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1678100677-2 - T20H0455 - SMPC - Approved - Reviewed

This document summarizes the product characteristics of Pantoprazole sodium injection. It contains information on the drug name and strength, pharmaceutical form, dosage and administration for gastroesophageal reflux disease and pathological hypersecretion/Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It also lists contraindications such as known hypersensitivity and warnings regarding potential exacerbation of zinc deficiency or risk of fractures with long-term use.

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Omar Al-Qadasi
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
29 views24 pages

1678100677-2 - T20H0455 - SMPC - Approved - Reviewed

This document summarizes the product characteristics of Pantoprazole sodium injection. It contains information on the drug name and strength, pharmaceutical form, dosage and administration for gastroesophageal reflux disease and pathological hypersecretion/Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It also lists contraindications such as known hypersensitivity and warnings regarding potential exacerbation of zinc deficiency or risk of fractures with long-term use.

Uploaded by

Omar Al-Qadasi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Summary of product characteristics

1. Name of the medicinal product


INN Name: Pantoprazole sodium
Trade Name: PANTIN
Strength: 40mg/Vial
Pharmaceutical form: Injection

2. Qualitative and quantitative composition

Each vial contains Pantoprazole Sodium USP equivalent to Pantoprazole 40mg.

3. Pharmaceutical form
Dosage form: Injection
Description: White to off white Lyophilized cake or powder in Type-I 10 ml Tubular vials sealed
with 20 mm grey bromobutyl rubber stopper and White color flip off aluminum seal.
When constituted as directed the solution should be colorless to light yellow color, clear
solution.
4. Clinical particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
Gastro esophageal Reflux Disease Associated with a History of Erosive Esophagitis
Pantoprazole sodium is indicated for short-term treatment (7 to 10 days) of adult patients with
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and a history of erosive esophagitis (EE).

Safety and efficacy of Pantoprazole sodium as a treatment of patients with GERD and a history
of EE for more than 10 days have not been demonstrated.

Pathological Hypersecretion Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome


Pantoprazole sodium is indicated for the treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions
including Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) Syndrome in adults.

2. Dosage and Administration

Dosage for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Associated With a History of Erosive


Esophagitis
The recommended adult dosage of Pantoprazole sodium is 40 mg given once daily by
intravenous infusion for 7 to 10 days.

Discontinue treatment with PROTONIX® I.V. as soon as the patient is able to receive treatment
with PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets or Oral Suspension.
Data on the safe and effective dosing for conditions other than those described such as life-
threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeds, are not available. Pantoprazole sodium once daily
does not raise gastric pH to levels sufficient to contribute to the treatment of such life-
threatening conditions.

Preparation and Administration Instructions for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease


Associated With a History of Erosive Esophagitis
Only for intravenous infusion; other parenteral routes of administration are not recommended.

Fifteen Minute Infusion


1. Reconstitute Pantoprazole sodium with 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP.

2. Further dilute with 100 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, USP, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection,
USP, or Lactated Ringer's Injection, USP, to a final concentration of approximately 0.4 mg/mL.

3. Inspect the diluted Pantoprazole sodium solution visually for particular matter and
discoloration prior to and during administration.

4. Administer intravenously over a period of approximately 15 minutes at a rate of approximately


7 mL/min.

Storage
The reconstituted solution may be stored for up to 6 hours at room temperature prior to further
dilution. The admixed solution may be stored at room temperature and must be used within 24
hours from the time of initial reconstitution. Both the reconstituted solution and the admixed
solution do not need to be protected from light.

Do not freeze the reconstituted solution.

Two Minute Infusion


1. Reconstitute Pantoprazole sodium with 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, to a
final concentration of approximately 4 mg/mL.

2. Inspect the diluted Pantoprazole sodium solution visually for particular matter and
discoloration prior to and during administration.

3. Administer intravenously over a period of at least 2 minutes.

Storage
The reconstituted solution may be stored for up to 24 hours at room temperature prior to
intravenous infusion and does not need to be protected from light.

Do not freeze the reconstituted solution.

Dosage for Pathological Hypersecretion Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome


The recommended adult dosage of Pantoprazole sodium is 80 mg intravenously every 12
hours. The frequency of dosing can be adjusted to individual patient needs based on acid output
measurements. In those patients who need a higher dosage, 80 mg intravenously every 8 hours
is expected to maintain acid output below 10 mEq/h. Daily doses higher than 240 mg or
administered for more than 6 days have not been studied. Transition from oral to intravenous
and from intravenous to oral formulations of gastric acid inhibitors should be performed in such
a manner to ensure continuity of effect of suppression of acid secretion. Patients with ZE
Syndrome may be vulnerable to serious clinical complications of increased acid production even
after a short period of loss of effective inhibition.
Preparation and Administration Instructions for Pathological Hypersecretion Including
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Only for intravenous infusion; other parenteral routes of administration are not recommended.

Fifteen Minute Infusion


1. Reconstitute each vial of Pantoprazole Sodium with 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Injection, USP.

2. Combine the contents of the two vials and further dilute with 80 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection,
USP, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, or Lactated Ringer's Injection, USP, to a total
volume of 100 mL with a final concentration of approximately 0.8 mg/mL.

3. Inspect the diluted Pantoprazole sodium solution visually for particular matter and
discoloration prior to and during administration.

4. Administer intravenously over a period of approximately 15 minutes at a rate of approximately


7 mL/min.

Storage
The reconstituted solution may be stored for up to 6 hours at room temperature prior to further
dilution. The admixed solution may be stored at room temperature and must be used within 24
hours from the time of initial reconstitution. Both the reconstituted solution and the admixed
solution do not need to be protected from light.

Do not freeze the reconstituted solution.

Two Minute Infusion


1. Reconstitute Pantoprazole Sodium with 10 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, per
vial to a final concentration of approximately 4 mg/mL.

2. Inspect the diluted Pantoprazole Sodium solution visually for particular matter and
discoloration prior to and during administration.

3. Administer the total volume from both vials intravenously over a period of at least 2 minutes.

Storage
The reconstituted solution may be stored for up to 24 hours at room temperature prior to
intravenous infusion and does not need to be protected from light.

Do not freeze the reconstituted solution.

Compatibility Information
• Administer Pantoprazole Sodium intravenously through a dedicated line or through a Y-
site.
• Flush the intravenous line before and after administration of Pantoprazole Sodium with
either 5% Dextrose Injection, USP, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP, or Lactated
Ringer's Injection, USP.
• When administered through a Y-site, Pantoprazole Sodium is compatible with the
following solutions: 5% Dextrose Injection, USP, 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP,
or Lactated Ringer's Injection, USP.
• Midazolam HCl has been shown to be incompatible with Y-site administration of
PROTONIX I.V.
• Pantoprazole Sodium may not be compatible with products containing zinc.
• When Pantoprazole Sodium is administered through a Y-site, immediately stop use if
precipitation or discoloration occurs.

3. Contraindications
PANTOPRAZOLE SODIUM is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity
reactions including anaphylaxis to the formulation or any substituted benzimidazole.
Hypersensitivity reactions may include anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, angioedema,
bronchospasm, acute interstitial nephritis, and urticaria.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including PROTONIX I.V., are contraindicated in patients
receiving rilpivirine-containing products.

4. Warning and Precautions


Presence of Gastric Malignancy
In adults, symptomatic response to therapy with Pantoprazole Sodium does not preclude the
presence of gastric malignancy. Consider additional follow-up and diagnostic testing in adult
patients who have a suboptimal response or an early symptomatic relapse after completing
treatment with a PPI. In older patients, also consider an endoscopy.

Hypersensitivity and Severe Skin Reactions


Anaphylaxis and other serious reactions such as erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson
syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have been reported with use of Pantoprazole
Sodium These may require emergency medical treatment.
Injection Site Reactions
Thrombophlebitis was associated with the administration of PROTONIX I.V.

Potential for Exacerbation of Zinc Deficiency


Pantoprazole Sodium contains edetate disodium (the salt form of EDTA), a chelator of metal
ions including zinc. Therefore, zinc supplementation should be considered in patients treated
with Pantoprazole Sodium who are prone to zinc deficiency. Caution should be used when other
EDTA containing products are also co-administered intravenously.
Acute Interstitial Nephritis
Acute interstitial nephritis has been observed in patients taking PPIs including Pantoprazole
Sodium Acute interstitial nephritis may occur at any point during PPI therapy and is generally
attributed to an idiopathic hypersensitivity reaction. Discontinue Pantoprazole Sodium if acute
interstitial nephritis develops.
Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
Published observational studies suggest that PPI therapy like Pantoprazole Sodium may be
associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, especially in
hospitalized patients. This diagnosis should be considered for diarrhea that does not improve.
Patients should use the lowest dose and shortest duration of PPI therapy appropriate to the
condition being treated.

Bone Fracture
Several published observational studies suggest that PPI therapy may be associated with an
increased risk for osteoporosis-related fractures of the hip, wrist, or spine. The risk of fracture
was increased in patients who received high-dose, defined as multiple daily doses, and long-
term PPI therapy (a year or longer). Patients should use the lowest dose and shortest duration
of PPI therapy appropriate to the condition being treated. Patients at risk for osteoporosis-
related fractures should be managed according to established treatment guidelines.
Cutaneous and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been
reported in patients taking PPIs, including pantoprazole sodium. These events have occurred as
both new onset and an exacerbation of existing autoimmune disease. The majority of PPI-
induced lupus erythematous cases were CLE.

The most common form of CLE reported in patients treated with PPIs was subacute CLE
(SCLE) and occurred within weeks to years after continuous drug therapy in patients ranging
from infants to the elderly. Generally, histological findings were observed without organ
involvement.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is less commonly reported than CLE in patients receiving
PPIs. PPI associated SLE is usually milder than non-drug induced SLE. Onset of SLE typically
occurred within days to years after initiating treatment primarily in patients ranging from young
adults to the elderly. The majority of patients presented with rash; however, arthralgia and
cytopenia were also reported.

Avoid administration of PPIs for longer than medically indicated. If signs or symptoms consistent
with CLE or SLE are noted in patients receiving PROTONIX I.V., discontinue the drug and refer
the patient to the appropriate specialist for evaluation. Most patients improve with
discontinuation of the PPI alone in 4 to 12 weeks. Serological testing (e.g. ANA) may be positive
and elevated serological test results may take longer to resolve than clinical manifestations.

Hepatic Effects
Mild, transient transaminase elevations have been observed in clinical studies. The clinical
significance of this finding in a large population of subjects administered Pantoprazole Sodium
is unknown.

Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia, symptomatic and asymptomatic, has been reported rarely in patients treated
with PPIs for at least three months, and in most cases after a year of therapy. Serious adverse
events include tetany, arrhythmias, and seizures. In most patients, treatment of
hypomagnesemia required magnesium replacement and discontinuation of the PPI.

For patients expected to be on prolonged treatment or who take PPIs with medications
such as digoxin or drugs that may cause hypomagnesemia (e.g., diuretics), health care
professionals may consider monitoring magnesium levels prior to initiation of PPI
treatment and periodically.

Fundic Gland Polyps


PPI use is associated with an increased risk of fundic gland polyps that increases with long-term
use, especially beyond one year. Most PPI users who developed fundic gland polyps were
asymptomatic and fundic gland polyps were identified incidentally on endoscopy. Use the
shortest duration of PPI therapy appropriate to the condition being treated.

Interference with Investigations for Neuroendocrine Tumors


Serum chromogranin A (CgA) levels increase secondary to drug-induced decreases in gastric
acidity. The increased CgA level may cause false positive results in diagnostic investigations for
neuroendocrine tumors. Healthcare providers should temporarily stop Pantoprazole Sodium
treatment at least 14 days before assessing CgA levels and consider repeating the test if initial
CgA levels are high. If serial tests are performed (e.g. for monitoring), the same commercial
laboratory should be used for testing, as reference ranges between tests may vary.
Interference with Urine Screen for THC
Pantoprazole sodium may produce false-positive urine screen for THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).
Concomitant Use of Pantoprazole Sodium with Methotrexate
Literature suggests that concomitant use of PPIs with methotrexate (primarily at high dose; see
methotrexate prescribing information) may elevate and prolong serum levels of methotrexate
and/or its metabolite, possibly leading to methotrexate toxicities. In high-dose methotrexate
administration, a temporary withdrawal of the PPI may be considered in some patients.

5. Drug Interactions
Table 2 includes drugs with clinically important drug interactions and interaction with diagnostics
when administered concomitantly with Pantoprazole Sodium and instructions for preventing or
managing them.

Consult the labeling of concomitantly used drugs to obtain further information about interactions
with PPIs.

Table 2: Clinically Relevant Interactions Affecting Drugs Co-Administered with


Pantoprazole Sodium and Interaction with Diagnostics

Antiretrovirals
Clinical Impact: The effect of PPIs on antiretroviral drugs is variable. The clinical
importance and the mechanisms behind these interactions are not
always known.
• Decreased exposure of some antiretroviral drugs (e.g.,
rilpivirine, atazanavir, and nelfinavir) when used
concomitantly with pantoprazole may reduce antiviral effect
and promote the development of drug resistance.
• Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g.,
saquinavir) when used concomitantly with pantoprazole
may increase toxicity of the antiretroviral drugs.
• There are other antiretroviral drugs which do not result in
clinically relevant interactions with pantoprazole.
Intervention: Rilpivirine-containing products: Concomitant use with
Pantoprazole Sodium is contraindicated. See prescribing
information.
Atazanavir: See prescribing information for atazanavir for dosing
information.
Nelfinavir: Avoid concomitant use with Pantoprazole Sodium See
prescribing information for nelfinavir.
Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir and
monitor for potential saquinavir toxicities.
Warfarin Other antiretrovirals: See prescribing information.

Clinical Impact: Increased INR and prothrombin time in patients receiving PPIs,
including pantoprazole, and warfarin concomitantly. Increases in
INR and prothrombin time may lead to abnormal bleeding and
even death.
Intervention: Monitor INR and prothrombin time. Dose adjustment of warfarin
may be needed to maintain target INR range. See prescribing
information for warfarin.
Clopidogrel
Clinical Impact: Concomitant administration of pantoprazole and clopidogrel in
healthy subjects had no clinically important effect on exposure to
the active metabolite of clopidogrel or clopidogrel-induced platelet
inhibition.
Intervention: No dose adjustment of clopidogrel is necessary when
administered with an approved dose of Pantoprazole Sodium.
Methotrexate
Clinical Impact: Concomitant use of PPIs with methotrexate (primarily at high
dose) may elevate and prolong serum concentrations of
methotrexate and/or its metabolite hydroxymethotrexate, possibly
leading to methotrexate toxicities. No formal drug interaction
studies of high-dose methotrexate with PPIs have been
Intervention: conducted.
A temporary withdrawal of Pantoprazole Sodium may be
considered in some patients receiving high-dose methotrexate.
Drugs Dependent on Gastric pH for Absorption (e.g., iron salts, erlotinib, dasatinib,
nilotinib, mycophenolate mofetil, ketoconazole/itraconazole)
Clinical Impact: Pantoprazole can reduce the absorption of other drugs due to its
effect on reducing intragastric acidity.
Intervention: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF): Co-administration of pantoprazole
sodium in healthy subjects and in transplant patients receiving
MMF has been reported to reduce the exposure to the active
metabolite, mycophenolic acid (MPA), possibly due to a decrease
in MMF solubility at an increased gastric pH. The clinical
relevance of reduced MPA exposure on organ rejection has not
been established in transplant patients receiving Pantoprazole
Sodium and MMF. Use Pantoprazole Sodium with caution in
transplant patients receiving MMF.
See the prescribing information for other drugs dependent on
gastric pH for absorption.
Interactions with Investigations of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Clinical Impact: CgA levels increase secondary to PPI-induced decreases in
gastric acidity. The increased CgA level may cause false positive
results in diagnostic investigations for neuroendocrine tumors.
Intervention: Temporarily stop Pantoprazole Sodium treatment at least 14 days
before assessing CgA levels and consider repeating the test if
initial CgA levels are high. If serial tests are performed (e.g. for
monitoring), the same commercial laboratory should be used for
testing, as reference ranges between tests may vary.
False Positive Urine Tests for THC
Clinical Impact: There have been reports of false positive urine screening tests for
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in patients receiving PPIs.
Intervention: An alternative confirmatory method should be considered to verify
positive results.

6. Used in Specific Populations


Teratogenic Effects
Pregnancy Category C
Reproduction studies have been performed in rats at intravenous pantoprazole doses up to 20
mg/kg/day (4 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area) and rabbits at
intravenous doses up to 15 mg/kg/day (6 times the recommended human dose based on body
surface area) with administration of pantoprazole sodium during organogenesis in pregnant
animals and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to
pantoprazole.
A pre- and postnatal development toxicity study in rats with additional endpoints to evaluate the
effect on bone development was performed with pantoprazole sodium. Oral pantoprazole doses
of 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 1, 3, and 6 times the human dose of 40 mg/day on a
body surface area basis) were administered to pregnant females from gestation day (GD) 6
through lactation day (LD) 21. On postnatal day (PND 4) through PND 21, the pups were
administered oral doses at 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 1, 2.3, and 3.2 times the
exposure (AUC) in humans at a dose of 40 mg). There were no drug-related findings in
maternal animals. During the preweaning dosing phase (PND 4 to 21) of the pups, there were
increased mortality and/or moribundity and decreased body weight and body weight gain at 5
mg/kg/day (approximately equal exposures (AUC) in humans receiving the 40 mg dose) and
higher doses. On PND 21, decreased mean femur length and weight and changes in femur
bone mass and geometry were observed in the offspring at 5 mg/kg/day (approximately equal
exposures (AUC) in humans at the 40 mg dose) and higher doses. The femur findings included
lower total area, bone mineral content and density, periosteal and endosteal circumference, and
cross-sectional moment of inertia. There were no microscopic changes in the distal femur,
proximal tibia, or stifle joints. Changes in bone parameters were partially reversible following a
recovery period, with findings on PND 70 limited to lower femur metaphysis cortical/subcortical
bone mineral density in female pups at 5 mg/kg/day (approximately equal exposures (AUC) in
humans at the 40 mg dose) and higher doses.

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Advise pregnant women
of the potential risk of fetal harm. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive
of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit
justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Nursing Mothers
Pantoprazole and its metabolites are excreted in the milk of rats. Pantoprazole excretion in
human milk has been detected in a study of a single nursing mother after a single 40 mg oral
dose of pantoprazole sodium. The clinical relevance of this finding is not known. Many drugs
which are excreted in human milk have a potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing
infants. Based on the potential for tumorigenicity shown for pantoprazole sodium in rodent
carcinogenicity studies, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to
discontinue the drug, taking into account the benefit of the drug to the mother.

Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness of Pantoprazole Sodium have not been established in pediatric
patients.

Animal Toxicity Data


In a pre- and post-natal development toxicity study in rats, the pups were administered oral
doses of pantoprazole at 5, 15, and 30 mg/kg/day on postnatal day (PND 4) through PND 21, in
addition to lactational exposure through milk. On PND 21, decreased mean femur length and
weight and changes in femur bone mass and geometry were observed in the offspring at 5 mg/
kg/day and higher doses. Changes in bone parameters were partially reversible following a
recovery period.
In neonatal/juvenile animals (rats and dogs) toxicities were similar to those observed in adult
animals, including gastric alterations, decreases in red cell mass, increases in lipids, enzyme
induction and hepatocellular hypertrophy. An increased incidence of eosinophilic chief cells in
adult and neonatal/juvenile rats, and atrophy of chief cells in adult rats and in neonatal/juvenile
dogs, was observed in the fundic mucosa of stomachs in repeated-dose studies. Full to partial
recovery of these effects were noted in animals of both age groups following a recovery period.

Geriatric Use
Of 286 patients in clinical studies of intravenous pantoprazole sodium in patients with GERD
and a history of EE, 86 (43%) were 65 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or
effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported
clinical experience with oral pantoprazole sodium has not identified differences in responses
between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals
cannot be ruled out.

7. Effects on ability to drive and use machines

Not Applicable

8. Adverse Reactions
The following serious adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in labeling:

• Hypersensitivity and Severe Skin Reactions


• Injection Site Reactions
• Potential for Exacerbation of Zinc Deficiency
• Acute Interstitial Nephritis
• Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
• Bone Fracture
• Cutaneous and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Hepatic Effects
• Hypomagnesemia
• Fundic Gland Polyps
Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates
observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials
of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

Worldwide, approximately 80,500 patients have been treated with pantoprazole in clinical trials
involving various dosages and duration of treatment.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)


Safety in nine randomized comparative US clinical trials in patients with GERD included 1,473
patients on oral PROTONIX (20 mg or 40 mg), 299 patients on an H2-receptor antagonist, 46
patients on another PPI, and 82 patients on placebo. The most frequently occurring adverse
reactions are listed in Table 1.
The number of patients treated in comparative studies with Pantoprazole Sodium is limited;
however, the adverse reactions seen were similar to those seen in the oral studies.
Thrombophlebitis was the only new adverse reaction identified with PROTONIX I.V.

Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported in Clinical Trials of Adult Patients with GERD at a
Frequency of >2%

Oral PROTONIX Comparators Placebo (n=82) %

(n= 1473) % (n=345) %


Headache 12.2 12.8 8.5
Diarrhea 8.8 9.6 4.9
Nausea 7.0 5.2 9.8
Abdominal pain 6.2 4.1 6.1
Vomiting 4.3 3.5 2.4
Flatulence 3.9 2.9 3.7
Dizziness 3.0 2.9 1.2
Arthralgia 2.8 1.4 1.2

Additional adverse reactions that were reported for oral PROTONIX in US clinical trials with a
frequency of ≤2% are listed below by body system:

Body as a Whole: allergic reaction, fever, photosensitivity reaction, facial edema,


thrombophlebitis (I.V. only)
Gastrointestinal: constipation, dry mouth, hepatitis
Hematologic: leukopenia (reported in ex-US clinical trials only), thrombocytopenia
Metabolic/Nutritional: elevated CPK (creatine phosphokinase), generalized edema, elevated
triglycerides, liver function tests abnormal
Musculoskeletal: myalgia
Nervous: depression, vertigo
Skin and Appendages: urticaria, rash, pruritus
Special Senses: blurred vision
Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) Syndrome
In clinical studies of ZE Syndrome, adverse reactions reported in 35 patients administered
PANTOPRAZOLE SODIUM doses of 80 mg to 240 mg per day for up to 2 years were similar to
those reported in adult patients with GERD.

Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of PROTONIX
and Pantoprazole Sodium. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population
of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a
causal relationship to drug exposure.

These adverse reactions are listed below by body system:

General Disorders and Administration Conditions: asthenia, fatigue, malaise


Immune System Disorders: anaphylaxis (including anaphylactic shock), systemic lupus
erythematosus
Investigations: weight changes
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders: severe dermatologic reactions (some fatal), including
erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN),
angioedema (Quincke's edema) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Musculoskeletal Disorders: rhabdomyolysis, bone fracture
Renal and Urinary Disorders: interstitial nephritis
Hepatobiliary Disorders: hepatocellular damage leading to jaundice and hepatic failure
Psychiatric Disorder: hallucinations, confusion, insomnia, somnolence
Metabolism and Nutritional Disorders: hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia
Infections and Infestations: Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
Hematologic: pancytopenia, agranulocytosis
Nervous: ageusia, dysgeusia
Gastrointestinal Disorders: fundic gland polyps

9. Overdose
Experience in patients taking very high doses of pantoprazole (greater than 240 mg) is limited.
Adverse reactions seen in spontaneous reports of overdose generally reflect the known safety
profile of pantoprazole.
Pantoprazole is not removed by hemodialysis. In case of overdose, treatment should be
symptomatic and supportive.

Single intravenous doses of pantoprazole at 378, 230, and 266 mg/kg (38, 46, and 177 times
the recommended human dose based on body surface area) were lethal to mice, rats and dogs,
respectively. The symptoms of acute toxicity were hypoactivity, ataxia, hunched sitting, limb-
splay, lateral position, segregation, absence of ear reflex, and tremor.

5. Pharmacological properties
5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties
Mechanism of Action
Pantoprazole is a PPI that suppresses the final step in gastric acid production by covalently
binding to the (H+, K+)-ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal
cell. This effect leads to inhibition of both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion irrespective
of the stimulus. The binding to the (H+, K+)-ATPase results in a duration of anti-secretory effect
that persists longer than 24 hours for all doses tested (20 mg to 120 mg).
Pharmacodynamics
Anti-secretory Activity
The magnitude and time course for inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated acid output (PSAO) by
single doses (20 to 120 mg) of Pantoprazole Sodium were assessed in a single-dose, open-
label, placebo-controlled, dose-response study. The results of this study are shown in Table 3.
Healthy subjects received a continuous infusion for 25 hours of pentagastrin (PG) at 1 mcg/kg/
h, a dose known to produce submaximal gastric acid secretion. The placebo group showed a
sustained, continuous acid output for 25 hours, validating the reliability of the testing model.
Pantoprazole Sodium had an onset of antisecretory activity within 15 to 30 minutes of
administration. Doses of 20 to 80 mg of Pantoprazole Sodium substantially reduced the 24-hour
cumulative PSAO in a dose-dependent manner, despite a short plasma elimination half-life.
Complete suppression of PSAO was achieved with 80 mg within approximately 2 hours and no
further significant suppression was seen with 120 mg. The duration of action of Pantoprazole
Sodium was 24 hours.

Table 3: Gastric Acid Output (mEq/hr, Mean ± SD) and Percent Inhibition* (Mean ± SD) of
Pentagastrin-Stimulated Acid Output Over 24 Hours Following a Single Dose of
PROTONIX I.V.† in Healthy Subjects

----2 hours--- ----4 hours--- ----12 hours--- ----24 hours---


Treatmen A c i d % Acid % Acid % Acid %
t Dose Outpu Inhibitio Outpu Inhibitio Outpu Inhibitio Outpu Inhibition
t n t n t n t
0 mg 39 ± NA 26 ± NA 32 ± NA 38 ± NA
(Placebo, 21 14 20 24
n=4)
20 mg 13 ± 47 ± 27 6±8 83 ± 21 20 ± 54 ± 44 30 ± 45 ± 43
(n=4–6) 18 20 23
40 mg 5±5 82 ± 11 4±4 90 ± 11 11 ± 81 ± 13 16 ± 52 ± 36
(n=8) 10 12
80 mg 0 . 1 ± 96 ± 6 0 . 3 ± 99 ± 1 2±2 90 ± 7 7±4 63 ± 18
(n=8) 0.2 0.4
* Compared to individual subject baseline prior to treatment with Pantoprazole Sodium NA = not
applicable.
† Inhibition of gastric acid output and the percent inhibition of stimulated acid output in response
to Pantoprazole Sodium may be higher after repeated doses.

In one study of gastric pH in healthy subjects, PROTONIX was administered orally (40 mg
enteric coated tablets) or Pantoprazole Sodium (40 mg) once daily for 5 days and pH was
measured for 24 hours following the fifth dose. The outcome measure was median percent of
time that pH was ≥4 and the results were similar for intravenous and oral medications; however,
the clinical significance of this parameter is unknown.

Serum Gastrin Effects


Serum gastrin concentrations were assessed in two placebo-controlled studies.

In a 5-day study of oral pantoprazole with 40 and 60 mg doses in healthy subjects, following the
last dose on day 5, median 24-hour serum gastrin concentrations were elevated by 3-to 4-fold
compared to placebo in both 40 and 60 mg dose groups. However, by 24 hours following the
last dose, median serum gastrin concentrations for both groups returned to normal levels.

In another placebo-controlled, 7-day study of 40 mg intravenous or oral pantoprazole in patients


with GERD and a history of EE, the mean serum gastrin concentration increased approximately
50% from baseline and as compared with placebo, but remained within the normal range.

During 6 days of repeated administration of Pantoprazole Sodium in patients with ZE


Syndrome, consistent changes of serum gastrin concentrations from baseline were not
observed.

Enterochromaffin-Like (ECL) Cell Effects


There are no data available on the effects of intravenous pantoprazole sodium on ECL cells.

In a nonclinical study in Sprague-Dawley rats, lifetime exposure (24 months) to oral


pantoprazole at doses of 0.5 to 200 mg/kg/day resulted in dose-related increases in gastric
ECL-cell proliferation and gastric neuroendocrine (NE)-cell tumors. Gastric NE-cell tumors in
rats may result from chronic elevation of serum gastrin concentrations. The high density of ECL
cells in the rat stomach makes this species highly susceptible to the proliferative effects of
elevated gastrin concentrations produced by PPIs. However, there were no observed elevations
in serum gastrin following the administration of oral pantoprazole at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. In
a separate study, a gastric NE-cell tumor without concomitant ECL-cell proliferative changes
was observed in 1 female rat following 12 months of dosing with oral pantoprazole at 5 mg/kg/
day and a 9 month off-dose recovery.

Endocrine Effects
In a clinical pharmacology study, pantoprazole 40 mg given orally once daily for 2 weeks had no
effect on the levels of the following hormones: cortisol, testosterone, triiodothyronine (T3),
thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyronine-binding protein, parathyroid hormone,
insulin, glucagon, renin, aldosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin
and growth hormone.
In a 1-year study of GERD patients treated with pantoprazole 40 mg or 20 mg, there were no
changes from baseline in overall levels of T3, T4, and TSH.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic properties


Pantoprazole peak serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the serum concentration-time
curve (AUC) increase in a manner proportional to intravenous doses from 10 mg to 80 mg.
Pantoprazole does not accumulate and its pharmacokinetics are unaltered with multiple daily
dosing. Following the administration of PROTONIX I.V., the serum concentration of
pantoprazole declines biexponentially with a terminal elimination half-life of approximately one
hour. In CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers with normal liver function receiving a 40 mg dose of
PANTOPRAZOLE SODIUM by constant rate over 15 minutes, the peak concentration (Cmax) is
5.52 ±1.42 mcg/mL and the total area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC)
is 5.4 ±1.5 mcg· hr/mL. The total clearance is 7.6 to 14 L/h.

Distribution
The apparent volume of distribution of pantoprazole is approximately 11 to 23.6 L, distributing
mainly in extracellular fluid. The serum protein binding of pantoprazole is about 98%, primarily
to albumin.

Elimination
Metabolism
Pantoprazole is extensively metabolized in the liver through the cytochrome P450 (CYP)
system. Pantoprazole metabolism is independent of the route of administration (intravenous or
oral). The main metabolic pathway is demethylation, by CYP2C19, with subsequent sulfation;
other metabolic pathways include oxidation by CYP3A4. There is no evidence that any of the
pantoprazole metabolites have significant pharmacologic activity. CYP2C19 displays a known
genetic polymorphism due to its deficiency in some sub-populations (e.g., 3% of Caucasians
and African-Americans and 17 to 23% of Asians). Although these sub-populations of slow
pantoprazole metabolizers have elimination half-life values from 3.5 to 10 hours, they still have
minimal accumulation (23% or less) with once daily dosing.

Excretion
After administration of a single intravenous dose of 14C-labeled pantoprazole sodium to healthy,
extensive CYP2C19 metabolizers, approximately 71% of the dose was excreted in the urine
with 18% excreted in the feces through biliary excretion. There was no renal excretion of
unchanged pantoprazole.
Specific Populations

Geriatric Patients
After repeated intravenous administration in elderly subjects (65 to 76 years of age), the AUC
and elimination half-life values of pantoprazole were similar to those observed in younger
subjects.

Male and Female Patients


After oral administration there was a modest increase in the AUC and Cmax of pantoprazole in
women compared to men. However, weight-normalized clearance values are similar in women
and men.
Patients with Renal Impairment
In patients with severe renal impairment, pharmacokinetic parameters for pantoprazole were
similar to those of healthy subjects.

Patients with Hepatic Impairment


In patients with mild to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A to C), maximum
pantoprazole concentrations increased only slightly (1.5-fold) relative to healthy subjects when
pantoprazole sodium was administered orally. Although serum half-life values increased to 7 to
9 hours and AUC values increased by 5- to 7-fold in hepatic-impaired patients, these increases
were no greater than those observed in CYP2C19 poor metabolizers, where no dosage
adjustment is warranted. These pharmacokinetic changes in hepatic-impaired patients result in
minimal drug accumulation following once-daily, multiple-dose administration. Oral pantoprazole
doses higher than 40 mg per day have not been studied in hepatically impaired patients.

Drug Interaction Studies


Effect of Other Drugs on Pantoprazole
Pantoprazole is metabolized mainly by CYP2C19 and to minor extents by CYPs 3A4, 2D6 and
2C9.
In in vivo drug-drug interaction studies with CYP2C19 substrates (diazepam [also a CYP3A4
substrate] and phenytoin [also a CYP3A4 inducer]), nifedipine, midazolam, and clarithromycin
(CYP3A4 substrates), metoprolol (a CYP2D6 substrate), diclofenac, naproxen and piroxicam
(CYP2C9 substrates) and theophylline (a CYP1A2 substrate) in healthy subjects, the
pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole were not significantly altered.

Effect of Pantoprazole on Other Drugs


Clopidogrel
Clopidogrel is metabolized to its active metabolite in part by CYP2C19. In a crossover clinical
study, 66 healthy subjects were administered clopidogrel (300 mg loading dose followed by 75
mg per day) alone and with oral pantoprazole (80 mg at the same time as clopidogrel) for 5
days. On Day 5, the mean AUC of the active metabolite of clopidogrel was reduced by
approximately 14% (geometric mean ratio was 86%, with 90% CI of 79 to 93%) when
pantoprazole sodium was coadministered with clopidogrel as compared to clopidogrel
administered alone. Pharmacodynamic parameters were also measured and demonstrated that
the change in inhibition of platelet aggregation (induced by 5 micromolar ADP) was correlated
with the change in the exposure to clopidogrel active metabolite. The clinical significance of this
finding is not clear.

Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)


Administration of oral pantoprazole 40 mg twice daily for 4 days and a single 1000 mg dose of
MMF approximately one hour after the last dose of pantoprazole to 12 healthy subjects in a
cross-over study resulted in a 57% reduction in the Cmax and 27% reduction in the AUC of
MPA. Transplant patients receiving approximately 2000 mg per day of MMF (n=12) were
compared to transplant patients receiving approximately the same dose of MMF and oral
pantoprazole 40 mg per day (n=21). There was a 78% reduction in the Cmax and a 45%
reduction in the AUC of MPA in patients receiving both pantoprazole and MMF.

Other Drugs
In vivo studies also suggest that pantoprazole does not significantly affect the kinetics of other
drugs (cisapride, theophylline, diazepam [and its active metabolite, desmethyldiazepam],
phenytoin, metoprolol, nifedipine, carbamazepine, midazolam, clarithromycin, diclofenac,
naproxen, piroxicam and oral contraceptives [levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol]). In other in vivo
studies, digoxin, ethanol, glyburide, antipyrine, caffeine, metronidazole, and amoxicillin had no
clinically relevant interactions with pantoprazole.
Although no significant drug-drug interactions have been observed in clinical studies, the
potential for significant drug-drug interactions with more than once daily dosing with high doses
of pantoprazole has not been studied in poor metabolizers or individuals who are hepatically
impaired.
Antacids
There was also no interaction with concomitantly administered antacids.

Pharmacogenomics
CYP2C19 displays a known genetic polymorphism due to its deficiency in some subpopulations
(e.g., approximately 3% of Caucasians and African-Americans and 17% to 23% of Asians are
poor metabolizers). Although these subpopulations of pantoprazole poor metabolizers have
elimination half-life values of 3.5 to 10.0 hours in adults, they still have minimal accumulation
(23% or less) with once-daily dosing. For adult patients who are CYP2C19 poor metabolizers,
no dosage adjustment is needed.

Similar to adults, pediatric patients who have the poor metabolizer genotype of CYP2C19
(CYP2C19 *2/*2) exhibited greater than a 6-fold increase in AUC compared to pediatric
extensive (CYP2C19 *1/*1) and intermediate (CYP2C19 *1/*x) metabolizers. Poor metabolizers
exhibited approximately 10-fold lower apparent oral clearance compared to extensive
metabolizers.

5.3 Nonclinical Toxicology:


Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
In a 24-month carcinogenicity study, Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally with pantoprazole
doses of 0.5 to 200 mg/kg/day, about 0.1 to 40 times the exposure on a body surface area basis
of a 50-kg person dosed at 40 mg/day. In the gastric fundus, treatment with 0.5 to 200 mg/kg/
day produced enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia and benign and malignant
neuroendocrine cell tumors in a dose-related manner. In the forestomach, treatment with 50 and
200 mg/kg/day (about 10 and 40 times the recommended human dose on a body surface area
basis) produced benign squamous cell papillomas and malignant squamous cell carcinomas.
Rare gastrointestinal tumors associated with pantoprazole treatment included an
adenocarcinoma of the duodenum with 50 mg/kg/day and benign polyps and adenocarcinomas
of the gastric fundus with 200 mg/kg/day. In the liver, treatment with 0.5 to 200 mg/kg/day
produced dose-related increases in the incidences of hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas.
In the thyroid gland, treatment with 200 mg/kg/day produced increased incidences of follicular
cell adenomas and carcinomas for both male and female rats.

In a 24-month carcinogenicity study, Fischer 344 rats were treated orally with pantoprazole
doses of 5 to 50 mg/kg/day, approximately 1 to 10 times the recommended human dose based
on body surface area. In the gastric fundus, treatment with 5 to 50 mg/kg/day produced
enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia and benign and malignant neuroendocrine cell
tumors. Dose selection for this study may not have been adequate to comprehensively evaluate
the carcinogenic potential of pantoprazole.
In a 24-month carcinogenicity study, B6C3F1 mice were treated orally with pantoprazole doses
of 5 to 150 mg/kg/day, 0.5 to 15 times the recommended human dose based on body surface
area. In the liver, treatment with 150 mg/kg/day produced increased incidences of hepatocellular
adenomas and carcinomas in female mice. Treatment with 5 to 150 mg/kg/day also produced
gastric fundic ECL cell hyperplasia.

A 26-week p53 +/- transgenic mouse carcinogenicity study was not positive.

Pantoprazole was positive in the in vitro human lymphocyte chromosomal aberration assays, in
one of two mouse micronucleus tests for clastogenic effects, and in the in vitro Chinese hamster
ovarian cell/HGPRT forward mutation assay for mutagenic effects. Equivocal results were
observed in the in vivo rat liver DNA covalent binding assay. Pantoprazole was negative in the in
vitro Ames mutation assay, the in vitro unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay with rat
hepatocytes, the in vitro AS52/GPT mammalian cell-forward gene mutation assay, the in vitro
thymidine kinase mutation test with mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells, and the in vivo rat bone
marrow cell chromosomal aberration assay.
There were no effects on fertility or reproductive performance when pantoprazole was given at
oral doses up to 500 mg/kg/day in male rats (98 times the recommended human dose based on
body surface area) and 450 mg/kg/day in female rats (88 times the recommended human dose
based on body surface area).

6. Clinical Studies
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Associated with a History of Erosive
Esophagitis
A multicenter, double-blind, two-period placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess the
ability of Pantoprazole Sodium to maintain gastric acid suppression in patients switched from
PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets to Pantoprazole Sodium GERD patients (n=65, 26 to 64
years; 35 female; 9 Black, 11 Hispanic, 44 White, 1 other) with a history of EE were randomized
to receive either 20 or 40 mg of oral pantoprazole once per day for 10 days (period 1), and then
were switched in period 2 to either daily Pantoprazole Sodium or placebo for 7 days, matching
their respective dose level from period 1. Patients were administered all test medication with a
light meal. Maximum acid output (MAO) and basal acid output (BAO) were determined 24 hours
following the last day of oral medication (day 10), the first day (day 1) of intravenous
administration and the last day of intravenous administration (day 7). MAO was estimated from
a 1 hour continuous collection of gastric contents following subcutaneous injection of 6.0 mcg/
kg of pentagastrin.

This study demonstrated that, after 10 days of repeated oral administration followed by 7 days
of intravenous administration, the oral and intravenous dosage forms of PROTONIX 40 mg are
similar in their ability to suppress MAO and BAO in patients with GERD and a history of EE (see
TABLE 4). Also, patients on oral PROTONIX who were switched to intravenous placebo
experienced a significant increase in acid output within 48 hours of their last oral dose (see
TABLE 4). However, at 48 hours after their last oral dose, patients treated with Pantoprazole
Sodium had a significantly lower mean basal acid output (see TABLE 4) than those treated with
placebo.

Table 4: Antisecretory Effects (mEq/h) of 40 mg PANTOPRAZOLE SODIUM and 40 mg


PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets in GERD Patients with a History of EE

Parameter PROTONIX PROTONIX I.V. Intravenous Placebo


Delayed-Release Day 7 Day 7
Tablets Day 10
Mean maximum acid 6.49 6.62 29.19*
output n=30 n=23 n=7
M e a n b a s a l a c i d 0.80 0.53 4.14*
output n=30 n=23 n=7
* p<0.0001 Significantly different from Pantoprazole Sodium

To evaluate the effectiveness of Pantoprazole Sodium as an initial treatment to suppress gastric


acid secretion, two studies were conducted.

Study 1 was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, study of the pharmacodynamic


effects of Pantoprazole Sodium and PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets. Patients with GERD
and a history of EE (n=78, 20 to 67 years; 39 females; 7 Black, 19 Hispanic, 52 White) were
randomized to receive either 40 mg PROTONIX I.V., 40 mg PROTONIX Delayed-Release
Tablets, or placebo once daily for 7 days. Following an overnight fast, test medication was
administered and patients were given a light meal within 15 minutes. MAO and BAO were
determined 24 hours following the last day of study medication. MAO was estimated from a 1
hour continuous collection of gastric contents following subcutaneous injection of 6.0 mcg/kg of
pentagastrin to stimulate acid secretion. This study demonstrated that, after treatment for 7
days, patients treated with Pantoprazole Sodium had a significantly lower MAO and BAO than
those treated with placebo (p<0.001), and results were comparable to those of patients treated
with PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets (see TABLE 5).

Table 5: Antisecretory Effects (mEq/h) of Initial Treatment with 40 mg Pantoprazole


Sodium and 40 mg PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets in GERD Patients with a History
of EE
Parameter PROTONIX I.V. PROTONIX Placebo
Day 7 Delayed-Release Day 7
Tablets Day 7
Maximum acid output 8.4 ± 5.9 6.3 ± 6.6 20.9 ± 14.5*
(mean ± SD) n=25 n=22 n=24
Basal acid output 0.4 ± 0.5 0.6 ± 0.8 2.8 ± 3.0*
(mean ± SD) n=25 n=22 n=23
* p<0.001 significantly different from Pantoprazole Sodium

Study 2 was a single-center, double-blind, parallel-group study to compare the clinical effects of
Pantoprazole Sodium and PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets. Patients (n=45, median age
56 years, 21 males and 24 females) with acute endoscopically proven reflux esophagitis
(Savary/Miller Stage II or III) with at least 1 of 3 symptoms typical for reflux esophagitis (acid
eructation, heartburn, or pain on swallowing) were randomized to receive either 40 mg
Pantoprazole Sodium or 40 mg PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets once daily for 5 days.
After the initial 5 days, all patients were treated with 40 mg oral pantoprazole daily to complete a
total of 8 weeks of treatment. Symptom relief was assessed by calculating the daily mean of the
sums of the average scores for these 3 symptoms and the daily mean of the average score for
each of the symptoms separately. There was no significant difference in symptom relief between
Pantoprazole Sodium and PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets within the first 5 days. A repeat
endoscopy after 8 weeks of treatment revealed that 20 out of 23 (87%) patients treated with
Pantoprazole Sodium plus PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets and 19 out of 22 (86%) of the
patients treated with PROTONIX Delayed-Release Tablets had endoscopically proven healing
of their esophageal lesions.

Data comparing Pantoprazole Sodium to other PPIs (oral or intravenous) or H2-receptor


antagonists (oral or intravenous) are limited, and therefore, are inadequate to support any
conclusions regarding comparative efficacy.
Pathological Hypersecretion Associated with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Two studies measured the pharmacodynamic effects of 6 day treatment with Pantoprazole
Sodium in patients with ZE Syndrome (with and without multiple endocrine neoplasia type I). In
one of these studies, an initial treatment with Pantoprazole Sodium in 21 patients (29 to 75
years; 8 female; 4 Black, 1 Hispanic, 16 White) reduced acid output to the target level (10 mEq/
h or less) and significantly reduced H+ concentration and the volume of gastric secretions; target
levels were achieved within 45 minutes of drug administration.
In the other study of 14 patients (38 to 67 years; 5 female; 2 Black, 12 White) with ZE
Syndrome, treatment was switched from an oral PPI to Pantoprazole Sodium. Pantoprazole
Sodium maintained or improved control of gastric acid secretion.
In both studies, total doses of 160 or 240 mg per day of PROTONIX I.V., administered in divided
doses, maintained basal acid secretion below target levels in all patients. Target levels were 10
mEq/h in patients without prior gastric surgery, and 5 mEq/h in all patients with prior gastric
acid-reducing surgery. Once gastric acid secretion was controlled, there was no evidence of
tolerance during this 7 day study. Basal acid secretion was maintained below target levels for at
least 24 hours in all patients and through the end of treatment in these studies (3 to 7 days) in
all but 1 patient who required a dose adjustment guided by acid output measurements until acid
control was achieved. In both studies, doses were adjusted to the individual patient need, but
gastric acid secretion was controlled in greater than 80% of patients by a starting regimen of 80
mg every 12 hours.

7. Pharmaceutical particulars
7.1 List of excipients
Edetate Disodium USP, Sodium Hydroxide USP-NF, Water for Injection IH
7.2 Incompatibilities
Not applicable.
7.3 Shelf life
24 Months
7.4 Special precautions for storage
Store below 30°C, Protect from light.

7.5 Nature and contents of container


1×1's Pack: 10 mL Clear Tubular Glass Vial

7.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling


Not Applicable.
8. Marketing authorization holder
8.1 Name and Address of Manufacturer

Name : M/s. ASPIRO PHARMA LIMITED


Address : Survey No. 321, Biotech Park, Phase
III, Karkapatla, Markook Mandal,
S i d d i p e t D i s t r i c t , Te l a n g a n a
(S)-502281, INDIA. Telephone: +91
9959644022, 9959644077
Functions and : Drug Product Manufacturing
Responsibilities (Production), Packaging, Testing
(Quality Control), Stability Testing and
Quality Assurance
7.2 Name and Address of Principal
Name : Hetero Labs Limited
Business Address : 7-2-A2, Hetero Corporate,
Industrial Estates, Sanath Nagar,
Hyderabad, 500 018
Telangana.
Country : INDIA
Telephone : 0091-040-23704923/24

8. MARKETING AUTHORIZATION NUMBER


TAN 22 HM 0169

9. DATE OF FIRST AUTHORIZATION


04th May, 2022

10. DATE OF REVISION OF TEXT

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