Sonnet 130 The child Shot Dead At a Funeral Poem of Return Talk to the Peach Tree Prayer to Masks
Poet William Shakespeare Ingrid Jonker Dennis Brutus Jofre Rocha Sipho Sepamla Léopold S. Senghor
Title Poems weren’t given titles – used Pass Laws during Apartheid Written specifically for Poet’s return from exile Peach Tree was a place of The masks symbolise the
Reference
the first line of the poem Child killed in his mother’s Valencia Majombozi, who gathering ancestors
arms during a protest died fighting for her freedom
Message Criticism of the unrealistic beauty Call to end suffering, Plight of the oppressed Those who fight for freedom Awareness of harsh reality of Awareness of the effects of
standards – satire especially of children Voice his opposition the are the true heroes, not those Apartheid colonisation
Vocalise injustices of the Apartheid regime exiled Pride in one’s heritage
government
Theme Beauty is in the eye of the beholder Protest & Resistance Oppression Alienation/ estrangement Freedom of Speech Respect for Ancestors
External vs Internal beauty Sense of Nationalism Human Sacrifice Patriotism & Sacrifice Rebellion Loss of culture through
Cry for Freedom Fighting for freedom Admiration & Sorrow Freedom from Oppression modernisation
Aborted Hope
Mood Playful/ humorous/ teasing Angry/ Protesting/ unrelenting Stanza 1 – Melancholic Pensive Apprehensive/ Anxious Hopeful
Stanza 2 - Vengeful Meditative
Tone Quatrain – tongue-in-cheek/ playful Determined/ passionate/ Stanza 1 – Calm/ reverent Earnest/ nostalgic/ humble Conversational Praise/ Respect
Couplet – Adoration/ loving inspirational Stanza 2 – Angry/ Cynical Reverent
contemptuous
Form/ Shakespearean Sonnet: 5 stanzas Two stanzas Three stanzas 10 Stanzas 1 Stanza
Structure
- 3 quatrains - 5th stanza a coda AAABAB CCCDCD Enjambment - 9 stanzas of 2 lines Free Verse
- Rhyming couplet & volta Free verse - Last stanza 3 lines
- ABABCDCDEFEFGG (message stands
out)
Free Verse
Figurative L1 Simile L1,2, 6, 11, 16, 18-22 L1 Symbolism L3-4 Personification L1, 3, 15, 17& 20 Anaphora L10 Alliteration
devices
L3 Cliché Anaphora L2 Personification L9-10 Repetition L10 Alliteration L11 Metaphor
L4 Metaphor L3 Onomatopoeia L3 Symbolism L11 Apostrophe L13 Simile
L11-12 Alliteration L10 Metaphor L8 Apostrophe L15 Personification L14 Hyperbole
L13-14 Simile L11 Repetition L10 Allusion L17 Personification L15 Allusion & Rhetorical
L16 Metaphor L20 Apostrophe question
Poetry Quick Reference
This Winter Coming Solitude The Morning…Shinning Its is a beauteous Evening Fern Hill The Shipwreck
Poet Karen Press Ella Wheeler Wilcox Olive Shriener William Wordsworth Dylan Thomas Emily Dickinson
Title Winter is associated with death/ When times are tough, Early morning – new day/ life Provides the setting – Refers to his Aunt’s farm Refers to a specific
Reference
hard times friends are few and colour to nature evening (end of the day/ shipwreck: 40 people died &
moment to reflect) only 4 survived
Message Reflection on oppression and Positivity attracts good Contrast the beauty of nature Celebrate/ appreciate the Joys of childhood vs Impact of loss of life due to
hardships experienced during the company with suffering of humans beauty of nature Confinements of adulthood natural disasters
State of Emergency Negativity alienates people Nature is in sync, while
humans experience loss/
loneliness
Theme Suffering/ oppression Positivity vs negativity Permanence of Nature Beauty of God’s creation Childhood joy & innocence Death & Mortality
Exploitation/ Deprivation Generosity Despair/ loneliness Relationship between father Harmony & wonder of nature Mourning
Poetry offers solace Futility of Life/ relationships and daughter Power of time Surviving a natural disaster
Childhood innocence End of childhood innocence
Power of nature & God
Mood Anxious/ restless/ frightened Indifference/ Reflective L1-12: Joyous/ cheerful/ Meditative/ calm/ serene Nostalgia/ wistful Stanza 1&2: Cheerful/ jubilant
Melancholic Celebratory Stanza 3&4: Brooding/
L13-16: Sombre/ despairing gloomy/ sombre
Tone Sombre/ solemn Cynical L1-12: Joyous/ cheerful/ Reverent (deep respect) First 5 Stanzas - joy/ Stanza 1&2: Celebratory/
Satirical Peaceful Respectful happiness Euphoric/ Ecstatic
Sarcastic L13-16: Sorrowful Affectionate Last Stanza – lamentation/ Stanza 3&4: Sorrowful/
L15&16 Bitter sorrow mournful
Form/ Protest poem 3 Stanzas of 8 lines Lyrical Italian Sonnet Six Stanzas, 9 lines each 4 quatrains
structure
5 Stanzas ABCDEFE Rhyme ABCBDEFE Octave – description of the Half-rhyme & internal rhyme 2nd & 4th line of each stanza
Free verse Lines 1&2 are opposites GHIHJKHK countryside Lack of structure reflects the rhyme
Enjambment L1-12 Anaphora (admiration Sestet – directly addresses way we remember (bits and
of nature his daughter pieces)
L13-16 No anaphora (human Rhyme: ABBAABBA
loss) CDECED
Figurative L3, 8, 17 & 23 Repetition/ rhetorical L1 Synecdoche L3 Allusion L2&3 Simile L2 Personification & Simile L3 Euphemism
devices
question L1&2 Antithesis L3&4 Personification L3&4 Alliteration L4 Apostrophe L4 Metaphor
L7 Metaphor L3 Personification L5 Onomatopoeia L5 Personification L7-9 Allusion L5-6 Antithesis & Sibilance
L12 Hyperbole L5 Personification L7 Alliteration L8 Simile L13 Apostrophe L8 Sibilance
L14 Metaphor L5&6 Antithesis L9 Personification L9 Repetition L15 Alliteration L10 Personification
L15 Metaphor L9&10 Antithesis L12 Alliteration L12 Allusion L17-18 Metaphor L13 Sibilance
L19 Metaphor L13&14 Antithesis L15&16 Repetition L20 Simile & Personification L16 Personification
L25 Simile L16 Metaphor L22 Simile
L26-27 Metaphor L17&18 Antithesis & L28 Personification
Alliteration L30, 33 & 34 Allusion
L22 Alliteration L41 Alliteration
L53 Apostrophe
L54 Simile
