Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Lab Report - 01
Semester: Summer 2023
Course Number: CSE 209
Course Title: Electrical Circuits
Section: 04
Experiment Number: 01
Experiment Title: Introduction to Circuit Elements and Variable
Group Number: 08
Group IDs: 2022-160-291
2022-1-60-368
2022-1-60-049
2022-1-60-351
Date of Performance: 14 june, 2023
Date of Report Submission: 21 june, 2023
Submitted by
Tasnim Saima Raita
2022-1-60-291
Objectives of the Experiment:
1. To get familiar with circuit variables and circuit elements .
2. To learn how to measure DC voltage across a circuit element using a voltmeter.
3. To learn how to measure DC current through a circuit element using an ammeter.
4. To learn how to measure resistance of a resistor using a multimeter.
5. To verify Ohm's Law.
Circuit Diagram:
Answer(s) the Post-Lab Report Questions:
1. Theoretically calculate the values of I using measured values of V and R.
Compare the theoretical values with the measured values and comment on any
discrepancy.
Answer:
Calculations:
Observation Set value of E Measured value Measured value Measured value
number (V) of v(V) of I (mA) of R(kΩ )
1 5 4.9 V 4.85 mA 0.978 kΩ
2 6 5.9 V 5.8 mA 0.978 kΩ
3 7 7V 6.95 mA 0.978 kΩ
4 8 8V 8 mA 0.978 kΩ
5 9 8.9 V 9 mA 0.978 kΩ
6 10 9.9 V 9.95 mA 0.978 kΩ
We know,
From Ohm’s Law, Voltage V=IR or, I=V/R
Observation Measured value of v Measured value of I=V/R mA
number (V) R (kΩ )
1 4.9 V 0.978 kΩ 5.01 mA
2 5.9 V 0.978 kΩ 6.033 mA
3 7V 0.978 kΩ 7.157 mA
4 8V 0.978 kΩ 8.18 mA
5 8.9 V 0.978 kΩ 9.1 mA
6 9.9 V 0.978 kΩ 10.123 mA
Comments:
By comparing both the measured and theoretical values it is seen that there are some
variations in the values but the readings were taken according to the instruments. So,
there are some errors in the instruments.
2. Theoretically calculate the values of R from the measured values of V and I
using Ohm's law. Compare the calculated and measured values of R and
comment on any discrepancy.
Answer:
Calculations:
We know,
From Ohm’s Law, Voltage V=IR or, R=V/I
Observation numberMeasured value of v Measured value of I R=V/I kΩ
(V) (mA)
1 4.9 V 5.01 mA 0.978 kΩ
2 5.9 V 6.033 mA 0.978 kΩ
3 7V 7.157 mA 0.978 kΩ
4 8V 8.18 mA 0.978 kΩ
5 8.9 V 9.1 mA 0.978 kΩ
6 9.9 V 10.123 mA 0.978 kΩ
Comments:
So, measuring values and theoretically calculating the value of R is the same.
3.Compare the set value of E and the measured value of V and comment on any
discrepancy.
Answer:
Observation number Measured value of v (V) Set value of E (V)
1 4.9 V 5
2 5.9 V 6
3 7V 7
4 8V 8
5 8.9 V 9
6 9.9 V 10
Comments: By comparing both the values it is seen that the set values in the DC
power supply are almost the same.
4. Plot V vs. I (taking I as independent variable) and fit a straight-line passing
through the origin. From the plot determine the resistance of the supplied resistor
using Ohm's law Compare this value with the measured value and comment on
any discrepancy.
Answer:
Plot: 1
Here, x1❑=0 ,❑ y1❑=0❑
x2=4.85 ,❑ y2=4.9❑
y 2− y 1❑❑
∴ Slope = = 1.01 kΩ
x 2−x 1❑❑
∴ Resistance = 1.01 kΩ
Thus, here the measured values and the theoretical values are not accurate.
5.Discuss how voltage or current is measured using a multi-range meter.
Answer:
A multi-range meter can measure current easily by breaking into the circuit. When using
a digital multimeter, the main selector switch needs to be set to the correct
measurement type and range. It is important to choose a range that is higher than the
expected reading to prevent overloading the meter. Optimizing the range allows for the
best reading, ensuring that all leading digits are nonzero and providing the maximum
number of significant digits. After taking the current measurement, it is recommended to
place the probes in the voltage measurement sockets and set the range to maximum
voltage as a precaution to avoid damaging the meter if accidentally connected to a high
voltage point.
Result:
After comparing the theoretical & measured values of I. V. R, we found that there are
some changes with the values. This change is caused by instruments.
Conclusion:
While doing the experiment, utmost care was taken in order to take the readings very
carefully. The circuit was connected very carefully to prevent short circuits. Lastly by
doing the experiment, we have gained practical knowledge about how to work with
circuits.
