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Math Cheatsheet

1. This document provides a math cheatsheet with common logarithm rules and identities, summation notation and rules, and special cases including Stirling's approximation, geometric sums, and harmonic numbers. 2. It defines logarithms, their properties, and common bases used in computer science like log base 2 (lg n) and the natural logarithm (ln n). 3. Rules for summations are given including how to sum constants, how to change the index of summation, and special formulas for summing integers, squares, and geometric and harmonic sequences.

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Yazeed Mohammed
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17 views

Math Cheatsheet

1. This document provides a math cheatsheet with common logarithm rules and identities, summation notation and rules, and special cases including Stirling's approximation, geometric sums, and harmonic numbers. 2. It defines logarithms, their properties, and common bases used in computer science like log base 2 (lg n) and the natural logarithm (ln n). 3. Rules for summations are given including how to sum constants, how to change the index of summation, and special formulas for summing integers, squares, and geometric and harmonic sequences.

Uploaded by

Yazeed Mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math Cheatsheet

A. Logarithms Notation:
b log n (no base) → used with
1. a = c → b = loga c De nition
orders of growth to
2. logb b = 1, logb 1 = 0 Special cases
indicate that the base is
x not important. Logarithms
3. logb( ) = logb x − logb y
y with di erent bases di er
4. logb(x × y) = logb x + logb y by a constant factor as
shown in the listed
5. logb x y = y × logb x Follows directly from the previous rule. identities.
logc x lg n → base 2.
6. logb x = Changing bases
logc b ln n → natural logarithm
logb y logb x
7. x =y (base is e)

8. b logb x = x Follows directly from the previous rule.

9. lg(n!) ∼ n lg n Stirling’s Approximation

B. Summations
n

∑
1. i =1+2+…+n De nition
i=1
n

∑
2. c =c +c +…+c =c ×n If c does not depend on i.
i=1
n n

∑ ∑
3. c × fi = c × fi
i=1 i=1
n n n

∑ ∑ ∑
4. fi + gi = fi + gi
i=1 i=1 i=1
n
n(n + 1)
∑
5. i =1+2+3+…+n =
i=1
2
n
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
i 2 = 12 + 22 + 32 + … + n 2 =
∑
6.
i=1
6
n
r n+1 − 1
r i = r0 + r1 + r 2 + … + r n =
∑
7. , r ≠1 Geometric Sum.
i=0
r −1
n n
Special cases of a geometric sum
i n+1
( 12 )i = 1+ 12 + 14 +…+ 21n ∼ 2
∑ ∑
8. 2 =2 −1 ,
(r = 2 and r = 0.5).
i=0 i=0
n n
1 1 1 1 1
∑i ∫1 i
9. =1+ + +…+ ∼ di = ln n Harmonic Number Hn.
i=1
2 3 n
fi
fi
ff
ff

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