/Week 5 Lecture
Topic to be discussed:
1. Extradition Treaty
2. International Agreements on Law Enforcement Cooperation
a. Treaty
b. UN Charter
c. INTERPOL
d. Vision and Mission
e. INTERPOL Structure
f. Four Core Functions
Extradition Treaty
Extradition – is the formal process of one state surrendering an individual to another state for
prosecution or punishment for crimes committed in the requesting country’s jurisdiction.
It is also the formal process whereby a State requests from the requested State the return of a person
accused or convicted of a crime to stand trial or serve a sentence in the requesting State.
Extradition Treaty is an international agreement in which the requested State agrees, at the request of
the requesting state and under specified conditions, to turn over persons who are within its jurisdiction
and who are charged with crimes against, or are fugitives from, the requesting state.
At present the Philippines has extradition treaties with Australia, Canada, the Federated States of
Micronesia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Korea, Switzerland, USA, Thailand.
Presidential Decree 1069 – Philippine Extradition Law
Aims of Extradition: (may be granted only pursuant to a treaty or convention)
a. A criminal investigation instituted by authorities of the requesting state or government charging
the accused with an offense punishable under the laws both of the requesting state or
government and the Republic of the Philippines by imprisonment or other form relevant
extradition treaty or convention
b. The execution of a prison sentence imposed by a court of the requesting state or government
Who request an extradition treaty?
1. Any foreign state or government
2. Foreign Diplomat of the requesting state or government addressed to the Secretary of Foreign
Affairs
Duty of Secretary of Foreign Affairs
1. Filing of Petition – shall forward the request together with the related documents to the
Secretary of Justice
International Agreements on International Law Enforcement Cooperation
Channels of International Law Enforcement Cooperation:
a. International cooperation involving operational police assistance
b. International cooperation based upon formal “letters of request”
United Nations Charter
The Charter of the United Nations is the founding document of the United Nations. Signed on June 1945,
in San Francisco. UN Charter is an instrument of international law, and UN members are bound by it.
It also codifies the major principles of international relations, from sovereign equality of States to the
prohibition of the use of force in international relations.
INTERPOL
International Criminal Police Organization
An international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime control.
World’s largest international police organization
Headquarters is in Lyon France
Founded on September 7, 1923 – International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC)
In 1956, ICPC adopted a new constitution and the name Interpol was adopted.
Focuses on three major areas of Transnational Crime: Terrorism, cybercrime, and organized
crime.
Criminal analysis, fugitive investigative support, police data management, forensic support,
capacity building and training, command and coordination center, special projects.
195 Member countries
Organization. International de police criminelle.
INTERPOL STRUCTURE
13 Members
o President
o Vice President (3)
o Delegates (9)
General Secretariat – coordinates day-to-day activities to fight range of crimes and run by
Secretary General staffed by police and civilians
Language used by Interpol in its operation:
Spanish, Arabic, French and English.
I-24/7 – Interpol communication system used to connect in all countries. Secured Global Police
Communication System.
0.5 seconds – response time. Time it takes a country to get the answer
The databases contain millions of records with information on individuals such as names and
fingerprints; stolen property (passports and vehicles); and weapons and threats (firearms).
INTERPOL NOTICES
RED – Wanted persons
YELLOW – missing persons
BLUE – additional information
BLACK – unidentified bodies
GREEN – warnings and intelligence
ORANGE – imminent threat
PURPLE – modus operandi
SKY BLUE – Interpol-UN Security council special notice. Groups and individuals subject to UNSC
Sanctions
Interpol Four Core Functions:
1. A unique and secure global police communication system (I24/7) Interpol 24 hours a day, 7 days
a week.
2. A range of criminal databases and analytical services
3. Protective support on police operations throughout the world
4. Training and Development
Interpol Organization
1. Secretary General
a. First Secretary General: Oskar Dressler
b. Current Secretary General: Jurgen Stock
2. Executive Committee
3. General Assembly
4. President – 1; Vice President – 3; Delegates – 9
a. First President: Johan Schober
b. First Filipino President: Jolly Bugarin
c. Current President: Ahmed Naser Al-Raisi
5. Special Representative in UN and EU
The emblem, in use since 1950, comprises the following elements:
The globe, to indicate that our activities are worldwide;
Olive branches symbolizing peace;
Scales symbolizing justice;
A vertical sword, symbolizing police action;
The name "INTERPOL";
The abbreviation "ICPO" and its French equivalent "OIPC".
