MOTION & CONTROL” Large Super-TF Bearings A revolutionary combination of longer service life and superior resistance against wear, seizure and heat.Outstanding toughness, performance and economy — NSK technology sets a new standard for long service life Outstanding Performance NSK’s Large Super-TF Bearings have been especially designed for outstanding toughness under harsh conditions PRC Sead De ea ee ee nea technology, they combine long service life under contami- nated lubrication with good resistance to wear, seizure and heat. In comparison with bearings made of conventional Gee at re to Seed Ree eee ae ee eed ame Se en eC Reg Cea a Cece SR cae are eR ey Cea eu ee oy Ca eR) SN ee eu ed pang Applications of Large Super-TF Bearings Large Super-TF Bearings are ideally suited to a wide range cof applications requiring long service lfe under contami- eee ee me aac ad applied toa wide range of bearing types, including cylindr- cal and tapered roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, deep-groove ball bearings, and angular-contact ball Ce ea sed tapered roller bearings for rolLneck bearings in tee! or ‘aluminum roling mils, where they are subject to scale COLarge Super-TF Bearings and TF Technology In is quest for longer bearing service life, NSK has spent many years analyzing the mechanisms of fatigue in bearings under various conditions, and researching and developing materials and heat treatment processes. The range of approaches to achieving longer service life taken by our research team are shown in Fig. 1. The technology incorporated in our Large Super-TF Bearings is designed to maximize service ife under conditions where bearings are subject to surface-originating flaking, Fig. 1 Approaches to achieving longer service lite in bearings GOAL: Lovoca Senvice Lite PROBLEMS I a] APPROACHES | =] Redcton ofonmsaiccksions Hear TaeaTMent Harnig of bearing sto Ccarbuizaton Cee] PRODUCTS & ‘SOLUTIONS Special meting proces sto Solution svengthened by ating nitogen ‘SEALED-CLEAN TRANSINSSION Aci applications Contsmination-esitant bearings Hghelabity xpcaons [Row Seuce0-CLein TERED Rouea Beans3|NSK The Development of Super-TF Bearings The problem: Contaminated lubrication conditions Bearings may be required to operate under clean or ity conditions; under dirty conditions their lubricating ols. easily contaminated. Metal particles or casting sand in the lubricating ol make dents in the contac surfaces, AS shown in Fig. 2, stress is concentrated around these dents ‘and eventually eads to cracking and to suface-originating flaking. The concentration of stress around a dent is expressed by the equation [P/Po & (rc), where"! is the radius at the shoulder ofthe dent and "2c" isthe shoulder-to-shoulder width ofthe dent. The greater the value of ‘lc, the smaller the stress concentration and the longer the service life ofthe bearing. The solution: TF technology NSK isa world leader in the research and development of material properties to reduce the concentration of stress around surface dents. As shown in Fig. 3, our work has, revealed that a high level of retained austenite is an extremely effective means of maximizing the r/c value around surface dents in the bearing material. TF technol ogy isa unique heat treatment process developed by NSK to optimize the evel of retained austenite in bearing materials, tis the basic technology incorporated in Super- ‘TF Bearings and is patented in the United States of ‘America (USP4904094) and Germany (DE3922720C2), Material Properties of Large Super-TF Bearings ‘As we have seen, the approach to achieving long service life taken in NSK's Super-TF Bearings is to minimize the concentration of stress around the shoulders of surface dents. A high level of retained austenite helps to maximize the value oe and redue the concentration of tess around dents. However, austenite itself has a soft stucture and reduces the hardness ofthe bearing material. In order to meet the seemingly conflicting needs for greater hardness o the bearing materia and a higher lvelot Fig. 2 Concentration of stress around a surface dent PELE Lutte 20 2 x A 3 / Defect Shoulder ‘Abitrary Smooth Profle Prt ht tt Po Stress at iniity 40 2 range ovr hh ora prose dvs not tf) nae pecs wit cere Pa} rads ofcuva of ura cent) 102039 4080 x/b ‘Sue: ¥.P. Chi and YL TaneASME, SA 170 Fig. 3. Relationship of rfc value to retained austenite level 19 oa 4° ° s £ oa . o2 7° Jee a ow = 0% 0 Retained austenite level retained austenite, we decided to adopt a technique that ‘would promote the uniform distribution and reduce the clameter of carbide and carbonitide particles in the bearing material. To this end, our researchers developed a new type of steel named SAC2, containing appropriate quanti ties of chrome and molybdenum, which are used inthe formation of carbides and nitrides, and have developed ‘new carburization and carboritriding heat treatment techniques that form finer carbide and carbonitride particles. NSK holds some 10 patents regarding these techniques in Japan and overseas, including two in the United States of America, USP4871268 and USP5137375, Fig. 4 shows the surface structure ofa Large Super-TF Bearing withthe even distribution of fine carbide and carbonitrde particles obtained with the new material and heat treatment. For comparison, Fig. 5 shows the surface of an ordinary carburized steel bearing. Figs. 6 and 7 show the results of image analysis of Figs. 4 and 5. From Fig. 6, itis clear thatthe Large Super-TF Bearing has more and finer carbide and carbonitrde particles. Fig. 8 shows that the formation of finer carbide and carbonitride particles gives Super-TF Bearings greater hardness and higher retained austenite levels than TF Bearings. As a result, Large Super-TF Bearings achieve a high nf value (Fig. 9). Figs. 4,5 Distribution of carbides and carbontides in a Largo ‘Super-TF Bearing (Fig. 4) and ordinary carburized stool ‘bearing (Fg. 5) (24000 magnitcaton) Fig.6 Average dameter of carbide and carbone aricies ina Large Super-TF Bearing 500] 400] 300] 200] Number of particles 109} Fig.7-_ Average cameer of carbide particles in an_ ordinary carburized stee! bearing so = a re § 2m 8 Bo 2 Fig.8Rolationshipof materia hardness and Super TF Boating Number of panies: 845 ‘Area of sample: 400 une 0204 08 08 10 4244 ‘Average dlameter of carte and catbonice partes (ilitte 0204 06 08 49 12 14 Average diameter of carbide and caboniida particles Seon ma 800} oe To 4 By aro. i 2 ange o % pean), a Fig.9 Change orf value under repeated stress 4s Hie vake 0 20 Ey 7 Retained aust evel #3 (© super TF ate yansos swe Tiveece 0 0 0 Number of repetiions of stress NSK| 4Characteristics of Large Super-TF Bearings Large Super-TF Bearings not only achieve longer service Fig. 10 ae to eee bearings under contami- ‘Service life under boundary lubrication conditions Fig. 13 Service life tests with boundary lubrication lfe under contaminated lubrication, but also offer higher 9% Under boundary lubrication conditions where there is r resistance against peeling, wear, seizure and heat. In insufficient EHL fim, metal sufaces come into direct “Test concstons addition, they also achieve outstanding cost performance, 7 ‘contact, reducing bearing Ife. Fig, 13 shows the resuts °° | etna a0 fe —_ dened! as cois wee ag eee Service life under contaminated lubrication conditions. § 2 Pee alee film parameter A, which represents the rato ofthe a F Table 1 and Fig, 10 show the results of service life tests, fe poe eee thickness ofthe oil film to the roughness of the surface, $ . ‘conducted under contaminated lubrication conditions with" face WO pom is very small (A=0.3). When A is very small, peeling B10 _ NSK L44649/10 tapered roller bearings. Ifthe service life Ss odanuyeaanliaa damage occurs (Fig. 14), but in Super-TF material, the 4 a + a (Lo) of an ordinary carburized steel bearing of his type is ae Concentration of stress around the projections of the 8 gee al taken as 1, then the life of TF and Super-TF Bearings will 5 7 7 % contact area is reduced, giving a service life approxi 3 esner | be respectively 4.5 and 10.2 (Table 1). NSK's Large Sane is ‘mately 5.5 times that of ordinary carburized steel 1 sac epttone alee 2 Super-TF Bearings thus offer over ten times the service life bearings. of ordinary carburized steel bearings. Service life is lg. 11 Comparieon of service ito: — {generally affected both by the conditions in which the ‘under contaminated lubrication Fig. T4' Posting daresge bearing is used and by the amount of contamination in the ‘ence Wo dor oramiaied wrenon ose lubricant. Under harsh conditions, service life may falltoas | litte as 1/5 ofthe catalog life. Large Super-TF Bearings for the first time assure a service Ife under contaminated lubrication that exceeds the catalog lf of existing products (Fig. 11). Table 1 Comparison of service life of L44649/10 : a 2 ™~ | Fig. 15 pach? ei ena bearings at 160°C tapered roller bearings Ordinary carburized steel Heat resistance Goateg mel Crdery coated see) TE StpeeTh Fig. 15 shows the results of service life tests “ se | Germ = ical | conducted with 6208 bal bearings at 160°C under so) ence ad clean lubricating conditions. The resus ofthe test sot Pea eat es pelea eeteeos igen reveal that Super-TF Bearings (heat-resistant Besides extending service life under contaminated lubrica- ‘mou specications) have apprerimatahy 4 ties tho. : tion conditions, another goals to increase the beating's oe serve feof SULPXD6 tel bers. : resistance to wear and seizure by ensuring the dispersion g asin 2 7 of a large number of fine carbides and nitrides in the 3 i beeing material. Fg. 12 presents theresuls ofa Sawin = 4 é Hi ‘type wear test, showing the degree of wear and the seizure & p limit for ctferent types of bearing material, The test reveals = " 5 that Large Super-TF Bearings have superior wear resis» * tance to both SUu2 steel and TF Bearings. Super-TF Bearings are also 40% more resistantto seizure than both 9 ‘ - = a ‘SUW2 steel and TF Bearings. Tic ied = ey One Tain 5|NSK NSK| 6Worldwide Sales Offices eK YADOUARTERS, TORT, sow eco RSC BOUTE armica cero ero, Asia and Oceania AERareero, east ee me, sees. oueeraon CHAE noe meant Teen sven oonoeuan 6618 _aiatGiagana Wax PRECISION MACHINERY EO. CTD. SHEE kt eeanmos.co..re oe i hit Feomovoov conte 1NBK GHanaHan TRADING Co., Lt Ca "0Uieseranve omens tp Se nSieieliiay mvestmenr co., Ufo. 28400 See 1S SSeS NSREHIRAsaLes cote. STS "EE OEen nanan, EO “Emoooront mao St Ne ie eezaean re PERS Beannas manuracruna moowesia, KSi8Konea co. 10. ss Seem me Ease “ine Swe REReaAwore. cerpsae BAe CE sng RgRFEwaTiowaL (smcarone Pre Lro. 155 She ware 0 vein som.s9 ERR NSK PRECISION co. eames FINGS (THAILAND) 60, LTD, 2 = tosracrome rs ers se suivoreenma vorens cB (ipe ett Cues ae scence Stier ones Bernese se omasarr scounee bextortre sy oo mone cnn 102400 NEgWEE FernaunG cmon [NSK EUROPEAN DISTRIBUTION CENTRE BV. watt iat Drsasatoa7 SK EUROPEAN TecwwoLoay cenTeR POLAND oFNCE gk'seeninc sysrents EUROPE (poLsK) 37.200. — bey = a MEERA URORSLT ss cipccscesit ea ie ote 005-129 Se eseon vcero, 5 e1so6 605.423, Noe S¥Ecrna svsrems eunore Wi6, Wasenens e- ole-soe 800 North and South America ASERMERIGRS NE. OUEAICAN Heaoquaerens nn rear eee Sra Te a cep USES 8 Nae CONN es aus nak-com NEKPRECISION AMERICA, Ne. wa.npa nko Na STEGHngsveTeus AMERICA,NC. wanenesaascort NSKCATIN amen, ne. Siwwcasnakcor 'NSK Lid. has @ basic policy not to export any products o technlogy designatod as controled ioms by export lated laws, When exporting the products this Breshure, the laws of tho exporting courtly mast bo cbsorved. Speciicabons are subject to change’ ‘witout notice and without ny obligation onthe part ofthe ‘manufacturer. Every care has boen taken fo ensure the accuracy of the data contaned In thie brochuro, but ne labity Gan be accepted for any loss or damage [Suffored tough tore or omissions. We wll gatetuly acknowledge any adaons or coractons. For more information about NSK products, pl contact: Printadon 100% recycled paper. (CAT. No.E1203a 2007 C-12 Printed in Japan ONSK Ltd. 1995