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Laboratory Report #6

1. The laboratory report examines factors that affect solubility such as temperature, polarity of solute and solvent, and molecule size. 2. The experiment measured the solubility of potassium chloride in water at 15°C, 30°C, and 80°C and found that the solubility and mass of the residue did not change with increasing temperature. 3. Additional experiments tested the solubility of various solutes in water, ethanol, and hexane based on their polarity, finding that solubility depended on how well the polarity of the solute and solvent matched.

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83 views

Laboratory Report #6

1. The laboratory report examines factors that affect solubility such as temperature, polarity of solute and solvent, and molecule size. 2. The experiment measured the solubility of potassium chloride in water at 15°C, 30°C, and 80°C and found that the solubility and mass of the residue did not change with increasing temperature. 3. Additional experiments tested the solubility of various solutes in water, ethanol, and hexane based on their polarity, finding that solubility depended on how well the polarity of the solute and solvent matched.

Uploaded by

agikagikho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LABORATORY REPORT #6 5.

Measure 10mL of the supernatant liquid using a


graduated cylinder into a pre weighted 250mL beaker
FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY
6. Evaporate the liquid in the beaker over a low flame.
7. When all the liquid is gone, cool the beaker, and
Introduction weigh the beaker and the residue.
This experiment aims to examine and obtain an 8. Do steps 1 to 7 at 30°C and 80°C.
understanding of the elements that influence solubility
and the specific ways in which they impact solubility. B. Effect of the Polarity of the Solute and
Only two of the four parameters that determine Solvent
solubility—temperature, pressure, polarity, and Determine the solubility of solid solutes by getting a
molecule size—will be monitored in this experiment. small amount (0.3 g) and adding them to 2mL of the
In order to achieve the intended drug concentration in solvent in a test tube. Mix the chemicals together. If
systemic circulation for the desired (expected) the solid dissolves, write in the table the word
pharmacological response, solubility—the “soluble”; otherwise, write the word “insoluble”. For
phenomenon of dissolving a solute in a solvent to liquid solutes, mix 3 drops of the liquid with 2mL of
generate a homogenous system—is a crucial the solvent. If the liquid solute mixes with the solvent,
characteristic. write in the table the word “miscible”; otherwise, write
the word “immiscible”.
Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of solute
that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a Results and Discussions:
particular temperature. It is a quantitative value.
Qualitatively, when a solid dissolves in a liquid A. Effect of Temperature on the Solubility
solvent, it is termed as soluble; otherwise it is called
# At 15°C At 30°C At 80°C
insoluble. Similarly, when a liquid mixes with another
liquid, it is termed as miscible; otherwise it is called 1 Mass of the 105 g 105 g 105g
immiscible. Beaker

Reagents: 2 Mass of the 106.88 g 106.88 g 106.88 g


beaker and the
Potassium Chloride Distilled water
residue
Toluene Ammonium acetate
Coconut oil Aspirin 3 Mass of 1.88 g 1.88 g 1.88 g
Hexane Sodium Chloride residue
Potassium Nitrate Ethanol
4 Volume of 10 mL 10mL 10 mL
solution
Materials:
250mL beaker Bunsen burner
Water bath Tripod
Analytical balance 10mL Graduated cylinder
Thermometer Wire gauze
Spatula
B. Effect of the Polarity of the Solute and Solvent
Procedures: Sample Water Ethanol Hexene

A. Effect of Temperature on the Solubility of Potassium Soluble Insoluble -


Potassium Chloride in Water nitrate
1. Measure 20mL of water and put it into a 250mL Sodium Insoluble Insoluble -
beaker. chloride
2. Add 20 g of potassium chloride into the beaker, and
stir occasionally. Ammonium - - -
3. Incubate the mixture in a cold water bath maintained acetate
at around 15°C. Coconut oil immiscible miscible -
4. After 10 minutes, allow the solids to settle at the
bottom. Toluene - - -
they are soluble, insoluble, miscible and immiscible.
Aspirin soluble soluble
This experiment taught us that not all chemicals are
soluble, many of them are insoluble and also teaches
Discussion: us what can be mixed and not.

Documentation:

1. Potassium Nitrate:
Observation: We put some potassium nitrate crystals in
water. They disappeared, which means they dissolved.
Measurement: We measured the weight before and
after.
Discussion: Even though the crystals vanished, the
weight stayed the same. This tells us that when things
dissolve, the overall weight doesn't change.

2. Sodium Chloride:
Observation: We put salt in water, and it dissolved,
making the water clear.
Measurement: We measured the weight of the salt
before and after.
Discussion: Just like the others, the weight of the salt
didn't change. Even though it mixed perfectly with the
water, the total weight remained constant.

3. Coconut Oil:
Observation: We tried mixing coconut oil with water,
but it didn't mix well. It formed separate droplets.
Measurement: We measured the weight of the coconut
oil before and after.
Discussion: The coconut oil didn't dissolve in water,
and that's okay. The weight didn't change, proving that
even if things don't mix, their mass stays the same.

4. Aspirin:
Observation: We added aspirin to water, and the water
got clearer, showing that the aspirin dissolved.
Measurement: We checked how much it weighed
before and after.
Discussion: Like with potassium nitrate, the weight of
the aspirin didn't change. Even though it seemed to
disappear into the water, it didn't get lighter.

Conclusion: References:
We found that the reagents don't change in solubility 1) AAT Bioquest, Inc. 2022, AAT Bioquest website,
despite the temperature changes and also discovered if accessed 11 December 2023, Pleasanton, CA,
94588 USA, <https://www.aatbio.com/>.
2) Chang R. Chemistry. 6
th edition. NY: WCB Mcgraw hill, 1998.
3) Savjani, Ketan T.; Gajjar, Anuradha K.; Savjani,
Jignasa K. (2012). Drug Solubility: Importance
and Enhancement Techniques. ISRN Pharmaceutics,
2012(), 1–10.
4) Zayas, Clovia Isabel S. and Ramonesa R. Ricardo.
Laboratory Manual for General Chemistry.
Manila: DLSU Press, 1994.

GROUP #3
Barrios, Arshela Shane
Busbus, Janica
Chacon, Dina
Gabriel, Yasmin Abby
Gualin, Timothy P.
Maganda, Heart
Moya, Maria Althea
Ryan Tajanlangit

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