MODULE NO.
: 1 Teacher: Jane
Subject: IGCSE Tourism DATE: 29-9 Feb. 2024
Parent’s Signature: _____________ Marks: ____/40
Name:_________________________________________
TOPIC: Travel and Tourism goods and servives.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Show understanding on the businesses involved in Travel and Tourism.
Demonstrate knowledge on what each business does in the industry.
Explain the importance of each member of the travel and tourism industry.
Analyse the services provided by each business apart from the core activities.
Judge the need for ancillary services.
Evaluate the need for growth in travel and tourism
RESOURCES: Travel and Tourism Course book Unit 4, Scribd:
https://www.scribd.com/doc/229779938
LESSON PROPER/CONTENT
Components included in different Tourism Products
Package Product - several distinct products are combined together & sold at a special
price e.g. accommodation/transport/others.
Independent Product - directly purchased from the supplier by individual customers
without the services of a travel agent. Popular due to products at discounted prices via
the Internet. For example Low-cost airline tickets. Avoid fraud. Air Miles. No travel
agent fees.
All-inclusive Product - a package in which flights, transfers, accommodation, all meals
& unlimited drinks are included together.
e.g. Cruises - ACEST.
Ancillary Services & Examples
Any additional service offered beyond the main product/service associated with the
product.
- car hire
- hotel bookings
- coach & rail tickets
- travel insurance
- tickets to theme parks/theatres
- airport transfers
Guiding Services - Ancillary
-Tourism experience can be enhanced significantly through inclusion of a tourist guide
during a visit at a destination.
-The guide has local knowledge, experience & training of the area. They offer expert
information about the nature, history and culture.
-They can also offer different language tours to enable tourists to understand the tour.
Currency Services - Ancillary
-Tourists can exchange their currency needed for the country they're travelling to.
-Can be done through travel agents, TICs, etc.
Types of Tour Operators
*Mass Market - sell sun, sea, sand packages and cater to very large numbers of
tourists. Most recognisable as it's available worldwide.
*Inbound - produces packages aimed at specifically bringing overseas visitors into a
destination.
*Outbound - based in home country & produces packages to other destinations
overseas.
*Domestic - putting together packages for people within the home country.
*Specialist - create packages focusing on destination/activity/theme/transport.
They all are profit-seeking and need money to survive through Economies of Scale,
Vertical & Horzontal intergrations.
Economies of scale are benefits enjoyed by large businesses. For example the
discounts they get when they buy in bulk. The ability to hire trained personnel to
manage the business.
Integration
Horizontal - this growth is as a result of two or more businesses of the same
production level joining to form one. For the example two travel agents join to form one
agent.
-When companies join together with the aim to remove competition and to increase
their purchasing power.
-It is the merge between companies at the same level.
2- Vertical integration :
- It occurs between companies at different levels joining to form one business.
-It means investment into the following :
accommodation and transport.
travel agents
What are The advantages of integration?
-control of price
- control of quality
- ability to reach the customer .
- Integration leads to increased specialization
- development of niche operators and niche products .(Tailored products and services
Exam typical questions
1. What are the key components of a travel package and how do they cater to the
needs of different types of tourists? 3
2. How do tourism products and services differ between mass-market tourism and
niche tourism segments?4
3. What role do destination management organizations play in promoting and
enhancing tourism products and services within a specific region?2
4. How do technological advancements, such as online booking platforms, impact the
distribution of tourism products and services?3
5. What are the various types of accommodation and attractions that contribute to the
overall tourism experience in a destination?6
6. How do factors such as seasonality and weather conditions influence the design
and promotion of tourism products and services?3
7. What strategies can tourism businesses employ to effectively market their products
and services to different target markets?3
8. How do cultural considerations and local customs influence the development and
delivery of tourism products and services?3
9. What are the ethical considerations that need to be taken into account when
developing and promoting tourism products and services in a specific destination?3
Homework
What and How can sustainable tourism principles be integrated into the design and
delivery of tourism products and services to minimize negative impacts on the
environment and local communities? 10 marks
