TIPDIL DENEME 13

1. - 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 5- Getting eight hours of sleep each night is
uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz. ------ for skin and well-being, as it resets stress
hormones like cortisol and repairs your
1-Obesity leads to infertility in both men and complexion.
women because excess estrogen ------ with
normal ovulation in women and alters A) exhausting
spermatogenesis in men.
B) crucial
C) disastrous
A) deals
B) interferes D) preventive
C) cease E) offensive
D) associates
E) emerges 6- When skin is stretched or wounded, new
collagen fibers form at the stressed spots as
2- Infants born with LBW have added health part of the healing process, ------ marks.
risks which ------ close management, often in a
neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A) making out
B) falling apart
A) inhibit C) leaving behind
B) remain D) taking after
C) suggest E) getting over
D) eradicate
E) require 7- During the winter, most people ------ from
seasonal affective disorder, a mental condition
3- Antibiotics can be effective for neonatal ------ by major mood changes.
infections, especially when the pathogen is
quickly ------ . A) suffer / characterized
B) will suffer / to characterize
A) regretted C) would suffer / to be characterized
B) regulated D) have suffered / characterizing
C) persisted E) suffered / characterize
D) widened
E) identified 8- Many diseases that ------ death in the past
------ through the use of vaccines now.
4- Healthcare professionals suggest safer sex,
such as the use of condoms, as a / an ------ way A) have caused / could be prevented
of decreasing the risk of contracting sexually B) will cause / may be prevented
transmitted diseases. C) cause / should be prevented
D) had caused / had to be prevented
A) irreversible E) caused / can be prevented
B) reversible
C) reliable
D) obstructive
E) sensitive

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9- In the last decade, science ------ that 13- ------ you have been exposed to an
meditation, when correctly practiced, ------ infected person, the chicken pox vaccine can
lasting benefits for your physical, emotional, protect you if you receive the shot within 72
and mental health. hours.

A) has confirmed / offers A) Because

B) had confirmed / offered B) However
C) confirms / will offer C) Even if
D) will confirm / had offered D) Unless
E) is confirming / has offered E) Whereas

10- Exercise causes micro-tears in your 14- There are various causes and types
muscles, ------ is a good thing because as they of dementia ------ they have certain
repair over several days, your muscles grow characteristics in common.
stronger.
A) although
A) where B) since
B) whose C) as
C) who D) instead
D) which E) after
E) of which
15- It is thought that the consequences of
11- Some have long thought that a virus is famine are ----- physical and psychological -----
involved in some cases of obesity, ------ the economic.
idea is still controversial.
A) neither / nor
A) so B) such / as
B) but C) so / that
C) because D) both / and
D) if E) as / as
E) in case
16- ------ some specialize in one particular
12- Research has shown that depression has aspect of orthopaedics, such as hand surgery
increased by up to 48% ------ the consumption or joint replacements, other orthopaedic
of trans and saturated fats over time. surgeons maintain a general practice.

A) despite A) As if
B) instead of B) As long as
C) because of C) Because
D) so that D) Whereas
E) as if E) Despite

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 TIPDIL DENEME 13

17- Although the type and extent of the loss of 19-A) of

function depend ------ the amount and location B) without
of damage to the spinal cord, the damage may C) among
usually result ------ interruption of the flow of D) between
sensory information. E) for

A) upon / from 20-A) so

B) over / for B) but
C) with / of C) for
D) in / onto D) nor
E) on / in E) and

18- The risk of being diagnosed ------ 21-A) instead of

depression over time has been shown to B) due to
increase ------ 48% with the rise of the C) despite
consumption of trans and saturated fats. D) as well as
E) as long as
A) of / into
B) with / by 22-A) can be made
C) on / for B) will have been made
D) in / around C) should make
E) by / to D) had to be made
E) would be made
18. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük 23-A) moreover
veya ifadeyi bulunuz. B) even if
C) however
Diphtheria is usually spread (19) ------ people by D) for example
direct contact or through the air. It may also be E) that is
spread by contaminated objects. Some people
carry the bacterium without having symptoms,
(20) ------ can still spread the disease to others.
The three main types of C. diphtheria cause
different severities of disease. The symptoms
are (21) ------ a toxin produced by the
bacterium. Diagnosis (22) ------ based on the
appearance of the throat with confirmation by
microbiological culture. Previous infection may
not protect against future infection, (23) ------, a
diphtheria vaccine is effective for prevention
and available in a number of formulations.

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24. – 34. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 26- If you’ve been in contact with any wildlife or
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. unfamiliar animals, particularly if you’ve been
bitten or scratched, ------ .
24- Hippocrates was first to describe many
diseases and medical conditions, ------ . A) there are several things you can do to protect your
pet from rabies
A) thus, he was reluctant to administer drugs and B) anybody can’t tell whether an animal has rabies by
engage in specialized treatment just looking at it
B) in contrast, Soranus said that Hippocrates learned C) you should talk with a healthcare professional to
medicine from his father and grandfather determine your risk for rabies or other illnesses
C) but, even so, he taught and practiced medicine D) more than 90% of reported cases of rabies in
throughout his life animals occur in wildlife
D) for example, he is given credit for the first E) rabies would be a fatal but preventable viral
description of clubbing of the fingers, an important disease
diagnostic sign in chronic lung disease
E) yet, he separated the discipline of medicine from 27- ------, in other words, the bacteria can be
religion, believing and arguing that disease was not a spread to other people.
punishment inflicted by the gods
A) TB disease in the lungs or throat can be infectious
25- ------, however, Spanish flu pandemic had B) In many countries, TB is much more common than
unusually higher mortality for young adults. in the United States
C) Air travel itself carries a relatively low risk of
A) The 1918 Spanish flu was the first of three flu infection with TB of any kind
pandemics caused by H1N1 influenza A virus D) Not everyone infected with TB bacteria becomes
B) Outside Spain, the disease was misnamed sick
“Spanish influenza” E) If not treated properly, TB disease can be fatal
C) The first wave of them lasted from the first quarter
of 1918 and was relatively mild 28- ------, moreover, you can also get infected
D) Historical and epidemiological data cannot identify through contact with stool or respiratory
the geographic origin of the Spanish flu secretions from an infected person.
E) Most influenza outbreaks disproportionately kill the
young and old with a high survival rate A) Viruses that lead to colds can spread from infected
people to others through the air and close personal
contact
B) Most people get colds in the winter and spring
C) People with weakened immune systems may
develop serious illness, such as bronchitis or
pneumonia
D) Antibiotics will not help you recover from a cold
caused by a respiratory virus
E) Flu symptoms are worse than the common cold

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29- Though COVID-19 outbreaks have occurred in 32- ---- despite meeting our energy or calorie
school settings, ------ . requirements.

A) protection against exposure remains essential in A) Most people have a good understanding of the
school settings effects of nutrition on our physical health
B) schools should work with local public health B) The contribution of diet to physical health status is
officials of great importance for many people
C) vaccination is the leading public health prevention C) Daily calorie intake should be made up of calories
strategy to end the COVID-19 pandemic from a variety of foods
D) transmission rates within school settings are D) Dietary intakes high in fat or sugar can frequently
typically lower than community transmission levels be low in essential vitamins and minerals
E) Only a small proportion of fully vaccinated people E) The food we eat plays an important role in our
get infected even with the Delta variant physical and emotional well-being

30- Two doses of the vaccine are about 90% 33- Caffeine is regarded by many as the best way
effective at preventing chickenpox in others ------ . to give you a quick boost, ------.

A) because you protect yourself and others in your A) for there are some lesser-known natural
community alternatives to consider
B) but CDC recommends two doses of chickenpox B) yet one should be aware of its side effects that
vaccine for children, adolescents, and adults come with excessive consumption
C) if they had ever had a life-threatening allergic C) so natural energy boosters can help increase
reaction to a previous dose of chickenpox vaccine energy production in cells
D) while some people who are vaccinated against D) even though caffeine has long been known for its
chickenpox may still get the disease boost-giving effect
E) therefore, children whose parents have one of E) although it reduces oxidative stress and supports a
these conditions should be screened before getting reduction in tiredness
chickenpox vaccine
34- Because the body’s temperature control
31- Most people ------ can use dieting in system is overloaded, ------ .
combination with physical exercise to lose
weight. A) heat stroke was the most serious heat-related
illness
A) that are divided into four categories B) heat exhaustion is a milder form of heat-related
B) that many fad diets are based on highly restrictive illness
or unusual food choices C) people suffer heat-related illness
C) whether dietary cholesterol is only found in animal D) their skin may be cool and moist
products E) this sweating depletes the body’s salt and moisture
D) whose aim was to maintain or improve overall
health
E) who are overweight or obese

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35. – 41. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye 37- Although sleep generally.is a vital aspect of
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz. the physiological functioning of humans and
other organisms, there is no single function
35- Only in recent years, with the advance of served by sleep.
technologies like fMRI, have Neuroscientists
begun to figure out how and why we dream. A) Uyku genellikle insanların ve diğer organizmaların
fizyolojik fonksiyonunun önemli bir boyutu olmasına
A) fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelisimiyle, sinir bilimciler rağmen uykuda belirlenen tek bir fonksiyon yoktur.
nasıl ve neden rüya gördüğümüzü ancak son yıllarda B) Uyku genellikle insanların ya da diğer
anlamaya başlamışlardır. organizmaların fizyolojik fonksiyonunun önemli bir
B) Sadece fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişimi sayesinde, boyutu olmasına rağmen uyku ile sergilenen tek bir
sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya gördüğümüzü son fonksiyon yoktur.
yıllarda anlamaya başlamışlardır. C) Uyku çoğunlukla insanların ve diğer
C) fMRI gibi teknolojiler ancak son yıllarda gelişmiş ve organizmaların fizyolojik fonksiyonunun önemli bir
böylelikle sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya boyutu olsa da uyku tarafından sergilenen tek bir
gördüğümüzü anlamaya başlamışlardır. fonksiyon bile yoktur.
D) fMRI gibi teknolojilerin gelişmeye başlamasının D) Uyku genellikle insanların ve diğer organizmaların
ardından sinir bilimciler nasıl ve neden rüya fizyolojik fonksiyonunun önemli bir boyutu olsa da
gördüğümüzü ancak son yıllarda anlayabilmiştir. uyku tarafından sergilenen tek bir fonksiyon yoktur.
E) Sinir bilimcilerin nasıl ve neden rüya gördüğümüzü E) Uyku genellikle insanların veya diğer
ancak son yıllarda anlayabilmeleri, fMRI gibi organizmaların fizyolojik fonksiyonununda önemli bir
teknolojilerin gelişimiyle mümkün olmuştur. boyut olsa da uyku tarafından sergilenen tek bir
fonksiyon yoktur.
36- Canned goods are the backbone of an
emergency food supply because they can be
stored without refrigeration and eaten without
being heated.

A) Konserve kutulu ürünler acil durum yiyecek

temininin belkemiğidir çünkü buzdolabı olmadan
depolanabilir ve ısıtılmadan yenebilir.
B) Buzdolabı olmadan depolanabilen ve ısıtılmadan
yenebilen konserve kutulu ürünler acil bir durumda
yiyecek temininin belkemiğini oluşturur.
C) Acil durum yiyecek temininin belkemiğini oluşturan
konserve kutulu ürünler, buzdolabı olmadan
muhafaza edilebilir ve ısıtılmadan yenebilir.
D) Yiyecek temininin belkemiği olan conserve kutulu
ürünler, buzdolabı olmadan depolanabildiği ve
ısıtılmadan yenebildiği için acil durumlarda
kullanılabilmektedir.
E) Konserve kutulu ürünler buzdolabı olmaksızın
depolanabilmesi ve ısıtılmaksızın yenebilmesi gibi
özellikleriyle acil durum yiyecek temininin
belkemiğidir.

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38- Though there is a common perception that the 39- Fibromyalgia is a common disorder that has
bumps on the tongue may be the taste buds, they only recently received recognition by the medical
are so small that it is not possible to see them by community, and although it is not totally curable,
a microscope. it can be greatly improved with lifestyle changes.

A) Dildeki şişliklerin tat tomurcukları olabileceğine dair A) Ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince tanınırlık
genel bir algı olmasına rağmen onlar okadar kazanmış yaygın bir rahatsızlık olan fibromiyaljinin
küçüktürki onları bir mikroskopla görmek mümkün tam tedavisi olmasa da bu rahatsızlık yaşam
değildir. tarzındaki değişikliklerle büyük oranda iyileştirilebilir.
B) Dildeki şişliklerin tat tomurcukları olabileceğine dair B) Fibromiyalji tamamen tedavi edilemez bir
genel bir yargı olmasına rağmen onlar bir mikroskopla hastalıktır ve ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince
görülemeyecek kadar küçüktürler. tanınırlık kazanan bu yaygın rahatsızlık yaşam
C) Dildeki şişliklerin tat tomurcukları olabileceğine dair tarzındaki değişikliklere büyük oranda iyileştirilebilir.
genel bir algı mümkün olmamasına rağmen onlar C) Fibromiyalji ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince
okadar küçüktürki onları bir mikroskopla görmek te tanınırlık kazanmış yaygın bir rahatsızlıktır ve
mümkün değildir. tamamen tedavi edilebilir olmamasına rağmen yaşam
D) Dildeki şişliklerde tat tomurcukları olabileceğine tarzındaki değişikliklerle büyük oranda iyileştirilebilir.
dair genel bir düşünce olmasına rağmen onlar okadar D) Fibromiyalji tamamen tedavi edilemeyen yaygın bir
küçüktürki onları bir mikroskopla dahi görmek rahatsızlıktır ancak yaşam tarzındaki değişikliklerle
mümkün değildir. büyük oranda iyileştirilebildiğinden son zamanlarda
E) Dildeki şişliklerin tat tomurcukları olacağına dair tıp çevrelerince tanınırlık kazanmıştır.
tatgın bir algı olmasına rağmen onlar çok küçüktür bu E) Fibromiyalji ancak son zamanlarda tıp çevrelerince
yüzden onları bir mikroskopla görmek mümkün tanınırlık kazanmıştır fakat bu yaygın hastalık, yaşam
değildir. tarzındaki değişikliklerle büyük oranda iyileştirilebilse
bile tam tedavisi yoktur.

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40- Fair skin makes a person more likely to 41- When people try to stop using caffeine, they
develop skin cancer, but only if he or she has may feel headache and fatigue, but these
prolonged exposure to intensive sunlight. symptoms can be controlled by gradually
reducing the amount of caffeine consumed.
A) Bir kişi uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına maruz
kalırsa, açık tenli olması bu kişinin cilt kanserine A) Kafeini bırakmaya çalışan insanlar baş ağrısı
yakalanma riskini artırır. ve yorgunluk gibi belirtiler gösterebilir ama bu belirtiler
B) Bir kişinin uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına maruz tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli olarak azaltılarak
kalınca cilt kanseri olma olasılığı yalnızca bu kişi açık kontrol edilebilir.
tenliyse artar. B) İnsanlar kafein kullanmayı bırakmaya
C) Açık ten, bir kişinin cilt kanseri olma ihtimalini çalıştıklarında baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk hissedebilirler,
artırır ama ancak kişi uzun süre yoğun güneş ışığına ama bu belirtiler tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli
maruz kalmışsa. olarak azaltılarak kontrol edilebilir.
D) Açık tenli kişilerin cilt kanserine yakalanma ihtimali, C) İnsanların kafein kullanmayı bırakmaya
yalnızca uzun bir süre yoğun güneş ışığına maruz çalıştıklarında yaşadıkları baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk
kaldıklarında artar. hissi gibi belirtiler tüketilen kafein miktarı kademeli
E) Yoğun güneş ışığına uzun süre maruz kalmak, cilt olarak azaltılarak kontrol altına alınabilir.
kanserine yakalanma olasılığını artırırken, açık tenli D) İnsanlar tüketilen kafein miktarını kademeli
bir kişide bu olasılık daha yüksektir. olarak azaltarak baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk gibi belirtileri
kontrol altına alabilir ve böylece kafein kullanmayı
bırakabilir.
E) Tüketilen kafein miktarını kademeli olarak
azaltarak bırakmaya çalışan insanlar yine de bu
dönemde yoğun baş ağrısı ve yorgunluk gibi belirtileri
hissedebilir.

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42. – 48. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye 43- Dişlerin rengini parlatma süreci olan diş
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz. beyazlatma birçok sebepten dolayı zamanla dişler
zayıfladığında çoğunlukla arzu edilebilir ve diş
42- Özellikle de sıcak havada egzersiz yapan minesinin iç ve dış rengini değiştirerek
çoğu insan yeterince su içmedikleri konusunda başarıllabilir.
daha endişelidirler ancak çok su içmek te
tehlikeli olabilir. A) Tooth whitening which is the process of lightening
the color of teeth is desirable when teeth become
A) Most people, especially those who exercise yellowed for a number of reasons, and must be
in hot weather, are more concerned those not achieved by changing the intrinsic or extrinsic color of
drinking enough water, even so, drinking too the tooth enamel.
B) Tooth whitening is the process of lightening the
much water will also be dangerous.
color of teeth and it is often desirable when teeth
B) Most people, especially those who exercise in hot
become yellowed over time for a number of reasons,
weather, are more concerned about not drinking
and is achieved by changing the intrinsic or extrinsic
enough water, however, drinking too much water may
color of the tooth enamel.
also be dangerous.
C) Tooth whitening which is the process of lightening
C) Although most people, especially those who
the color of teeth is often desirable when teeth
exercise in hot weather, are more concerned about
become yellowed over time for a number of reasons,
not drinking enough water, drinking too much water
and can be achieved by changing the intrinsic or
may also be dangerous.
extrinsic color of the tooth enamel.
D) Most people, especially those who exercise in hot
D) Tooth whitening that is the process of lightening
weather, are more cautious about not drinking much
the color of teeth is always desirable after teeth
water, however, drinking too much water could be
become yellowed over time for a number of reasons,
dangerous.
and can be achieved by changing the intrinsic or
E) Most people, who exercise in hot weather, are
extrinsic color of the tooth enamel.
likely to be concerned about not drinking enough
E) Tooth whitening which is the process of lightening
water, but, drinking too much water may also be
the color of teeth is often desirable when teeth
dangerous.
become yellowed over time for several reasons, and
can be achieved due to changing the intrinsic or
extrinsic color of the tooth enamel.

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44- Balkabağındaki beta-karoten adı verilen güçlü 46- Enfekte olan bir kişiye maruz kaldıktan sonra
antioksidanlar, hastalıkla mücadele etmeye ve bile su çiçeği aşısı, aşıyı 72 saat içinde olursanız,
DNA hasarını önlemeye yardımcı olur ve vücutta sizi koruyabilir.
A vitaminine dönüştürülerek sağlıklı gözleri
destekler. A) Even if you receive the shot within 72 hours, the
chicken pox vaccine will protect you after you have
A) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin that help been exposed to an infected person.
fight disease and prevent DNA damage are called B) You will be protected against even the chicken pox
beta-carotene, which is converted to Vitamin A in the if you are vaccinated within 72 hours after exposure
body and supports healthy eyes. to an infected person.
B) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called C) The chicken pox vaccine can protect you even if
beta-carotene, help fight disease and prevent DNA you receive the shot after 72 hours of exposure to an
damage, and they support healthy eyes by being infected person.
converted to Vitamin A in the body. D) Only if you receive the shot within 72 hours, will
C) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called the chicken pox vaccine protect you even when you
beta-carotene, help fight disease by preventing DNA have been exposed to an infected person.
damage, and they are converted to Vitamin A in the E) Even after you have been exposed to an infected
body to support healthy eyes. person, the chicken pox vaccine can protect you if
D) Beta-carotene, the powerful antioxidants in you receive the shot within 72 hours.
pumpkin, helps fight disease, prevents DNA damage,
and supports healthy eyes as it is converted to 47- Akupunktur ağrı dahil olmakla farklı
Vitamin A in the body. semptomların tedavisi için bir Çin terapi
E) The powerful antioxidants in pumpkin, called metodudur ve dünya etrafında birçok doktor
beta-carotene, are what help fight disease and tarafından kullanılmaktadır.
prevent DNA damage, and they are converted to
Vitamin A in the body, which supports healthy eyes. A)Acupuncture is a Chinese therapeutic method
for the treatment of different symptoms including
45- Zaman içinde trans ve doymuş yağ pain and it is used by many doctors around the world.
tüketiminin, depresyon teşhisi konulma riskini % B) Acupuncture is a Chinese therapeutic method
48'e kadar arttırdığı görülmüştür. for the treatment of different symptoms including
pain, moreover, it has been used by many doctors
A) The risk of being diagnosed with depression over around the world.
time has been shown to increase by 48% with the rise C) Acupuncture not only is a Chinese therapeutic
of the consumption of trans and saturated fats. method for the treatment of different symptoms
B) it has been shown over time that consuming high including pain but also it is used by many doctors
amounts of trans and saturated fats may increase the around the world.
risk of depression by 48%. D) Acupuncture which is used by many doctors
C) The consumption of trans and saturated fats over around the world is a Chinese therapeutic method
time has been shown to increase the risk of being for the treatment of different symptoms including
diagnosed with depression by up to 48%. pain.
D) Research has shown that depression has E) Acupuncture is a Chinese therapeutic method
increased by up to 48% because of the consumption for the treatment of different symptoms including
of trans and saturated fats over time. pain and it was used by some doctors around the
E) Consuming trans and saturated fats may increase world.
the risk of being diagnosed with depression by as
much as 48%, as it has been shown by research over
time.

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48- 250.000’in üzerinde bireyler her yıl

Kanada’daki hastanelere kabul ediliyor ki bu da
aslında diyare’nin dünyada ne kadar yaygın
olduğunu gösterir.

A)Almost 250,000 individuals are admitted to

hospitals in Canada every year, which in fact
proves how common diarrhoea cases are in the
world.
B) Because over 250,000 individuals are admitted to
hospitals in Canada each year, this shows how
common diarrhoea cases are in the world.
C) Over 250,000 individuals are known to be admitted
to hospitals in Canada each year, and this implies
how common diarrhoea cases are in the world.
D) Near 250,000 individuals are admitted to
hospitals in Canada every year, which shows how
common diarrhoea cases may be in the world.
E) Over 250,000 individuals are admitted to
hospitals in Canada each year, which indeed
shows how common diarrhoea cases are in the
world.

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49.-68. arasindaki soruları metinlere göre 50- We can understnad from the passage that ---- .
cevaplandırınız.
A) glucose is lost hrough urine and this must be
Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by replaced with another resources
altering the glucose level in the blood. With the B) increasing the quantity of insulin released by the
exceptions of insulin, most GLP receptor agonists pancreas is a way used in the treatment of type 2
(liraglutide, exenatide, and others), and pramlintide, C) Amylin agonist analogues slow gastric emptying
all are administered orally and are thus also called and suppress glucagon.
oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic D) there has been growing evidence that the
agents. There are different classes of anti-diabetic effectiveness and safety of drugs could depend on
drugs, and their selection depends on the nature of genetic variability of the patients
the diabetes, age and situation of the person, as well E) blood glucose levels must be measured by the
as other factors. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a disease patient
caused by the lack of insulin. Insulin must be used in
type 1, which must be injected. Diabetes mellitus type 51- It can be understood from the passage that -- .
2 is a disease of insulin resistance by cells. Type 2
diabetes mellitus is the most common type of A) diabetes mellitus type 1 has a reverse relation with
diabetes. Treatments include agents that increase the insulin
amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, increase B) treatments abates loss of glucose
the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, decrease the C) further studies is needed to determine proper
rate at which glucose is absorbed from the treatment in diabet
gastrointestinal tract, and increase loss of glucose D) many factors play a role in selection of anti-
through urination. Several groups of drugs, mostly diabetic drugs
given by mouth, are effective in type 2, often in E) insulin is an endogenous hormone, which is
combination. produced by the pancreas

49-According to the passage, ----- . 52- The word “ alter “ refers to:

A) insulin is not used orally in the treatment of diabtes A) accelerate

B) insulin is more effective in the treatment of B) revise
diabetes C) modify
C) pramlintide was the first widely used oral anti- D) intensify
hyperglycemic medications E) arise
D) Glucagon-like peptide (GLP) agonists bind to a
membrane GLP receptor
E) All drugs are effective both in type 1 and type 2 in
the same way

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The term of carbohydrate is most common in 54- It is said that some bacteria ------ .
biochemistry, where it is a synonym of saccharide, a
group that includes sugars, starch, and cellulose. A) have the highest carbohydrate levels
Relatively high levels of carbohydrate are associated B) resist some foods
with processed foods or refined foods made from C) are found in the cell walls of all plants
plants, including sweets, cookies and candy, table D) can digest cellulose
sugar, honey, soft drinks, breads and crackers, jams E) are classified according to three different
and fruit products, pastas and breakfast cereals. characteristics
Lower amounts of carbohydrate are usually
associated with unrefined foods, including beans, 55- Which could be the best tittle for this
tubers, rice, and unrefined fruit dubious. Animal- passage?
based foods generally have the lowest carbohydrate
levels, although milk does contain a high proportion of A) associations between carbohydrate and nutrition
lactose. Organisms typically cannot metabolize all B) the importance of glucose
types of carbohydrate to yield energy. Glucose is a C) synonyms of carbohydrate
nearly universal and accessible source of energy. D) sweet foods used in nutrition
Many organisms can easily break down starches into E) high carbohydrates levels
glucose; most organisms, however, cannot
metabolize cellulose or other polysaccharides like 56- The word “ accessible “ refers to:
chitin and arabinoxylans. These carbohydrate types
can be metabolized by some bacteria and protists. A) unclear
B) vogue
53- It is stated in the passage, ------ . C) prosperous
D) instinctive
A) level of carbohydrates depends on some factors E) approachable
such as foods and drinks
B) low level of carbohydrates can be found in
unrefinded foods and soft drinks
C) by reducing the intake of sugary foods, we can
increase the level of carbohydrates in our body
D) carbohydrates perform numerous roles in living
organisms
E) sugars appear in human diet mainly as table sugar

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Statistics show that significant percentages of the 58. It is understood from the passage that
populations of developed countries use alternative medicine deals with not only disease
complementary and alternative medicine. In the itself, but also ----.
United States, according to a 2004 National Institutes
of Health survey, 36 percent of Americans used A) how much the treatment will cost
complementary and alternative medicine as a form of B) an overall well-being of the body and mind
therapy. Women are more likely than men to use C) the elimination of side effects
complementary and alternative medicine. The trend D) women's health in particular
toward using complementary and alternative medicine E) the advancement of conventional medicine
and natural compounds has significantly increased
in past decades. An important season for this trend is 59. One can infer from the passage that
the belief that these therapies will have fewer side conventional medicine ----.
effects. Another important factor is a vision of health
as a state of complete physical, mental, and social A) has fewer side effects than alternative
well-being, not merely the absence of disease. İn medicine
contrast to conventional medicine, which treats the B) is generally applied in certain serious diseases
body like a highly complex machine, alternative C) views health primarily as absence of disease
medicine emphasises the importance of the balance D) is not the most preferred type of treatment
of mental, physical, and spiritual aspects. Simplicity, E) adopts an oversimplistic approach to human
availability, and lower prices compared to modern Health
medications also contribute to the use of alternative
medicine. 60-The word “ significantly “ refers to:

57. Which of the following is true about alternative A) highly

medicine in the US? B) interestingly
C) obviously
A) Americans are using alternative medicine more D) adversely
than any other nations. E) quickly
B) People are turning to alternative medicine mainly
because it is cheaper.
C) The side effects of alternative medicine are still
being researched.
D) Most people still believe that conventional
medicine has fewer side effects.
E) Most people still believe that conventional
medicine has fewer side effects.

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Medical treatment today primarily takes the form of

drugs and therapy. But a third option is slowly 62. Which of the following is not true about
emerging: on-body, digital devices that can treat both 'wearable' devices?
mental and physical conditions. Such 'wearable'
therapy offers unique advantages in that it is often A) They are highly recommended by medical
more targeted, can be more affordable, personalised professionals in the USA.
and has fewer negative side effects. Mobile and B) They can be personally adapted for the user.
wearable devices such as phones or fitness trackers C) They have fewer side effects than other
are now routinely used for preventive health. They methods of treatment.
monitor physiological data and behaviour, increase D) They are within a reasonable price range.
self-awareness and encourage habitual change. E) They are now used to detect and monitor
They are also starting to be used by medical illnesses.
professionals to diagnose and monitor diseases. So
far, the use of these devices for intervention and 63. According to the passage in the future, ----.
treatment has been limited to apps that have
reminders to exercise, guide people through A) the use of mobile and wearable devices will be
meditation and mindfulness, or provide support for extended to different areas
cognitive behavioural therapy. In the future, especially B) cognitive behavioural therapy will be the first
in the USA, this technology will expand into a bigger field to make use of wearable devices
world. C) digital health technologies will place more
emphasis on mental health
61. According to the passage digital devices on D) wearable devices will take the place of
the body ----. medical professionals
E) wearable devices will focus on optimising
A) may have various usages and advantages treatment rather than prevention
B) are effective in treating exclusively physical
conditions 64-The word “ encourage” refers to
C) work best when they are used with drugs
D) are likely to eliminate drug therapy A) allow
E) might be less efficient in diagnosing rare B) promote
disorders C) deter
D) enlarge
E) imply

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The idea that trillions of bacteria are swarming over 66. It is stated in the passage that to Maczulak ----.
your skin and through your body is enough to give
anyone the creepy crawlies. The word bacteria at first A) bacteria are strictly bound to humans in order to
glance may not recall something functional, but the survive and reproduce
fact is that they are an essential part of life on earth. B) the economic gains from bacteria must not be
Just as humans cannot live without carbon, nitrogen, underrated
protection from disease and the ability to fully digest C) bacteria must have played a significant role in
their food, they cannot live without bacteria, said the formation of life on earth
Anne Maczulak, a microbiologist. She adds, the earth D) we owe much to bacteria for the availability of
would probably still be the barren wasteland as it was water on earth
4.6 billion years ago, if bacteria had never showed up. E) the risks that bacteria pose overweigh their
They started everything and could very well end benefits
everything just as quickly. Bacteria also play a role
cycling another important substance for human life: 67. We can gather from the passage that bacteria
water. In recent years, scientists from Louisiana State -----.
University have found evidence that bacteria
represent many, if not most, of the tiny particles that A) play a major role in the downfall of rain or snow
cause clouds to precipitate into falling snow and rain. by triggering particles in someway
B) must be studied more extensively than it is being
65. It is maintained in the passage that there is carried out today
close relation between bacteria and ------. C) reveal functional deficits to the human body,
primarily to the digestive system
A) the formation of many diseases both on humans D) are thought to contribute to the precipitation to
and animals some extend
B) various environmental concerns such as the E) are organisms that are mostly unknown to most
level of precipitation people today
C) health hazards such as bacterial infections
D) the industry and the exploitation of organisms for 68. The pronoun “ they “ refers to:
economic purposes
E) the essential ingredients for humans to maintain A)crawlies
life B) something
C) bacteria
D) the word bacteria
E) people

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69- When making a conscious effort to memorize 71- Being healthy and fit in simple terms means
something, such as information for an exam, many taking good care of the body. We should remember
people are involved in “rote rehearsal.” ------. But, this that a healthy mind resides only in a healthy body.
type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there Good health of both mind and body helps one
are no interruptions. As soon as a person stops maintain the required energy level to achieve success
rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to in life. ------ . Moreover, having proper food and sleep
disappear. are too vital.

A) Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to A) Healthy diet consists of taking a proper and
pass information from short term to long term memory healthy food
B) A better way is to practice “elaborate rehearsal B) Doing regular exercises are some of the important
C) rote rehearsal is an unnecessary interruption instances that define a healthy lifestyle
D) By repeating something over and over again, we C) Unhealthy lifestyle leads to substance abuse
are able to keep a memory alive D) Living on nutritional foods can be expensive
E) It can be filed along with other pre-existing long E) Too much exercise can lead to muscle loss
term memories
72- Plastic surgery, or cosmetic surgery, is the
70- ------. The liver makes it from saturated fats in science of changing the way a person looks by
food. Cholesterol enters the blood and is carried reshaping a part of the body. It also includes
around by proteins. These combinations of replacing the skin of people who have been burned or
cholesterol and proteins are called “lipoproteins”. lost a part of the skin in another kind of misfortunate,
There are two main types of lipoproteins-low density such as accidents. The science of beauty has
protein and high density protein. Fatty deposits build changed with time. ------. People have always desired
on the walls of arteries when low density protein to look more beautiful and fashionable.
undergoes a chemical process called 'oxidation' and
is taken up by the cells in the coronary artery walls A) Therefore, rhinoplasty, the reshaping of the nose,
where the narrowing process begins. immensely improves a person’s appearance
B) It was more popular in the past, but today it has
A) High density protein removes cholesterol from lost its popularity
circulation C) But the desire for beauty remains the same
B) Eating a healthy diet can help to reduce your D) Wth lasers, it can be done faster and less painful
cholesterol level E) This can lead to heart attacks and strokes
C) The ratio between the two proteins is important to
us
D) Cholesterol is a fatty substance which is mainly
made in the body
E) Cholesterol has been recently investigated more in
detail

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73- Dementia is a condition characterised by a 75-76. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla

chronic decline in cognitive functions contrasted with okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü
a person’s usual state of functioning. It is seen most bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
often in people 65 years and older, and the incidence
increases with age. There are various causes and 75- (I) Zebrafish could become a powerful tool for
types of dementia but they have certain identifying the best chemotherapy to kill a
characteristics in common. ------. Also, they may particular patient's cancer. (Il) Biologists Rita Fior
have trouble with visuospatial processing, such as and Miguel Godinho-Ferreira injected tumour cells
getting lost in familiar places. Language may be from cancer patients into zebrafish larvae and
affected, causing difficulty in finding the right word to tested them with the same chemotherapy on the
use in a sentence. patients. (Ill) Mice bred with human tumours have
also been used for similar tests, but this process
A) However, the onset of dementia is usually is more expensive and can take months. (IV) The
insidious, making it difficult to diagnose until it is too results correctly predicted whether the drugs
late for effective treatment. would work in four of the five patients. (V) Fior
B) Therefore, recognition of the condition is often and Godinho-Ferreira have recently expanded the
delayed as the affected person may not notice that study to include more patients and other types of
anything is wrong. cancers.
C) To illustrate, Alzheimer's disease is the most
common type of dementia in North America and A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Europe.
D) For example, persons with dementia often have 76. (I) Celiac disease ---- also known as celiac sprue,
problems with short-term memory, such as forgetting or sometimes simply sprue ---- is a chronic
names and recent events. autoimmune disease that affects the small
E) But dementia may also be caused by problems intestine, the main organ that absorbs food into
such as cerebrovascular accident or hypertension. the body. (Il) People with classic celiac disease
cannot digest the gluten found in wheat and other
74- All adults need a biennial eye exam, or an grains. (Ill) The Greek physician Aretaeus of
annual one if they are over 60. A 2018 study by Cappadocia wrote the first account of the disease
the Canadian Association of Optometrists around the first century A.D. (IV) Untreated, this
found that two out of three seniors had an eye intolerance can interfere with overall digestion,
condition such as glaucoma or macular leading to severe diarrhoea, malnutrition, weight
degeneration, Glaucoma, the leading cause of loss and, eventually, death. (V) People with celiac
irreversible blindness, is called a silent thief disease can literally starve to death in the
for good reason. ------ . Therefore, the only way to presence of food.
catch it before significant damage has
occurred is with regular eye exams. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) It holds significant clues about the overall health

B) Eye doctors are the first to notice serious diseases
C) In the early stages, it is observed as asymptomatic
D) When having your vision tested, relax and blink
often
E) Glaucoma is very common among avid readers

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77- (I) The most common bacteria associated with 79- (I) The primary symptoms of cholera are profuse
dental cavities are the mutans streptococci, most diarrhea and vomiting of clear fluid. (II) Transmission
prominently Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus is usually through the fecal-oral route of contaminated
sobrinus, and lactobacilli. (II) A person experiencing food or water caused by poor sanitation. (III) These
caries may not be aware of the disease. (III) The symptoms usually start suddenly, half a day to five
earliest sign of a new carious lesion is the days after ingestion of the bacteria. (IV) The diarrhea
appearance of a chalky white spot on the surface of is frequently described as "rice water" in nature and
the tooth, indicating an area of demineralization of may have a fishy odor. (V) An untreated person with
enamel. (IV) This is referred to as a white spot lesion, cholera may produce 10 to 20 litres (3 to 5 US gal) of
an incipient carious lesion or a "microcavity". (V) As diarrhea.
the lesion continues to demineralize, it can turn brown
but will eventually turn into a cavitation ("cavity"). A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 80- (I) Immunodeficiency, also known as

immunocompromisation, is a state in which the
78- (I) Blunt trauma causes swelling, thickening, and immune system's ability to fight infectious diseases
whitening of the lens fibers. (II) While the swelling and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. (II)
normally resolves with time, the white color may Most cases are acquired ("secondary") due to
remain. (III) In severe blunt trauma, or in injuries that extrinsic factors that affect the patient's immune
penetrate the eye, the capsule in which the lens sits system. (III) Examples of these extrinsic factors
can be damaged. (IV) The skin and the lens have the include HIV infection and environmental factors, such
same embryological origin and so can be affected by as nutrition. (IV) The treatment of primary
similar disease. (V) This damage allows fluid from immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the
other parts of the eye to rapidly enter the lens leading defect. (V) Immunocompromisation may also be due
to swelling and then whitening, obstructing light from to genetic diseases/flaws such as SCID.
reaching the retina at the back of the eye.
A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

19