of my life (3:14).
4. Christ is the power of my life (4:13).

Highlights

1. Paul’s desire to be with Christ (1:19–24).

a. What quandary did Paul (1:23)?

b. What were the consequences of the choices before Paul (1:22)?

2. Lesson on humility, exemplified by Christ (2:1–11).

a. What, if anything, did Christ give up by coming to this earth (2:6–7)?

b. What was the extent of Christ’s humiliation?

3. Paul’s background (3:3–7).

a. What would the average Jew in the first century thought of Paul’s background?

b. After his conversion, what did Paul think of his background?

4. The generosity of the Philippian brethren (4:10–20).

a. What had Paul learned (4:11)?

5. The saints in Caesar’s household (4:22).

a. What was the occupation of those in “Caesar’s household”?

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 Colossians
Author: Paul (Col. 1:1).

Geography: Colosse was in the Lycus Valley. A sister city to both Hierapolis and Laodicea.

Purpose: Glory and exaltation of Christ. Warning against following worldly wisdom.

For Your Consideration

1. The preeminence of Christ is discussed in Colossians 1:13–18.

a. How is Christ the image of the invisible God?

b. Define the phrase “in Him all things consist” (1:17).

2. A warning against human philosophy is found in Colossians 2:1–10.

a. What is hidden in Christ (2:3)? Please describe.

b. How could one “cheat” you spiritually (2:8)?

3. Did baptism take the place of circumcision (2:11)?

4. How can we apply Colossians 2:16–17 today?

5. How is it possible to “live in” sin (3:1–7)?

6. Who or what is a Scythian (3:11)?

7. How can the “word of Christ dwell” in us (3:16)?

8. How do we “do all in the name of the Lord Jesus” (3:17)?

9. Compare Colossians 3:18–4:1 with Ephesians 5:22–6:9.

10. What happened to Paul’s epistle to the “church of the Laodiceans” (4:16)?

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 First Thessalonians
Author: Paul (1 Thes. 1:1).
Background: Acts 17:1–10.

Theme: The Word of God (heard, shared and lived).

The Return Of Christ: Mentioned in every chapter (1:10; 2:19; 3:13; 4:13; 5:1–11).

Most Abused Passage In The New Testament: 1 Thessalonians 5:22

For Your Consideration

1. What did Paul remember about this congregation (1:3–4)?

2. How did the gospel come to Thessalonica (1:5)?

3. How was the word of God sounded forth (1:8)?

4. Describe Paul’s conduct while at Thessalonica (2:1–12)?

5. What was the hope, joy and crown of Paul (2:19)?

6. What did Timothy bring to Paul (3:6)?

7. Who are the saints in 4:14? What are they doing?

8. Who will Jesus bring “with Him” (4:14)?

9. What is the state of those who have “fallen asleep” (4:13–18)?

10. Who will “rise first” (4:16)? How many resurrections will there be?

11. To what did Paul compare the return of Christ (5:2)?

12. Who are we to “recognize” (5:12)? What does this mean?

13. How can one “pray without ceasing” (5:17)?

14. How could one “quench the Spirit” (5:19)?

15. Why is 1 Thessalonians 5:22 one on the most abused passages in the Bible?

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 Second Thessalonians
Author: Paul (2 Thes. 1:1).

Background: Written 3 or 4 months after First Thessalonians.

For Your Consideration

1. Why did Paul give thanks for those at Thessalonica (1:3)?

2. Why is God “righteous” when He punishes the wicked (1:6–9)?

3. Who will receive the vengeance of God (1:8)?

4. How and when will Christ be “admired” (1:10)?

5. Who is the “man of sin” (2:3)?

6. What is now being “restrained” (2:6)?

7. What is the “mystery of lawlessness” (2:7)?

8. What “powers” does the “lawless one” posses (2:9–10)?

9. What will God send those who do not love the truth (2:10–12)?

10. How did God “call us” (2:14)?

11. How can the word of God have “free course” (3:1)?

12. What does it mean to “walk disorderly” (3:6)?

13. How are we to treat those who “walk disorderly” (3:6–15)?

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 First Timothy
Author: Paul (1 Tim. 1:1).

Background: Acts 16:1–5.

I & II Timothy and Titus are often referred to as “the pastoral epistles,” based upon a
misunderstanding by some of the work of evangelists and elders (pastors).

For Your Consideration

1. In what way was Timothy Paul’s “son in the faith” (1:2)?

2. How would one give heed to “endless genealogies” (1:4)?

3. How was the gospel committed to Paul’s trust (1:11)?

4. List three reasons the Lord extended mercy to Paul (1:12–16)?

5. What are the “prophecies” referred to (1:18)?

6. How were Hymenaeus and Alexander “delivered unto Satan” (1:20)?

7. What elements should be included in our prayers (2:1–2)?

8. Explain the command to “lift up holy hands” (2:8).

9. In what Scriptural ways may a woman teach (2:12)?

10. How is a woman “saved in childbearing” (2:15)?

11. List the terms used to describe elders in the church (3:1–7)?

12. How is the church the “pillar and ground of the truth” (3:15)?

13. Name two “doctrines of devils” (4:1–2)?

14. Are there any foods a Christian may not eat today (4:1–5)?

15. Why was Timothy warned to “let no man despise your youth” (4:12)?

16. Who is responsible for the care of widows (5:1–16)?

17. What was Timothy to do with a “sinning elder” (5:19–22)?

18. What is the “love of money” (6:9–10)?

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 Second Timothy
Author: Paul (2 Tim. 1:1).

For Your Consideration

1. Paul served God with a pure conscience. Did God always approve of Paul (1:3)?

2. How did Christ bring “life and immortality to light” (1:10)?

3. What three works was Paul appointed to (1:11)?

4. Onesiphorus “refreshed” Paul (1:16). What does this mean? Find related passages.

5. What three occupations did Paul compare Timothy’s work to (2:3–6)?

6. How would a soldier “entangle himself with the affairs of this life” (2:4)?

7. How and when will we reign with Christ (2:11)? Find related passages.

8. What would make Timothy a “worker who does not need to be ashamed” (2:15)?

9. How are we to correct those “who are in opposition” (2:25)?

10. How could one have a form of godliness, but deny its power (3:5)?

11. How can one be “always learning” but not have the “knowledge of truth” (3:7)?

12. Who were Jannes and Jambres (3:8)? How did they withstand Moses?

13. What nine things did Timothy know about Paul’s life (3:10–11)?

14. What are the “Holy Scriptures” (3:15)? How do they make us “wise unto salvation”?

15. What motivation did Timothy have to preach the word (4:1)?

16. What is the “work of an evangelist” (4:5)? {Let’s confine ourselves to the Scriptures}

17. Who delivered Paul out of the mouth of the lion (4:17)? What deos this mean?

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 Titus
Author: Paul (Titus 1:1).

For Your Consideration

1. Why did Paul leave Titus in Crete (1:5)?

2. How is an elder the “steward of God” (1:7)?

3. How should an elder “convict those who contradict” (1:9)?

4. What was Titus to do with false teachers (1:13)?

5. What was Titus to speak (2:1)?

6. In what characteristics was Titus to be a pattern (2:7–8)?

7. What does God’s grace teach us (2:12)? How does it teach us?

8. What type of individual does God desire (2:14)?

9. What seven things was Titus to remind the brethren of (3:1–2)?

10. How did Christ save us (3:4–7)?

11. What are we heirs to (3:7)? What does this mean?

12. What are we to maintain (3:14)? Why?

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 Philemon
Author: Paul (Philemon 1:1).

Background: Paul was a prisoner at Rome. Philemon evidently lived in Colosse. Onesimus,
a runaway slave, was converted while Paul was in chains. Paul sends Onesimus back to
his master with this letter.

For Your Consideration

1. How was Paul a “prisoner of Christ” (1:1)?

2. What does the phrase “the church in your house” mean (1:2)?

3. What did Philemon show towards the Lord (1:5)?

4. How did Philemon “share” his faith (1:6)?

5. Define the word “refreshed” (1:7).

6. How did Paul describe himself in Philemon 1:9?

7. What appeal did Paul make for Onesimus?

8. Why did Paul send Onesimus back?

9. Describe the “perhaps” of Philemon 1:15? Why wasn’t Paul “certain”?

10. How did Paul want Philemon to receive Onesimus (1:16)?

11. What was Paul willing to do in Philemon 1:19?

12. What did Paul request in Philemon 1:22?

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 Hebrews
Author: Paul (based upon internal evidence).

Background: Obviously written before the destruction of the Temple in 70 A.D., for the
priesthood still stood (Heb. 8:4; 10:11). The book was for the benefit of Jewish converts
living in Palestine (cf. Heb. 10:32–34; 13:10–14).

Purpose Of The Book: To show the superiority of the New Covenant.

Key Word In The Book: “Better” (found 12 times in the NKJV)

The Better Messenger: Christ (1:1–2:18)
The Better Apostle (3:1–4:13)
The Better Priest (4:14–7:28)
The Better Covenant (8:1–9:28)
The Better Sacrifice (10:1–31)
The Better Way: Faith (10:32–12:29)
Conclusion: The Practice Of Faith (13:1–25)

For Your Consideration

1. List a few of the ways God spoke to prophets in the Old Testament (1:1–3).

2. What phrases in Hebrews 1:1–3 show Christ to be our Prophet, Priest and King?

3. How are the enemies of Christ going to be made His footstool (1:13)?

4. Describe the peril of neglecting our salvation (2:1–4).

4. How was Christ made “lower than the angels” (2:10–18)?

5. Why was Christ counted worthy of more honor than Moses (3:1–6)?

6. What is the “rebellion” spoken of in Hebrews 3:8?

7. What is the “rest” spoken of in Hebrews 4:1? What would keep us from this rest?

8. Compare the priesthood of Christ with that of Aaron (5:1–4).

9. Who is Melchizedek (5:6)? Who is greater, Abraham or Melchizedek? Why?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 28

 10. According to Hebrews 5:7, why was Christ heard when He prayed?

11. Why didn’t Paul continue his discussion of Melchizedek in Hebrews 5:11?

12. How could one “crucify again” the Son of God (6:6)?

13. How did the sons of Levi give tithes to Melchizedek (7:9)?

14. What is the difference between Christ and the Levitical priests (7:27)?

15. Why could Christ not be a priest on earth (8:4)?

16. What pieces of furniture were in the first tabernacle (9:1–5)?

17. When is a testament in force (9:16–17)? How much power does it have before then?

18. What was the law a shadow of (10:1–4)?

19. What is the “day” spoken of in Hebrews 10:25?

20. How would you describe the faith of the characters in Hebrews 11?

21. What “moved” Noah to build the ark (11:7)?

22. What is the “great cloud of witnesses” (12:1)?

23. What is the point of Hebrews 12:18–24?

24. What is the altar of Hebrews 13:10?

25. What is the “everlasting covenant” (13:20)?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 29

 James
Author: James (James 1:1).

Purpose: To insulate Christians against worldly temptations.

Also Known As: The Gospel of Common Sense.

For Your Consideration

1. How do we benefit from trials (1:2)?

2. What are we to ask God for (1:5)? How are we to do this (1:6–8)?

3. Describe the progression of temptation (1:12–16)?

4. What is “pure and undefiled religion” (1:26–27)?

5. What is wrong with showing personal favoritism (2:1)?

6. What type of faith is described in James 2:14–26?

7. What is the danger of careless talk (3:1–12)?

8. What is the fruit of righteousness (3:18)?

9. What is the source of strife (4:1–4)?

10. What will Satan do if you resist him (4:7)?

11. Is it wrong to plan for the future (4:13–17)?

12. What type of person is described in James 5:1–6?

13. Why are those “blessed who endure” (5:11)?

14. Who are the “sick” to call for (5:14)? What are these individuals to do?

15. What is the state of one who “wanders from the truth” (5:19)?

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 First Peter
Author: Peter (1 Pet. 1:1).

Purpose: Written to give Christians encouragement in time of trials.

Written To: “the pilgrims of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and
Bithynia” (1 Peter 1:1).

For Your Consideration

1. How is our inheritance described (1:4)?

2. How is the genuineness of our faith proved (1:7)?

3. What were the prophets “searching” for (1:10)?

4. What was used to redeem us (1:18–19)?

5. How does one purify his soul (1:22)?

6. Explain the description of the redeemed in 1 Peter 2:9–10.

7. Why are we to submit to the government (2:13–14)?

8. How can godly wives convert their non-christian husbands (3:1–6)?

9. Describe the salvation of Noah (3:18–22). How was his salvation a type of ours?

10. What will your non–christian friends think of your present conduct (4:3–4)?

11. Define the word “Christian” (4:16). List other passages where this word is found.

12. How are shepherds to watch over the flock (5:1–4)?

13. What are we to “cast” on the Lord (5:7)? Define the word.

14. Where is Babylon (5:13)?

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 Second Peter
Author: Peter (2 Pet. 1:1).

Purpose: Warns us of false teachers and assures us of Christ’s return.

Apostasy: This book deals at great length with the possibility of apostasy.

For Your Consideration

1. How can “grace and peace be multiplied” to us (1:2)?

2. What has God’s divine power given us (1:3)?

3. List the attributes we are to add to our faith (1:5–7).

4. What will happen if we do not add these things to our faith (1:8–9)?

5. What is the “tent” (or, tabernacle) mentioned in 2 Peter 1:13?

6. How did prophecy come to men in days gone by (1:21)?

7. What examples of divine retribution did Peter use (2:4–11)?

8. Were the people mentioned in 2 Peter 2:20–22 really saved to begin with?

9. Why did Peter write this epistle (3:1)?

10. What will scoffers claim (3:3–4)? What are they ignorant of?

11. What does God desire for all men (3:9)?

12. Why is our Lord’s return compared to a thief in the night (3:10)?

13. What is going to happen to this world when the Lord returns (3:10–12)?

14. What should we be looking forward to (3:13)?

15. What warning is given in 2 Peter 3:17?

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 First John
Author: John (based upon internal evidence).

Theme: The Deity of Christ and the kind of life that faith in Him demands.

Background: False teachers; worldliness; Gnosticism.

For Your Consideration

1. Define “Gnosticism.” What was the basic doctrine of the Gnostics?

2. What is the purpose of John’s letter (1:4)?

3. How is joy made full (1:4)?

4. How is God light (1:5)? Why can there be no darkness in Him?

5. What does it mean to “walk in the light” (1:7)?

6. Define the word “fellowship” (1:7)?

7. Define the word “propitiation” (2:2)?

8. What three things does the world offer (2:16)?

9. What is the “anti-Christ” (2:18)?

10. Why does the world not “know us” (3:1)?

11. Explain why one born of God “cannot sin” (3:9).

12. What do murderers and those who hate their brethren have in common (3:15)?

13. What does it mean to love “in deed and in truth” (3:18)?

14. How can our heart condemn us (3:20)?

15. Who are the “spirits” of 1 John 4:1?

16. How does one overcome the world (5:4)?

17. What is the “sin leading to death” (5:16)?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 33
 Second John
Author: John (based upon internal evidence).

Purpose: A personal letter to “the elect lady”; exhortations to walk in love.

For Your Consideration

1. Who is the “elect lady” (1:1)? Who are her children?

2. How were the “elect lady’s” children behaving (1:4)?

3. What commandment did John write about (1:5)?

4. How does John define love (1:6)?

5. Who are the deceivers (1:7)?

6. How could we “lose those things we worked for” (1:8)?

7. Define the word “transgress” (1:9).

8. What is the “doctrine of Christ” (1:9)?

9. What does it mean to “greet” a false teacher (1:10–11)?

10. How could we share in another’s evil deeds (1:11)?

11. What did John hope for (1:12)?

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 Third John
Author: John (based upon internal evidence).

Purpose: A personal letter to Gaius

.
For Your Consideration

1. What did John wish for Gaius (1:1)?

2. What two things did brethren say about Gaius (1:3)?

3. What was John’s greatest joy (1:4)?

4. How did the brethren bear witness of their love before the church (1:6)?

5. Who is Diotrephes (1:9)? What did he love? (Define the word)

6. What four things was Diotrephes guilty of (1:10)?

7. What are we to imitate (1:11)?

8. Who is Demetrius (1:12)? What did John say about him?

9. Why was this letter so brief?

10. Who are the friends in 3 John 1:14?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 35

 Jude
Author: Jude, the half-brother of our Lord (Jude 1:1).

Background: Antinomians (those who pervert the grace of God) needed to be exposed as
false teachers. These heretics used God’s grace as an excuse for immorality.

For Your Consideration

1. Why did Jude find it necessary to write this letter (1:3)?

2. What does it mean to “earnestly contend for the faith” (1:3)?

3. How can one “turn the grace of God into licentiousness” (1:4)?

4. What did the angels do to make them deserve “everlasting chains” (1:6)?

5. What sins are these “dreamers” guilty of (1:8)?

6. Who is Michael (1:9)? Who did he argue with (1:9)?

7. Who is Balaam (1:11)? What sin was he guilty of?

8. Who is Enoch (1:14)? What did he prophesy about?

9. What did Jude want the brethren to remember (1:17)?

10. How can one “pray in the Holy Spirit” (1:20)?

11. What type of “distinction” are we to make in Jude 1:22?

12. What is the “garment defiled by the flesh” (1:23)?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 36

 Revelation
Author: Jesus Christ (Rev. 1:1). Penned by the apostle John while on Patmos (Rev. 1:9).

Background: Written during the reign of Domitian to the seven churches of Asia.

Purpose: Written to suffering Christians to let them know the Lord was with them and
knew their problems and suffering.

Theme of the Book: “These will make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb will overcome
them, for He is Lord of lords and King of kings; and those who are with Him are called,
chosen, and faithful” (Rev. 17:14).

Note: You can not really do justice to this book in a brief overview. A working knowledge
of the books of Daniel, Ezekiel and Zechariah is necessary before attempting a study of
the Revelation. This book is impossible to understand without an knowledge of the
social and political circumstances of the first century.

Brief Outline

I. The struggle on earth: persecution before victory (ch. 1–11)

A. The glorified Christ in the midst of the lampstands (ch. 1–3)
B. The book with seven seals (ch. 4–7)
1. The throne scene (ch. 4–5)
2. The loosing of the seals (ch. 6–7)
C. The seven trumpets of judgment (ch. 8–11)

II. The deeper spiritual background: Christ (and His church) are persecuted by the
Dragon and his allies. The victory of Christ and the church (ch. 12–22)
A. War! The chief figures of conflict (ch. 12–14)
B. The seven bowls of wrath (ch. 15–16)
C. The fall of the harlot and the beasts (ch. 17–19)
D. The judgment upon the Dragon; new heaven and new earth (ch. 20–22)

For Your Consideration

1. What is the time frame for the fulfillment of the prophecies in this book (1:1)?

2. Define the word “signified” (1:1)?

3. What blessing does this book place upon the one who reads and understands the
prophecy and keep the things written in it (1:3)?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 37

 4. How and when are we made “kings and priests” (1:6)?

5. Why is Christ described as “the Alpha and the Omega” (1:8)?

6. Explain the description of Christ in Revelation 1:12–18.

7. List the good and bad characteristics of the seven churches of Asia:

a. Ephesus (2:1–7)

b. Smyrna (2:8–11)

c. Pergamos (2:12–17)

d. Thyatira (2:18–29)

e. Sardis (3:1–6)

f. Philadelphia (3:7–13)

g. Laodicea (3:14–22)

8. List the songs and the singers mentioned in the throne room scene (ch. 4–5).

9. Find and name the seven seals in chapters six through eight.

10. Find and list the seven trumpets in chapters eight through eleven.

11. Who is the woman mentioned in Revelation 12:1?

New Testament Survey David Padfield 38

 12. Who or what is the “beast rising up out of the sea” (13:1)? Who or what is the
“beast coming up out of the earth” (13:10)?

13. Who are the 144,000 mentioned in Revelation 14:1?

14. What are the seven bowls of wrath (16:2–21)?

15. How is Satan bound (20:1–3)?

16. Who did John see on the thrones (20:4)?

17. Revelation 21 speaks of the new heaven and new earth. What Old Testament
passage speaks of the same thing?

18. What are the consequences of adding to or taking from this book (22:18–19)?

Black Sea
THRACE
Philippi  eapolis
Amphipolis N
Thessalonica 
MACEDONIA 
Berea  Apollonia

Aegean Sea Troas

Pergamum ASIA
Thyatira
ACHAIA Sardis
Smyrna  Philadelphia
Heirapolis
Athens 
Corinth    Ephesus Laodicea

Cenchrea Colossae

Patmos
se
od
Rh

0

100 Miles Crete
Mediterranean Sea
© 1998 David A. Padfield

New Testament Survey David Padfield 39