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This document describes how to interface a 7-segment display with an 8051 microcontroller. It discusses the common anode and common cathode configurations of 7-segment displays and shows the circuit diagram used. It also provides the hex code patterns for displaying the digits 0-9 and explains how to multiplex multiple displays to show more than one digit.

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Said Rahman
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

2

This document describes how to interface a 7-segment display with an 8051 microcontroller. It discusses the common anode and common cathode configurations of 7-segment displays and shows the circuit diagram used. It also provides the hex code patterns for displaying the digits 0-9 and explains how to multiplex multiple displays to show more than one digit.

Uploaded by

Said Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MOV P1, #00000001B ; Initialize Port 1.

0 as low (LED off)

LOOP:

CPL P1.0 ; Toggle the state of Port 1.0 (LED)

ACALL DELAY ; Call delay subroutine

SJMP LOOP ; Jump back to LOOP to continue blinking

DELAY:

MOV R2, #20 ; Load R2 with a value for delay

DELAY_LOOP:

MOV R1, #255 ; Load R1 with a value for inner loop delay

INNER_LOOP:

DJNZ R1, INNER_LOOP ; Decrement R1 and jump if not zero

DJNZ R2, DELAY_LOOP ; Decrement R2 and jump if not zero


RET ; Return from the delay subroutine

Seven segment displays are important display units in Electronics and widely used
to display numbers from 0 to 9. It can also display some character alphabets like
A,B,C,H,F,E etc. In this tutorial, we are going to learn how to interface a 7 segment
display with 8051 microcontroller. We are using AT89S52 microcontroller from
8051 series.

Before interfacing, we should learn about 7 segment display. It’s the simplest unit
to display numbers and characters. It just consists 8 LEDs, each LED used to
illuminate one segment of unit and the 8th LED used to illuminate DOT in 7 segment
display. We can refer each segment as a LINE, as we can see there are 7 lines in the
unit, which are used to display a number/character. We can refer each
line/segment "a,b,c,d,e,f,g" and for dot character we will use "h". There are 10 pins,
in which 8 pins are used to refer a,b,c,d,e,f,g and h/dp, the two middle pins are
common anode/cathode of all he LEDs. These common anode/cathode are
internally shorted so we need to connect only one COM pin.
There are two types of 7 segment displays: Common Anode and Common Cathode:

Common Anode: In this all the Negative terminals (cathode) of all the 8 LEDs are
connected together (see diagram below), named as COM. And all the positive
terminals are left alone.

Common Cathode: In this all the positive terminals (Anodes) of all the 8 LEDs are
connected together, named as COM. And all the negative thermals are left alone.
Circuit Diagram and Working Expalation
Here we are using common anode type of 7 segment because we need to connect
LEDs in reverse. As we know that microcontroller doesn’t provide enough power
to glow the LED so we need to connect LED’s cathode to microcontroller pin and
LED’s anode to power supply. You can understand this negative logic concept in
this article “LED Interfacing with 8051 Microcontroller”. You should also read this
article to understand the basic connection of microcontroller like crystal and reset
circuitry.

As shown above the circuit diagram for interfacing 7 segment display with 8051
microcontroller, we have connected a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h to pins 2.0 to 2.7 means we are
connecting 7 segment to port 2 of microcontroller. Now suppose we want to
display 0, then we need to glow all the LEDs except LED which belongs to line “g”
(see diagram above), so pins 2.0 to 2.6 should be at 0 (should be 0 to TURN ON the
LED as per negative logic) and pin 2.7 and 2.8 should be at 1 (should be 1 to TURN
OFF the LED as per negative logic). So the LEDs connected to pins 2.0 to 2.6
(a,b,c,d,e,f) will be ON and LEDs connected to 2.7 and 2.8 (g and h) will be OFF,
that will create a “0” in 7 segment. So we need bit pattern 11000000 (Pin 8 is the
highest bit so starting from P2.7 to P2.0), and the HEX code for binary 11000000
is “C0”. Similarly we can calculate for all the digits. Here we should note that we are
keeping “dot/h” always OFF, so we need to give LOGIC “1” to it every time. A table
has been given below for all the numbers while using Common Anode 7 segment.

Digit to Display hgfedcba Hex code

0 11000000 C0

1 11111001 F9

2 10100100 A4

3 10110000 B0
4 10011001 99

5 10010010 92

6 10000010 82

7 11111000 F8

8 10000000 80

9 10010000 90

Code Explanation
We have created ms_delay function to provide the delay in milliseconds, this delay
is usually provided in any microcontroller program so that microcontroller can
complete its internal operation.

Then we have created an array of the hex codes for 0 to 9 (see table above), and
finally we have sent the hex codes to the port 2, which is connected to common
anode 7 segment. So in this way the numbers are shown on the 7 segment display.

Now we have only 4 ports in microcontroller and what if we want to show the data
in more than four 7 segments?? To solve this problem, Multiplexing technique
comes into picture. We need to multiplex multiple 7 segment units.

; This program multiplexes the number 1234

; on the four 7-segment displays.

; Note: a logic 0 lights a display segment.


start:

SETB P3.3 ;|

SETB P3.4 ; | enable display 3

MOV P1, #11111001B ; put pattern for 1 on display

CALL delay

CLR P3.3 ; enable display 2

MOV P1, #10100100B ; put pattern for 2 on display

CALL delay

CLR P3.4 ;|

SETB P3.3 ; | enable display 1

MOV P1, #10110000B ; put pattern for 3 on display

CALL delay

CLR P3.3 ; enable display 0

MOV P1, #10011001B ; put pattern for 4 on display

CALL delay

JMP start ; jump back to start

; a crude delay

delay:

MOV R0, #20


DJNZ R0, $

RET

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