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BGP Conceptshhhdk

The document discusses when to use and not use BGP for routing. It describes using BGP for single-homed, dual-homed, single multi-homed, and dual multi-homed network configurations. The key aspects of BGP are that it runs on TCP port 179, uses attributes as a metric, and is a path vector routing protocol. For routers to establish eBGP neighbor relationships, they must match on source IP, AS number, authentication if configured, and unique router ID. BGP has several states that neighbor relationships progress through and maintains different tables for neighbors, routes, and best routes. Autonomous system numbers have reserved and private use ranges designated.

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38 views4 pages

BGP Conceptshhhdk

The document discusses when to use and not use BGP for routing. It describes using BGP for single-homed, dual-homed, single multi-homed, and dual multi-homed network configurations. The key aspects of BGP are that it runs on TCP port 179, uses attributes as a metric, and is a path vector routing protocol. For routers to establish eBGP neighbor relationships, they must match on source IP, AS number, authentication if configured, and unique router ID. BGP has several states that neighbor relationships progress through and maintains different tables for neighbors, routes, and best routes. Autonomous system numbers have reserved and private use ranges designated.

Uploaded by

temogam167
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2018

BGP Concepts for


CCNA Students
By
Eng. Abeer Hosni
When BGP should be used:
- When your company is connected to more than one ISP.

When BGP should not be used:


- When there is a single connection to the ISP.

- No redundant link to the internet is present.

- You don’t really care what path is used to reach a route in another AS.

- When router resources are a concern.

- When there is a low bandwidth connection between multiple ASs.

Using BGP for outbound routing:


- Single homed (1 link/1 ISP)  Static routing can be used.

 Using BGP is not important.

- Dual homed (2 links/1 ISP)

 Static routing can be used for load sharing.

 BGP can be used to prefer a specific path over another.

- Single multihomed (1 link per ISP/ 2 ISP connections)

- Dual multihomed (2 links per ISP/ 2 ISPs or more)

- BGP characteristics:
- BGP runs on top of TCP (port 179).

- TCP is used for reliability.

- Updates are incremental and triggered.

- Uses attributes as a metric.


- A path vector routing protocol.

For eBGP enabled routers to be neighbors:


- The source IP address of the incoming TCP connection must form a configured BGP peer.

- BGP advertisement of his BGP AS# must be what we expect.

- Must use the same authentication, if configured.

- Must use a unique RID (the same configuration as OSPF RID).

BGP packets:
- Open

- Keep alive

- Update

- Notification

BGP neighbor states:


- IDLE: The BGP peer is not in the routing table. In the case of eBGP, the ebgp-multihop command
has not been configured. The process is administratively down.

- Connect: The BGP process is waiting for the TCP connection to be established.

- Active: The TCP connection failed, connect-retry timer is running, listening for incoming TCP
connection.

- Open Sent: The TCP connection exists and a BGP open message has been sent to the peer, but
the matching open message has not yet been received from the other router.

- Open Confirm: An open message has been both sent to and received from the other router (very
fast).
- Established: All neighbor parameters match, the neighbor relationship works, and the peer can
now exchange updates messages.

BGP tables:
- Neighbor table

- BGP table (a list of all BGP routes)

- Routing table (a list of best routes)

ASNs:
- AS 0 is reserved, and may be used to identify non routed networks.

- AS 65,535 is also reserved.

- AS 64,512 through 65,534 is designated for private use.

- ASN 23,456 is reserved for use in ASN pool transition.

- The remainder of the values, from 1 through to 64,511 (less 23,456), are available for use in
Internet routing.

Best wishes:

Abeer 

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