CONTEMPORARY WORLD: Cultural Globalization

Module 2 Assessment Reviewer MATCHING TYPE

Taoism – East Asia
Islam – Middle East
POSSIBLE EXAM’s Q&As
Hinduism – South Asia

Political Globalization
Timeline
1st - Hunting and Gathering societies. POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
2nd - Agricultural Revolution
3rd - French Revolution
4th - Russian Revolution PRIMITIVE TIMES – The Beginning (Stone age)
5th - EDSA Revolution
- Nomadic (someone who lives travelling from place to

Matching Type place) families and clans

Karl Marx – Germany - Hunting and Gathering
Mao Tse Tung – China
- Decisions made by head of the clan
Kim Jong Un - North Korea
Fidel Castro – Cuba - Patriarchy
Vladimir Lenin – Russia
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION

Economic Globalization - Agricultural Revolution

- Domestication of animals (instead of hunting)
When was petroleum discovered? - Cultivation of crops (instead of gathering)
After 2nd World War 2
- Clans settled besides rivers.
When was taxation invented? - Mesopotamia, Nile, Indus, Huang-ho
Ancient Kingdoms - Permanent settlements (no longer nomadic)
- People built cities beside the great rivers.
When was money first invented?
Ancient Empires
ANCIENT TIMES
When was communism collapse?
- Rise of City-States, kingdoms, and Empires

Germany – EU - Cities governed by a powerful person whom the

Thailand – ASEAN people acknowledge as their political leader.
Saudi Arabia – OPEC
- Leaders protect their people and the city-state
China – APEC
from raiders and rival city-states.
When did the USA become a center of economic power? - The leader is a strong man-of-war.
During the Industrial Revolution
 RISE OF KINGDOMS
- City-states evolved into kingdoms. - EXAMPLES OF EMPIRES DURING THE AGE OF
- Formation of social classes MERCANTILISM
- Leader’s clan became the top class, the nobility. In Europe:
- ▪ Spanish Empire
▪ Portuguese Empire
- Monarchy established: inherited leadership.
▪ Dutch Empire
- Taxation began. ▪ French Empire
▪ British Empire
▪ Belgian Empire
RISE OF EMPIRES
- Kingdoms invade other kingdoms. • Monarchy continued to be the political order
- One emperor ruling several kingdoms. • Emperors ruled their motherland in Europe, plus their
- Vasal kings and governors under the emperor colonies in other continents
- Examples of Ancient Empires : • World Order:
• In the Middle East: • Europe- the seat of power
▪ Babylonian Empire
• Asia, Africa, Americas- subdued people and territories
▪ Persian Empire
▪ Greek Empire • Australia - penal colony of the British (distant or
▪ Roman Empire overseas settlement established for punishing criminals
by forced labor and isolation from society.)
• In Central Asia:
▪ Mongol Empire
RISE OF DEMOCRACY
• In Southeast Asia:
• Monarchs and Emperors were mostly despotic (use
▪ Khmer Empire
▪ Srivijaya Empire their power over other people in a very unfair or cruel
way) due to their absolute powers
• In the Americas: • In France, this RESULTED TO A REVOLUTION
▪ Maya Empire
• The French Revolution- the First Revolution that led to
▪ Aztec EmpireInca Empire
democracy
• In the Middle East: • The French king was killed by the peasants
▪ Islamic Empire
• NO MORE MONARCHY

AGE OF MERCANTILISM • A parliament ((in the UK) the highest legislature,

• Quest for GOLD and SPICES consisting of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the
• The more gold, the more powerful House of Commons) was formed to run the country
• Spices for food preservation
• People elect representatives to the parliament
• Led to the exploration and discovery of new
lands. • Other European countries followed the French model
• Western European kingdoms built overseas • Kings lost their absolute powers
empires
• Parliaments took care of the governance of their
countries
• Concept of equality of people • He hatched the idea of communism
• More liberties for citizens • Wrote 2 books: Das Kapital, and The Communist
Manifesto
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ▪ Lenin confiscated all the wealth of Russia and
• European countries developed machines for mass distributed it equallyamong the people
production ▪ He set up a communist government which is

• Factories established iron-fisted

• Mechanized farming, mechanized transportation ▪ Communist Russia invaded 14 neighboring
• Coal-powered factories and vehicles countries and integrated them in the Soviet
• Great damage to environment Union
• Poor labor practices ▪ Also called USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist
• The Industrial Revolution made the Western European Republics)
empires more powerful economically and politically ▪

• England, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, Holland SPREAD OF COMMUNISM

• The United States of America (USA) also became like • Communism was never applied in Marx’s lifetime
the Western European powers • 1917- Russia, the first country to apply
communism
BIRTH OF COMMUNISM • Russian Revolution
• Because of the Industrial Revolution...
• Led by Vladimir Lenin
• Two social classes became more defined
• Ended the monarchy
• The capitalists and the masses
• Start of the Soviet Era
• The bourgeoisie (the middle class, typically with
• In 1950, China followed the Russian model
reference to its perceived materialistic values or
• Mao Tse Tung drove away Chiang Kai Shek to Taiwan
conventional attitudes.) and the proletariat (workers or
• Mao set up a communist government in mainland China
working-class people, regarded collectively (often used
with reference to Marxism))
WORLD WAR 1 AND WORLD WAR 2
• Capitalists- the rich, the factory owners
• Caused the powerful nations to polarize
• Masses- the working class, the laborers, the factory
• Grouped together and fought each other
workers
• WW1 Axis Powers- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman
• 1800s in Europe
Empire
• The capitalists oftentimes exploit the laborers
• WW1 Allied Powers- US, GB, France, USSR (The Big 4),
• No more “equality of men”
Japan, Italy
• WW2 Axis Powers- Germany, Italy, Japan
• Karl Marx, a German philosopher living in England,
• WW2 Allied Powers- US, GB, France, USSR (The Big 4)
observed this.
• The Axis Powers lost in both wars
• He hated the exploitation of the masses by the elites
• After World war 2, the Big Four became even more
• Dreamt of a class-less society
known as “theundisputed world powers”
The League of Nations and the UN • Non-shooting war, just a war of ideologies
• After World War 1, The League of Nations was formed • Spy vs spy
(1920). • James Bond vs the KGB
• Its objective is to preserve world peace • Korean stand-off
• At its peak, it had 58 members • After World War 2, Korea was partitioned by the USA
• Disagreement among members and withdrawal of and USSR
membership happened • North Korea – became communist, because of USSR
• It failed to prevent World War 2 • South Korea – became democratic, because of USA
• At the end of World War 2, the League of Nations was • The Korean War, 1950-1953
abolished • North Korea vs South Korea
• It was replaced by the United Nations • Communism vs Democracy
• From 51 member states in 1945, today the UN has • USSR and China helped North Korea
193members • USA helped South Korea
• Purpose: peace-keeping • Ended with a stale mate, a draw, a tie
• Later, health, food security, environmentalism, and the • The Vietnam War
likes, became additional objectives. • After World War 2, Vietnam was partitioned
• North Vietnam became communist because of the USSR
POST-WORLD WAR 2 • South Vietnam became democratic because of the USA
• Release of the colonies • In 1965-1975, North Vietnam invaded South Vietnam

• Economic losses during World War 2 caused GB, France • USSR and China funded the North Vietnamese, USA
and other European powers to give independence to helped SouthVietnam
their colonies • South Vietnam and the USA lost the war.
• The Philippines became independent • The 1st World countries in North America andEurope
• Also, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and many African and formed the NATO (North AtlanticTreaty Organization)
Middle East countries • If one member gets attacked by thecommunist bloc, the
• The New World Order other NATO memberswould come to the rescue.

• 1st World, 2nd World, 3rd World • Fortunately, this didn’t happen.
• 1st World- rich democratic countries (USA, GB, France) • The United Nations had a hard time doing its job
• 2nd World- big, powerful communist countries (USSR, duringthe cold war.
China) • Both the US and the USSR were UN members
• 3rd World- the rest of the world • For the record, the UN deployed peacekeeping forces
onlyon 2 occasions during the Cold War:

THE COLD WAR • During the Korean War in the 1950s

• Competition of the 1st World and the 2nd World to • In Congo in the 1960s to aid the government against

convert/keep the3rd World countries under their rebel forces

respective fence • After World War 2, Germany was also partitioned.

• Communism vs Democracy • Also the capital city of Berlin.

• West Germany and West Berlin became • Communist government, but open toWestern capitalists
democraticbecause of the USA • Today, only 2 countries remain as “pure communists”
• East Germany and East Berlin became • Cuba and North Korea
communistbecause of the USSR • But lately, Cuban leader Fidel Castro died.
• His successor is open-minded to US partnership
THE END OF THE COLD WAR • Also, new North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, is having

• End of the Cold War exploratory talks on the unification of Korea.

• In 1989, the East Germans had a “people • Experts claim that sooner or later, communism will be a
powerrevolution” thing of the past
• They gave up communism and wanted to bedemocratic
• They destroyed the Berlin Wall, the barrier thatdivided Where is Globalization in our story?
the two Germanies. • Breaking down of barriers between the communism
• (where did the East Germans got the idea of a and democracy
peoplepower revolution?) • The trend: The world is becoming capitalistic and
• EDSA People Power Revolution of 1986 democratic
After the German experience, many communist countries
in Europefollowed suit. POSTLUDE: WAR ON TERROR
• Democracy-hungry people toppled the communist • Now, in the contemporary times, the 1st World has a
governments in their countries
new enemy-Terrorism
• Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and even the • Islamic Extremist groups (Taliban, Al Qaeda, ISIS) have
USSR launched attacks in the 1st World
• By the end of the 1990s, communism was almost dead • The US and its allies have invaded countries that they
think are” cuddling” these extremist groups
POST-COLD WAR ERA • Afghanistan and Iraq
• Germany became a united democratic country • The US put up “democratic governments” in these
• The other small communist countries in Europe became invaded countries to replace the Islamic extremist
democratic government
• The USSR disintegrated
• Russia gave independence to the 14 Soviet republics- SYNTHESIS
Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Lithuania, Ukraine, etc. • The trend:
• Parliaments replaced the communist governments • The world started with simple nomadic groups here and
there there
• China opened itself to US capitalists • They polarized into settlements, nations, kingdoms, and
• China allowed US companies to operate intheir land empires
• Nike, Apple, McDonalds, etc • Through time, borders separated them. Borders may be
• Now, almost everything in the world is madein China physical walls, borderlines, ideologies, despotic leaders,
• Vietnam followed China’s example wars, economic systems, religion, and the likes.
• In the contemporary world, these barriers are • Aside from farming, some people became craftsmen
crumbling down.] and artisans
• The breaking down of these barriers and the unification • They made clothes, shoes, baskets, tools, jewelry, and
of the world’s GLOBALIZATION unfolding before our eyes. furniture
• They became new players in the barter trade

RISE OF MERCHANTS
ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION • Some people became “middlemen” or merchants
• Trading expanded geographically
• Merchants travel far to barter with other communities
In the beginning...
• The merchants became a wealthy social class
• Simplest economic system
• Gold became the trading currency
• Hunting and gathering
• “isang kahig, isang tuka”
AGE OF ANCIENT EMPIRES
• Hand-to-mouth subsistence
• Kingdoms invaded other kingdoms
• Primarily for economic gains
EVOLVED TO AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY
• Measure of wealth:
• Agricultural Revolution
• Amount of Gold, treasures,agricultural produce, slaves
• People learned to plant crops and domesticate animals
• Later, money was invented
• Wealth was measured by how much sheep or cattle one
has
AGE OF MERCANTILISM
• Money was not yet invented
• people operated only in small concentric circles of trade
• Mesopotamia
• They don’t travel too far, printer-continental, just to
trade their goods
BARTER TRADE
• Before the invention of money, civilizations practice
barter trade
• Goods for goods

ECONOMY IN THE CITY-STATES AND ANCIENT

KINGDOMS
AGE OF DISCOVERY
• Taxation was invented
• Age of Mercantilism
• Taxation was in kind, not in cash
• Golden Rule
• Example: 10% of everybody’s harvest goes tothe king.
• He who has the gold, is the one who rules
• If you harvest 100 sacks pf potatoes, 10 sackswill go to
• European kingdoms tried to accumulate as much gold
the king
as possible
• But with the Age of Discovery, their operations widened
• Empires now operated inter-continentally • Example: The Philippines exports sugar to the US. In
return, the USexports candies, chocolates, and coca-cola
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION to the Philippines.
• Europe became the “center” of the economy, which is Post-Colonial Era
now a global economy • Banks of the 1st World like IMF and WB loaned money
• The overseas colonies became the” periphery” to the 3rdWorld countries.
• Later, the USA also became a “center” of economic • In the process, they, the rich countries, get more control
power over them
• “center” – where the factories are
• “periphery”- the farms, the sources of raw materials THE 2ND WORLD
• IMBALANCE- the “center” became richer, the • Meanwhile, in the communist bloc, trade happens
“periphery” remained poor onlyamong themselves
• The big communist countries- USSR and China-
POST-COLONIAL ERA exportsto the smaller communist states (satellite states)
• After World War 2, the “centers” released their whatthey need, including military hardware like tanks,
respective“peripheries” guns,bombs, etc)
• The Western Powers gave independence to their • Small communist countries- North Korea,
colonies NorthVietnam, Cuba, etc

POST-COLONIAL ERA: NEO-COLONIALISM DISCOVERY OF OIL

• The 1st World continued to flourisheconomically, while • After WW2, petroleum was discovered in the Middle
the 3rd World (agriculture-based economies) struggle to East
improveeconomically. • The Middle Eastern countries rose to become economic
• Raw materials like sugar and copra are cheap;while powers by exporting oil to the rest of the world
finished products like coca-cola andshampoo are • Now we have a new set of countries that are powerful
expensive. Who will get a higherincome? economically,but are neither 1st world nor 2nd world.
• They are neither 3rd world too.
• They organized the Organization of Petroleum Exporting
• But the old economic order remained. Countries (OPEC)
• The newly-independent countries (former colonies, the THE OPEC
3rd World) stillexports raw materials to their former These Arab states control the prices of petroleum
colonizers. products world-wide If they drill oil quickly and in large
• In return, the Western Powers (former colonizers, the quantities, there will be an over-supply Prices will go
1st World)exports finished products to the former down If they slowed down the drilling of oil- there will be
colonies. a shortage of supply Prices will go up
THE NEW WORLD ORDER • Asia Pacific EconomicCooperation• Operates somewhat
like theEU
• Relaxation of tariffs (taxes)among member countries
• The Philippines is a member of this
• That’s why we see a lot of foreign products in our
market
• Ponkan, apples, etc

Downside: Some countries can’t compete economically

• With the collapse ofcommunism in the1990s, the 1st,
with others
2nd, 3rdworld labeling of thecountries of the
worldbecame outdated
• Example:
• The labeling system wehave now is“Developed”
• Korea, Japan, US sells computers, cars, appliances, and
and“Developing” countries
gadgets
• Large price, less taxes = large income
AGE OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION
• Philippines and other agriculture-based countries sells
bananas
THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU) • Cheap price, less taxes= small income
• The situation is worsened by China
• China sells apples and ponkan to the Philippines
• We patronize Chinese fruits over Philippine fruits
• Thus, our farmers get lesser income now

THE ASEAN INTEGRATION

• Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

• The Western European countries, mostly former 1st • Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore,

world countries, banded together economically. Myanmar,Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Brunei

• One currency – the Euro (if you’re a tourist,no need for • Thailand proposed an EU-like set-up in 2015

money changers) • Thailand is on the advantage, we are at the

• Porous borders – no visa (easy and fasttravel from one disadvantage

EU country to another) • Thailand has a lot to sell

• Relaxing of trade restrictions – less taxes, less • They have a lot more agricultural produce (rice, fruits)

threatening for sellers, results to higher income of the compared tothe Philippines

seller • This ASEAN Integration is not yet in full swing

• It is still in the early stages

THE APEC • You don’t need a visa to enter ASEAN member states
• The K12 Program was instituted to have seamless • Religion
transfer of studentsfrom one ASEAN state to another • Cuisine
• Soon we might have a common currency • Mentality

CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION FAR EAST CULTURE

• China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia (Thailand,
Indochina)
Where is the demarcation line?
• Heavily influenced by Taoism, Buddhism and
Answer:• Jerusalem
Confucianism
• Belief in Feng Shui
Jerusalem: The City of God
• Writing and reading system is from right to left
• In the old times, people believed that Jerusalem was
• Meekness is a virtue
the center of the flat world.
• Utmost respect for elders
• All lands east of Jerusalem is “The East”
• Close family ties
• All lands west of Jerusalem is “The West”
• Unique clothes
• Food: noodles, raw fish, kimchi, maki
The West
• Unique music and musical instruments
• Europe and America
• Greeting: bow
The East
• Asia
SOUTH ASIAN CULTURE
• India, Bangladesh, Pakistan
Middle East and Far East
• Heavily influenced by Hinduism
• Middle East• Also called “Near East”
• Colorful clothes
• The east that is near Jerusalem
• Unique music
• Far East
• Unique architecture
• Also called “The Orient”
• Cuisine: spicy, curry
• The east that is far from Jerusalem
• Eating with bare hand
• No beef diets
Eastern Culture • Arranged marriage
• Also called Oriental Culture

EASTERN FACETS OF CULTURE MIDDLE EAST CULTURE

• Clothing
• Heavily influenced by Islam
• music
• Unique clothes
• Arts
• Beard for men
• Architecture
• No pork diet
• Customs and traditions
• Greeting: holy kiss
 • The Spaniards imposed to us their religion and
Women in Asia culture
• In general, Eastern culture is a male-dominated culture. • For Westerners, they think their culture is superior
• Women were treated lowly in most parts of Asia
• Example:
• It’s just recently that things are changing
• The movie “The King and I” debunked the Oriental
Only in the Philippines– concept of “under the saya
king’s worthiness of the bow
• For Westerners, they think their culture is superior
WESTERN CULTURE
• Example:
• North America and Europe
• Hollywood movies’ plot is about America being the
• Western clothes
savior of the world
• Unique music and musical instruments
• For Westerners, they think their culture is superior
• Individualism
• Not so much family-oriented • Example:

• Liberal views on sex and gender • Western medicine is legitimate, while eastern
• Materialism medicine is doubtful or mythical
• Unique cuisine • Example:• Colonial mentality among Filipinos
• Greeting: handshake

Globalization of Culture
Western culture: Latin America
• The world is developing just one culture
• South America and Central America
• And that is Western culture
• Heavily influenced by Catholicism
• Cuisine: spicy food (Mexican)
But most recently...
• Unique dance and music
• Eastern culture is gaining popularity
• Greeting: beso-beso
• Martial arts movies

HOW GLOBALIZATION OF CULTURECOMMENCED • Chinese new year celebration in the US

• Yoga fad

AGE OF COLONIALISM • K-pop invasion

• West conquered East • Herbal medicine fad

• Imposition of political power on the easterners

• Economic exploitation SOCIAL GLOBALIZATION
• Western culture infiltrated the East
• For Westerners, they think their culture is superior
• Man is a social being
• Example:
• Humans interact with one another
• Socialization is essential in life
Before... DRIVERS OF GLOBALIZATION
• Face-to-face interaction
• Family, village, community
• People learned to write 1. Science and Technology
• Written communication added to face-to-face • People discovered agriculture
communication • Transitioned from Hunting-Gathering to
• Personal letters, edicts of kings, books Agricultural society
• Industrial revolution
Advent of Mass Media • People developed machines for mass
• Invention of the printing press production
• Caused the mass production of writings • Transitioned from Agricultural to Industrial
• Print media society
• Newspapers • Invention of advanced transportation
• Made travel faster and more convenient
• The Telegram was invented in the mid 1800s • People reached places quicker, world became
• The Telephone was invented in the late 1800s smaller
• Radio Broadcasting began in the 1920s • Space Exploration and Space Travel
• Television Broadcasting began in the 1940s • When people reached outer space and the
• The internet was invented in the 1980s moon, we saw images ofthe earth from afar.
• The Cellphone was invented in the 1990s • We saw how “small” our planet is
• Social Media was invented in the 2000s • Mass Communication
• The invention of the printing press, radio, and tv
Today.. enabled people tosend messages globally to mass
.• The Quad Media• Print• Radio• TV• Internet audiences
• Massive personal communication across the globe thru • Information Technology
social media • The invention of the computer and the internet
• We do these things on line... made the world even much smaller
• Personal communication
• Shopping
• Banking
• Job hunting 2. Trade
• Courtship and dating • Merchants brought goods from one continent
• Entertainment to another, causingawareness of other lands and
• Education cultures.
• The Spice Trade served as catalyst for the Age of
THE WORLD IS SMALLER NOWADAYS Discovery and Age ofColonization
 • Trade in the modern times causes foreign • The EDSA Revolution served as a model and
product to flood into thelocal markets of several sparked the downfall of communism world wide
countries. • US-Arab hostilities opened the Arab world to
democracy
3. Colonization and Neo-Colonization
• When a kingdom or empire conquers another 6. Personalities

one, they impose their political, economic, • Philosophers, rulers, celebrities, and other
cultural, and social systems into the colony. influential people spreadtheir ideologies and
• Thus, there is a spreading of their system; in a trends, and made the world polarized or unitedin
way, it’s globalization. some way
• Spaniards spread Catholicism • Karl Marx, Confucius, Mohammed, Jesus Christ,
• British spread the English language rock stars, movieactors, etc
• Americans spread the “Am way” and the
American pop culture 7. World Organizations
• The United Nations and other similar groups,
sports governing bodies,economic cooperations,

4. Migration all contribute to making the nations open toone

• People moved from one place to another another (collapsing of borders) while retaining

bringing along their ideas,culture, and technology one’s sovereignty.

• The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade brought African • Also in times of disasters, humanitarian inter-

people and culture intothe Americas nation interactionbecomes more prevalent.

• The Jewish Diaspora made the Jews spread all Example: Ondoy

over the world

Summary

5. Wars and Revolutions • What causes Globalization?• Many drivers,

• Wars causes borders to fall, people to migrate, combination of the following:• Science and

and new systems to beimposed on nations Technology• Trade• Colonization and Neo-

• The French Revolution ushered democracy into Colonization• Migration• Wars and Revolutions•

modern Europe Personalities• World Organizations

• The Russian Revolution put in orbit communism

in Russia GLOBALIZATION OF OTHER THINGS
• The Chinese Revolution put in power the Aside from political ideas, economic systems, culture, and
communists in China socialnetworks, there are many other things that have
• Communist take-overs in Cuba, Vietnam, etc globalized.
• Aftermaths of World War 1 and World War 2
established new world order 1. Plants
 • Plants naturally grow in a certain place, but not ▪ Portuguese- now spoken in Brazil (the largest
in another. Portuguese-speaking nation in the world)
• “endemic” – means originally from ▪ French- now spoken in Quebec, Canada, many
Examples of endemic plants African and Caribbeancountries, and Pacific
• Central and South America: Islands.
• Avocado, chico, strawberries, corn, coffee, okra, ▪ English- now spoken in North America, Indian
tomatoes, tobacco,papaya, guava, calabasa sub-continent, many African countries, in
• Far East: Oceania, and in the Philippines. It is the most-
• Rice, durian, duhat, abaca, lychee, lanzones, widely spread language, and the international
rambutan, carabaomango, sugar cane, tea business language.
• South Asia:
• Cinnamon, Indian tree, Indian mango • Recently, these Asian languages are also starting to
• Middle East: spread globally:
• Dates, olives, pomegranate, fig • Japanese
• Mandarin
Because of Colonization... • Korean
• These plants got dispersed to other places
• Example: 3. Food and Beverage
• Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade • Due to colonization, trade, migration, and many
• Mexican fruits and vegetables entered the other factors,trademark food and beverage of
Philippines and weregrown here. many nations have spread world-wide.
• These plants got dispersed to other places • They are now available in specialized
• Example: restaurants, and supermarkets world-wide.
• Sugar and tobacco were grown in other Spanish • Today, Coca-cola has penetrated almost all (if
colonies not all) countries in theworld.
• Many say that it has surpassed the Gospel in
2. Language doing so.
• Before, languages were confined in their • We see the following foodworld-wide
respective “birth places” :• Hamburger• Spaghetti• Pizza• Sushi• Kimchi•
• Spanish- Spain Pancit• Pies• Tortilla• Nacho• Shawarma•
• Portuguese – Portugal Chocolates• Bibimbap
• English – England ▪ We see the following beverageworld-wide:
• French – France • Coca-cola• Coffee• Tea• Beer• Vodka• Tequila•
Red Wine• Soju
▪ Spanish- now spoken in Central America, and
most of South America 4. Sports
 • Before, certain sports were just confined in one Hinduism
country.
• Although Hinduism is still practiced mainly in
• USA- basketball, volleyball, baseball• England- India, its doctrines areglobally-spread out.
cricket, rugby• Korea- taekwondo• Japan- judo, • The following everyday terms we hear have
sumo, karate• China- kung fu• Thailand- sepak their roots in Hinduism:
takraw • Karma, reincarnation, next-life, past-life, soul-
• But due to colonization, mass media, and many
mate, yoga
other factors, these sports are now played world- • The Beatles have converted to Hinduism one
wide. time in their life.
• There are now world-governing bodies for most
of these sports like FIBA. Taoism
• They are even played in the Olympics. • Although Taoism was practiced mainly in China
• In China, there are over 300 million registered
and Korea, its beliefs are globally-spread out.
basketball players
• The following everyday terms we hear have
• These are the top 3 most popular sports in the their roots in Taoism:
world in terms of viewership: • Positive and negative vibes, feng sui, bagwa,
• 1st- football• 2nd- swimming• 3rd- basketball eternal struggle of goods evil
• The Taoism symbol is even on the old Pepsi logo
5. Religion and South Korean flag
• most of the world’s major religions originated in
Asia
Confucianism
• Judaism – Israel, since time immemorial
• Although Confucianism was practiced mainly in
• Hinduism – India, since time immemorial
China, Confucius’teachings are globally-spread
• Taoism – China, since time immemorial
out.
• Confucianism – China, c.500 BCE• Buddhism –
• The following have their roots in Confucianism:
India, c.500 BCE
• The Golden Rule, Chinese martial arts (hand-to-
• Christianity- Israel, 1st century CE• Islam –
hand combat)
Arabia, c.500 CE
• Confucius was against the use of weapons.
Thus, his followersdeveloped a fighting technique
Judaism without the use of weapons
• Today, Judaism has spread world-wide due to
the Jewish Diaspora.
• Some notable Jews:
 • In the 1990s, the only place that Christianity hasn’t
penetrated is the10-40 window

The 10-40 Window

• 10 degrees south latitude up to 40 degrees north
latitude.
• Mainly Asia and North Africa

The 10-40 Window

• But now, 30 years later, with the help of technology, and
recent geo-political developments, Christianity has taken
Buddhism great strides in bringingthe Gospel to these places.
• Although Buddhism was originally from India, it has
spread to theentire East Asia, most of mainland Southeast Today, we have seen the Globalization of
Asia, East Timor, and SriLanka • Plants
• Today we see lots of Buddha statues in many places and • Language
in homes • Food and Beverage
• Saying “Buddha bless you” when somebody sneezes • Sports
• Religion
Islam
• Although Islam was originally from Arabia, it hasspread
to the entire Middle East, North Africa, most ofinsular
Southeast Asia, and even in the Western World(Europe
and USA)
• It is one of the world’s fastest growing religions in
theWestern World as many westerners are attracted toits
strict and wholistic discipline
• Some Westerners who converted to Islam:

Christianity
• Christianity began with Christ and the first church in
Jerusalem (Acts 2)
• Today it has spread to almost the entire world.
• Of all religions, it is the most aggressive in spreading its
teachings toothers (Evangelization)• Christians believe
that Jesus commanded them to do so (Matthew 28)