© 2019 JETIR April 2019, Volume 6, Issue 4 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

SENSORS BASED EARLY WARNING SYSTEM

FOR LANDSLIDES
Shippu Sachdeva
School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering
Lovely Professional University, Punjab

Abstract: A landslide, also known as a landslip or mudslide, is a form of mass wasting that includes a wide
range of ground movements, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows. Typically,
pre-conditional factors build up specific sub-surface conditions that make the slope area prone to failure,
whereas the actual landslide often requires a trigger before being released. This system aims in creating an
autonomous Landslide detection using sensors, which detect the pre conditions of landslide then it will inform
the warning message to nearby disaster management officials , police station and etc.
Keywords: Landslide, Early warning system(EWS), sensors.

1. INTRODUCTION
A landslide is defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope. Landslides are a
type of "mass wasting," which denotes any down-slope movement of soil and rock under the direct
influence of gravity. Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall,
snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity,
disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors. In landslide prone areas, risk
mitigation must often face problems related to economical resources, environmental impact and logistic
issues. Early warning systems (EWSs) are cost-effective means to reduce the risk with a low
environmental and economical impact. In this paper an arduino based system is designed which detects the
landslide pre conditions in hilly or plateau region in order to save life of civilians. Sensors used are very
accurate as well as should pose high sensitivity so that even minor detection by it will trigger alarm and
broadcast message as early as possible to Nearby region and disaster management officials. It can also be
used during the landslide prediction mapping.

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© 2019 JETIR April 2019, Volume 6, Issue 4 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Block Diagram
This block diagram represents the various components of this system and how they are related to each
other.

Figure 2.1 Block Diagram

2.2 Circuit Diagram
In this circuit diagram,the connections of various components of this system are shown. The two main
sensors which are used to detect the pre conditions for landslide to be occurred are connected to arduino.
Also the other components like LCD display, GSM module etc are also shown connected with arduino.

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© 2019 JETIR April 2019, Volume 6, Issue 4 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)

Figure 2.2 Circuit Diagram

3. OPERATION
As we already discussed that landslide can be caused by multiple causes. These factors could be rainfall,
snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity,
disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors. In the proposed system we have used
two sensors that is water level sensor and other is accelerometer sensor. These sensors detects the water
level changes or can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt-sensing applications, as well as
dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration respectively. If any of the sensor will
detect the pre conditions of landslide then it will inform the warning message to nearby disaster
management officials , police station and etc. using GSM module.

4. CONCLUSIONS
Landslides is a serious threat to the civilians worldwide and also provide major challenges to agriculture,
flora and fauna, and infrastructure in specific regions(mainly hilly areas) all across the world. The design
implemented in this system is of a landslides early warning detection using sensors that is controlled by
Arduino is working satisfactorily. Landslide early warning detection can save hundreds of life of civilians.
Apart from saving life of civilians, it helps to save resources in specified regions.

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5. FUTURE SCOPE
 A future scope would be to install camera near sensor because it can provide real time image of
sensors conditions that is whether it is working properly or not, to check positions of sensor or
through camera it can be easily identified whether sensors are damaged or not.
 Another advancement which can be done is “Special bar code allocation with GPRS”. If any
vehicle or individual entering the landslide prone area then they should be provided with special
bar code so that if they are in danger or sensors detected the landslide preconditions then they can
be easily identified with exact location in order to save them from landslide.
 We can also use GPR sensor technology for the detection of Landslides in the future. GPR stands
for Ground penetration radar. This technology can help to detect the plate movements in ground
level. It can be also be able to things like slope elevation, soil degradation, ground water
phenomenon

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