COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, V.C.FARM,MANDYA-571405.

Student READY (Rural Entrepreneurship Awareness Development

Yojana) RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) 2023-24

WORK DONE REPORT ON CROP PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT

BIOTECHNOLOGY

SRA-411(0+4): CROP PRODUCTION AND CROP

IMPROVEMENTS INTERVENTIONS

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

DR.K.V.SHIVAKUMAR Students of RAWEP
Dept. of Crop Physiology & H HOSURU
Plant Biotechnology VILLAGE-3
Ms. Darshitha S R MANDYA
Dept. Of Plant Biotechnology
College of Agriculture
V.C.farm, Mandya.

1
 DEPARTMENT OF CROP PHYSIOLOGY AND PLANT
BIOTECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that IV B.SC.(Agri) 2023-24 students of RAWEP

Village has satisfactory completed student READY-Rural
Agricultural work Experience Programme prescribed by the
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, College of
Agriculture, V.C.farm, Mandya for the B.SC.Agriculture(Hons.)
programme conducted by Department of CROP PHYSIOLOGY &
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, College of Agriculture, V.C. Farm,
Mandya.

Date of submission: SIGNATURE OF THE COURSE TEACHER

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It's our pleasure in expressing our sincere gratitude

and thanks to the course teachers. College of
Agriculture,V.C.Farm, Mandya for your valuable
guidance, help and encouragement through the
course work.

Our special thanks to the Dr.K.V.SHIVAKUMAR,

Department of CROP PHYSIOLOGY & Department of
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, Ms. Darshitha S R,
Department of Plant Biotechnology and to College of
Agriculture ,V.C.Farm, Mandya and to the University
for giving us an opportunity to conduct the RAWE
programme during the course of our degree
programme.

Finally, we thank each and everyone who have

rendered valuable suggestions and service towards
the completion of this RAWEP 2023-24.

3
 STUDENTS ALLOTED TO H.HOSURU
VILLAGE

SL STUDENT NAME ID NUMBER

NO.
1. ANANYA .B. AMM0004
2. CHAITANYA .N. AMM0014
3. GURUPRASANNA .K.K. AMM0024
4. HARSHITHA NANDA AMM0027
5. HEMANTH KUMAR .K. AMM0028
6. KIRAN .R. AMM0035
7. RINKITHA J.H. AMM0057
8. SHUBHAM SHANKAR ALONI AMM0067
9. SOMMEY CHATURVEDI AMM0070
10. THANUJA .G.R AMM0082
11. VARSHINI .B.M AMM0086
12. YADHUKRISHNA AMM0090
13. SNEHA .K. AMH0086

4
 CONTENTS

SL.NO PARTICULARS PAGE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION TO RAWEP 06

2 VILLAGE DATA 07

3 PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED IN VILLAGE 08

4 ORIENTATION 09

5 CONTACT FARMER DETAILS 10-18

6 RSK ACTIVITIES 19

7 INFORMATION CENTRE 20

8 CROP MUSEUM 21

9 ACTIVITIES PERFORMED 22-30

10 CONCLUSION 31

5
 INTRODUCTION
The student READY programme aims to provide rural entrepreneurship
awareness , practical experience in real life situation in rural agriculture and
creating awareness to undergraduate students about practical agriculture
and allied sciences . The programme will help in building confidence , skill
and acquire indigenous technical knowledge ( ITK) of the locality and their by
preparing the pass out for self- employment .

The Rural Work Experience Programme is a very good opportunity for

students to get familiarity with life situations in the village , rural institutions ,
socioeconomic conditions of farmers and their problems to provide practical
training and crop production through work experience .

To facilitate confidence building among students trough role model . To

develop communication skills among students. Using extension methods and
teaching aids like Farm and Home visits , Method Demonstration , Result
demonstration , Group discussion meetings , Field tour , Exhibition etc.,

OBJECTIVES OF RAWE
 To help the students to get familiarity with rural life situations , socio
economic problems , cropping pattern of that locality .
 To provide an opportunity to students in practical training , diagnostic
skills and crop production trough work experience .
 To develop the communication skills among the students using
different extension methods and teaching aids .
 To provide an opportunity to work with agro-based institutions – KVK,
DATC , MCF.
 To facilitate confidence building among the students .
 To develop leadership talent among the students .
 To serve as agents of change by directly approaching the villagers for
accepting new ideas and adopt improved method of farming.

6
 STUDENTS PLACEMENT IN RURAL AREAS

As per the Rural Agriculture Work Experience , we were

allocated to the village H HOSURU of Raitha Samparka Kendra
(RSK) C A KERE which comes under Mandya District . As part of the
student rural placements , the students will be attached to RSKs
for a period of 12 weeks and we were allotted to Maddur Kasaba
RSK. As the direction of Coordinator two members were going to
RSK on rotation basis to provide technical guidance to the farmers .

OUR VILLAGE AT A GLANCE

As a part of our student RAWE programme, we were allocated to
H Hosuru village of Raitha Samparka kendra (RSK), C A KERE,
Mandya district.

In our village total 13 students were allotted, among which 7 were

girls and 6 were boys. In our village there were about 147 houses,
Total population of 626 among which 336 are male and 290 are
female.

This village comes under the zone -6, Southern

dry zone of karnataka with average rainfall of 650mm and most
of soil belongs to Red sandy loam.The source of irrigation is river
SHIMSHA for all the farmers under S I HONNALAGERE
Grampanchayat. Public institutions like school, Dairy , SHGs,
anganavadi etc.,.The geographical distribution of village
H.Hosuru is around 724 acres rainfed is about 444 acres whereas
280 acres is irrigated land in which Major crops cultivated
includes paddy,mulberry, sugarcane, ragi, coconut.

7
PROBLEMS THAT ARE IDENTIFIED IN THE VILLAGE
● Many farmers were unaware of the
new technologies related to agriculture
complete package of practice.
● They were not applying the recommended
dosage of fertilizers.
● They followed monocropping system.
● Labour problem is noticed.
● Many of the farmers were
unaware of the facilities available at the R.S.K.
● About 70% of the farmers in the
village have not got their land’s soil tested .
● No proper marketing facilities for the crops grown.

MAJOR ENTERPRISES OF THE VILLAGE

●Agriculture
●Sericulture
●Dairy
● Goat and sheep rearing

8
 ON CAMPUS ORIENTATION

We had on campus orientation on CROP PHYSIOLOGY by

Dr. K V Shivakumar Sir. He informed what are all the programs
have to carry out during our village stay are as follows

● Collect the information on use of growth regulators and micro-

nutrient formulations by the farmers
● Collect the information on availability of different growth
regulators and micro nutrient formulations and their trade
names with local input agencies
● Conduct demonstrations on the application of different growth
hormones for
1. Rooting of stem cuttings
2. Preventing dropping of flowers/flower buds
3. Increasing berry size in grapes
4. Increasing tuberisation in tuber crops
5. Regular bearing in mangoes

And also we had on campus orientation on PLANT

BIOTECHNOLOGY by Ms. Darshitha S R. She informed what are
all the programs have to carry out during our village stay are as
follows

 List all the flower crops & the crop for which tissue culture is
practiced
 Educate people about Tissue culture, Transgenic plants
 Assess the potentials & risks of Biotechnology
 Import the knowledge to the farmers on Biosafety regulation
for testing & release of genetically modified organisms

9
CONTACT FARMER DETAILS- STUDENT WISE

STUDENT NAME: ANANYA .B. AMM0004

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 MARIGOWDA 2 PADDY
SUGARCANE
MULBERRY
2 KARIGOWDA 1.25 PADDY
RAGI
MULBERRY
3 DODDASIDDEGOWDA 2.5 PADDY
MAIZE
SUGARCANE
MULBERRY
4 TAYAMMA 0.25 PADDY
5 H.G. MAHESH 30 PADDY
RAGI
SUGARCANE
COCONUT

10
STUDENT NAME: - CHAITANYA .N. AMM0014
SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)

1 VEERANNA GOWDA 2 PADDY

SUGARCANE
MULBERRY

2 PRASANNA 1 PADDY
SUGARCANE

3 PUTTEGOWDA 2.5 PADDY

SUGARCANE

4 PRASAD 1 PADDY
COCONUT

5 EREGOWDA 2 PADDY
SUGARCANE
MULBERRY

11
STUDENT NAME; GURUPRASANNA .K.K AMM0024

SL.NO FARMER LANDHOLDING CROPSGROWN

(ACRES)
1 KRISHNEGOWDA 1.5 COCONUT
2 PRASANNA 3 COCONUT

3 UMESH H.B 1.5 COCONUT

4 NAGENDRA 2.5 GUNTAS MULBERRY

5 MARIGOWDA 3 MULBERRY
PADDY
COCONUT

STUDENT NAME: HARSHITHA NANDA AMM0027

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 UMESH H S 7 PADDY,COCONUT,
SUGARCANE,
MULBERRY
2 RAMU H B 2 PADDY,COCONUT

12
3 RAJANNA H B 2 PADDY
COCONUT
4 YELLE GOWDA 23 GUNTAS SUGARCANE
5 PUTTE GOWDA 30 GUNTAS PADDY

STUDENT NAME: KIRAN .R AMM0035

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPSGROWN

HOLDING
(ACRES)
1 DODDAEREGOWDA 6 PADDY
MULBERRY
2 EREGOWDA 2.5 MULBERRY
SUGARCANE
3 NAGESH .H.E 1.5
MULBERRY
COCONUT
4 AKASH 3 PADDY
MULBERRY
5 RAMESH 2.5 PADDY

13
 STUDENT NAME; HEMANTH KUMAR .K AMM0028
LAND
HOLDINGS
SL.NO FARMER NAME CROPS
(ACRES)

1 SIDDARJU 3 MULBERRY
2
SHANKAR 4 MULBERRY
3 COCONUT
TEJU 2
4 MULBERRY
KARTHIK 2 SUGARCANE
5 PADDY
LAKSHMAMMA 4 MULBERRY

STUDENTNAME: RINKITHA .J.H AMM0057

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 MAHADEVA 5 MULBERRY
SUGARCANE
2 NAVEEN 2.5 SUGARCANE

14
3 NAGARAJU 6 COCONUT
4 BEERAPPA 10 GUNTAS
PADDY
5 DEVRAJU 2.5 PADDY

STUDENTNAME: SHUBHAM SHANKAR ALONI AMM0067

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 EREGOWDA 1 COCONUT
SUGARCANE
2 PRADEEP 1.15 MULBERRY
COCONUT
3 JAVAREGOWDA 4.5 MULBERRY
PADDY
4 MADEGOWDA 3 PADDY
COCONUT
5 RAJAMMA 2 PADDY

15
STUDENTNAME:THANUJA G.R AMM0082
SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDINGS GROWN
(ACRES)
1 MADAPPA 2 COCONUT
MULBERRY
NAPIER
2 RAJESH H M 1 SUGARCANE
3 SUSHEELAMMA 20 GUNTAS DIANCHA
COCONUT
4 BILI HEGDE 2 SUGARCANE
5 EREGOWDA 16 PADDY
MULBERRY

STUDENTNAME:VARSHINI B.M AMM0086

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 RAJENDRA 2.10 MULBERRY
PADDY
2 DEVEGOWDA 5 MULBERRY
RAGI
3 MAHADEVAMMA 2 SUGARCANE
4 H.M PUTTEGOWDA 3 SUGARCANE
PADDY

16
5 JAYAMMA 2 COCONUT

STUDENTNAME:YADHUKRISHNA K AMM0090
SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)

1 CHIKKASWAMI 1.5 COCONUT

SUGARCANE
2 SURESH 2 PADDY
3 UMESH H.B 20 GUNTAS MULBERRY
4 6 PADDY
DEVARAJU SUGARCANE
MULBERRY
5 NAGARAJU 4 PADDY
SUGARCANE
RAGI

STUDENTNAME: SOMMEY CHATURVEDI AMM0070

SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDING GROWN
(ACRES)
1 NAGARAJU 0.5 PADDY
COCONUT

17
2 MOGANNA 6 PADDY
MULBERRY
3 DODDAMEGOWDA 2.6 PADDY
4 PUTTEGOWDA 4.5 PADDY
MULBER-
RY
5 KARIGOWDA 1 PADDY
RAGI

STUDENTNAME:SNEHA K AMH0086
SL.NO FARMER LAND CROPS
HOLDI GROWN
NG
(ACRES)
1 DEVEGOWDA 3 SUGARCANE
MULBERRY
COCONUT
PADDY
2 MARISWAMY 2.5 COCONUT
PADDY
3 MANJULA 2.5 PADDY
MULBERRY
COCONUT
FRUIT CROPS
4 SIDDARAJU 1.5 SUGARCANE
5 NAGARAJU 2.5 PADDY
SUGARCANE
18
 RSK ACTIVITIES

As per our RAWEP guidelines we are involved in the

RSK MADDUR-KASABA activities. The AO of our RSK
has explained the activities conducted by them. After
that we involved in following activities.
⮚ We have given information about Growth
regulators and its importance
⮚ We have given information about Micronutrient
formulations
⮚ We have given information about the
procedures of applying growth hormones to crop plants
⮚ We have given information regarding the
different micronutrient sprays with their trade names

19
 INFORMATION CENTRE
 We were having an information centre which works
to provide certain information to the farmers
regarding cultivation of the crops.

 We prepared charts and displayed in our

information centre.

 We prepared all the required charts for farmers to

let know the farmers from farm to marketing.

 After Inauguration we allotted ourselves regarding

every subject to explain farmers about their farm.

20
 CROP MUSEUM

We established crop museum and performed

field day on 30-12-2023 in our village
H HOSURU.
As we took all the measures like seed treatment
before sowing and seedling dip before
transplanting.
Our crop museum was healthy without any
deficiency diseases.
We also installed AZOLLA and Vermicompost
pit in our crop museum.

21
ACTIVITIES PERFORMED- RAWEP
H HOSURU
Evening programmes
1.Nutrient deficiency symptoms and their
management (Date: 19/10/23)
We invited Dr.K.V.Shivakumar sir as resource person to
this programme.
Introduction of various Nutrients and Nutrients
Deficiency Symptoms and how to identify the deficiency
symptoms and their Management.
Orated by Varshini B M, Rinkitha J H
No. Of Farmers participated- 29

22
2.Improved Horticultural Practices
(Date: 10/11/23)
We invited Ms. Darshitha S R & Mrs. K Kavya as
resource person to this programme.
Introduction to Improved Horticultural practices, Tissue
culture in Horticulture was done
Orated by Chaithanya N
No. Of Farmers participated- 34

3. BANANA BUNCH FEEDING METHOD

DEMONSTRATION-

23
4.INM IN COCONUT-
Made a basin 3-4 ft away from the trunk, then add
recommended dose of fertilizers per palm/year.
• Urea :1.5kg • SSP: 2kg
• MOP:2.5kg
• Gypsum:2.5kg
• MgSO4:500g
• ZnSO4:75g
• Borax:70g
• Neem cake:5kg
• FYM:50kg
Dry land: apply once (May-June)
Irrigated-apply twice ( May-June ,Oct-Nov)
It should be distingly marked as poisonous. .

24
Basic Concepts of Plant Nutrition

Introduction :-
Plant growth and development depends on nutrients
derived from the soil or air, or supplemented
through fertilizer. There are seventeen essential
elements for plant nutrition, each with their own
functions in the plant, levels of requirement, and
characteristics. Nutrient requirements generally
increase with the growth of plants, and deficiencies
or excesses of nutrients can damage plants by
slowing or inhibiting growth and reducing
yield. Many deficiencies can be recognized by
observing plant leaves

25
Macronutrients used in large quantities by the plant
are :-
1. Structural nutrients: C, H, O
2. Primary nutrients: N, P, K
3. Secondary nutrients: Ca, Mg, S

Micronutrients: used in small quantities by the

plant are :-
Fe, B, Cu, Cl, Mn, Mo, Zn, Co, Ni

Defficiency symptoms

NPK deficiency symptoms observed in paddy:

26
NPK deficiency symptom in Sugarcane:

Management for Nitrogen deficiency:

1.Soil application of 25 % excess of recommended N.

2.Foliar application of Urea 1% at weekly interval till

the symptoms disappear

Management for Phosphorus deficiency:

1. Application of phosphobacteria to the soil as
seed coating or as seedling dip.
2. Application on P fertilizer 15-30 kg P/ha.
3. Rock phosphate broadcast before flooding
when soil pH is low.

Management for Potassium deficiency:

1. Soil application of 25% excess of recommended
K.
2. Foliar application of 1% KCL

27
Zinc deficiency symptoms, and iron
defficiency symptoms:

Management for zinc defficiency:

1.Broadcast ZnSO4 in nursery seedbed

2.Dip seedlings or presoak seeds in 2-4% ZnO

suspension.

3.It is enough to apply 12.5 kg zinc sulphate /ha, if

green manure (6.25 t/ha) or enriched FYMis applied.

4.Apply 25 kg of zinc sulphate with 50 kg sand

before transplanting.

Management for iron defficiency:

1.Apply solid FeSO4 (30 kg Fe/ha) next to rice rows
or broadcast.

28
2.Foliar applications of FeSO4 (2-3% solution) 2-3
applications at 2 week intervals.

3.Use acidifying fertilizers (e.g., ammonium sulfate

instead of urea) on high-pH soil

TISSUE CULTURE BANANA

 Tissue culture is the growth of tissues or cells
separate from the organism.
 This is typically facilitated via the use of a
liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium, such as
broth or agar, in vitro under sterile growing
conditions.
 Banana is typically propagated vegetatively;
thus tissue culture as a propagation technique
provides a robust means to prepare disease-free
planting materials that can provide the first line of
defense in developing an integrated disease-
management program for banana.
 Tissue-culture techniques established for
banana include shoot and meristem culture, callus
culture, somatic embryogenesis, cell suspension,
and protoplast cultures.
 However, commercial tissue-cultured banana
seedlings are not always conveniently available.
Larger-scale banana farmers may wish to establish
a banana tissue-culture facility in-farm to ensure
availability of disease-free seedlings for replanting
in conjunction with a practice of rogueing
(destroying) diseased plants.
29
30
31
Evening programme
Nutrient deficiency symptoms and their
management

32
Improved Horticultural Practices

33
Soil test report

34
35
36
 CO NC LUSI O N

Firstly we the students of RAWE V illage H HOSURU

regard our heartful thanks to the village selection
committee, DR.K.V .SHIV AKUM AR- DEPT . of CROP
PHY SIOLOGY & Ms. DARSHIT HA S R- DEPT . OF
PLANT BIOT ECHNOLOGY
T he whole journey taught us confidence, practical
exposure and good experience with farmer.
It was a very good experience to interact and learn from
farmers indigenous knowledge.
We specially thank farmers of HOSURU for supporting
us and being a part of our whole RAWEP journey.

FROM RAWEP ST UDENT S OF

V ILLAGE H HOSURU

37