한양대학교 2019학년도 편입학전형 문제지 문제 유형

영 어 A
1. 문제지 상단의 문제 유형을 표시하시오. [5-19] 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① A형 ② B형 5. The modest attire and ascetic lifestyle of the

medieval monk portrayed by ancient manuscripts
uncovered in the early 1940s would make one believe
2. 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오.
that becoming a monk a few centuries ago required a
Mesopotamia and Assyria, if not actually the cradle of
rather nature to match their everyday routines.
mankind, were the theatre ① on which the descendants
of Noah performed their first conspicuous part. Events ① innocent ② austere ③ egoistic
② that are so various and important must invest the ④ oblique ⑤ zealous
countries ③ which they occurred with a deep interest;
and that portion of them, in particular, ④ which has
6. The wealthy donor was known for his annual acts
reference to the early postdiluvian ages, cannot fail to
of largesse throughout the community, but even more
excite the curiosity of those ⑤ who delight in marking
was the fact that he was willing to get
the moral progress of mankind.
his hands dirty and serve the needy through hard
physical labor as well as through endowments and
gifts.
[3-4] 어법상 맞는 것을 고르시오.
① laudable ② verifiable ③ ironic
3. primarily a government provider ④ ludicrous ⑤ tragic
has since grown into a huge conglomerate consisting of
a catering business and a number of retail stores,
7. Tulips are not to Holland. In fact, tulips
which now receive preferential treatment from
did not arrive in Western Europe until the sixteenth
government agencies. [3점]
century. While those first bulbs came from Turkey,
① Beginning as ② What began as where tulips have been cultivated since the early
③ While begun a ④ Did it begin as second century, the plants probably originated in the
⑤ In spite of its beginning as rugged mountainous regions surrounding the Black Sea.

① related ② burdensome ③ profitable

4. The sharp rise in peanut and other food allergies in ④ symbolic ⑤ indigenous
adolescents has led scientists and doctors ① looking for
possible causes and ② contributed factors. One idea
8. Discovered in 2001, the mimic octopus is a creature
gaining support is the “hygiene hypothesis,” which
whose survival abilities are as unique as they are
suggests that the human immune system requires
versatile. This talented cephalopod is capable of
contact with a wide range of environmental pathogens
imitating several different species of creatures found in
in order to strengthen ③ themselves. In a home
its environment, and it does so for different purposes.
environment that ④ kept largely sterile particularly
It imitates a crab to get close enough to catch and eat
through the use of antibacterial soap and sprays, the
one, it imitates toxic fish to avoid being eaten itself,
body does not learn to recognize and later combat
and it can imitate a predator sea snake to scare off
some harmful viruses and bacteria. The absence of
trespassers. The shape-shifting creature’s
germs to fight, some theorize, ⑤ makes the immune
selection from among multiple forms is an exceptionally
system begin focusing on other, more innocuous
rare trait among animals.
substances such as peanuts, milk, and eggs.
① genetic ② random ③ adverse
④ conscious ⑤ extensive
 영어 2
9. Comets have always evoked fear and awe and 12. Pluralism permeates modern societies, the mixed
superstition. Their occasional apparitions disturbingly blessing of their differentiation and openness. If the
challenged the notion of an unalterable and divinely accompanying diversity contributes to life’s richness, it
ordered Cosmos. It seemed that a also produces many of its ___________ ―compelling us
spectacular streak of milk-white flame, rising and to choose between rival obligations, goals, principles
setting with the stars night after night, was not there and virtues. Growing social pluralism also unsettles the
for a reason, and did not hold some portent for human theory and practice of politics. Modern states become
affairs. So the idea arose that they were harbingers of increasingly heterogeneous as their citizens hold ever
disaster, auguries of divine wrath ―that they foretold more divergent and often incompatible identities, ideals
the deaths of princes, the fall of kingdoms. and interests. Public, no less than private, life confronts
problematic, and occasionally tragic, choices. [3점]
① evident ② invisible ③ trivial
④ temporary ⑤ inconceivable ① woes ② resources ③ outcomes
④ conclusions ⑤ improvements

10. The Sanskrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is

of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek,
more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely 13. In research you hope that the data is true, but the
refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a interpretation of it requires discussion, debate, and
stronger ___________, both in the roots of verbs and in argument, and so scientists go to conferences a lot, and
the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been present their work and argue about it. Yes, the
produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no presentations and formal lectures at scientific meetings
philologer could examine them all without believing can be dreadfully important, but ―and this is a trade
them to have sprung from some common source. secret ―they can be breathtakingly . Sometimes
astonishing results are mired in slides so dense and
① affinity ② effect ③ risk
incomprehensible that they make you want to poke the
④ scrutiny ⑤ incongruity
free conference pen in your eye, or strangle yourself
with the name-tag lanyard.
11. Neuroscientists studying the brain may be a little
① boring ② illuminating ③ impartial
worn out with the amount of stories they hear of time
slowing down at the scene of an accident. Accidents ④ hypocritical ⑤ impecunious
are alarming and fearful things. For those tumbling
over a bike or a precipice, our brain finds plenty of
space for new memories to imprint themselves upon 14. Interpreting data on controversial issues generated
the outer layer of our brain. We remember them as from live, as opposed to automated, telephone polls can
significant events with lots of vivid action, and when be complicated by the fact that responders sometimes
we reframe that narrative in our own heads, or tell it (A) their views to live pollsters if they believe
to others, there appears to be so much going on that it those views may be considered socially unacceptable. In
simply must have taken longer than the split second it contrast, automated polling may (B) the stigma
actually did. Compared to familiar occurrences that these responders feel, and generate more accurate data.
have _________ in the outer layer of our brain until we
no longer have to think about them, a sudden new (A) (B)
event will require more of our brain’s attention. The ① reveal underestimate
unfamiliar shape of a woman as she crosses a painted ② dedicate exacerbate
white line, the loose chips of gravel, the shrieks of ③ distort reinforce
―
brakes and passers-by these are unusual things to ④ expound diminish
process when one is trying to limit the damage to ⑤ misrepresent minimize
vulnerable flesh. [3점]

① risen ② faded ③ changed

④ scattered ⑤ hardened
 영어 3
15. With the inception in the 1950s of nuclear reactors ① gestures are the same across all cultures
able to power electrical generators, there were ② humans are capable of choosing gestures on their own
predictions of a future with a virtually unlimited supply ③ gesturing is a useful means of conveying visual
of cheap power that would usher in an age of universal information
prosperity. (A) , such predictions were naive in ④ humans are blessed with the ability to create a wide
that they neglected to consider some technical realities variety of gestures
that make power generators incorporating nuclear ⑤ gesturing is more effective in conveying a message than
reactors more expensive to build and operate than any words you can use
conventional oil or coal fuelled generators, such as
disposal of waste products and the need for
(B) in monitoring.

(A) (B)
① In the long run success
② In hindsight vigilance
18. Toulmin rejected the prevailing models of argument
③ In this vein engineers
based on formal logic in favor of a very
④ In general validation
audience-based courtroom model. Toulmin’s courtroom
⑤ To recap scrutiny
model differs from formal logic in that it assumes that
all assertions and assumptions are contestable by
16. Theories are essential tools for scholars. Theories
“opposing counsel” and that all final “verdicts” about
help (A) thinking about a phenomenon by
the persuasiveness of the opposing arguments will be
highlighting key ideas and by providing carefully
rendered by a neutral third party, a judge or jury. As
crafted definitions that can be shared by all scholars as
writers, keeping in mind the “opposing counsel” forces
they build knowledge about their phenomenon of
us to anticipate counterarguments and to question our
interest. Theories can (B) which effects will
assumptions. Keeping in mind the judge and jury
occur under certain situations. Theories can
reminds us to answer opposing arguments fully,
(C) effects by revealing the factors that lead to
without rancor, and to present positive reasons for
those effects and showing how those factors work
supporting our case as well as negative reasons for
together. [3점]
disbelieving the opposing case. Above all else,
(A) (B) (C) Toulmin’s model reminds us . [3점]
① explain organize predict
① of the profound influence of the legal system on the
② explain predict organize
development of logic
③ organize predict explain
② not to miss the underlying assumptions that turn into a
④ organize explain predict
logical structure
⑤ predict organize explain
③ not to construct an argument that appeals only to those
who already agree with us
④ of the danger of too much inappropriate building on the
17. When you describe an object, you frequently use opposing argument
gestures to illustrate what the object is like. Your ⑤ not to leap from information about a situation to a
listener finds it easier to understand what you’re saying conclusion about that situation without any sort of general
when you let your body create a picture of the object principle to justify that move
rather than relying on words alone. If you’re describing
a round object, like a ball, for example, you may hold
your hands in front of yourself with your fingers
arched upward and your thumbs pointing down.
Describing a square building you may draw vertical
and horizontal lines with a flat hand, cutting through
the space like a knife. The point is that .
 영어 4
19. There is an inextricable evolutionary link between ① Nineteenth-century historians were obsessive about facts
justice and democracy. The ability of any justice and documents.
system to accommodate the biological tension between ② All documents about the past are treated as historical
individual freedom and social norms depends to a great facts by the historian.
extent on its own ability to develop those norms as ③ The necessity of establishing historical facts rests on the
. The best laws work because they quality of the facts themselves.
④ Knowledge of the past consists of elemental and
efficiently confer and express enough long-term
impersonal atoms which nothing can alter.
benefits to enough individuals that those individuals are
⑤ The treatment of documents as a historical fact depends
willing to remain in the group and pay the short-term
on the element of interpretation by historians.
price of compliance. The genius of democracy is that it
provides a continuous feedback mechanism on these
social norms, constantly recalibrating them to current
individual preferences. In effect, democracy creates a
market for the governed, in which conflicting
preferences for individual freedom and social restraint
compete freely to obtain optimal results. [3점]

① a free expression of social consensus

② a functional unit through which laws act 21. The idea set forth by French philosopher René
③ a means of shedding light on human nature Descartes in 1637, that only people think (and therefore,
④ a biological tension out of which all of us evolved only people exist in the moral universe) is still so
⑤ a condition under which a free market is created pervasive in modern science that even Jane Goodall,
one of the most widely recognized scientists in the
world, was too intimidated to publish some of her most
intriguing observations of wild chimpanzees for twenty
years. From her extensive studies at Gombe Stream
Reserve in Tanzania, she had many times observed
[20-21] 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? wild chimpanzees purposely deceiving one another, for
example stifling a food cry to keep others from
20. The nineteenth-century fetishism of facts was
discovering some fruit. Her long delay in writing it
completed and justified by a fetishism of documents.
stemmed from a fear that other scientists would accuse
The documents were the Ark of the Covenant in the
―
her of anthropomorphizing projecting “human” feelings
temple of facts. The reverent historian approached them
with bowed head and spoke of them in awed tones. If
onto ―her study subjects, a cardinal sin in animal
science. I have spoken with other researchers at Gombe
you find it in the documents, it is so. But when we
―
get down to it, what do these documents the decrees,
who still haven’t published some of their findings from
the 1970s, fearing their scientific colleagues would
the treaties, the rent-rolls, the blue books, the official
correspondence, the private letters and diaries ―tell us? never believe them.

No document can tell us more than what the author of ① René Descartes could not account for the moral dignity
of animals.
the document thought, what he thought had happened,
② Chimpanzees can be called intellectual beings for their
and what he thought ought to happen or would happen.
ability to purposely deceive one another.
None of this means anything until the historian has got
③ The idea of animals with thoughts, feelings, and
to work on it and deciphered it. The facts, whether
personalities still upsets some scientists.
found in documents or not, have still to be processed
④ Scientists must accurately describe a large class of
by the historian before he can make any use of them. observations to make a good theory about animals.
[3점] ⑤ Jane Goodall has published the most intriguing
observations of wild chimpanzees for twenty years.
* The Ark of the Covenant: (모세의 십계명을 새긴 돌을 넣은) 법궤
 영어 5
[22-24] 다음 글의 내용과 가장 거리가 먼 것을 고르시오. ① Bachelard described locations in the house as places of
intimacy and memory.
22. By the late eighteenth century, the discipline of
② Bachelard placed emphasis on the inside of the house with
natural history was dominated by so-called a sense of intimacy.
parson-naturalists ―vicars, parsons, abbots, deacons, and ③ Bachelard examined the home as the manifestation of the
monks who cultivated their gardens and collected plant soul through the poetic image.
and animal specimens to service the wonders of divine ④ Bachelard suggested that one should transcend mere
Creation, but generally veered away from questioning description in order to grasp the essential qualities of
its fundamental assumptions. The result was a peculiar space.
distortion of the field. Even as ―
taxonomy the ⑤ Bachelard suggested that poetic spaces of the house are
classification of plant and animal species ―flourished, dependant on our ability to observe and examine them
inquiries into the origin of living beings were relegated objectively.

to the forbidden sidelines. Natural history devolved into

the study of nature without history. It was this static
view of nature that Darwin found troubling. A natural
historian should be able to describe the state of the
natural world in terms of causes and effects, Darwin
reasoned, just as a physicist might describe the motion
of a ball in the air. The essence of Darwin’s disruptive 24. The Swiss pastor Johann Casper Lavater wrote
genius was his ability to think about nature not as fact confidently that the chin signifies strength in a man.
but as process, as progression, as history. He claimed that an angular or receding chin is seldom
found in “discreet, well disposed, firm men.” He also
① Parson-naturalists identified and classified plants and
asserted that horizontal eyebrows that are “rich and
animals.
clear always convey understanding, coldness of heart,
② Parson-naturalists had a static view of nature in
describing nature. and the capacity to frame plans.” Perhaps not
③ Parson-naturalists fiercely investigated the origin of surprisingly, he thought that European facial
living beings. physiognomy was superior to others. In a curious
④ Parson-naturalists celebrated the immense diversity of connection, Fitz Roy, the commander of the Beagle ,
living beings created by an omnipotent God. was a Lavater fan. The Beagle is the ship that took
⑤ Darwin believed that a natural historian should ask how Darwin around the world to gather evidence from
nature has progressed in terms of causes and effects. which he later developed his theory of evolution.
Darwin wrote in his biography that the captain doubted
that anyone with Darwin’s nose had “sufficient energy
and determination for the voyage.” Of course, this was
23. The French philosopher Gaston Bachelard once the nose that led Darwin through 5 years of arduous
wrote an analysis of what he called the poetics of travel that inspired his theory of evolution.
space. The inside of a house, he said, acquires a sense ① Lavater linked an individual’s appearance to racial
of intimacy, secrecy, security, real or imagined, because stereotyping.
of the experiences that come to seem appropriate for it. ② Lavater suggested that men with horizontal eyebrows are
―
The objective space of a house its corners, corridors, likely to be rational rather than emotional.
―
cellar, rooms is far less important than what poetically ③ Lavater suggested that discreet, well disposed, and firm
it is endowed with, which is usually a quality with an men are likely to have an angular chin.
imaginative or figurative value we can name and feel; ④ Lavater confidently wrote about the relationship between
thus a house may be haunted, or homelike, or an individual’s outward appearance and inner character.
prisonlike, or magical. So space acquires emotional and ⑤ The captain of the Beagle doubted that Darwin had
enough determination for the arduous voyage.
even rational sense through a kind of poetic process,
whereby the vacant or anonymous reaches of distance
are converted into meaning for us here. [3점]
 영어 6
25. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? ① Real-world arguments seldom prove anything.
In the twenty-first century, as debates still rage over ② The argument works when you effectively weaken the
the risks and benefits of DDT as an antimalarial agent; resistance of those who oppose you.
as calls for environmental justice are heard in cities ③ The writer should have to make clear first an ethical
worldwide; as populations of marine organisms decline, implication embedded within the argument.
fisheries collapse, and toxic waste washes up on our ④ In order for the argument to work, it is necessary for
writer and audience to share the same underlying
shores, Rachel Carson’s work appears remarkably
assumption.
relevant and even prescient. Yet, Carson did not set out
⑤ A key difference between formal logic and real-world
to be an “environmentalist” or an “environmental
arguments is that real world arguments are not grounded
writer” in the modern sense. Silent Spring , with its in abstract statements.
detailed documentation of the dangers of pesticides and
explicit warnings against their indiscriminate use, was
in many ways a departure from the genre of writing
Carson knew and loved best. Carson was first and
foremost a nature writer, someone with an
extraordinary gift for translation and an ability to
evoke in rich detail the fluid boundaries, the tastes and
sounds, the pains and pleasures, of the world as
experienced by nonhuman forms of life. 27. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장
적절한 곳은? [3점]
① the use and abuse of natural resources
② Rachel Carson as a nature writer breaking new ground This of course does not mean that they are ‘innate’ and
③ the fame of Rachel Carson in the twenty-first century develop autonomously; they may depend on experiences
④ the emergence of environmental writing as a new literary common to all humans.
genre Certain aspects of morality can be safely ascribed to
⑤ a widening gap between environmentalist justice and pan-cultural psychological characteristics that are the
realities product of natural selection. ( ① ) Most obvious
here are aspects of the relationships between parents
26. “Marine Parks” 논쟁을 통해 화자가 주장하는 것으로 and their children and between others who see
가장 적절한 것은? [3점] themselves as related. ( ② ) It is not only ‘natural’
The public should not support marine parks because for parents to love their children and children their
they stressfully separate dolphins and orcas from their parents, but it is considered morally right that they
natural habitats. On the face of it, this is a plausible should do so. ( ③ ) Prosociality between parents
argument. But the argument is persuasive only if the and their offspring is ubiquitous among mammals.
audience agrees with the writer’s assumption that it is ( ④ ) Since natural selection acts to promote the
wrong to separate wild animals from their natural survival of genes, this can reasonably be ascribed to
habitats. What if you believed that confinement of wild natural selection, for the child shares half its (rare)
animals is not always harmful or stressful to the genes with each parent. ( ⑤ ) Theory predicts
animals, that the knowledge derived from the capture that prosociality with more distantly related individuals
of wild animals enables humans to preserve the natural would be reduced according to the degree of
environment for these animals, and that the benefits to relatedness (i.e., the proportion of their genes that they
be gained from the captivity of a small number of wild share); this is confirmed by data on both human and
animals outweigh the animals’ loss of freedom? If this non-human species.
were the case, you might believe that marine parks
have positive consequences so long as they strive to
provide humane conditions for the animals, with
minimal stress. If these were your beliefs, the argument
wouldn’t work for you because you would reject the
underlying assumption.
 영어 7
[28-29] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [30-31] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

For modern listeners, Debussy practically defines The naming of places is both a necessary means of
French music, by which I mean that the essential recognition and communication but also a fundamental
qualities of his music (not only his sensuous delicacy means of laying claim to territory. The process of
but also his aversion to the harmonic behavior naming is more than a value-free description of a point
characteristic of late-nineteenth-century German music, in space, a means of expressing and
a dense chromatic motion that tends to constantly, fostering senses of place and linking these with
restlessly build to orgiastic climaxes, as in Wagner and selected aspects of the past. Using the example of rural
Strauss) have come to be seen as essentially “French” Northern Ireland, Reid examines the relationships
qualities. Walsh makes clear, however, that Debussy, between identity and memory through the naming of
far from simply amplifying or exemplifying the local places. She acknowledges that naming can be part
dominant tendencies of his musical milieu, consciously of broader processes of inclusion and exclusion when
and stubbornly swam against the current, especially linked to particular historical narratives in a divided or
when it came to the heavy influence of German music unagreed society. While local names may be indicative
on French composers. Wagner was the unavoidable of diverse cultural influences, they can also be subject
presence in late-nineteenth-century Paris, but Debussy to interpretations that reject pluralist notions of
traced the blame for that influence further back, to consociation in favour of singular ethnic figuring of
Gluck. Debussy was quietly radical in his preference space and place. Clearly, this does occur in Northern
for Rameau’s “delicate and charming tenderness” over Ireland where the material marking of placenames in
what he perceived as the Germanic “affectation of the actual landscape can be part of a broader claim to
profundity or the need to double underline everything.” ethnic territoriality. But in her analysis of the
Townlands Campaign in Northern Ireland, Reid shows,
too, that the marking of local place remains of such
28. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? fundamental importance that the process and its
associated practices may themselves encourage divided
① Further Back to Gluck: Root of Debussy’s Music
peoples to join together in order to protect and
② A Wizardly Gift: To Be Both French and German
③ What Makes Debussy’s Music Fundamentally French perpetuate their named localities.
④ Rediscovering an Unsung Hero in the History of Music
⑤ Debussy’s Alchemy: Textualizing Global Conflicts into 30. 윗글의 내용과 가장 가까운 것은? [3점]
Music
① Placenames are endowed with various meanings that are
self-evident.
② The naming of a place cannot be understood as a
29. 밑줄 친 “swam against the current”의 의미로 가장
deliberate act of collective commemoration.
적절한 것은?
③ The process of naming a place is associated with how
① not to cater to the taste of his German audiences the past is identified and constructed.
② to control his own personal preferences for French music ④ The named locality of Northern Ireland has withered as
③ to withdraw from the world and sink into the inner world the call for ethnic singularity mounts.
of his art ⑤ The consideration of singular ethnic figuring of place is
④ not to imitate the formal logic and dense textures of more important than that of diverse cultural influences.
German music
⑤ to curb the contemporary musical tendencies defined by
delicacy and charm
31. 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
① is ② being ③ which
④ where ⑤ of which
 영어 8
[32-33] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [34-35] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Paul Rubin has written a provocative book arguing that Pidgins and creoles are the outcome of the need of
the freedom to leave one group and join another, and people not sharing a language to communicate but differ
thus avoid ① coercion by dominants, is a deep part of from national and international languages in that a
our evolved natures as humans. Rubin argues that our pidgin does not begin as an already existing language
profound sense of individuality, which has survived in or dialect selected to serve this purpose; it is rather a
tandem with our profound social natures, was a kind of particular combination of two languages. According to
ultimate veto over both dominant and collectivist Loreto Todd, a pidgin is a language which
excess. Exit freedom had the effect of imposing arises to fulfill certain restricted communication needs
② priority on dominant individuals in the group: if a among people who have no common language. In the
few powerful individuals got too powerful, they risked initial stages of contact the use of a pidgin is often
loss of members, and thus loss of some of the net limited to transactions where a detailed exchange of
advantage of living in groups. ③ Likewise, even the ideas is not required and where a small vocabulary,
majority in any group had to keep a keen eye on drawn almost exclusively from one language, suffices.
majoritarian excess. Justice is what happens when our Also, the syntactic structure of the pidgin is much less
deepest social axioms ―which themselves contain an complex than the structures of the languages in contact,
embedded core of justice―are given ④ efficient and though many pidgin features clearly reflect usages
expression. The key to these social axioms is that they in the contact languages, others are unique to the
are the evolved product of ⑤ reciprocal social pidgin. A creole arises when a pidgin becomes the
exchanges. That is, the small groups in which we mother tongue of a speech community. The simple
evolved contained an important element of freedom the ― structure that characterized the pidgin is carried over
freedom to enter into mutually beneficial social into the creole but since a creole, as a mother tongue,
interactions, the freedom to decline to do so, and the must be capable of expressing the whole range of
freedom to leave the group and go join another. Laws human experience, the lexicon is expanded and
enacted or developed without these complementary frequently a more elaborate syntactic system evolves.
forces in play will themselves tend to be unjust.

32. 밑줄 친 ① ∼ ⑤ 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하 34. 윗글의 내용과 가장 가까운 것은? [3점]
지 않는 것은? [3점]
① A creole usually has simpler structures than a pidgin.
② The vocabulary of a pidgin is largely from two languages
33. 윗글 다음에 이어질 문장으로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점] in contact.
① As such, laws should identify some of their most basic ③ A pidgin can be considered one of the pre-existing
rules in moral and ethical terms, because that is exactly languages in contact.
what they are for. ④ A pidgin has its unique features other than the ones
② The idea that some behaviors are heritable as an array reflecting the usages in the contact languages.
of probabilities meshes quite nicely with what ⑤ A pidgin develops as a way to facilitate communication
evolutionary theory has been teaching us about human among the groups who used to speak a common language.
behaviour.
③ If you want to know what justice is, look at it as would
a “good man,” someone who is not interested in the
outcome of laws but recognizes that one day he may be
subject to what the laws dictate. 35. 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은?
④ Thus, a dictator, for example, is inclined to write laws ① poetic ② native ③ complicated
that are not just, both because the dictator is unlikely to ④ marginal ⑤ rhetorical
become an enforcement object of his own laws and
because he may have the power to limit his subjects’ exit.
⑤ We are not fundamentally free; laws have become
powerful because they can keep us from exercising our
freedom to exit the group.
 영어 9
[36-37] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오. [38-39] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

One of the strategic principles for success in the stock It is possible for a product to become .
market is to refrain from having knee-jerk reactions to When a product is so new, so innovative, or so well
possibly deceptive fluctuations in the market’s or a marketed that it dominates the marketplace and the
particular stock’s performance. Before reinvesting in a mindset of the consumer, it can be easy to associate the
rapidly falling stock, analysts and investors will often product’s brand name with the product itself. When a
wait for the passing of one or more small upward type of product is nearly universally known or referred
bumps, referred to as “dead cat bounces.” The term to by the brand name of one version of the product, the
reflects the somewhat crude idea that even a dead cat brand name becomes a victim of “genericism.” Aspirin
will bounce if it falls from a great height. Upticks in a (acetylsalicylic acid), the escalator (moving stairs), and
plummeting stock can be caused by short selling, the pogo stick (hopping toy) are all former brand names
triggered sell-offs, or overly optimistic reactions to whose success and popularity led to such general and
changes made by the company, such as replacing an widespread use of the names that the inventors or parent
unpopular CEO. Such a small, unimpressive rise is companies were unable to maintain their trademark
usually followed by another drop-off that surpasses the protections and even lost their competitive advantage
previous low. While almost exclusively related to the against similar products described with the term that had
stock market, the term has found occasional use in once been a definitive brand name. All it takes is one
describing other areas of misleading improvement. Poll court ruling for a term that has shifted away from its
numbers for a candidate losing ground near an election identity as a trusted brand name to become forever
sometimes make a brief, surge. In sports, identified as a generic product. When this happens, a
losing teams that make midseason coaching changes company is likely to lose a profitable beachhead within
sometimes experience a mild surge of energy that the consumer consciousness. The loss of revenue due to
translates to one or more wins before the team reverts a shift to genericism is compounded by the large
to form. amounts of money companies spend in an attempt to
keep it from happening. Despite spending millions of
dollars in legal and public relations campaigns, the

36. 윗글의 내용과 가장 거리가 먼 것은? [3점] company Kimberly-Clark has been fighting an uphill
battle to keep people from referring to all forms of
① A “dead cat bounce” can be observed in sports and
tissues as Kleenex.
politics.
② A “dead cat bounce” refers to a small surge of a stock
after a rapid decline. 38. 윗글의 내용과 가장 거리가 먼 것은?
③ Investors usually practice patience before reinvesting ① Genericism is a by-product of a company’s successful
when a “dead cat bounce” occurs. marketing of a product.
④ Replacing the unpopular CEO of a company can be a cause ② Kimberly-Clark doesn’t want people to refer to all forms
of a “dead cat bounce” in the stock market. of tissues as Kleenex.
⑤ A fall of the stock can be expected after a “dead cat ③ Aspirin and the escalator are often considered brand
bounce,” but it typically does not exceed the previous low names rather than the names of products nowadays.
point. ④ Companies are usually unable to protect their trademarks
when they become a generic term for a product.
⑤ Companies often spend a lot of money to prevent their
trademarks from becoming a generic term for a product.
37. 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
① sharp
② illusory 39. 빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
③ expected ① a victim of its own success
④ impressive ② popular regardless of its quality
⑤ inexplicable ③ unpopular because of its brand name
④ a big success regardless of marketing strategies
⑤ nothing but a failure due to marketing strategies
 영어 10
[40-41] 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Critics drawn to Monet in the 1880s used two words

in particular to ① characterize what set him apart from
other painters, either academic or experimental.
Instantanéité (of the instant, the moment) and
enveloppe (envelope or covering) defined Monet by his
ability to make ② accessible for contemplation the
overall spectral qualities bathing a scene usually only
for very brief periods of time. Octave Mirbeau’s catalog
essay for Monet’s 1889 exhibition at the Georges Petit
gallery defined instantanéité as a method for identifying
the light scales that ③ allowed one to make sense of a
scene. The values that constituted the scale of a scene
were seeded here and there. They changed so ④ rarely
that one was seldom aware of the role they played in
determining one’s emotional reaction. Monet’s careful
observation and selection allowed him to ⑤ fix the
values he found “in their exact form” so that an
otherwise fleeting design might become available to all
for observation. Monet understood, Mirbeau assured his
readers, that in order to arrive at an interpretation of
nature that was at once exact and emotionally moving,
one had to pierce the passing effects of time and make
visible the movement of harmonic values.

40. 밑줄 친 ① ∼ ⑤ 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하

지 않는 것은? [3점]

41. 밑줄 친 “exact and emotionally moving”의 의미로 가

장 적절한 것은? [3점]
① creating peace in the absence of conflict
② too complex to be comprehended through any artistic skills
③ of utmost importance to artists as a means of taming their
emotional tides
④ assessing a quality that is mysterious but can be captured
by artistic perception
⑤ confronting nature’s capricious actions with the conviction
that artists are after all incapable of intelligent replies to
them
2019학년도 한양대 편입학
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