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PreVious Years' CB ' ,~
1.2 Types of Relat~ons
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1. Let A= {3, S}. Then number of reflexive relations on A
.IS
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 0 (d) 8 (2023)
2. Let R be a relation in the set N given by
R = {(a, b): a= b - 2, b > 6}. Then
(a) (8, 7) E R (b) (6, 8) E R
(c) (3, 8) E R (d) (2, 4) E R (2023)
3. A relation R is defined on N. Which of the following is
the reflexive relation?
(a) R = {(x, y): x > y, x, y EN}
(b) R = {(x, y): x + y = 10, x, y EN}
(c) R = {(x, y): xy is the square number, x, y EN}
(d) R = {(x, y): x + 4y = 10, x, y EN}
(Term I, 2021-22)
4. The number of equivalence relations in the set
{1, 2, 3} containing the elements (1, 2) and (2, 1) is
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3 . (Term I, 2021-22)
5. A relation R is defined on Z as aRb if and only if
a2 - 7ab + 6b2 = 0. Then, R is
(a) reflexive and symmetric
(b) symmetric but not reflexive
(c) transitive but not reflexive
(d) reflexive but not symmetric
(Term/, 2021-22)
6. Let A = {1, 3, 5}. Then the number of equivalence
relations in A containing (1, 3) is
(a) 1 (b) 2
II 7.
(c) 3
(2, 1), (1, 1)} is
(d) 4 (2020)
The relation R in the set {1, 'f-, 3} given by R = {(1, 2),
I (a) symmetric and transitive, but not reflexive
(b) reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
(c) symmetric, but neither reflexive nor transitive
(d) ;\n An1 ,i"'""'"'~,..,..,, ... ,..1-"--:--
.
rela tion R defi ned on the set
17. Check whe ther the
A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as .
R = {(a, b) : b = a + 1} is reflexive, sym met ric or
tran sitiv e. (2019)
18. Show that the rela tion R on th e set Z of all integers,
given by . .
R = {(a, b): 2 divid es (a - b)} 1s an equivalence relation.
(2019)
19. Show that the rela tion R on JR defin ed as
R = {(a, b): a< b}, is refle xive and tran sitiv e but not
sym metr ic. (NCERT, Delhi 2019)
20. Show that the rela tion Sin the set A={xEZ:O<x<12}
given by S = {(a, b) : a, b E Z, Ia - bl is divis ible by 3} is
an equivalence rela tion. (Al 2019)
21. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ... , 9} and R be the relation in
A x A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if a + d = b + c
for (a, b), (c, d) in Ax A. Prove that R is an equivalence
relation. Also obta in the equivalence class [(2, 5)].
(Delhi 2014)
22. Let R be a rela tion defin ed on the set of natural
numbers N as follo w:
R={ {x,y )lxE N,yE Nan d2x +y= 24}
Find the domain and range of the rela tion R.
Also, find if R is an equivalence rela tion or not.
(Delhi 2014 C)
LA II (5/6 marks)
23. If N denotes the set of all natu ral numbers and R
is the rela tion on N x N defin ed by (a, b) R (c, c,/), if
ad(b + c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence
relation. (2023, Delhi 2015)
5
A, 111!11111 (4 marks)
nd
he 31. Case Study : An organization conducted bike race
(8) under two different c.ate-gories - Boys and girls.
There were 28 partidpants in all. Among all of them.
·en
finally three from category 1 and two from category
,ce
2 were selected tor the final race. Ravi forms two
sets B and G with these participants for his college
i CJ
project
let B = {b 1• b2. b3) and G = (s 1.s2). where 8 represents
the set of Boys selected and G the set of Girls
selected for the final race.
,to
....
An
Based on the above information. answer the
-22) following questions.
hen, (i) How many relations are possible from B to G?
(ii) Among all the possible relations from B to G.
how many functions can be formed from B to G?
(iii) Let R : B B be defined by R = {(x. y) : x and
l-22) y are students of the same sex]. Check if R is an
equivalence relation.
OR
A function f: B G be defined by f = {(b1, 81). (b2, 82).
(b3, 81)}. Check if f is bijective, justify your answer.
(2023)(Ai>~
32. Let f: JR-{-;} JR be a function defined as
f(x)= 4 x . Show that f is a one-one function. Also,
2) Ev
.. 3x+4
check whether f is an onto function or not. (2023)
33 Show that tne function f: (- 00, 0) (-1. 0) defined by
1ction
ld the Rx) = :lxl, x E (-QO, 0) is one-one and onto. (2020)
1
)21 C)
. .
mple Questions
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5. An equivalence relatioAn i~; ati ; ·th-e value of ....
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equivalence classes A1, 2, 3• ...'
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(202 0-21 )
A u A2u A3 and A1 n A2 n A3- ..'' 10. Let
1 .'
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' (3,
(2 marks) ----- - :
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ b ; inf.
------- Z f ·ntegers give n y i
Let R be the relation in the set O I h (a)
6. latio n R is : (c)
R = {(a, b) : 2 divides a - b}. Show tha t t e re
i
transitive? Wri te the equivalence class of O. ~A \
(202 0-21 ) l
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(3 marks) ____________________ - - - - - - -
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(a)
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(b)
7. Check whether the relation R in the set Z of inte ge~ ; I
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(c)
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defined as R = {(a, b) : a + b is "divisible by 2 } I
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(d)
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is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Wri te the
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equivalence class containing 0, i.e., [O].
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(20 20- 21)
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12. Ch·
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LA II (5/6 marks) I
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Given a non-empty set X, define the relatron R on f(x) '
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P(X) as: 13. Ar
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R=
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For A, B E P(X), (A, B) E R iff A c B. Prove tha t R is i I
reflexive, tran sitiv e, and not sym met ric. (20 22- 23) l I
Detailed SO LU
• Previous Years' CBSE Board Questions :._ .-
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l R2= {(1, :
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1. (b): Total num ber of refle xive rela tion s on a set hav
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in
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n number of elements = 2"2 -
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Here, n = 2 I
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:. Required num ber of refle xive rela tion s = 222 - I
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relc
2
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=24 -2= 22= 4 I
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\ 5. (d):
.2: (b): Given, R = {(a, b) : a= b _ b > }
2
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Since, b > 6, so (2, 4) e R '
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Also, (3, 8) e Ras 3 a _2* : a2 - 7a-a
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and {8, 7) e Ras 8 7 - 2 l :. Rel,
Now, for (6, 8), we have l Symmetr
8>6 -an d6= 8-2 h• •
:. (6, 8) E R
l As, 62 - I
'w ich is true
! But (1, 6)
:·- (c) : Consider, R = {(x, y) : XV ic:: tho r - . . l 6 - (b): I
....a...., CBSE Champion Mathematics Class 12
9. Define the relation R in the set N x N as follows:
For (a, b), (c, d) E N x N, (a, b) R (c, d) iff ad = be. Prove
that R is an equivalence relation in N x N. (2022-23)
1.3 Types of Functions
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10. Let A= {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and let f = {(1•, 4), (2, 5),
(3, 6)} be a function from A to 8. Based on the given
information, f is best defined as
(a) Surjective function (b) Injective function
(c) Bijective function (d) Function
(Term I, 2021-22)
11. The function f: R R defined as f(x) = x 3 is
(a) One-one but not onto
(b) Not one-one but onto
(c) Neither one-one nor onto
(d) One-one and onto (Term I, 2021-22)
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'' (1 mark)
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•' 12. Check whether the function f : R R defined as
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3
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f(x) = x is one-one or not. (2020-21)
: 13. A relation R in the set of real numbers R defined as
R={(a, b): Fa= b} is a function or not. Justify
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' (2020-21)
LUTIO NS
R2 = {(1, 2), (2, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1) (2, 3), (3, 2), (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
:. Number of equivalence relations is 2.
Concept Applied (@t
:) A relation R in a set A is called an equivalence
relation, if R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
