R.A.
9299 Republic of the Philippines June 25, 2004
NEGROS ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSIT Y
NOHS (1907) I NOTS (1927) I EVSAT (1956) I CVPC (1983)
Kagawasan Ave., Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, Philippines 6200
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Main Campus II, Bajumpandan, Dumaguete City 6200
Air Conditioning Design
Engr. Marilou S. Tomentos
Faculty
College of Engineering and Architecture
by:
Luz, Wilfredo R. Jr.
Ajeto, Joshua Allen D.
OVERVIEW
Air conditioning is the method used to create and maintain certain conditions of interior
temperature, relative humidity, and air purity. Usually, this process is used in order to maintain a
certain level of personal comfort. Four essential variables need to be controlled for an air
conditioning system to function properly, despite of the outside weather: air temperature, humidity,
movement, and quality.
In this study, we will be designing an Air-conditioning system for a School Building located in
Sitio San Vicente, Barangay Cambagahan, Bais City, Negros Oriental. Also, we will include
calculations of the total cooling load considering the different factors affecting the study and with
that, we will be able to choose the most appropriate type of air-conditioning unit that will be used
in the infrastructure that is discussed.
I. Establishment Profile
Establishment: Kindergarten Classroom and School Office Building
Location: Sitio San Vicente, Brgy. Cambagahan, Bais City, Negros Oriental
Occupant: 20 persons/ students
Working Hours: 8hours
Type of Building: Double Room School bldg.
Total Floor Area:
Classroom: 61.1302 m²
Office: 61.1302 m²
Wall Type: Concrete
Windows: Double Sliding Glass
Doors: Wood
II. Floor Plan
III. Air Conditioning Design Factors
A. Formula
1. Heat gained by the walls, window and doors
Where:
q = heat gained, W
𝛥𝛥T = change in temperature, K
k = thermal conductivity of the material, W/m-K
A = area of walls, m²
t = thickness, m
2. Heat Gained by Solar Energy through a Glass Window
Where:
A = area, m² exposed to sun
SHGF = solar heat gained factor for single sheet of clear glass, W/m-K
SC = shading coefficient
CLF = cooling load factor
3. Internal Heat Gain from Lights
Where:
Fu = utilization factor (fraction of installed lamps in use)
Fb = ballast factor of fluorescent lamps usually 1.2 for common fluorescent fixtures
CLC = cooling load factors for lightning
B. Computation for the Heat Gained
Building material type:
Wall = Cement
Door = Wood
Windows = Glass
Average room temperature in the Philippines base on the building materials:
Outer = 32ׄ°C
32ׄ°C + 273 = 305 K
Inner = 25°C
25°C + 273 = 298 K
∆𝑻𝑻 = 305 K – 298 K
=7k
1. Classroom
Wall: Concrete
Door material: Wood
Window type: Double sliding glass
a. Heat transfer of the walls (both classroom and office)
Wall: 61.1302 m²
t= 0.3m (concrete)
k= 1.28 W/m-k (standard concrete thermal conductivity)
ΔT= 7 k
Solving for q:
(7)(1.28)(61.1302)
𝑞𝑞 = [ 0.3
]x 2
= 3651.5106 W
b. Heat transfer by the floor ( both classroom and office)
Floor:
Area: 56 m²
t= 0.2m (concrete)
k= 1.28 W/m-k (standard concrete thermal conductivity)
ΔT= 7 k
(1.28)(7)(56)
𝑞𝑞 =
0.2
= 2508.8 W
c. Heat transfer of the doors (both classroom and office)
Room Doors: A= 1.9 m² (4)
Total Door Area: A= 7.6 m²
ΔT= 7 k
t= 0.0381 m
k= 0.2 W/mK (standard wood thermal conductivity)
Solving for q:
(7.6)(7)(0.2)
𝑞𝑞 =
0.0381
= 279.265 W
d. Heat transfer of a Window (both classroom and office)
Window Type: Double Sliding Glass
A= 9 m² (total area of window openings) x 2 = 18 m²
t= 0.0127 m
k= 0.96 W/ 𝑚𝑚−𝐾𝐾 (standard glass thermal conductivity)
ΔT= 7 k
Solving q:
(18)(0.96)(7)
q=
0.0127
= 9524.41 W
e. Heat gained by solar Energy through a glass window (both classroom and office
Based on the design of the building, the entrance and exit faces east where sun rises. Means both
windows of the classroom and office were exposed during morning, same as the opposite side, both
windows will be exposed in the afternoon. Therefore, the 4 specific windows will be receiving heat
from the sun for 4 hours.
Types of window glass used: Double Sliding Glass
Thickness: t = 0.0127 m
Area per window: 9 m² (2) = 18 m²
Using formula: qsg = A (SHGF) (SC) (CLF)
SHGF = 230 W/ m-K
SC = 1
CLF = 0.16
Solving for q:
q = (18 m²) (230) (1) (0.16)
= 662. 4 W
f. Internal heat gain from lights (both classroom and office)
q = (lamp capacity) (Fu) (Fb) (CLC)
No. of lights available:
8 (LED lights 20W)
Solving for q:
q = (2) (20)(1) (.83) (.73)
= 96.944 W
g. Heat Gained from appliances (Classroom)
Appliances Quantity Wattage Diversity Load (W)
Flat Screen TV 1 240 0.50 120
Electric Fan 2 60 0.65 39
Laptop 1 120 0. 40 36.5
Total Heat Gain 195.5
Head Gained from appliances (Office)
Appliances Quantity Wattage Diversity Load (W)
Flat Screen TV 1 240 0.50 120
Electric Fan 2 60 0.65 39
Laptop 4 120 0. 40 40.5
Printer 2 50 0. 33 9.9
Total Heat Gain 209.4
h. Heat gain by occupants (Classroom)
Based on the class hours, 20 students are scheduled to take the morning class while another 20
scheduled in the afternoon. Assume that 10 of them are seated at rest and the remaining half are
seated and doing very light work in both morning and afternoon class.
Table 1. Heat gain for occupants with various activities
Sensible heat of occupants:
60 (10) = 600 W
65 (10) = 650 W
Latent heat of occupants:
40 (10) = 400 W
55 (10) = 550 W
Heat gain by occupants (Office)
Based on the working hours, this room is occupied by 7 teachers. Assume that 3 of them are
seated doing lightwork typing, 2 of them are standing, light work or walking slowly, and the
remaining 2 are seated at rest.
Sensible heat of occupant:
75 (3) = 225 W
90 (2) = 180 W
60 (2) = 120 W
