EEE DEPARTMENT TCE GADAG

Experiment No: 01 Date: Cire

Design and Testing of Full wave -centre tapped transformer type and Bridge
type rectifier circuits with and without Capacitor filter. Determination of
ripple factor, regulationand efficiency
Aim: -To design and testing of Full wave -centre tapped transformer type and
Bridge type rectifier circuits with and without Capacitor filter. Determination of
ripple factor, regulation and efficiency
Apparatus Required:
SL.No Particular Range Quantity
1 Transformer 12V/19V 01
2 Diode(IN4001) 4
3 Resistor and capacitors 1KQ, 100uF 2
4 Multimeter
5 CROProbes 2 set
6 Bread Boardand connecting wires 1

Theory
Rectifier is a circuit which converts AC to pulsating DC. Rectifiers are
used in construction of DC power supplies. There are three types of rectifiers
namely Half wave rectifier, Centre tap full wave rectifier and bridge rectifier.
In half wave rectification, either the positive or negative half of the AC
wave is passed, while the other half is blocked. Because only one half of the input
waveform reaches the output, it is very inefficient if used for power transfer.
Afull-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of
rectification
constant polarity (positive or negative) at its output. Full-wave
is more
converts both polarities of the input waveform to DC(direct current), and
tap
efficient. Fullwave rectification can be obtained either by using center
transformer or by using bridge rectifier.
consists of ac ripples
The output of a rectifier is not a smooth DC it called
DC we use a circuit
therefore to convert this pulsating DC in to smooth
There are many types of filters like C filter, L filter, LCfilter, multiple LC
nlter.
most fundamental filter.
niter, nfilter etc..of all these C filter is the
Circuit Diagram:

D1
12V
T+
RL VO

230VI50Hz
HiAcf

12V
D2

Fig. 1.1 Circuit of full wave rectifier without filter

Vin Vout

VM

180 360

Fig. 1.2 Waveform for full wave rectifier without filter

V(NL) =
2V
VDC (NL) = ("NL) == V

Full-Load readings:
Peak Output Voltage, VM= V

VDc= 2VM =VDcFL)=

V
RMS-V2
VAC-Vy2
RMS DC

Ripple Factor y = VAC VDc

PDc= VBc/ RL=

RL
T+
VO
100 f
230VISOHz AC I.
12V
D2

Fig. 1.3Circuit of fullwave rectifier with capacitor filter

Ripple voltage
oV =V r(pp

Volts

Period TI2 -
Time (seconds)
Fig. 1.4 Waveformn for full wave rectifier with
filter
V NL)=

Full-Load readings:
Peak Output Voltage, VM= V

Ripple Factor y = VAC VDc

Vr(p-p)
VAC =
2V3

VeMs-Vy2 +V2
AC DC

Poc= Vhc RL=

PAC=VAMS/R, =
%n=(PDc/ PAC)100
Vpc
Dc
%Regulation (VDc(rL)
NL)-VDc(FL) * 100 =
230V 12V

D1 D3

230VI50Hz Ac
Ru
D4 02

Fig. 1.5Circuit of bridge rectifier without capacitor filter

VM

180 360 0 180 360

Fig. 1.6 Waveform for bridge rectifier with filter

230V 12V

D1 D3

230V150Hz Ac
RL
100 u
D2

Fig. 1.7Circuit of bridge rectifier with capacitor filter

Without Capacitor:
1. Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. Measure the voltage across the terminals when the resistor is open
circuited (No Load:-take it as VNL).
peak
3. Connect the load resistor across the output terminals and note, the
voltage from DSo(VM)
4. Repeat the above procedure for full wave rectifier and bridge rectifier.
5. Switch off the supply
With Capacitor:
1 Connections are made as shown in the Figure 2 for half wave rectifier
circuit with Capacitor.
2. Using DSOmeasure the voltage across the terminals when the resistor is
open circuited (No load: - take it as VNL) but capacitor is connected.
3. Connect the lo¡d resistor across the output terminals and note, the peak
voltage from DSO (VM)
4. Repeat the above procedure for full wave rectifier and bridge rectifier
with Capacitor.
5. Switch off the supply and remove the connections

Result:

Table 1.1 Comparison of Rectifier

Rectifier
Without Filter Without Filter
Type
Ripple Efficiency Regulation Ripple
factor factor Efficiency Regulation
FWR

BR
Conclusions:

Vive Voce

1. What is the function of abridge rectifier?

Preparation(4) Conduction(4) Result/Conclusion(5) Total(13)