SENIOR INTERMEDIATE

BOTANY IMP QUESTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Explain Calvin cycle. [ pg – 35, qno – 8 ]
2. Give an account of Glycolysis. Where does not occurs? What are the end products? Trace the fale of
these products in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. [ pg – 51, qno – 5 ]
3. Explain the reaction of Krebs cycle. [ pg – 52, qno – 6 ]
4. Explain briefly the various processes of recombinant DNA technology. [ pg – 108, qno – 1 ]
5. Give a brief account of the tools of recombinant DNA technology. [ pg – 109, qno – 2 ]
6. You are botanist working in the area of plant breeding. Describe the various steps that you will
undertake to release a new variety. [ pg – 121, qno – 1 ]
7. Describe the tissue culture technique and what are the advantages of tissue culture over conventional
method of plant breeding in crop improvement programmes. [ pg – 122, qno – 2 ]
8. A) What would happen if a large volume of untreated sewage is discharged into a river.
B) In what way is anaerobic sludge digestion important in sewage treatments. [ pg – 131, qno – 1 ]

Short Answer Questions (SAQ’S)

1. Explain the nitrogen cycle, giving relevant examples. [ pg – 16, qno 1 ]
2. Under what conditions are C4 plants superior to C3. [ Pg – 32, qno – 3 ]
3. Define and explain water potential. [ pg – 4, qno – 1 ]
4. Write a short notes on facilitated diffusion. [ pg – 5, qno – 2 ]
5. What is meant by Plasmolysis? How is it practically useful to is [ pg – 5, qno – 3 ]
6. How does ascent of sap occur in tall trees. [ pg – 5, qno - 4 ]
7. Stomata are turgor operator values. Explain [ pg – 6, qno 5 ]
8. Explain pressure flow hypothesis of translocation of sugar in plants. [ pg – 7, qno – 6 ]
9. Explain the steps involved in the formation of root nodule. [ pg – 14, qno 3 ]
10. Write in brief how plants synthesis Amino acid. [ pg – 15, qno – 5 ]
11. Explain in brief how plants observe essential elements. [ pg – 16, qno 7 ]
12. Write briefly about enzyme inhibitors. [ pg – 20, qno – 3 ]
13. Explain different types of co-factors. [ pg – 21, qno – 4 ]
14. Explain the structure of chloroplast? Draw a neat labeled diagram. [ pg – 29, qno – 12 ]
15. Why is the respiratory pathway referred to as an amphibolic pathway? Explain [ pg – 44, qno 8 ]
16. Write about two energy yielding reactions of glycolysis. [ pg – 46, qno – 17 ]
17. The net gain of ATP for the complete aerobic oxidation of glucose is 36. Explain [ pg – 47, qno 21 ]
18. How are bacteria classified on the basis of morphology? [ pg – 65, qno 2 ]
19. How are bacteria classified on the basis of number and distribution of flagella. [ pg – 65, qno – 3 ]
20. What are the nutritional groups of bacteria based on their source of energy and carbon?
[ pg – 66, qno – 4 ]
21. Explain the conjugation in bacteria [ pg – 66, qno 6 ]
22. Explain the structure of TMV. [ pg – 70, qno – 4 ]
23. Explain the structure of T – even bacteriophages. [ pg – 70, qno – 5 ]
24. Explain the lytic cycle with reference to certain viruses. [ pg – 71, qno – 6 ]
25. Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiments by Mendel. [ pg – 78, qno 2 ]

26. Differentiate between the following [ pg – 78, qno 3 ]

 a) Dominant and recessive
b) Homozygous and heterozygous
c) Monohybrid and dihybrid
27. Explain the law of dominance using a monohybrid cross. [ pg – 78, qno – 4 ]
28. Define and Design a test cross. [ pg – 79, qno – 5 ]
29. Explain the following terms with examples [ pg – 80, qno – 8 ]
a) Co-dominance b) incomplete dominance
30. Write a brief note on chromosomal mutations and gene mutation. [ pg – 81, qno – 9 ]
31. Define law of secregation and law of independent law of independent assortment [ pg – 82, qno – 12 ]
32. Define transformations in Griffith’s experiments. Discuss how it helps in the identification of DNA as
genetic material. [ pg – 90, qno – 1 ]
33. Discuss the significance of heavy isotope of nitrogen in Meselson and Stahl’s experiment. [pg – 91]
34. How many types of RNA polymerases exist in cells? Write their names and functions. [ pg – 93 ]
35. What are the contributions of George, Gamow, H.G. Khorana, Marshall Nirenberg in deciphering the
genetic code [ pg – 94, qno 16 ]
36. Draw the schematic / diagrammatic presentation of the lac operon [ pg – 94, qno 16 ]
37. What differences between DNA and RNA. [ pg - 94, qno 17 ]
38. Write the important features of genetic code. [ pg – 94, qno 18 ]
39. Write briefly on nucleosomes. [ pg – 95, qno 21 ]
40. Write short notes on restriction enzymes. [ pg – 106, qno 1 ]
41. Give an account of amplification of gene of interest using PCR [ pg – 106, qno – 2 ]
42. What is a bioreactor? Describe briefly the stirring type of bioreactor. [ pg – 107, qno – 3 ]
43. What are the different methods of insertion of recombinant DNA into the host cell? [ pg 107, qno 4 ]
44. List out beneficial aspects of transgenic plants. [ pg – 114, qno - 1 ]
45. What are some bio safety issues concerned with genetically modified crops. [ pg – 114, qno – 2 ]
46. Give a brief account of (A) Bt Cotton (B) Pest resistant plants [ pg – 114, qno 3 ]
47. Give few examples of bio fertilized crops what benefits do they often to society? [ pg – 120, qno 7 ]
48. How do Mycorrhizal fungi help the plants harbouring them? [ pg – 130, qno – 3 ]
49. What is the chemical nature of Biogas? Explain the process. [ pg – 130, qno 6 ]
50. What are bio fertilizers? Give two examples and discuss their role. [ pg – 131, qno – 8 ]
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ZOOLOGY IMP QUESTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

01. Describe female reproductive system of a woman with the help of a labeled diagram [ pg no 58 ]
02. Describe male reproductive system of a man. Draw a labeled diagram of it. [ pg 59 ]
03. What are multiple alleles?
Describe multiple alleles with the help of ABO blood groups in man. [ pg 75 ]
04. Describe chromosomal theory of sex determination. [ pg 76 ]
05. What is Crisscross inheritance? Explain the inheritance of one sex linked recessive character in human
beings. [ pg no 77 ]
06. Describe the structure of the heart of man with the help of neat diagram. [ pg – 77 ]
07. Write notes on the working of the heart of man. [ pg – 22 ]
08. Describe the excretory system of man giving the structure of a nephron. [ pg 27 ]
09. Explain the physiology of urine formation. [ pg – 28 ]
10. Give the brief account of the structure and functions of brain of man. [ pg – 41 ]

Short Answer Questions (SAQ’S)

 01. L.S. of tooth. [ pg – 5 ]
02. L. S. of Kidney. [ Pg – 25 ]
03. T.S. of Spinal card. [ pg – 39 ]
04. Draw a neat labled diagram of pelvic gridle of man. [ pg – 36 ]
05. How is respiratory movements regulated in man? [ pg – 11, qno – 1 ]
06. Explain the process of inspiration and expiration under normal conditions. [ pg – 11, qno - ]
07. What are the major transport mechanism for CO2? Explain [ pg – 12, qno 2 ]
08. Describe disorders of respiratory system. [ pg – 14, qno – 5 ]
09. Draw a labeled diagram of the L.S. of the heart of man. [ pg – , qno ]
10. Draw a neat labeled diagram of the ultra structure of muscle fibre. [ pg – 32, qno – 4 ]
11. Draw the diagram of a sarcoma of skeletal muscle showing different regions. [ pg – 32, qno 5 ]
12. What is Cori’s cycle – explain the process. [ pg – 32, qno – 6 ]
13. Draw a neat labeled diagram of pelvic girdle of man. [ pg – , qno – ]
14. Give an account of the retina of the human eye. [ pg – 39, qno – 3 ]
15. Give an account of synaptic transmission [ pg – 40, qno 4 ]
16. Compare pituitary dwarf and a thyroid dwarf in respect to similarities and dissimilarities. [ pg–46 ]
17. Write a note on Addition’s disease and Cushing’s syndrome. [ pg – 47 ]
18. Write a short notes on B-cells. [ pg – 50 ]
19. Write a short note on Immunoglobulings. [ pg - 50 ]
20. Explain the mechanism of humeral immunity. [ pg – 51 ]
21. Explain the mechanism of cell mediated immunity. [ pg – 51 ]
22. Explain the mechanism by which HIV multiplies and leads to AIDS. [ pg – 52 ]
23. Write short notes on any two of the following (a) IVF (b) ICSI (c) IUDs [ pg 64, qno 3 ]
24. Briefly mention the contribution of TH morgan to genetics. [ pg – 68, qno – 1 ]
25. Describe erythroblastosis foetal is. [ pg – 69, qno – 4 ]
26. List out various steps involved in MOET.
27. Explain the important components of poultry management [ pg 91, qno 6 ]
28. Discuss in brief about ‘Avian flu’. [ pg no – 91, qno – 1 ]
29. Honey bees are economically important. Justify [ pg 92, qno 9 ]
30. List out any four salient features of cancer cells. [ pg – 93, qno 15 ]
31. Explain different types of cancers. [ pg 93, qno 16 ]
32. Discuss briefly the process of indirect ELISA [ pg no 94, qno 19 ]
33. Write short notes on EEG. [ pg no 94, qno 20 ]
34. Write a short notes on sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. [ pg no 31, qno 1 ]
35. Write a notes on the mechanism of action of hormones [ pg 48, qno 9 ]
36. Write briefly about different waves and intervals in an ECG. [ pg no 94, qno 18 ]
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SENIOR INTER PHYSICS IPE QUESTIONS

LAQ’s
WAVES
1. Explain the formation of stationary waves in stretched strings and hence deduce the laws of transverse
waves in stretched strings?
2. Explain the formation of stationary waves in an air column enclosed in open pipe. Derive the
equations for the frequencies of the harmonics produced.
3. How are stationary waves formed in-closed pipes? Explain the various modes of vibrations and obtain
relations for their frequencies.
4. What is Doppler effect? Obtain an expression for the apparent frequency of sound heard when the
source is in motion with respect to in observer at rest.
PROBLEMS
a) A closed organ pipe 70 cm is sounded. If the velocity of sound is 331 m/s, what is the fundamental
frequency of vibration of the air coolumn?
b) Two open organ pipes of lengths 65 cm and 70 cm respectively, are sounded simultaneously. How
many beats per second will be produced between the fundamental frequencies of the two pipes? (
Velocity of sound = 330 m/s )
c) A pipe 20 cm long is closed at one end. Which harmonic mode of the pipe is resonantly excited by
a 430 Hz source? Will the same source be in resonance with the pipe if both ends are open? [ Speed
of sound in air is 340ms-1 ]
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
5. State Kirchoffs laws for an electrical network. Using these laws deduce the condition for balance in a
Wheatstone bridge.
6. State the working principle of potentiometer explain with the help of circuit diagram how the emf of
two secondary cells are compared by using the potentiometer.
MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM
7. Obtain an expression for the torque on a loop placed in a uniform magnetic field.
8. Describe the construction and working of moving coil galvanometer.
NUCLEI
9. Explain the principle and working of a nuclear reactor with the help of a labeled diagram.
10. What is radioactivity? State the law of radioactive decay. Show that radioactive decay is exponential
in nature.
SAQ’S
OPTICS
1. A light ray passes through a prism of angle A in a position of minimum deviation. Obtain an
expression for (a) the angle of incidence in terms of the angle of refraction in terms of the refraction
in terms of the refractive index of the prism.
2. Define critical angle. Explain total internal reflection using a neat diagram.
3. Explain the formation of a mirage.
4. Explain the formation of a rainbow.
5. Why does the setting sun appear red?
6. With a neat labeled diagram explain the formation of image in a simple microscope.
WAVE OPTICS
7. Explain Doppler effect in light. Distinguish between red shift and blue shift.
8. What is total internal reflection. Explain the phenomenon using Huygen’s principle.
9. Does the principle of conservation of energy hold for interference and diffraction phenomena?
Explain briefly.
10. How do you determine the resolving power of your eye?
ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS
11. State and explain coulomb’s inverse square law in electricity.
12. Define intensity of electric field at a point. Derive an expression for the intensity due to a point
charge.
13. Derive the equation for the couple acting on a electric dipole in a uniform electric field.
14. Derive an expression for the intensity of the electric field at a point on the axial line of an electric
dipole.
15. Derive an expression for the intensity of the electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an
electric dipole.
16. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics and its importance.
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE
17. Derive an expression for the potential at a distance from a point charge.
18. Derive an expression for the potential energy of an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field.
19. Explain the behavior of dielectrics in an external field.
MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM
20. State and explain Boit – Savart law
21. State and explain Ampere’s law
22. Obtain an expression for the magnetic dipole moment of a current loop.
23. What are the basic components of a cyclotron? Mention its uses.
ELECTRO MAGNETIC INDUCTION
24. Describe the ways in which Eddy currents are used to advantage.
25. Obtain an expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of the magnetic field, area
and length of the solenoid.
ALTERNATING CURRENT
26. State the principle on which a transformer works. Describe the working of a transformer with
necessary theory.
ATOMS
27. What is impact parameter and angle of scattering? How are they related to each other?
28. Derive an expression for potential and kinetic energy of an electron in any orbit of a hydrogen atom
according to Bohr’s atomic model. How does, P.E. change with increasing ‘n’.
29. What are the limitations of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom?
30. Explain the distance of closet approach and impact parameter.
31. Describe Ruther ford atom model. What are the draw backs of this model?
32. Explain the different types of spectral series.
33. Write a short note on Debroglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantization.
SEMI CONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS
34. Describe now a semiconductor is used as a half wave rectifier.
35. What is rectification? Explain the working of full wave rectifier?
36. Define NAND and NOR gates. Give their truth tables.
37. Explain the operation of a NOT gate and give its truth table.
38. What is a rectifier? Explain the working of half wave and full wave rectifiers with diagrams.
39. Describe a transistor and explain its working.

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CHEMISTRY IMP QUESTIONS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

01. What are electro chemical cell? How are they constructed? Explain the working of the different types
of galvanic cells. [ pg 40, q 1 ]
02. Give the application of Kowrausch’s law of independent migration of ions [ pg 40, q 3 ]
03. Discuss the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. Derive necessary equations in this context.
[ pg 56, q 3 ]
04. Give the detailed account of the collision theory of reactions rates of bio molecular gaseous reaction.
[ pg 56, q 4 ]
05. How is ammonia manufactured by Haber’s process? Explain the reaction of ammonia with
a) ZnSO4(aq) b) CuSO4(aq) c) AgCl(s )
6. How is nitric acid manufactured by “ Ostwald’s ” process? How does it react with the following
a) Copper b) Zn c) S8 d) P4 [ pg 108, q 2 ]
7. Explain the detail the manufacture of Sulphuric acid by contact process. [ pg 114, q 1 ]
8. How is ozone prepared from oxygen. Explain its reaction with
a) C2 H4 b) KI c) Hg d) PbS [ pg 115, q 2 ]
9. How is chlorine prepared in the laboratory? How does it react with the following? [ pg 122, q 1 ]
a) Iron b) hot, conc, NaOH c) acidified FeSO4 d) Iodine e) H2S
f) Na2S2O3
10. How is chlorine prepared by electrolytic method? Explain its reaction with
a) NaOH b) NH3 under different conditions [ pg 123, q 3 ]
11. Explain the mechanism of nucleophilic bimolecular SN and nucleophilic unimolecular SN1.
2

Substitution reactions with one example. [ pg 202, q 4 ]

12. With a suitable example write equations for the following
1) Kolbe’s reaction 2) Reimer – Tiemann reaction
3) Williamson’s ether synthesis [ pg 218, q 8 ]
13. Describe the following [ pg 238, q 11 ]
1) Acetylation 2) Cannizaro reaction
3) Cross aldol condensation 4) Decorboxylation
Short Answer Questions (SAQ’S)
01. Classify each of the following as either a p – type (or) n – type semiconductors. [ pg 8, q 9 ]
02. Derive Brogg’s equations. [ pg – 9, q 15 ]
03. Write short notes on Schottky defect [ pg 10, q 1 ]
04. Write short notes on Frenkel defect [ pg 10, q 2 ]
05. What is relative lowering of vapour pressure? How is it useful to determine the molecular mass of a
solute [ pg 24, q 19 ]
06. Calculate the molality of a solution containing 5g of NaOH in 450 ml solution. [ pg 25, q 21 ]
07. Define mole fraction calculate the mole fraction of ethylene glycol ( C2 H6O2 ) in a solution containing
20% C2 H6O2 by mass [ pg 25, q 22 ]
08. Calculate molality of 2.5g ethanoic acid in 73 g of bengene [ pg 25, q 23 ]
09. What are different types of adsorption? Give any four differences between characteristics of these
different types. [ pg 76, q 4 ]
10. What is catalysis? How is catalysis classified? Give two examples for each type of catalysis.[pg77, q7]
11. Explain the purification of sulphide ore by froth floatation method. [ pg 94, q 12 ]
12. Explain briefly the extraction of aluminum from bauxite [ pg 97, q 19 ]
13. Explain the extraction of zinc from zinc blend. [ pg 96, q 16 ]

14. How is ozone prepared? How does it react with the following? [ pg 112, q 3 ]
a. PbS b. KI c. Hg d. Ag
15. Describe the manufacture of H2SO4 by contact process [ pg 112, q 2 ]
16. Write balanced equations for the following [ pg 121, q 2 ]
a) NaCl is heated with conc H2SO4 in the presence of MnO2
b) Chlorine is passed into a solution of NaI in water.
17. How is chlorine obtained in the laboratory? How does it react with the following? [ pg 121, q 5 ]
a) Cold dil. NaOH b) Excess NH3 c) KI
18. What are inter halogen compounds? Give some examples to illustrate the definition. How are they
classified? [ pg 121, q 7 ]
19. Explain the reaction of the following with water. [ pg 127, q 4 ]
b) XeF2 b) XeF4 c) XeF6
20. Explain the structures of a) XeF2 b) XeF4 [ pg 127, q 5 ]
21. Explain the structures of a) XeF6 b) XeOF4 [ pg 128, q 6 ]
22. How are XeF2 and XeF4 prepared? Give their structures [ pg 128, q 8 ]
23. What are interstitial compounds? How are they formed? Give two examples. [ pg 137, q 6 ]
24. Write the characteristics of intersitital compounds. [ pg 138, q 7 ]
25. Write the characteristic properties of transition elements [ pg 138, q 8 ]
26. Explain Werner’s theory of coordination compounds with suitable examples. [ pg 140, q 21 ]
27. Using IUPAC norms write the formulas for the following [ pg 142, q 27 ]
i) Tetrahydroxzincate (II) ii) Hexaammine cobalt (III) Sulphate
iii) Potassium tetrachloropalladate (II) iv) Potassium tri (oxalate) chromate (III)
28. Using IUPAC norms write the systematic names of the following [ pg 142, q 28 ]
i) ( Co ( NH ) ) Cl
3 6 3 ( )
ii) Pt ( NH 3 )2 CI ( NH 2 CH 3 ) CI

iii) ( Ti ( H O ) )
3+
( NiCl4 )
2−
2 6
iv)
29. Classify the following into addition and condensation polymers [ pg 155, q 1 ]
i) Terylene ii) Bakelite iii) Polyvinyl chloride iv) Polythene
30. Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers [ pg 157, q 7 ]
1) Buna – S 2) Buna – N 3) Dacron 4) Neoprene
31. Write the names and structures of the monomers used for getting the following polymers.
Polyvinyl chloride ii) Teflon iii) Bakelite iv) Polystyrene [ pg 157, q 8 ]
32. Explain the difference between natural rubber and synthetic rubber [ pg 158, q 9 ]
33. Explain the purpose of vulcanization of rubber ? [ pg 158, q 11 ]
34. Write notes on vitamins [ pg 173, q 11 ]
35. What are hormones? Give one example for each (i) Steriod hormones
(ii) Polypeptide hormones (iii) Amino acid derivatives [ pg 174, q 13 ]
36. Give the sources of the following vitamins and name the diseases caused by their deficiency
a) A b) D c) E and d) K [ pg 175, q 14 ]
37. Write the products formed by the reduction and oxidation of phenol. [ pg 215, q 6 ]
38. Give structures of the products you would expect when each of the following alcohol reacts with
a. HCl − ZnCl2 b. HBr c. SOCl2
i. Butan-1-ol ii. 2 – Methylbutan–2-ol [ pg 252, q 13 ]
39. Explain the following named reactions [ pg 252, q 13 ]
i) Sandmeyer reaction ii) Gatterman reaction
40. Arrange the following in decreasing order of their basic strength
C6 H5 NH2 ; C2H5 NH2 ; ( C2H5 )2 NH, NH3 [ pg 256, q 4 ]

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