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What Is Arduino

The document discusses Arduino, microprocessors, and microcontrollers. It then provides details on: - Several types of microcontrollers including PIC, ARM, 8051, AVR, and MSP microcontrollers. - Several types of prototyping microcontrollers including Raspberry Pi, Arduino Uno, Arduino Nano, and Makeblock mCore. - Components of the Arduino board including the Arduino Uno, DFRduino Uno V3.0, and colored headers indicating power, analog, and digital input/output ports.

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58 views

What Is Arduino

The document discusses Arduino, microprocessors, and microcontrollers. It then provides details on: - Several types of microcontrollers including PIC, ARM, 8051, AVR, and MSP microcontrollers. - Several types of prototyping microcontrollers including Raspberry Pi, Arduino Uno, Arduino Nano, and Makeblock mCore. - Components of the Arduino board including the Arduino Uno, DFRduino Uno V3.0, and colored headers indicating power, analog, and digital input/output ports.

Uploaded by

natashathania06
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is Arduino?

LESSON 1

• Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that is easy-to-use hardware and software. This board
can read inputs with sensors like light, sound, range, touch, pressing a button, or typing a command that
turns into an output like activating an LED, motor, or displaying characters on a screen.

What is a Microprocessor?

• A microprocessor is a small electronic device that contains the function of the control and logic
operations of a digital computer or known as the Central Processing Unit

What is a Microcontroller?

• A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit that includes a processor, memory, and input and
output peripherals

Characteristics Microprocessor
• Microprocessors work at very high speed.
• They are small.
• Microprocessors are programmable.
• They are expensive due to integrated circuit
technology.
• Power usage is very low due to metal oxide
semiconductor technology usage.
• Reliable, failure rate is very low.
• Lower heat generation as semiconductor
devices emits very less heat.
Microcontroller
• Slow speed of operation.
• It uses a micro-CPU using a lower frequency.
• Peripherals (timers, counters, etc.) are embedded in the chip.
• Suitable for bit-wise operations.
• Less expensive.
• Boolean operations are supported.
• Use in real-time applications
Several Types of Microcontrollers in an Embedded System

• PIC Microcontroller, PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller), is a kind of microcontroller that can be used
in electronics, robotics, and other similar devices. PIC unit has a built-in data memory, data bus, and
dedicated microprocessor for preparing all I/O devices.

• ARM Microcontroller, ARM (Advanced RISC Machine), is the most popular Microcontrollers
Programming in the digitally-embedded system world. Most industries prefer to use only ARM
microcontrollers since it has a significant feature to implement products with an excellent appearance. It
has a cost-sensitive and high-performance device used in various applications such as Industrial
Instrument control systems, wireless networking, sensors, automotive body systems, etc.

Several Types of Microcontrollers in an Embedded System

• 8051 Microcontroller, 8051 microcontrollers were created by Intel in 1981. It is an 8-bit


microcontroller. It is made of 40 pins DIP (Dual inline package), 4kb of ROM storage, 128 bytes of RAM
storage, and two 16-bit timers. It consists of four parallel 8-bit ports, which are programmable and
addressable as per the specification.

• AVR Microcontroller, AVR (Alf and Vegard's RISC Processor), was modified by Harvard architecture
machine where programs and data were stored in a separate physical memory system that appears in
different address spaces but can browse information from program memory victimization in particular
directions.

• MSP Microcontroller, MSP (Mixed Signal Processor), is from the family of Texas Instruments. Built
around a 16 -bit CPU, the MSP is designed for low-cost and low-power dissipation embedded
statements. The controller's appearance is directly related to the 16-bit data bus, seven addressing
modes, and the decreased instructions set, which allows a shorter, denser programming code for fast
performance

Several Types of Prototyping Microcontrollers

• Raspberry Pi is a bank-card-sized single-board computer that can be used in many applications. It has
the capability of a regular desktop. It can be connected to a monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
• Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on a microchip. It has 20 digital I/O pins. It is designed to
make electronics accessible to everyone interested in electronics and programming.

Several Types of Prototyping Microcontrollers

• Arduino Nano is a compact micro board powerful enough to hold 16 MHz of frequency, which is the
same as Arduino UNO; however, it does not have a DC power jack.

• Makeblock mCore is a microcontroller that powers the mBot, with built-in I/O components like RGB
LED, buzzer, light sensors, motors, and other communicating devices.

The Arduino Board

• Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins
(six pins can be used as PWM outputs), six analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. (BLACK ONLY SIDE-SIDE)
The Arduino Board LESSON 2

• DFRduino Uno V3.0 is a small computing board used for academics or development projects. It is a
simple microcontroller board that is fully compatible with the Arduino Uno R3 and Arduino IDE open-
source development environment. (2GREEN LEFT, BLUE AND RED OTHER SIDE)

• DFRduino microcontroller headers have different colors to feature I/O ports of different types:

• Red for Power Section.

• Blue for Analog I/O

• Green for Digital I/O.

Parts of the Arduino Microcontroller

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